HIV Treatment by Genetic Mutation risks
HIV can be treated via gene therapy by inducing mutations that restore the normal genome sequence.
What is gene therapy?Gene therapy is a revolutionary technique used in molecular biology to restore the expression of defective genes that suffered mutations.
Gene therapy involves modifying the nucleotide (DNA) sequence in order to correct the production of defective proteins associated with disease states.
Moreover, mutations due to HIV are a consequence of the insertion of this retrovirus in the host genome.
In conclusion, gene therapy is able to treat HIV by inserting gene regions that restore the normal nucleotide sequence.
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sentence supports the statement that complex, multicellular organisms are made up of specialized cells that each perform different functions for the body?
Answer:
Human liver cells make proteins that promote homeostasis that neurons do not
Explanation:
Answer:
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____________________ kidney disease is a disorder in which fluid-filled cysts grow on the kidney and replace much of the mass of the kidney.
Polycystic kidney disease is a disorder in which fluid-filled cysts grow on the kidney and replace much of the mass of the kidney.
Polycystic kidney disease, often known as PKD, is a genetic condition in which clusters of cysts grow mostly within the kidneys. This causes the kidneys to expand and eventually lose their ability to function. Cysts are noncancerous sacs that are spherical and filled with fluid. The cysts range in size. Having a lot of cysts or having cysts that are very large can be harmful to your kidneys.
In addition to causing cysts to form in the kidneys, polycystic liver disease can also cause cysts to form in other organs of the body. Serious problems, such as kidney failure and high blood pressure, can be brought on by the disease.
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What substance, produced by virus-infected cells, diffuses to neighboring cells to help them fight a viral infection
The body releases glycoproteins as the defensive response to virus are called interferons.
The interferons initiate the series of molecular changes and elicit the immune cells to fight the pathogens or foreign particles. These interferons affect the growth of cells and inflammation. Interferons are the cytokines and are responsible for intercellular signaling. The interferons does not directly affect the multiplication of virus instead, it does not let other cells allow virus to use its machinery and replicate. Interferons are of three types: alpha, beta and gamma. The gamma interferon is majorly responsible for the immune response.
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why is grafting preferred on late April and early may?
Answer:
Grafting is a technique used to join two pieces of plant material together so that they will grow as one plant. This is often done with fruit trees, where a desired variety of tree is grafted onto the rootstock of a more common variety of tree.
Grafting is typically done in late April or early May because this is when the bark of the trees is slipping, which makes it easier to join the two pieces of plant material together.
Explanation:
Most grafting is done in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. The best time is after the chance of severe cold has passed but well before hot weather arrives. Scion wood may be collected during the winter. Store it in a cold, moist place at temperatures close to 34 degrees Fahrenheit.
The hormone secretin is released by endocrine cells in the duodenal mucosa in response to A. gastrin secreted by the pyloric gland area of the stomach B. none of these C. acid in the duodenum D. distention of the stomach E. carbohydrate in the duodenum
In response to c. acid in duodenum, the hormone secretin is released by endocrine cells in the duodenal mucosa.
What releases secretin in the duodenum?Secretin is a polypeptide that contains 27 amino acids. In response to H+ and fatty acids in the lumen, S cells in the duodenum produce secretin. Particularly, a pH of less than 4.5 indicates the entry of stomach contents, which starts the secretin release.
Secretin, a digestive hormone that controls gastric acid secretion and pH levels in the duodenum, is released by the wall of the upper portion of the small intestine (the duodenum).
A pancreatic fluid that is high in bicarbonate is secreted when secretin is present (45). By interacting with pancreatic ductal cells, secretin enters the bloodstream or intestinal lumen and increases the production of bicarbonate, which lowers the pH of the gastric chyme as it enters the small intestine.
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In a resting state, sodium (Na ) is at a higher concentration outside the cell and potassium (K ) is more concentrated inside the cell. During an action potential, the sodium levels ________ inside the cell.
In a resting state, sodium (Na ) is at a higher concentration outside the cell, and potassium (K ) is more concentrated inside the cell. During an action potential, the sodium levels increase inside the cell.
During an action potential, the potassium level inside the cell decreases, and the sodium level inside the cell increases. That is to say, there is an outflow of potassium and an inflow of sodium ions.
Action potential usually occurs when an electrical signal disrupts the balance of Na+ and K+ within a cell membrane, briefly depolarizing the concentrations of each.
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Blood transfusions are an example of a tissue transplant. All transplants (tissue and organs) must be cross-matched so the recipient's immune system will not attack the donated organ; rejection is the main problem in organ transplants. What happens at a cellular level during organ rejection
Answer:
..
Explanation:
Peter and rosemary grant began studying the galapagos finches in 1973. For about 40 years, they studied the finches on daphne major. Why was this an ideal place to study the evolution of the finches?.
Peter and rosemary discovered a natural ecosystem with an extreme climate, oscillating between cycles of intense drought and abundant rainfall, as well as an uncontaminated area that had never been explored by humans. This was an excellent location to study the evolution of Galapagos finches.
For their outstanding long-term studies showing evolution in action in Galápagos finches, Peter and Rosemary Grant are renowned.They have shown that natural selection is responsible for the incredibly quick changes in body and beak size in response to variations in the availability of food.Due to the lack of predators or rivals for the finches, Daphne Major makes an excellent location for research. (The cactus finch is the only other finch on the island.) The weather, and consequently the availability of food, has a significant impact on the medium ground finch's capacity to survive.learn more about Galápagos finches here: https://brainly.com/question/960688
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A layer of water that covers swamps, bogs, marshes, and other communities is called
Group of answer choices
Lakes
Oceans
Wetlands
None of the choices
Answer:
Wetlands cover swamps, bogs and Marshes.
What is the mechanism(s) that bordetella pertussis uses to invade epithelial cells in the lungs?
The mechanism of action of Bordetella pertussis is to stop the cilia of epithelial cells from beating.
Bordetella pertussis is a pathogenic, gram-negative bacteria. It is the causative agent of highly communicable respiratory disease known as pertussis or whooping cough.
The mechanism of action of Bordetella pertussis:
This bacterium colonizes the ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory airways of the host. A surface protein on the bacteria called filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin binds to sulfatides on the cilia of epithelial cells. When the bacterium is anchored, it releases tracheal cytotoxin, which prevents the cilia from beating.As a result, the cilia in an organism's lungs are unable to sweep out foreign material, and the body reacts by causing the host to cough. When people cough, bacteria are released into the air, where they might spread to other hosts. Another toxin called the pertussis toxin, often known as PTx, prevents adenylate cyclase from using ATP to convert to cyclic AMP. This results in over-conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP, which may interfere with cellular signaling systems. As a result, phagocytes are unable to respond to an infection effectively.Know more about Bordetella pertussis here:
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which brain structure responds to stimuli, conducts electrical impulses, and releases neurotransmitters
Answer:
Neurons
Explanation:
Acid rain is caused by which of the following?
A. nitrogen compounds in the air
B. excess carbon dioxide
C. deforestation
E. nitrogen compounds in the soil
Answer:
A. nitrogen compounds in the air
Explanation:
D
Question 3
My cell has many chromosomes, but only certain genes activated. My activated genes allow me to
produce mitochondria, chloroplasts and a cell wall. I also have the gene for root hair production, but
it is not turned on. Who Am I?
Muscle Cell
O Leaf Cell
Nerve Cell
10 pts
Plant Root Cell
As the cell contains activated genes for the production of mitochondria, chloroplasts and a cell wall and inactive genes for root hair production, then it is a leaf cell.
Leaf cells are different from other parts of the plant as they carry out photosynthesis for the preparation of food for plants. The chloroplasts present in leaves contain chlorophyll that helps in photosynthesis in the presence of sunlight using water and carbon dioxide. In this process, oxygen is released. Leaf cells contain many active and inactive genes. Leaf cells contain active genes for the formation of mitochondria, chloroplasts and a cell wall. Root cells contain the active genes for the formation of root hairs. But, chloroplasts are absent in root hairs as they do not have any role in photosynthesis. Roots are present inside the soil.Thus, the leaf cell is the correct option as plant cells contain a cell wall and the leaf helps in the photosynthesis process.
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Assertion: Gene mutation is the basis of evolutionary genetic change.
Reasoning: Mutations prevent the proper functioning of a gene.
Which of the following is true for the above statements?
A. Both (A ) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of A.
B. Both (A ) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of A.
C. A is false and (R) is true.
D. A is true and (R) is false.
In conclusion, Both 'mutation is the basis of evolutionary genetic change' and 'mutations prevent the proper functioning of a gene' are True, but R is not the correct explanation of A (Option A).
What are genetic mutations?Genetic mutations are any type of modification in the genetic material (DNA sequence) of an organism.
Mutations provide the raw material for evolution, but mutation can be beneficial, deleterious, or neutral depending on the environment.
In conclusion, both statements are True, but R is not the correct explanation of A (Option A).
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What type of connective tissue cells are similar to basophils in that they contain granules that release histamine to mediate the inflammatory response
Mast cells are similar to basophils in that they contain granules that release histamine to mediate the inflammatory response.
The basophil, another type of white blood cell, and the mast cell are remarkably similar in both look and function. Although tissue-resident basophils were long assumed to be mast cells, it has been established that the two cells do not share the same hematopoietic ancestry.Mast cells and basophil granulocytes, a type of white blood cell found in blood, are highly similar. They are both granular cells that contain the anticoagulant heparin as well as histamine. The mast cell nucleus is spherical, whereas the basophil nucleus is lobated, indicating a difference between their nuclei.Histamine and other vasoactive chemicals are released by mast cells, resulting in urticaria (hives).learn more about Mast cells here: https://brainly.com/question/12765051
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Which phylum of protozoa contains organisms that are non-motile, obligate intracellular parasites?.
Answer:
Apicomplexa
Explanation:
When it comes to genetic probabilities,
the outcome of one event has what kind
of effect on the next event?
A. It causes the same outcome to occur.
B. It has no effect on the next outcome.
C. It decreases the likelihood of the same outcome.
Answer: The answer is B is not A
Explanation:
Which of the following choices is NOT a function of blood. Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a thermoregulation b transport oxygen and carbon dioxide oxygen c provide immunity d All are functions of blood.
Answer:
d
Explanation:
The blood does all of these functions
Earth’s mantle
Select one:
a.
consists of liquid rock.
b.
is hotter than the crust.
c.
is made of granite.
d.
All of these.
According to the research, Earth's mantle is hotter than the crust.
What is the Earth's mantle?It is the solid layer that lies between the central core of planet Earth and the earth's crust.
Advancing towards the core of the planet, the Earth's mantle is hotter than the crust and is subject to greater pressures, so its physical properties and chemical composition will also vary.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, Earth's mantle is hotter than the crust.
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The seemingly crazy word _______________ is the actual name for scientists who study the behaviors and habitats and other factors that influence the reproduction and well-being of sea (water) creatures.
The seemingly crazy word Environmental marine biologist is the actual name for scientists who study the behaviors and habitats and other factors that influence the reproduction and well-being of sea (water) creatures.
What Is a Marine Biologist?
Marine biologists research marine organisms and occasionally the oceans themselves. They may look into the physiological processes, illnesses, and environmental factors affecting marine creatures, as well as their behavior. They could evaluate how human actions affect marine life. Numerous marine biologists also have positions as zoologists, fish and wildlife biologists, fisheries biologists, aquatic biologists, conservation biologists, and biological technicians.They could evaluate how human actions affect marine life.
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uman chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) A. is secreted from the corpus luteum B. is secreted from the myometrium in the uterus C. stimulates placental secretion of estrogen and progesterone D. is secreted from the placenta E. none of these
Human chorionic gonadotropin is secreted from the placenta. The correct option is D.
What is HCG?HCG is known as Human Chorionic Gonadotropin.
It is a hormone secreted by the placenta during pregnancy.
The hormone specifically functions to thicken the wall of the uterus in order to be able to support the growing embryo.
It also signals to the body system to halt the process of menstruation.
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Consider the debate about whether viruses are alive or not. Both Viewpoint #1 and Viewpoint #2 have points of evidence in common. Evidence includes ALL BUT _____.
but became hhfgbighhjgttty
Can you help me please
Word and definition
1] Prokaryote = Prokaryotic cell refers to the cell which is unicellular. Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that consist of a single prokaryotic cell. Prokaryotic cells are simple cells that do not have a true nucleus or other cell organelles.
2] Osteocyte= a cell that is characteristic of adult bone and is isolated in a lacuna of the bone substance
3] Macrophage = Macrophages are white blood cells that engulf and digest pathogens.
4] Microscope= An instrument that gives an enlarged image of an object
5] eukaryote = Eukaryote, any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus. The eukaryotic cell has a nuclear membrane that surrounds the nucleus, in which the well-defined chromosomes (bodies containing the hereditary material) are located.
What type of stress occurs when a rock mass is pushed in parallel and opposite directions?
Answer:
Shear stress
Explanation:
Shear stress is a type of stress that occurs when a rock mass is pushed in parallel and opposite directions.
Site-specific recombination systems _________. Multiple Choice do not depend on extensive nucleotide sequence homology depend on enzymes that are often specific for sequences within the host are features of some viruses All of the choices are correct.
Site-specific recombination systems all of the choices are correct i.e.
A. do not depend on extensive nucleotide sequence homology.
B. depend on enzymes that are often specific for sequences within the host.
C. are features of some viruses.
An exchange between two specified sequences (target sites), either on the same DNA molecule or on two separate DNA molecules, is known as site-specific recombination. DNA sequences may be integrated, excised, or inverted as a result of the exchange. A site-specific recombinase that can work by itself or with the aid of additional components or enzymes shapes the DNA target during recombination. The recombinase is chemically bonded to the ends of the intermediate DNA after DNA breakage at the recombination site; when this process is reversed, the intermediate DNA is resealed to form the recombinant and the recombinase is released. During this recombination process, neither replication nor repair are necessary.learn more about Site-specific recombination here: https://brainly.com/question/11458760
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The results of gel electrophoresis are shown below with four different strand of dna labeled which strands of dna is the longest
Answer: 1
Explanation:
Number 1 strand of DNA is the longest. Therefore, the correct option is option A among all the given options.
What is gel electrophoresis?Any of the various methods for separating DNA, RNA, and protein molecules according to their size and electric charge is known as gel electrophoresis. There are several uses for gel electrophoresis, including DNA fingerprinting, the identification of genetic variations and proteins related to health and illness, as well as the identification and purification of proteins and nucleic acids for scientific purposes.
Pathogens that could be present in blood, other tissues, or sources like food can also be found using this technique. In many cases, DNA sequencing and mass spectrometry are used to conduct additional research on nucleic proteins or amino acids that have been identified and purified using gel electrophoresis. Number 1 strand of DNA is the longest.
Therefore, the correct option is option A.
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Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was,
Review the data you collected in the Lab Report for Discussion concerning the distance traveled by individuals categorized by short or long legs. Which trait may have the greatest chance of being passed down to future generations of lizards—short legs or long legs? Using the discussion board, share your data and your conclusions with your classmates. Respond to your classmates’ conclusions.
The data about leg size in the parental generation is NOT found here, but it is expected that it is a quantitative trait.
What are quantitative traits?Quantitative traits are phenotypic features associated with the inheritance of many genes, the infection among them and the environment.
Leg size, height, and weight are quantitative traits because there are many genes involved in their expression patterns.
Both quantitative and qualitative (monogenic) traits are selected in the natural populations via natural selection.
In conclusion, it is expected that leg size is a quantitative trait.
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Homologous chromosomes have genes that are located at the same location of the partner chromosomes. Group of answer choices True False
Answer:True
Explanation:
All of these choices are correct. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
Homologous chromosomes are pairs from each parent. They have the same genes at the same loci on each chromosome, yet they may have distinct alleles. Meiosis, which creates gametes (sperm and eggs) for sexual reproduction, requires these homologous couples.
Crossover of homologous chromosomes during meiosis creates genetic variation in children. Homologous chromosomes guarantee that kids acquire genetic material from both parents, promoting genetic variety and evolution. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
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Your question is incomplete but your full question was:
Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is true?
They are matching chromosomes.
They have the same genes located at the same location.
One of each pair comes from each parent.
All of these choices are correct.
How does variation contribute to evolution?
A. Variation causes changes in the DNA, some of which are passed on, changing the species slightly each generation.
B. Variation changes an organism over time, allowing them to evolve slowly as they grow.
C. Variation does not contribute to evolution.
D. Variation produces a great variety of advantages for natural selection to select, through the process of Mitosis.
abc or d with a simple explanation
pls be sure of your answer
Variations contributes to evolution through : ( D ) Variation produces a great variety of advantages for natural selection to select, through the process of Mitosis
Effect of genetic variationsGene variants affect evolution, evolution is the process by which population changes over generations and these changes are caused by genetic variations which produces a great variety of advantages for natural selection to select through the process of mitosis. Gene alteration introduces different traits in organisms which are advantageous.
Hence we can conclude that Variations contributes to evolution through Variation produces a great variety of advantages for natural selection to select, through the process of Mitosis
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