Which domain is considered to be the oldest?

b. 14,700 J

Because,

Potential energy

= m.g.h

= 30 kg × 9.8m.s^-1 × 50m

= 14700 kg.m^2.s^-2

= 14700 J

The history of science is also a history of people resisting new discoveries that conflict with conventional wisdom.

When Galileo promoted Copernicus’ theory that the Earth revolves around the sun – counter to church doctrine about the Earth being the center of the universe – he wound up condemned by the Roman Inquisition in 1633. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution – that new species develop as a result of natural selection on inherited traits – ran into opposition because it contradicted long-held scientific, political and religious beliefs. Alfred Wegener’s 1912 proposal that Earth’s continents move relative to each other – the theory of continental drift – was rejected for decades, in part because scientists held fast to the traditional theories they’d spent careers developing.

These kinds of examples aren’t only historical, unfortunately. We’re used to hearing about how the general public can be dense about science. You might expect some portion of everyday folks to take their time coming around on truly groundbreaking ideas that run counter to what they’ve always thought.

But scientists, too, hold their own personal beliefs – by definition, based on old ways of thinking – that may be holding back the innovation that’s at the heart of science. And that’s a problem. It’s one thing for an average Joe to resist evolving scientific theories. It’s quite another if a scientist’s preconceived notions holds us back from discovering the new and unknown – whether that’s a cure for Zika or a cutting-edge technology to combat climate change.

Personal beliefs as publication roadblocks

Real scientific progress occurs when laboratory or field research is reported to the public. With luck, the finding is accepted and put into practice, cures are developed, social policies are instituted, educational practices are improved and so on.

This usually occurs though publication of the research in scientific journals. There’s an important step between the lab and publication that laypeople may not know about – the evaluation of the research by other scientists. These other scientists are peers of the researcher, typically working in a closely related area. This middle step is commonly referred to as peer review.

In a perfect world, peer review is supposed to determine if the study is solid, based on the quality of the research. It’s meant to be an unbiased evaluation of whether the findings should be reported via journal publication. This important step prevents sloppy research from reaching the public.

However, in the real world, scientists are human beings and are often biased. They let their own beliefs influence their peer reviews. For example, numerous reports indicate that scientists rate research more favorably if the findings agree with their prior beliefs. Worst of all, these prior beliefs often have nothing to do with science but are simply the scientists’ personal views.

‘But that’s counter to what I thought…’

How is this a problem for scientific innovation? Let’s look at how some personal beliefs could prevent innovative science from reaching the public.

Minorities aren’t good at STEM.” The stereotype that “women are not good at math” is commonly held – and also happens to be incorrect. If a scientist holds this personal belief, then he is likely to judge any research done by women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) more negatively – not because of its quality, but because of his own personal belief.

For instance, some studies have shown that female STEM applicants in academia are judged more harshly than their male counterparts. Because of this gender bias, it may take a female STEM researcher more time and effort before her work reaches the public.

Some racial minorities face similar kinds of bias. For example, one study found that black applicants are less likely to receive research funding from the U.S. National Institutes of Health than equivalently qualified whites. That’s a major roadblock to these researchers advancing their work.

However, people often believe that comic books are just low-brow entertainment for kids. If a scientist holds this personal belief, then she’s likely to judge any psychology research using comic books more negatively. Because of this, scientists like me who focus on comic books may not be able to publish in the most popular psychology journals. As a result, fewer people will ever see this research.

The history of psychology supplies one example. Behaviorism was psychology’s dominant school of thought for the first part of the 20th century, relying on observed behavior to provide insights. Its devotees rejected new techniques for studying psychology. During behaviorism’s reign, any talk of internal processes of the mind was considered taboo. One of the pioneers of the subsequent cognitive revolution, George A. Miller, said “using ‘cognitive’ was an act of defiance.” Luckily for us, he was defiant and published one of the most highly cited papers in psychology.

The scientific endeavor requires belief. There would be no science if people didn't have faith in the objectivity of other scientists' work.

New techniques, new galaxies, new planets, and potentially even the existence of life on them are just a few of the previously unthinkable possibilities that science has made feasible. Further possibility lies in the future.

Scientism is a very odd word, but for reasons we will see, it is an important one. Despite being a relatively new term, it is connected to numerous other “isms” that have a long and violent history.

The moral standing of professors and mentors, the order and understanding of nature, and the compatibility of reason and truth.

Therefore, scientific discovery in today’s world that has been overshadowed by popular belief.

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Answer:

In the last 50 years or so of the Ming Dyansties, the emperor simply lacked the necessary resources and man power to sustain large amounts of trade, causing China to become isolated from the world.

Explanation:

Answer: Chiasmata are specialized chromatin structures that link homologous chromosomes together until anaphase I (Figs. 45.1 and 45.10). They form at sites where programmed DNA breaks generated by Spo11 undergo the full recombination pathway to generate crossovers. At a given chiasma, an exchange of genetic material can occur between both chromatids, what is called a chromosomal crossover, but this is much more frequent during meiosis than mitosis. In meiosis, absence of a chiasma generally results in improper chromosomal segregation and aneuploidy.

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A space ship's momentum will continue to carry it forward indefinitely at a constant speed after the engines are turned off.

Momentum in a simple way is a quantity of motion. Here quantity is measurable because if an object is moving and has mass, then it has momentum. If an object does not move then it has no momentum.

Momentum, finance, refers to the capacity for a price trend to sustain itself going forward. Strong momentum can continue in an upward or downward trend, which can be confirmed by changes in trading volume and other technical indicators.

Momentum is how we measure mass that is in motion. Any moving object will have momentum. Under the law of physics, the object's momentum equals mass times velocity. Momentum is affected by the parameters' mass as well as velocity.

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Answer:

Habitat diversity.

Explanation:

Biodiversity means the diversity of living organisms that make up land and water, as well as the diversity within different species, between species and ecosystems. Biodiversity is not only the overall diversity of forms and phenomena of flora and fauna but also the diversity of the function of living organisms.

Answer:

I think it might be C. .......

Explanation:

Answer:

BLOSUM

Explanation:

A substitution matrix is a matrix used in bioinformatics (and also in computational biology) to determine/estimate the rate at which one character -which is specified by a nucleotide sequence in nucleic acid alignments or by one amino acid in protein alignments-, changed to another character during the course of the evolution. The BLOcks SUbstitution Matrix (popularly known as BLOSUM) is a substitution matrix used to score one amino acid for another in a protein alignment. The BLOSUM substitution matrix is particularly useful to compare evolutionarily conserved regions between protein sequences and thus score their alignments, where each entry is indicated by a similarity score between two amino acids.

Answer:

Disease

Ph level

Water availability

Soil type

Explanation:

Answer:

Cold

Explanation

Weather conditions on Mars

Mars is an extremely cold planet with an average temperature around minus-80 degrees. Temperatures can dip to minus-225 degrees around the poles. Periods of warmth are brief — highs can reach 70 degrees for a brief time around Noon at the equator in the summer.

Answer:

D. energy is released

Explanation:

In the process of hydrolysis, a phosphate group is removed and energy is released. This then converts the ATP molecule into ADP (adenosine diphosphate).

Answer:

The correct answer is - Ping pong Mechanism.

Explanation:

The ping pong mechanism of the enzyme is a non-sequential mechanism of two-substrate enzymatic reaction in which product is produced after the binding with the first substrate.

After the produced form due to the binding of the enzyme to the first substrate, it changes into a temporary form that binds with the second substrate and completes the reaction.

Thus, The correct answer is - Ping pong Mechanism.

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Answer:

Hi, I belive the correct answer your looking for is C. Avoid Uv radiation by wearing sunscreen.

Explanation:

Why?- Well the first two A,B are incorrect because X-rays cant really protect you from Uv radiation and The last one D a tanning bed are you kidding me nope definitely wrong.

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Answer:

Surface water <---> river

Ground water <------> well

Water vapour <------> atmosphere

Glacier <-------> ice

Explanation:

Answer:

Plato

Explanation:

Answer:

producers

Explanation:

producers are usually plants and veggies/ fruits. These producers don't get their energy from other organisims. They get it from sunlight and water etc. They are the end stage of the food chain.

Answer:

Yes.

Explanation:

The Sun is a medium sized star

Answer:

The options are not given but they are gotten from another websites.

A. Capillaries surrounding the brain have no pores and are surrounded by membranes of astrocyte cells.

B. Capillaries surrounding the brain have pores and are surrounded by membranes of astrocyte cells.

C. Capillaries surrounding the brain have no pores and are not surrounded by membranes of astrocyte cells.

D. Capillaries surrounding the brain have pores and are not surrounded by membranes of astrocyte cells.

The correct answer is option A.

Capillaries surrounding the brain have no pores and are surrounded by membranes of astrocyte cells.

Explanation:

Capillaries surrounding the brain have no pores and are surrounded by membranes of astrocyte cells because

Capillaries are tiny blood vessels in the circulatory system that connect aterioles to venules. They are the most abundant or they are much blood vessels. They can penetrate the tissues of the body which allow passage of food nutrients, oxygen in the body thereby allowing exchange of nutrients and oxygen between the body tissues and the blood.

Capillaries surrounding the brain have no pores and are surrounded by membranes of astrocyte cells while capillaries in the periphery Capillaries surrounding the brain have pores and are not surrounded by membranes of astrocyte cells.

Answer:

Human beings continue to grow till the age of 20.

Answer:

most people don't reach full maturity until the age of 25

Answer:

energy c

Explanation:

Its

Answer:

energy

Explanation:

Answer:

Sweating

Explanation:

Sweating is your body's way of naturally reducing body temperature. By sweating, your body releases heat then the sweat on your body cools down, eventually, cooling your body down.

Answer:

if your talking about heat, then the body starts sweating to cool its self down.

Explanation:

Answer:

A microaerophilic organism grows only in the middle depth area of a Fluid Thioglycollate Medium tube because the mid area of the tube has moderate levels of oxygen and significantly higher amounts of carbon dioxide.

Explanation:

A microaerophile organism is one that cannot survive or thrive in a region with normal levels of atmospheric oxygen. It prefers environments with a lower concentration of oxygen and higher amounts of carbon dioxide.

Fluid Thioglycollate Medium tube is used during experiments to determine which organisms are aerobes (that is can thrive well in and require oxygen to survive), from those which are anaerobes (cannot tolerate oxygen and may die in its presence) and microaerophilic organisms.

At the bottom of the Fluid Thioglycollate Medium tube, there is zero oxygen whilst at the top, there is lots of oxygen. Towards the midsection, there is less oxygen and more carbon dioxide. The Thioglycollate mixture contains the following:

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Answer:

A garden is a ecosystem that is near my house.  the biodiversity of garden is fresh green leaves for caterpillars, and floral resources (pollen and nectar) for pollinators.

Explanation:

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Mark me brainlist plzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz

Answer:

*deep breath* I HAVE no clue what so ever I'm so sorry XD

Explanation:

Answer:

Peristaltic action ensures food is pushed through the Esophagus.

hope it helps!

Answer:

Sorry, not funny.

Answer:

don't get it

Explanation:

have a nice day!!! :)

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