Among the given options, the stretch that tends to be the least intense is the C-H stretch (option c). This is because the C-H bond is relatively weaker compared to other bonds, such as O-H.
Option (c) is correct.
When a molecule undergoes a vibrational stretch, the intensity of the stretch is influenced by the strength of the bond being stretched. In general, stronger bonds require more energy to stretch, resulting in higher intensity vibrational modes. Weaker bonds require less energy and have lower intensity vibrational modes.
The C-H bond is typically considered to be relatively weak compared to other bonds, such as O-H or C=O. As a result, the stretching of C-H bonds tends to have a lower intensity compared to the stretching of other bonds. This means that the C-H stretch is typically less intense and requires less energy to occur.
Therefore, the correct option is (c) C-H bond.
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Define diffusion use the words concentration gradient in a sentence.
Diffusion is the process by which particles (such as molecules, ions, or atoms) move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, driven by the concentration gradient.
A concentration gradient refers to the difference in concentration between two regions. In diffusion, particles move randomly and collide with each other, causing them to spread out and distribute themselves evenly.
As particles move from higher concentration to lower concentration, the concentration gradient decreases, resulting in the equalization of concentrations over time. This movement occurs due to the natural tendency of particles to achieve a state of equilibrium, where there is no net movement of particles across the concentration gradient.
Diffusion plays a crucial role in various biological, physical, and chemical processes, such as gas exchange in the lungs, the transport of nutrients across cell membranes, and the mixing of substances in solutions.
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A bicycle tire holds 1.50 L of air at 5atm and 20.0 °C. How many moles of air is this?
If the average mass of air is 29.0 g/mol, what is the mass of air in the tire?
Answer:
9.05 g
Explanation:
PV=nRT
Use the ideal gas equation. Substitute values.
P = 5 atm
V = 1.50 L
n = ?
R (gas constant) = 0.08206 L-atm/mol-K
T = 20.0°C
*Always convert °C to K.
T = 20.0° + 273 = 293K
Substitute values.
(5 atm)(1.50 L) = n(0.08206 L-atm/mol-K)(293K)
n = (5 atm)(1.50 L) / (0.08206 L-atm/mol-K)(293K)
n = 0.3119335... mol
Convert to grams with the given average mass of air.
0.3119335... mol x (29.0 g/1 mol) = 9.05 g
how many moles of o2- ions are there in 0.750 moles of aluminum oxide, al2o3?
In 0.750 moles of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), there are 2.25 moles of O2- ions. This is determined by the balanced chemical equation for the formation of aluminum oxide, which states that for every 1 mole of Al2O3, there are 3 moles of O2- ions.
By using a simple mole-to-mole conversion, we can calculate the number of moles of O2- ions present. Thus, with 0.750 moles of Al2O3, multiplying by the ratio of 3 moles O2- ions to 1 mole Al2O3 yields 2.25 moles of O2- ions. To determine the number of moles of O2- ions in 0.750 moles of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the formation of aluminum oxide. The formula for aluminum oxide indicates that for every 1 mole of Al2O3, there are 3 moles of O2- ions. Therefore, if we have 0.750 moles of Al2O3, we can calculate the number of moles of O2- ions as follows:
0.750 moles Al2O3 × (3 moles O2- ions / 1 mole Al2O3) = 2.25 moles O2- ions
Therefore, there are 2.25 moles of O2- ions in 0.750 moles of aluminum oxide, Al2O3.
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fire heats up a pot → pot cooks food → food fuels body → body releases heat during activity where is energy created in this energy chain?
In the given energy chain, the energy is created in the fire when it heats up the pot. When the pot heats up, it cooks the food that fuels the body. As the food fuels the body, the body releases heat during activity. Therefore, the energy is created in the initial stage of the chain, i.e., when the fire heats up the pot.
The given energy chain is as follows:
Fire heats up a pot → Pot cooks food → Food fuels body → Body releases heat during activity
In the given energy chain, the energy is created in the first step when the fire heats up the pot. As the fire heats up the pot, the pot becomes hot and cooks the food that is in it. This cooking of food releases energy, which can be used by the body.The energy is then transferred to the body as it consumes the cooked food. The food fuels the body and provides it with the necessary energy to carry out activities. As the body uses this energy, it also releases heat during activity, which can be measured in the form of sweat or an increase in body temperature.Therefore, the energy is created in the fire heats up the pot step of the energy chain.
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How many grams (of mass mm) of glucose are in 195 mL of a 5.50% (m/v) glucose solution?Express your answer with the appropriate units
The mass (mm) of glucose in 195 mL of a 5.50% (m/v) glucose solution is 10.725 grams (g).
The mass (mm) of glucose in 195 mL of a 5.50% (m/v) glucose solution is 10.725 grams (g).Explanation:The formula used to calculate the mass (mm) of glucose in 195 mL of a 5.50% (m/v) glucose solution is given as follows:Firstly, we need to know the formula of the percentage by mass/volume:%(m/v) = (mass of solute / volume of solution) × 100where,(mass of solute / volume of solution) is the concentration of the solution (C) and can be represented as:C = (mass of solute / volume of solution)Now, using the above formula we can find out the mass (mm) of glucose in 195 mL of a 5.50% (m/v) glucose solution:Given,Volume of solution (V) = 195 mLConcentration of solution (C) = 5.50% (m/v)The concentration of solution (C) is 5.50% (m/v)So, it means in 100 mL of the glucose solution, 5.50 g of glucose is present. Hence, in 195 mL of glucose solution, the mass of glucose is given as:Mass of glucose = (mass/volume) × volumeMass of glucose = (5.50 g/100 mL) × 195 mL= 0.055 g/mL × 195 mL= 10.725 gTherefore, the mass (mm) of glucose in 195 mL of a 5.50% (m/v) glucose solution is 10.725 grams (g).
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What gas gets in and what gas get out of the body?
Answer:
carbon dioxide and oxygen
Explanation:
Answer:
This process produces methane and hydrogen
Explanation:
which of the following statements are true regarding the remainder of the experiment if the scientist wants to use the combined gas law to calculate different properties?a.the pressure must stay at 200 kpa, but the volume, temperature, and amount can change.b.the volume must stay at 300 ml, but the pressure, temperature, and amount can change.
If the scientist intends to apply the combined gas law to determine various attributes, the following statement is accurate: (A) The pressure must remain at 200 kPa, but the volume, temperature, and amount can change.
Among the statements provided:
A. The statement "The pressure must stay at 200 kPa, but the volume, temperature, and amount can change" is true regarding the remainder of the experiment if the scientist wants to use the combined gas law to calculate different properties. In the combined gas law, the pressure is a constant value, while the volume, temperature, and amount of gas can vary.
B. The statement "The volume must stay at 300 mL, but the pressure, temperature, and amount can change" is not true regarding the remainder of the experiment if the scientist wants to use the combined gas law. The combined gas law allows for changes in all four variables: pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of gas.
C. The statement "The temperature must stay at 900 K, but the pressure, temperature, and amount can change" is not true regarding the remainder of the experiment if the scientist wants to use the combined gas law. The combined gas law considers variations in temperature along with other variables.
D. The statement "The amount must stay at 0.008 mol CO₂, but the temperature, pressure, and volume can change" is not true regarding the remainder of the experiment if the scientist wants to use the combined gas law. The combined gas law takes into account changes in all four variables, including the amount of gas.
In summary, only statement A is true regarding the remainder of the experiment if the scientist wants to use the combined gas law.
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Complete question :
Which of the following statements are true regarding the remainder of the experiment if the scientist wants to use the combined gas law to calculate different properties?
A. The pressure must stay at 200 kPa, but the volume, temperature, and amount can change.
B. The volume must stay at 300 mL, but the pressure, temperature, and amount can change.
C. The temperature must stay at 900 K, but the pressure, temperature, and amount can change.
D. The amount must stay at 0.008 mol CO2, but the temperature, pressure. and volume can change. are filled with comcsodiocodec
which set of elements is arranged in order of increasing electronegativity? A. cl < f < se < as B. se < f < as < cl C. f < cl < se < as D. as < se < cl < f
f < cl < se < as (fluorine, chlorine, selenium, arsenic), which arranges the elements in increasing order of electronegativity.
Hence, the correct option is C.
Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself when it is part of a chemical bond. It generally increases as you move across a period from left to right and decreases as you move down a group in the periodic table.
A. cl < f < se < as (chlorine, fluorine, selenium, arsenic):
Chlorine (Cl) has a higher electronegativity than fluorine (F), selenium (Se), and arsenic (As). Therefore, it is arranged correctly that chlorine has the highest electronegativity, followed by fluorine, selenium, and then arsenic.
B. se < f < as < cl (selenium, fluorine, arsenic, chlorine):
This arrangement is not in increasing order of electronegativity. Fluorine (F) has the highest electronegativity among these elements, followed by chlorine (Cl), then arsenic (As), and selenium (Se) has the lowest electronegativity.
C. f < cl < se < as (fluorine, chlorine, selenium, arsenic):
This arrangement is correct. Fluorine (F) has the highest electronegativity, followed by chlorine (Cl), then selenium (Se), and arsenic (As) has the lowest electronegativity.
D. as < se < cl < f (arsenic, selenium, chlorine, fluorine):
This arrangement is not in increasing order of electronegativity. Fluorine (F) has the highest electronegativity among these elements, followed by chlorine (Cl), then selenium (Se), and arsenic (As) has the lowest electronegativity.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C: f < cl < se < as (fluorine, chlorine, selenium, arsenic), which arranges the elements in increasing order of electronegativity.
Hence, the correct option is C.
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Plutonium is a radioactive material, exposure to which is hazardous to human health, and is one of the few materials that can be used to make a nuclear weapon. The time it takes for half of any initial quantity of plutonium to decay into stable non-radioactive products is roughly:
Answer:
24,000 years
Explanation:
A force caused by objects moving in opposite directions called
Answer: Balanced forces
Explanation: Equal forces acting in opposite directions are called balanced forces. Balanced forces acting on an object will not change the object's motion.
This figure illustrates which of the following? gamma emission
fusion
chain reaction
beta emission
Answer:chain reaction
Explanation:
What is the mass of sulfuric acid, h2so4, that is contained in 2.0L of a 5.85 M solution ?
A- 1147.44 grams
B- 0.12 grams
C- 11.7 grams
D- 98.07 grams
Answer:
A. 1147.44 grams
Explanation:
Multiply volume by molarity to get the moles of solution.
5.85 M = mol/2.0 L
mol = (5.85 M)(2.0 L)
mol = 11.7
There is 11.7 moles of H2SO4.
Convert to grams with molar mass.
11.7 mol H2SO4 x (98.076 g/1 mol) = 1147.49 g
Closest answer is A, 1147.44 g.
Select which of the following is a major disadvantage of using nuclear power to generate electricity.
The power plants are inexpensive to build
A small amount of power is produced
No greenhouse gases are produced
The by-product of nuclear power is radiation
Answer:
The power plants
are inexpensive to build
At 45.0 C and a pressure of 9.9 kPa a sample of gas has a volume of 1.033 L. If the pressure is increased to 1245 kPa what will the new volume be?
Answer:
The new volume will be 8.2 x 10⁻³ L or 0.0082 L.
Explanation:
Since our temperature remains constant, apply Boyle's Law:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
Plug in the initial pressure and volume on the left side, and the new pressure on the right:
9.9(1.033) = 1245(V₂)
V₂ = (9.9(1.033)) / 1245
V₂ = 8.2 x 10⁻³ L or 0.0082 L
The critical angle for a certain liquid-air surface is 47.7 degrees. What is the index of refraction of the liquid?
The critical angle is given by sin ic = n2 / n1, where n1 and n2 are the indices of refraction for the media.
Using the formula sin ic = n2 / n1 for the critical angle for a liquid-air surface, we can calculate the index of refraction of the liquid.47.7° = sinic = n2 / n1, where n1 is the index of refraction of air, which is 1.00. The index of refraction of the liquid is therefore 1.33.
When light travels from a medium with a high refractive index (n1) to a medium with a low refractive index (n2), total internal reflection occurs if the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle (ic).
The critical angle (ic) can be calculated using the formula sin ic = n2 / n1, where n1 and n2 are the indices of refraction of the media. The angle of incidence that causes total internal reflection is the critical angle.
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consider the effect of a volume change on this reaction at equilibrium. 2h2s(g)⇌2h2(g) s2(g)
Predict the effect (shift right, shift left, or no effect) of increasing the reaction volume.
For the reaction 2H2S(g) ⇌ 2H2(g) + S2(g), the effect of a volume change on this reaction at equilibrium can be considered. It can be predicted whether increasing the reaction volume will cause the reaction to shift to the right, shift to the left, or have no effect on the reaction.
In this reaction, two moles of gaseous reactants are being converted into two moles of gaseous products. Therefore, this is a reaction that involves a change in volume. According to Le Chatelier's principle, the equilibrium will shift in such a way as to counteract the effect of the volume change.
If the reaction volume is increased by adding inert gas (i.e., a gas that doesn't react with the reactants), then the total pressure of the system will increase, but the partial pressures of the reactants and products will remain the same. Since the partial pressures remain unchanged, the equilibrium will not shift in either direction.
However, if the reaction volume is decreased by removing some of the gaseous products, then the partial pressure of the products will decrease. In order to counteract this decrease, the equilibrium will shift to the right to produce more gaseous products (i.e., more H2 and S2). Therefore, decreasing the volume will cause the reaction to shift to the right.
Therefore, increasing the reaction volume will have no effect on this reaction at equilibrium.
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For practice, the molecular formula for ascorbic acid is C6H8O6, and you used 6 g in this experiment, calculate the molarity of the ascorbic acid. Now calculate the concentration in moles per drop (assume 1 mL = 20 drops).
I do not want the answer. I want to know how to get the answer please. Just explain to me how to figure this out.
Answer:
0.68 M
Explanation:
The concentration of a solute refers to Molarity= [tex]\frac{moles}{Liter}[/tex]
We need to find moles, we can do that by using stoichiometry to convert 6g > moles using molar mass.
Molar mass of C6H8O6= 176 g/mol; this is our key to converting the amount we have to moles.
6g C6H8O6 x [tex]\frac{1 mol}{176 g}[/tex]C6H8O6 = 0.034 mol C6H8O6
Now we need our volume per drop.
We know 1000 mL=1 L
We have 20 drops per 1 mL, so 1 mL / 20 = 0.05 mL per drop. But we need Liters, so we'll convert it to Liters.
0.05 mL x [tex]\frac{1 L}{1000mL}[/tex] = 0.00005L
Now we can solve for Molarity.
Molarity of C6H8O6 = [tex]\frac{0.034 mols}{0.00005 L}[/tex] = 0.068M of C6H8O6
Describe the acid-base behavior of amphiproti substances Question Choose the options below that are amphiprotic, Select all that apply: a. H2SO4 b. HS- c. PO43- d. NH3
The amphiprotic substances among the options provided are HS⁻ and NH₃.
The term "amphiprotic" refers to substances that can act as both acids and bases, depending on the reaction conditions.
a. H₂SO₄ (sulfuric acid) is not considered amphiprotic. It is a strong acid that readily donates a proton (H+) but does not accept protons in typical acid-base reactions.
b. HS⁻ (hydrogen sulfide ion) is amphiprotic. It can act as a base by accepting a proton to form H₂S (hydrogen sulfide), and it can also act as an acid by donating a proton to form S²⁻ (sulfide ion).
c. PO₄³⁻ (phosphate ion) is not considered amphiprotic. It is a polyprotic base that can donate multiple protons, but it does not accept protons in typical acid-base reactions.
d. NH₃ (ammonia) is amphiprotic. It acts as a base by accepting a proton to form NH₄⁺ (ammonium ion), and it can also act as an acid by donating a proton to form NH₂⁻ (amide ion).
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Compound A gives the product(s) below on oxidative cleavage with KMnO4 in acidic solution.
Propose a structure for A.
Compound A
(CH3)2C=O +
CH3CH2CH2CO₂H
You do not have to consider stereochemistry.
You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms.
If a group is achiral, do not use wedged or hashed bonds on it.
Compound A is likely a compound containing a central carbon atom bonded to two methyl groups, followed by a carbon chain of three carbons ending with a carbonyl group.
Based on the given reaction of oxidative cleavage with KMnO₄ in an acidic solution, the products formed are:
Compound A → (CH₃)₂C=O + CH₃CH₂CH₂CO₂H
From this, we can deduce that Compound A must be a compound that, upon oxidative cleavage, yields acetone [(CH₃)₂C=O] and a carboxylic acid (CH₃CH₂CH₂CO₂H).
To propose a structure for Compound A, we need to consider the functional groups and the products formed.
1. Acetone (CH₃)₂C=O: This is a ketone functional group, consisting of a carbon double-bonded to an oxygen atom, with two methyl groups attached to the same carbon atom.
2. Carboxylic acid (CH₃CH₂CH₂CO₂H): This is a carboxylic acid functional group, consisting of a carbon double-bonded to an oxygen atom (carbonyl group) and a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the same carbon atom. The carbon atom is further bonded to an ethyl group (CH₂CH₂) and a hydrogen atom (H).
Based on these products, a possible structure for Compound A is:
In this structure, the central carbon atom is bonded to two methyl groups (CH₃) and is connected to an ethyl group (CH₂CH₂) and a carboxylic acid group (COOH).
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Help pls I don’t know the answer
Answer:
The first one is correct.
Explanation: Eh Are you cheating on quiz?
.(Part A)
Write balanced net ionic equation for the following reaction:
Fe(OH)3(s)+H2SO4(aq)→?
Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.
(Part B)
Write balanced net ionic equation for the following reaction:
HClO3(aq)+Na(OH)(aq)→?
Note that HClO3 is a strong acid.
Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.
Part A: [tex]Fe(OH)_{3} (s)[/tex] + 3H+(aq) → [tex]Fe^3+(aq)[/tex]+ [tex]3H_{2}O(l)[/tex](solid [tex]Fe(OH)_{2}[/tex] reacts with aqueous H+ to form [tex]Fe^3+[/tex] ions and water). Part B: H+(aq) + [tex]ClO_{3}^-[/tex](aq) + Na+(aq) +[tex]OH^-(aq)[/tex]→ Na+(aq) + [tex]ClO_{3}^-(aq)[/tex] + [tex]H_{2}O(l)[/tex](H+ reacts with [tex]OH^-[/tex] to form water in the presence of Na+ and [tex]ClO_{3}^-[/tex] ions).
Part A:
The balanced net ionic equation for the reaction between solid [tex]Fe(OH)_{3}[/tex] and aqueous [tex]H_{2}SO_{4}[/tex]is:
[tex]Fe(OH)_{3} (s)[/tex] + 3H+(aq) + [tex]3SO_{4}^2-(aq)[/tex] → [tex]Fe^3+(aq)[/tex] + [tex]3SO_{4}^2-(aq)[/tex] +[tex]3H_{2}O(l)[/tex].
In this reaction, the [tex]Fe(OH)_{3}[/tex] solid reacts with the H+ ions from [tex]H_{2}SO_{4}[/tex]to form[tex]Fe^3+[/tex] ions and water molecules. The sulfate ions [tex](SO_{4}^2-)[/tex]are spectator ions and do not participate in the net reaction. The phases are indicated by (s) for solid, (aq) for aqueous, and (l) for liquid.
Part B:
The balanced net ionic equation for the reaction between [tex]HClO_{3}(aq)[/tex] and NaOH(aq) is:
H+(aq) + [tex]ClO_{3}^-(aq)[/tex]+ Na+(aq) + [tex]OH^-(aq)[/tex] → Na+(aq) + [tex]ClO_{3}^-(aq)[/tex] + [tex]H_{2}O(l)[/tex].
Here, the H+ ion from [tex]HClO_{3}[/tex] reacts with the [tex]OH^-[/tex] ion from NaOH to form water molecules. Sodium ion (Na+) and chlorate ion ([tex]ClO_{3}^-[/tex]) are spectator ions. The phases are indicated by (aq) for aqueous and (l) for liquid.
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Which types of chemical reactions are
considered opposites of one another?
Answer:
Hi
Explanation:
Decomposition reactions are really the opposite of combination reactions. In decomposition reactions, a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances (elements and/or compounds).
Explanation:
Decomposition chemical reactions
Decomposition reactions are really the opposite of combination reactions. In decomposition reactions, a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances (elements and/or compounds).
The decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases
and the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide t form oxygen gas and water
are examples of decomposition reactions.
A car accelerates away from the starting line at 3.6 m/s2 and has the mass of 2400 kg. What is the net force acting on the vehicle?
__ Newtons ??
Answer:
8640 NExplanation:
The force acting on an object given it's mass and acceleration can be found by using the formula
force = mass × acceleration
From the question we have
net force = 2400 × 3.6
We have the final answer as
8640 NHope this helps you
When H+ forms a Bond with H2O to form the Hydronium ion H3 plus this bond is called a coordinate covalent bond because
Answer:
Because both the bonding electrons come from the oxygen atom. Explanation: A coordinate covalent bond is formed when both the bonding electrons are coming from the same atom
Explanation:
A 1 liter solution contains 0.487 M acetic acid and 0.365 M sodium acetate.
Addition of 0.183 moles of hydrobromic acid will:
(Assume that the volume does not change upon the addition of hydrobromic acid.)
Raise the pH slightly
Lower the pH slightly
Raise the pH by several units
Lower the pH by several units
Not change the pH
Exceed the buffer capacity
A 1 liter solution contains 0.474 M hydrocyanic acid and 0.356 M potassium cyanide.
Addition of 0.391 moles of nitric acid will:
(Assume that the volume does not change upon the addition of nitric acid.)
Raise the pH slightly
Lower the pH slightly
Raise the pH by several units
Lower the pH by several units
Not change the pH
Exceed the buffer capacity
Multiple choices can be selected for the answer, could you also explain how this is done?
The addition of 0.183 moles of hydrobromic acid to a 1 liter solution containing 0.487 M acetic acid and 0.365 M sodium acetate will lower the pH slightly. On the other hand, the addition of 0.391 moles of nitric acid to a 1 liter solution containing 0.474 M hydrocyanic acid and 0.356 M potassium cyanide will lower the pH by several units.
In the first case, the acetic acid and sodium acetate form a buffer solution, which helps maintain a relatively stable pH. The acetic acid acts as a weak acid, while the sodium acetate is its conjugate base. When a small amount of hydrobromic acid is added, it reacts with the acetate ions in the buffer system, shifting the equilibrium towards the formation of more acetic acid and water. This results in an increase in the concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+), leading to a slight decrease in pH.
In the second case, the hydrocyanic acid and potassium cyanide also form a buffer solution. However, nitric acid is a strong acid that completely ionizes in water. The addition of nitric acid increases the concentration of hydronium ions significantly, overpowering the buffer system and causing a substantial decrease in pH.
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Experiment 4C- solvent extraction 2: A three component mixture; an example of the separation of an acid, a base, and a neutral substance. During experiment 4C, you collect the following data: component Ethyl-4-amino benzoate Benzoic Acid 9-fluorenone Initial mass (g) 0.0498 0.0588 0.0508 Recovered (g) 0.0137 0.0322 0.0422 Melting point (C) 84.0 121.5 82.0 Calculate the percent recovery for each component (basic, acidic, and neutral) a. Basic b. Acidic c. Neutral Calculate the percent error for the melting point of each component a. basic b. acidic c. neutral
To calculate the percent recovery for each component (basic, acidic, and neutral) and the percent error for the melting point of each component in Experiment 4C, specific formulas and calculations are required. The percent recovery is calculated by dividing the mass of the recovered component by the initial mass and multiplying by 100. The percent error for the melting point is calculated by comparing the experimental melting point to the accepted literature value and expressing the difference as a percentage of the accepted value.
To calculate the percent recovery for each component, you need to divide the mass of the recovered component by the initial mass and multiply by 100. Let's perform the calculations for each component:
a. Basic (Ethyl-4-amino benzoate):
Percent Recovery = (Recovered mass of basic component / Initial mass of basic component) x 100
Percent Recovery = (0.0137 g / 0.0498 g) x 100 = 27.51%
b. Acidic (Benzoic Acid):
Percent Recovery = (Recovered mass of acidic component / Initial mass of acidic component) x 100
Percent Recovery = (0.0322 g / 0.0588 g) x 100 = 54.76%
c. Neutral (9-fluorenone):
Percent Recovery = (Recovered mass of neutral component / Initial mass of neutral component) x 100
Percent Recovery = (0.0422 g / 0.0508 g) x 100 = 83.07%
To calculate the percent error for the melting point of each component, you need to compare the experimental melting point to the accepted literature value. The percent error is calculated using the formula:
Percent Error = ((Experimental melting point - Accepted melting point) / Accepted melting point) x 100
Let's perform the calculations for each component:
a. Basic (Ethyl-4-amino benzoate):
Percent Error = ((84.0°C - Accepted melting point) / Accepted melting point) x 100
b. Acidic (Benzoic Acid):
Percent Error = ((121.5°C - Accepted melting point) / Accepted melting point) x 100
c. Neutral (9-fluorenone):
Percent Error = ((82.0°C - Accepted melting point) / Accepted melting point) x 100
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STRONG acids and bases. (Assume pOH + pH = 14).
calculate the concentration of (OH-) for a 0.0545 M solution of hydrochloric acid (HCI)
The concentration of OH- for a 0.0545 M solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is 7.21 x 10^-13 M.
Let's first understand the concepts of acids and bases and strong acids and bases.
Acids are proton donors, and bases are proton acceptors. The strength of an acid or a base is determined by the extent to which it donates or accepts protons. Strong acids and bases dissociate completely in water, while weak acids and bases dissociate only partially.
Thus, a strong acid or base has a high concentration of H+ or OH-, respectively.
Now let's solve the problem. We are given a 0.0545 M solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl).
Since HCl is a strong acid, it dissociates completely in water according to the equation:
HCl → H+ + Cl-
The concentration of H+ in the solution will be equal to the concentration of HCl, which is 0.0545 M.
Since we know that
pOH + pH = 14,
we can calculate the pOH of the solution using the pH:
pH = -log[H+]
pH = -log(0.0545)
pH = 1.2648
Now,
pOH + pH = 14
can be rewritten as:
pOH = 14 - pH
pOH = 14 - 1.2648
pOH = 12.7352
The concentration of OH- can be calculated using the pOH:
pOH = -log[OH-]
12.7352 = -log[OH-]
[OH-] = 7.21 x 10^-13
Therefore, the concentration of OH- for a 0.0545 M solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is 7.21 x 10^-13 M.
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Explanation:
3. Define the following:
a. electromagnetic radiation
b. wavelength
c. frequency
d. quantum
e. photon
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