Cytoskeleton is not associated with the intracellular transport. The microtubules and microfilaments, are the components of cytoskeleton and are responsible for cellular and intercellular movements Rest of the options are functions of cytoskeleton is a cell.
The cytoskeleton is an intricate, dynamic network of linking protein filaments that is present in all cells, including those of bacteria and archaea. In eukaryotes, it extends from the cell nucleus to the cell membrane and is composed of the same proteins in all species. Its three main constituents are microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Each of these has the ability to quickly expand or disassemble, depending on the demands of the cell.
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if the dna of a mammalian promoter region experiences increased methylation on cytosine (c) which of the following results is most likely to occur?
The inactivation of the gene is most likely to occur when the DNA of a mammalian promoter region experiences increased methylation on cytosine (C) (Option A).
What is cytosine methylation epigenetic mark?Cytosine methylation epigenetic mark is a chemical modification on the DNA sequence that is able to alter gene expression patterns in the same way as histone modifications which include, for example, histone acetylation and or histone methylation.
Cytosine methylation epigenetic mark is a unique type of epigenetic modification o the DNA sequence.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the cytosine methylation epigenetic mark is able to decrease or even inhibit gene expression by adding methyl groups into the DNA sequence, which is known to act as inhibitors for the accessibility of diverse transcription factors to the nucleotide sequence.
Complete question:
If the DNA of a mammalian promoter region experiences increased methylation on cytosine (C) which of the following results is most likely to occur?
Options:
Inactivation of the gene
activation of histone tails for enzymatic function
decreased chromatin condensation
higher levels of transcription of certain gene
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a cell that responds to a signal molecule is distinguished from a cell that does not respond by the fact that it has
That is a receptor molecules though, key feature by which we can distinguish the cell that can receive signals from the cell. The cell is the primary structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
A variety of macromolecules, such as proteins, DNA, and RNA, as well as a large number of small molecules that constitute nutrients and metabolites are found in each cell's cytoplasm, which is encircled by a membrane. The word cellular, which means "small apartment" in Latin, is where the phrase gets its name.
Protein synthesis, DNA repair, replication, and motility are just a few of the operations that cells can carry out internally in addition to developing specialized capabilities. Cells can migrate around and specialize within the cell. Most cells are measured in micrometers due to their tiny size.
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Tolman believed that rats form cognitive maps, internal representations of the layout of the world. (A) In one experiment, rats placed at the start of a maze learned to run directly to a goal box where food was provided; the purple line shows the rats' route. (B) If the preferred route was blocked, rats could easily find an effective alternative route (orange line); this indicates that they had information about the spatial layout of the maze.
(A) In one experiment, rats placed at the start of a maze learned to run directly to a goal box where food was provided; the purple line shows the rats' route. (B) If the preferred route was blocked, rats could easily find an effective alternative route (orange line), Tolman believed that rats form cognitive maps, internal representations of the layout of the world.
Any visual depiction of an individual's (or a group's) mental model for a particular procedure or idea is called a cognitive maps. The way that concepts and their connections are graphically depicted in cognitive maps is not constrained by any visual conventions that they must abide by. A cognitive map is a mental representation of the actual environment's arrangement. Driving home from work on a familiar route without a GPS is an example of employing a cognitive map.
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Use the information you learned from the DNA microarray to write an argument to convince smokers to stop smoking. Be sure to reference any differences you saw in gene expression in smokers and nonsmokers studied in the experiment.A big reason you should stop smoking is it can affects Cytochrome P450, which with cancer that gene gets increased, and based on the experiment the only person to not have this gene increased is the non smoker.
A big reason you should stop smoking is it can affects Cytochrome P450, which with cancer that gene gets increased, and based on experiment the only person to not have this gene increased is non smoker.
What inferences are possible from microarray data?We may examine the genes his cancer cells have elevated, decreased, switched on, or turned off using microarray technology. What does it mean if two genes express themselves at the same amounts in both normal and malignant cells? that the cancer cell did not have an impact on the gene.
What does the yellow hue on a DNA microarray mean?A spot that turns yellow indicates that in cancer cells, that gene was neither significantly expressed nor strongly suppressed. These areas (in your experiment) will be clear. No cDNA from the patient has joined the DNA in the gene situated there, as indicated by a black area. This shows that the gene is active.
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the fuschia or fuchsia triphylla, is a genus of flowering plants that consists mostly of shrubs or small trees. they were first discovered in the caribbean by
The Fuschia or fuchsia triphylla was first discovered n the Caribbean by French botanist Charles Plumier.
The fuschia or fuchsia triphylla was first discovered by French botanist Charles Plumier in 1696 during his expedition to the Caribbean island of Martinique. Plumier named the plant for German botanist Leonhart Fuchs, who is credited with reviving interest in botanical studies in the 16th century.
He initially described the plant as “Fuchsia triphylla flore coccino,” which translates to “Fuchsia with three leaves and a scarlet flower”. Since Plumier's discovery, the fuchsia has been widely cultivated and is now found growing in temperate and tropical regions throughout the world.
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which of the following is not a common metabolic/physiological change that occurs in pregnant women? A. increased urine production B. glucose sparing C. decreased blood pressure D. hypermetabolism E.E. increased respiratory rate
One metabolic/physiological shift that does not frequently occur in pregnant women is an increased respiratory rate.
What makes me believe I'm pregnant?A lot of people report having symptoms that resemble pregnancy just before their period. The reason for this is because progesterone levels increase both during early pregnancy and throughout the premenstrual period. 1 In essence, PMS symptoms and early pregnancy symptoms might occasionally be identical.
Where in the early stages of pregnancy does your stomach hurt?During pregnancy, stomach or abdominal discomfort is frequent. It's normal to experience some stomach discomfort in the first trimester. Both your developing womb and hormonal changes are at blame for them.
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HURRY PLEASE I HAVE BARELY ANYTIME LEFT
What is the point of meiosis?
A. Cause mutations in which the DNA content of the gene is altered
B. Creation of somatic cells for growth and repair
C. Segregation of sister chromatids
D. Increased genetic variation by crossing over and fertilization
Answer:
D. increased genetic variation by crossing over and fertilization
Look at the Punnett square, which shows the predicted offspring of the F2 generation from a cross between a plant with yellow-round seeds (YYRR) and a plant with green-wrinkled seeds (yyrr). Select the correct statement about wrinkled yellow seeds in the F2 generation.The chance that an individual taken at random from the F2 generation produces wrinkled seeds is 25% and the chance that the same individual produces yellow seeds is 75%.
Randomly selected individuals from of the F2 generation have a 25% chance of producing wrinkled seeds, and a 75% probability of producing yellow seeds.
What does the F2 generation's Punnett square predict?The genotypes of a F2 generation can be predicted using the Punnett square methodology.Because each parent can contribute either one of two distinct alleles, a self-cross of a single Yy heterozygous offspring could be depicted as a 2 2 Punnett square.
How many green and yellow spherical seeds in F2 will be generated in total?Nine of these sixteen pairings result in round yellow plants, three in wrinkled yellow plants, three in round green plants, and one in wrinkled green plants.Plants therefore appear inside the F2 generation in the proportion 9:3:3:1.
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when a water-soluble hormone binds to the target cell, the subsequent cascade of intracellular chemical reactions can result in which of the following?
Binding of a water-soluble hormone to a target cell can initiate a series of intracellular chemical processes that result in protein synthesis.
Protein synthesis is the process by which cells produce proteins by utilizing DNA, RNA, and a variety of enzymes. Along with transcription, translation, and post-translational events, pre-translational events such as protein folding, modifications, and proteolysis are commonly included.
This incredible work of art depicts the formation of proteins, a process that occurs in all living things' cells. In reality, the two processes that comprise this procedure, known as protein synthesis, are transcription and translation. Transcription occurs in eukaryotic cells' nuclei.
During transcription, DNA serves as a template for the creation of a messenger RNA molecule (mRNA). After leaving the nucleus, the mRNA molecule travels to the cytoplasm to a ribosome, where translation occurs. During translation, the genetic code found in mRNA is read and used to create a protein. DNA RNA Protein, the central dogma of molecular biology, combines these two processes.
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tissue-specific stem cells are found most commonly in: embryonic stem cells (esc) may be obtained from which of the following tissues:
Embryonic stem cells (ESC) from a five-day-old blastocyst can be harvested.
These embryonic stem cells are between three and five days old. An embryo at this stage is known as a blastocyst and contains 150 cells or less. They are pluripotent stem cells, which can differentiate into any form of body cell or additional stem cells (ploo-RIP-uh-tunt).
The inner cell mass of the human blastocyst, an early stage of the growing embryo lasting from the fourth to the seventh day after fertilization, contains embryonic stem cells (ESCs). After the seventh day, they vanish in a typical embryo's growth and the three layers of embryonic tissue start to form.
Embryos produce embryonic stem cells.
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after the 1933 hurricane carved out a tidal channel through the barrier island just south of ocean city, the army corps of engineers constructed a pair of jetties on each side of the inlet to keep it open. these are labeled post-1933 jetty on fig. 15.7. sand filled in behind the northern jetty, so it is now a seawall forming the straight southern edge of ocean city on fenwick island. based on this information, would you say that the longshore current along this coastline is traveling north to south or south to north? explain your reasoning.
To keep Ocean City Inlet open after the hurricane of 1933 carved out the inlet, the Corps of Engineers built two jetties, one on each side. "Seawall" is the map's designation for the southern jetty.
Which of these three seawall types are they?Horizontal, curve or ramped, and mound seawalls are the three primary forms (see table below). In highly vulnerable circumstances, vertical seawalls are constructed. They act as wave energy reflectors.
What is a seawall used for?a wall or other barrier dividing land from water. It's intended to stop coastal erosion as well as other storm surge and wave-related harm, such flooding. Seawalls are often quite large buildings since they are made to withstand the full strength of the waves or storm surge.
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TRUE/FALSE. Certain pesticides can become ineffective if used repeatedly in the same place; one reason is suggested by the finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals
programme, additional pesticides may also be used. 9) The correct response is (c). Instead than just treating existing insect issues, an IPM programme aims to
One explanation why some pesticides can lose their effectiveness if used repeatedly in the same area is suggested by the discovery that populations of pesticide-degrading microorganisms are substantially higher in soils with a relatively lengthy history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals. There are many ways to define a weed. Typical classifications include: an unattractive plant The discovery that there are many suggests one reason why certain pesticides can lose their effectiveness if administered repeatedly in the same location
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Sequence the blood vessels in the pulmonary circuit starting from right ventricle and ending at left atrium.
A drop of blood should travel through the right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, and vena cavae in the proper order.
What are blood vessels also called?There are three types of blood vessels: Your arteries carry blood away from your heart. Veins allow blood to return to the heart. Capillaries, the smallest blood vessels, connect arteries and veins.
What are the blood vessels' functions?In the blood, vessels move waste away between organs and tissues and carry nutrients to those tissues. The vasculature's role in oxygenating the organism serves as one of its main functions and important roles. The aorta has the fastest blood flow. Blood flow rate and blood vessel bridge area have an inverse relationship.
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Would such plants do well in non-agricultural settings, such as in the wild? Explain why not why not
Answer:
Yes,Some Plants would do good some of the greens will reduce but the humans will starve.
Which statement describes a reason scientists might use a programmed
glider instead of a submarine with a crew to study the bottom of an ocean
trench?
OA. Sunlight causes temperatures there to rise dangerously.
OB. The low salinity there could harm human passengers.
OC. High pressures there could crush a submarine.
OD. The high density of plant growth there is difficult to navigate.
The statement that describes a reason scientists might use a programmed glider instead of a submarine with a crew to study the bottom of an ocean trench is option (c) High pressures there could crush a submarine
what is submarine?A submarine is a specialized vessel that can operate underwater at pressures above those at which a person might survive without assistance.
what is a programmed glider?It is pre-programmed with a route before being released to collect oceanographic data over a period of days, weeks, or months.
Types of glidersome of the major types of glider are:
Self Launching Motor Gliders. However, there are some gliders that are capable of launching themselves by means of a small engine.Sustainers.Touring Motor Glider.learn more about submarine here:
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Complete each statement and then place the sentences in the proper order for the following scenario: Prior to attempting a heavy weightlifting activity, a competitor steps to the bar, squats down toward the bar resting on the floor, and establishes a firm grip.
The complete statements and roper order of the muscle contraction while weightlifting is:
1.Frequency.
2.Isometric.
3.Concentrically.
4.Motor units.
The proper order of the sentences are:
3. No immediate movement of the bar is demonstrated despite the production of muscle force, which demonstrates Concentrically contraction.
1. When ready, he initiates neural recruitment of his ankle, knee, and hip extensors by increasing the frequency of action potentials to the lower-limb extensors.
4. Voluntarily exerting more effort, additional Motor units are recruited, which results in the production of greater forces, prior to joint movement.
2. Progressively increasing force production allows the force to exceed that of the bar's inertia. Extensors of the ankle, knee, and hip begin to contract Isometric.
Muscle contractions are available in two types eccentric and concentric. When a muscle contracts concentrically, it shortens and produces force that is larger than the weight being lifted. This permits you to lift the weight by exerting more force than the weight. You cannot lift the weight if the concentric muscle contraction does not provide adequate force. Your bicep contracts concentrically as you lift and draw a weight toward your shoulder, such as when you perform an arm curl.
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Complete Question:
Complete each statement and then place the sentences in the proper order for the following scenario: Prior to attempting a heavy weightlifting activity, a competitor steps to the bar, squats down toward the bar resting on the floor, and establishes a firm grip.
1. When ready, he initiates neural recruitment of his ankle, knee, and hip extensors by increasing the ____________ of action potentials to the lower-limb extensors.
2. Progressively increasing force production allows the force to exceed that of the bar's inertia. Extensors of the ankle, knee, and hip begin to contract ____________ .
3. No immediate movement of the bar is demonstrated despite the production of muscle force, which demonstrates ____________ contraction.
4. Voluntarily exerting more effort, additional ____________ are recruited, which results in the production of greater forces, prior to joint movement.
consider the genome browser data associated with tp53. t/f: track a provides genetic evidence of functionality
Take TP53's genome browser data into consideration. T/F: Tracks B and C offer proof of functional evolution.
A model describing Cas9/sgRNA-DNA interactions is shown below. The beginning of a coding region within a gene's first exon is depicted below. The codon in brackets denotes the gene's proper reading frame.
Tumor protein TP53, cellular tumour antigen TP53, phosphoprotein TP53, antigen NY-CO-13, and transformation-related protein 53 are other names for the TP53 gene and its products. Discover more about the roles of TP53, how it prevents the development of cancer, how it might be harmed, and medicines that could aid in reactivating its effect in the sections below. 1 One of the biggest problems in treating cancer has been p53 gene mutations.
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the purpose of this test is to evaluate how the organs of static equilibrium in the vestibule enable one to maintain balance.
Romberg test, By removing the visual and vestibular components that are involved in maintaining balance, it establishes whether your balance disorders are due to how your dorsal column functions.
The significance of a positive Romberg test?If the Romberg test is positive, sensory ataxia is the likely culprit behind the postural imbalance. The sensory and motor pathways of the brainstem are necessary for maintaining balance while standing up straight. Proprioception, or the body's awareness of its own position and motion in space, is a component of the sensory pathway.
What contributes to balance and gait issues?Orthostatic hypotension and arthritis are frequent causes, although most gait and balance abnormalities have a variety of underlying reasons as well. The majority of gait changes are caused by underlying medical issues rather than being an unavoidable result of aging.
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which of the following is involved with maintaining equilibrium and projects away from the vestibular nucleus of the brainstem?
Vestibulospinal tract is involved with maintaining equilibrium and projects away from the a. vestibular nucleus of the brainstem.
Vestibulospinal tracts are descending tracts found in the spinal cord they are a group of nerve fibers that transmit data from the brain's upper regions to the body's extremities. They begin with the vestibular nuclei's axons (located in the brainstem) and end by making connections with interneurons found in the spinal cord's anterior gray column.
Two vestibulospinal tracts, the medial and lateral, make up the vestibulospinal system. They are necessary for the body to accomplish several reflex movements. Each tract is in charge of boosting antigravity muscle tone in response to a sideways tilt of the head. Extensor muscles in the limbs are antigravity muscles.
The Vestibulospinal Tract has two main functions:
maintaining upright posture and producing vestibulospinal reflexes.
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Complete Question:
Which of the following is involved with maintaining equilibrium and projects away from the vestibular nucleus of the brainstem?
a. vestibulospinal tract.
b. cochlear branch of cranial nerve.
c. vestibular branch of cranial nerve.
d. pathways to temporal lobe of cerebral cortex.
Monosaccharides other than glucose can be modified to derivatives that can enter glycolysis. For each Map det the monosaccharides listed below, indicate the derivative that enters glycolysis. (The answer choices are not given in any particular order.) glucose The glycolytic pathway is given to the right as a reference The abbreviations DHAP and G3P represent dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, respectively ADP glucose-6.phosphate The galactose derivative that enters the glycolytic pathway Select answer ate ADP fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 5 3-phosphate The mannose derivative that enters the glycolytic pathway: NADHOPO Select answer NADH H 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate ADP ATP 3-phosphoglycerate 2-phosphoglycerate
GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE, a galactose derivative, enters the route. FRUCTOSE-6-PHOSPHATE or GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE is the mannose derivative that enters the glycolytic pathway.
Galactose cannot be metabolised through catabolic routes, hence in the liver, it is changed into glucose-6-phosphate so that it may go along the glycolytic pathway. In the liver, fructose is transformed into glycogen, which enters the same pathway as glycogen to begin glycolysis.
On the other hand, mannose can be transformed into glucose-6-phosphate through the gluconeogenic pathway of hepatocytes. Mannose-6-phosphate is changed to fructose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphomannose isomerase and subsequently enters the glycolytic pathway.
So, we can state that the galactose derivative GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE enters the pathway. The mannose derivative that enters the glycolytic route is FRUCTOSE-6-PHOSPHATE or GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE.
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The presence of calcium in the sarcoplasm is directly responsible for ____________________.
energizing the myosin heads
exposing the binding sites on actin
the movement of actin towards the M line
decreasing the length of the myosin myofilamentexposing the binding sites on actin
The presence of calcium in the sarcoplasm is immediately liable for exposing the binding websites on actin.
The calcium that enters the heart mobile thru the calcium ion channel activates the ryanodine receptor to release sufficient calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to initiate heart muscle contraction. this is completed by using binding to some other shape, named troponin, in the coronary heart muscle cells.
Calcium is needed by proteins, troponin, and tropomyosin, that regulate muscle contraction by blockading the binding of myosin to filamentous actin. In a resting sarcomere, tropomyosin blocks the binding of myosin to actin.
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blood cells could be modified to better carry oxygen, which would help the athlete's muscles to not get sore as fast. lactic acid wouldn't build up as fast either, causing less muscle soreness. this would affect muscular system and respiratory system. another modification would be the skeletal structure. you can change the bones of the athlete to make them better suited for their sport. you could strengthen, lighten, or elongate bones. for example, if the athlete is basketball player, they could use gene doping to become taller.
It is true to say that blood cells could be modified to better carry oxygen, which would help the athlete's muscles to not get sore as fast.
During exercise the cardiovascular framework needs to warrant substrate supply to working muscle. The fundamental capability of red platelets in practice is the vehicle of O₂ from the lungs to the tissues and the conveyance of metabolically created CO₂ to the lungs for lapse. Blood cells additionally adds to the blood's buffering limit, and ATP and NO delivery from red platelets adds to vasodilation and further developed blood stream to working muscle. These capabilities require sufficient measures of red platelets available for use
The review shows that when the component that lets nitric oxide out of the amino corrosive restricting site in the blood cells is working, the veins enlarge and permit oxygen-rich red platelets to stream into the tissue of athlete's body.
Hence, given statement is correct.
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(Complete question) is:
blood cells could be modified to better carry oxygen, which would help the athlete's muscles to not get sore as fast.Select true or false.
the second phase of our metabolism is called the krebs cycle. the end product primarily is which is the source of energy that is in our food.
The body uses glucose as its main energy source. Starches and sugars are two main dietary sources of glucose.
Transforming food into energy is metabolism. The process through which the body converts food and liquids into energy is called metabolism. To create the energy the body requires, calories from food and beverages combine with oxygen throughout this process. A body needs energy for all its functions, even when at rest.
Ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph are the three basic forms of metabolism; these are words you generally wouldn't use in a typical conversation. But understanding the body types you were born with will ultimately benefit your workout program.
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According to the World Resource Institute, biodiversity is the variety of the world's organisms, including their genetic diversity. In a world of genetically modified (GM) crops, agriculture is greatly reducing the genetic diversity of the plants on Earth. By ignoring genetic diversity, while we develop GM products, we run several risks that include ALL BUT ONE listed here.
A. a disease or pest emerging that will wipe out the GMOs.
B. the extinction of many native or indigenous crops.
C. increase production while reducing environmental impacts.
D. reduced biodiversity of important food crops.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The correct answer is: increase production while reducing environmental impacts. This is because genetically modified (GM) crops are often designed to increase production and reduce environmental impacts, such as the use of pesticides and herbicides. However, the development and widespread use of GM crops can also reduce the genetic diversity of plants on Earth, which can have negative effects on biodiversity and lead to other risks such as the emergence of diseases or pests that can wipe out the GMOs, and the extinction of native or indigenous crops. Therefore, ignoring genetic diversity while developing GM products can lead to negative consequences for agriculture and the environment.
Match each muscle with the characteristics they are named after Tibialis anterior (Click to select) -. Transversus abdominis: (Click to select) . Deltoid Shape (Click to select) - Quadratus femoris (Clic Orientation of fasciculi; Location Location Shape; Location Shape
Tibialis anterior: Location
Transversus abdominis: Orientation of fasciculi ; Location
Deltoid: Shape
Quadratus femoris: Shape; Location
Tibialis anterior- The tibialis anterior muscle, also known as the tibialis anticus, is the largest of the four muscles in the front part of the leg. The thick muscle arises from what is next to it on the side of the tibia; The tibialis anterior tendon (TAT) inserts distally on the medial border of the foot. This suggests the location of the muscle.
Transversus abdominis - Transverse is an orientation, while abdominis means near the abdomen. Hence this suggests the Orientation of fasciculi and Location. The transverse abdominis is located immediately in the abdomen in the oblique muscle. It is one of the abdominal muscles and arises from the inguinal ligament, iliac crest, the inner surface of the lower six ribs and from the thoracolumbar fascia.
Deltoid - means delta, which is a triangular shape. Hence this suggests the shape only. The deltoid muscles are located in the shoulder, which is the ball-and-socket joint that connects your arm to your torso. The Deltoid muscles help you move your arm in different positions. They also protect and stabilize the shoulder joint.
Quadratus - means the quadrilateral shape, and femoris means near femur. Hence it suggests shape, and location. The quadratus lumborum muscle, informally referred to as QL, is a muscle attached to the left and right posterior abdominal wall. It is the deepest abdominal muscle, and is often called the back muscle. Each of them is irregular and four in shape.
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The set of behaviors that have evolved to maximize an animal's success at reproduction (for example, how many mates to have) are known as an animal's ______
The set of behaviors that have evolved to maximize an animal's success at reproduction are known as an animal's Mating systems.
The sorts of reproductive behaviors that arise among animals depends first at the kind of mating system, or how animals institution themselves primarily based on who will mate with who. there are numerous one-of-a-kind mating systems, however they fall into categories:
Monogamy, in which one male mates with one females, and
Polygamy, wherein one or more males mate with one or greater ladies.
All of it relies upon on what will better assest the offspring to continue to exist. If the offspring need each mother and father to care for them, then typically a species is monogamous, with both male and woman caring for the younger. This arrangement works properly for many birds--one male and female takes a turn searching after the infants, at the same time as the opposite hunts for food. This manner the toddlers are covered from predators, but do not pass hungry. Teamwork!
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Both mammals and reptiles share one aspect of their reproductive cycle ______ fertilization
Mammals and reptiles have a similar reproductive cycle in one respect. Internal fertilization.
What is the reproductive cycle?Menstrual, regenerative, proliferative, and secretory phases are its four stages. The period between the first day of one menstruation and the first day of the subsequent menstruation is known as a cycle, and it typically lasts between 21 and 40 days. A cycle typically lasts 28 days.
What are the two reproductive cycles and how many types of reproductive cycle are there?A fertile female has two regular cycles: the ovarian cycle, which takes place in the ovary's cortex, and the menstrual cycle, which takes place in the uterus' endometrium. The hormones secreted during the various periods of the ovarian cycle regulate the phases of the menstrual cycle.
Estrual and menstrual cycles are the two different types of reproductive cycles. Estrual and menstrual cycles are the two recognised forms of reproductive cycles, and an ovarian cycle is the time period between two subsequent ovulations.
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At the beginning of this century, there was a general announcement regarding the sequencing of the human genome and the genomes of many other multicellular eukaryotes. Many people were surprised that the number of protein-coding sequences was much smaller than they had expected. Which of the following types of DNA make up the rest of the human genome? A. DNA that is translated directly without being transcribed B. non-protein-coding DNA that is transcribed into several kinds of small RNAs with biological function C. non-protein-coding DNA that serves as binding sites for reverse transcriptase D. DNA that consists of histone coding sequences
Non-protein-coding DNA that is transcribed into several kinds of small RNAs with biological function is the correct answer.
Numerous protein-coding and non-protein coding sequences can be found in the human genome. The sequences that can be translated into protein sequences are known as protein-coding sequences.
Although it was anticipated that these coding sequences would be larger when the genome was sequenced, the sequences turned out to be smaller. This demonstrates that non-coding sequences make up the majority of the genome.
These non-coding sequences are significant because, while they cannot be translated into proteins, they can be translated into a variety of RNA molecules, including regulatory RNA, ribosomal RNA, and others, through transcription.
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The 1952 experiment performed by the Lederbergs in which they replica-plated ten million colonies of T1-phage sensitive E. coli to plates containing high concentrations of T1 phage and found a small number of phage-resistant colonies showed that: A) a selecting agent can affect mutation rate in E. coli. B) mutations can arise spontaneously before exposure to the selecting agent. C) mutations in E. coli occur at a relatively high frequency. D) the mutation rate in E. coli fluctuates greatly from one generation to the next. E) the T1 phage can act as a mutagen as well as a selecting agent in E. coli.
Coli to plates containing high concentrations of T1 phage and found a small number of phage-resistant colonies showed that mutations can arise spontaneously before exposure to the selecting agent.
A mutation is a change that occurs in the DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is being copied onto the daughter cells or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light and cigarette smoke.
There are different types of Mutations which include Chromosomal aberrations, Point Mutations, and Frameshift Mutations. These can change the proteins which are synthesized from the DNA.
Mutations can have an effect on an organism by means of converting its bodily characteristics (or phenotype) or they could impact the way DNA codes the genetic records (genotype).
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Facilitated Diffusion via a Protein Channel
For the below image, label the 13. polar area and 14. non- polar area on the diagram.
Draw in 15. protein channel and 16. molecules that would represent a potential concentration gradient in facilitated diffusion via a protein channel on the diagram.
Facilitated diffusion refers to the movement of solutes across the plasma membrane by transport proteins. Transport proteins of three types aid diffusion: channel protein, gated channel protein, and carrier protein.
define plasma membrane ?
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane (PM), cytoplasmic membrane, or plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates and protects the inside of all cells from the outside world (the extracellular space). The cell membrane is a lipid bilayer composed of two layers of phospholipids with cholesterols (a lipid component) interspersed between them, which maintains adequate membrane fluidity at different temperatures. Membranes also contain membrane proteins, which include integral proteins that span the membrane and act as membrane transporters, as well as peripheral proteins that loosely attach to the cell membrane's outer (peripheral) side and act as enzymes to facilitate interaction with the cell's environment. Glycolipids found in the outer lipid layer perform a similar function.
Transport proteins of three types aid diffusion: channel protein, gated channel protein, and carrier protein. A Channel Protein, a kind of transport protein, acts as a channel in the membrane, enabling water molecules or small ions to move through fast.
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