Which area of science is considered the central science?

The three types of nitrogenous wastes are urea, ammonia and uric acid. ammonia is high toxic nitrogen waste and uric acid is least toxic nitrogen waste.

What are nitrogenous wastes?

Nitrogenous wastes are those substances which are produced during protein metabolism process.

Proteins are nitrogen containing substances and when metabolism process occurs the extra amount of nitrogen is released from the body in the form of waste.

In animals all these nitrogenous wastes are discharged from the body in different forms.

However, the most common way of discharging these waste products is feces and urine.

Moreover, the nitrogenous waste associated wit fish is ammonia.

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Answer:

zinc tetraoxosulphate (vi) solution was electrolysed in such a way that 0.5ampere flowed for 32minutes 10 was seconds deposing 0.325g of zinc at the cathode calculate:

on zoo_m

code :7201934829

pass : 1234

the number of moles of zinc deposited : the number of coulomb of electricity required to deposit 1mole of zinc: the charge on a zinc ion (1f=96500c,zn=65

The sp3 hybridization has a 1 s orbital and 3 p orbitals. Hence, it has a percentage of 25% s and 75% p characters.

Sp3 hybridization is the mixing character of one 2s orbital and three 2p orbitals that create 4 hybrid orbitals with similar characteristics. The sp3 hybridization affects the molecular geometry to the shape of tetrahedral. This shape is created by bonding an atom to 4 other atoms that arrange with a bond angle of 109.5 degrees. Some compounds that have sp3 hybridization are ethane, methane, and diamond. Those compounds have 25% s character and 75% p character.

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Relationship between the mass difference and the difference in percent solution is the mass percent give the ratio between the mass of a component in a mixture and the total mass of the mixture

Percent by mass is in term of the masses of the solute and the solution and it is ratio of the mass of solute to the total mass of the solution and percent by volume on the other hand is in term of the volume of the solute and the solution and the difference between mass percent and percent composition is that mass percent give ratio between the mass of a component in a mixture and total mass of the mixture

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It enables us to determine which materials will float and which materials will sink when dissolved in a liquid. Density equals mass/volume and does not depend on shape or size, which allows it to be useful in identifying unknown substances.

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The final pressure can be calculated using Boyle's law. The final pressure of the gas if the volume is increased from 3.98 L to 5.30 L is obtained as 526.4 mmHg.

Boyle's law states that at constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas. Hence, volume decreases with increase in pressure and vice versa.

If P₁ and V₁ be the initial pressure and volume respectively and P₂, V₂ be their final quantities, then the relation between them can be written as:

P₁  V₁  =  P₂ V₂ .

It is given that the initial volume and pressure is 3.98 L and 701 mmHg, and the final volume is 5.30 L. Then, the final pressure is calculated as follows:

P₂ =  P₁  V₁ / V₂

    = (3.98  L × 701 mm Hg) / 5.30 L

    = 526.4 mmHg.

Hence, the final pressure of the gas will be 526.4 mmHg.

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Your question is incomplete, but your complete question probably was:

A sample of gas has an initial volume of 3.98 L at a pressure of 701 mmHg If the volume of the gas is increased to 5.30 L, what is the pressure? (Assume constant temperature.)

Absorbance of the solution in a 1. 00 cm cell at 500 nm is 0.161

Absorption measure the amount of light of a particular wavelength that a particular substances block from passing and the two main factor that affect absorption are substances concentration and optical path length and the net absorption rate is calculated using the formula of the total vacant area at the beginning of the period plus square feet

Here given data is

Percentage transmittance of the sample = 15.6 %

Therefore absorbance 2 - log (%T) = 2 - log(15.6) = 0.8069

Then use beer's law :

A = ε×c×l

Where ε = molar absorptivity of the solution

c = concentration of the solution

l = path length of the solution

Then A = 0.8069 and l = 5.00 cm

0.8069 =  ε×c×(5.00cm)

ε×c = 0.16138cm⁻¹

For the next part then assume that  ε×c remain constant and we have

A' = ε×c×l  where l = 1.00cm

Then put the values

A' =  (0.16138cm⁻¹)×(1.00cm) = 0.16138

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The property of every mixture is right response is D)One substance can be separated from another through physical means.

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Rebecca made a mixture of raisins, nuts, and dried fruit for a snack then kind of mixture was rebecca’s snack is heterogenous mixture

A mixture is composed of one or more pure substances in varying composition and a pure substances or a homogenous mixture consist of a single phase and a heterogenous mixture consist of two or more phases and when oil and water are combined and they do not mix evenly and but instead form two separate  layer and each of the layer is called a phase and here is a mixture of raisins, nuts, and dried fruit that's why it is different fruits are seen so it is the heterogenous mixture

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Response: 25 g. According to the law of conservation of mass, mass is maintained throughout a chemical process.

The elements, including such zinc, helium, or oxygen, as well as compounds comprised of components like water, carbon dioxide, or salt, as well as more complicated materials, such as your computer, the air you breathe, rainfall, a chicken, a car, etc., are examples of chemicals.

Chemical processes occur when atoms form or break chemical bonds. The molecules that start a chemical reaction are known as reactants, and the molecules that are produced as the result of the process are known as products.

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As the effective nuclear charge of an atom increases the atomic radii decreases and the ionization energy increases.

Effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge experienced by an single electron in an multi electron atom. The term “effective” is used because of  the shielding effect of negatively charged electrons that prevents higher orbital electrons from experiencing the full nuclear charge.

So keeping this concept in mind we can say that as the effective nuclear charge on any atom increases the atomic radii or the size of the atom decreases. This is because as the the effective nuclear charge increases the electrons that are present in the orbit are pulled closer to the nucleus, so if the effective nuclear charge is more then the electrons are pulled more towards the nucleus and therefore the size or rhe atomic radii decreases

Now if we talk about the ionization energies, ionization energy is the energy required to remove the outer most electron from the orbit to form the ion. So if the effective nuclear charge is more for an atom then obviously the size of the atom would be less and because of this it will be difficult to remove the outermost electron as it is strongly attracted towards the nucleus. Hence the ionization energy will be more.

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Answer:

Explanation:.

Oxygen saturation would be affected if an individual has defective hexokinase enzymes is 2,3 - BPG levels are reduced and oxygen binding increases.

Oxygen saturation can be defined as the measure of amount of hemoglobin bound with the oxygen and comparted to the amount of hemoglobin unbounded to the oxygen atom. 2,3 BPG allows the hemoglobin to increase the amount of oxygen. 2,3 bpg is 2.3 Bi phospho glycerate.  it increases the supply of oxygen to the tissues by hemoglobin binding.

Thus, Oxygen saturation would be affected if an individual has defective hexokinase enzymes is 2,3 - BPG levels are reduced and oxygen binding increases.

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The final concentration of the hydroxide ions is 0.163 M.

We have to obtain the number of moles of each of the reactants. This would help us to be able to obtain the final concentration of the hydroxide ions.

Number of moles of the acid = 27.375 g/63 g/mol

= 0.43 moles

Number of moles of strontium hydroxide = 47.0 g/122 g/mol

= 0.39 moles

It is clear that the hydroxide is the limiting reactant

Number of moles of the hydroxide ion = 0.39 moles/2 = 0.195 moles

Volume of the solution = 1.2 L

Concentration of the solution = Number of moles/ volume

= 0.195 moles/ 1.2 L

= 0.163 M

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The end products of the metabolic pathway are acetyl groups of acetyl CoA molecules and these acetyl groups directly enter the citric acid cycle.

Beta-oxidation is a four-step process, which keeps  repeating until the fatty acid is completely broken down. Steps are dehydrogenation, hydration, oxidation, and thiolysis.

Dehydrogenation is catalyzed by Acyl-CoA-dehydrogenase that coverts FAD to FADH2 for the formation of a double bond between C2 and C3.

Beta oxidation of fatty acids takes place inside mitochondria in which two carbon atoms are removed in the form of acetyl-CoA from acyl-CoA at  carboxyl terminal. Then the bond is broken between the second beta carbon and the third gamma carbon, hence it is called beta oxidation.

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The respiratory system brings in oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. The circulatory system moves the blood around the body. The digestive system breaks down food and absorbs the nutrients.

What is digestive system?
The gastrointestinal tract and additional digestive organs make up the human digestive system (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). Food is broken down during digestion into ever-smaller pieces so that they can be absorbed as well as assimilate by the body. The cephalic phase, the gastric phase, as well as the intestinal phase are the three stages of the digestive process. The cephalic phase of digestion starts with gastric gland secretions in response to the smell and sight of food. In this stage, food is mechanically broken down by chewing and chemically broken down in the mouth by digestive enzymes. The salivary as well as serous glands on the tongue secrete the digestive enzymes lingual lipase and amylase, which are found in saliva.

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The total combined mass of carbon dioxide and water that is produced is 196kg.

Mass is the quantity of matter in a physical body. It is also a measure of the body's inertia, the resistance to acceleration when a net force is applied. An object's mass also determines the strength of its gravitational attraction to other bodies. The SI base unit of mass is the kilogram.

How to calculate the total combined mass of carbon dioxide and water that is produced?

The reaction is written as follows :
Gasoline + 0₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
According to the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of reactants must be equal to the total mass of products as during a reaction, the overall mass of the system remains constant.

So the total mass of reactants is 43kg + 153kg = 196kg

Since mass reactants is equal to the combined mass of products, therefore, combined mass of carbon dioxide and water produced is 196kg.

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If we wanted to produce 4 moles of SO3 gas, we needed to react: 4 moles of SO2. This is because SO2 to SO3 coefficient ratio is 2:2.

To determine how many moles we need to react, first, we got to write the balanced chemical equation of this reaction:

2SO2(g) + O2(g) --> 2SO3(g)

The number of coefficients is equal to the ratio of moles. The ratio of SO2: SO3 is 2:2. As we want to produce 4 moles of SO3 gas, the amount of SO2 we would need to react will also be 4 moles. Hence, the correct answer is 4 moles of SO2.

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Answer: B

Explanation:

''Muscle tissue is composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts''

Considering the definition of isotopes and atomic mass of an element, the percent of each isotope is 16.5% abundant for Camerium-111 and 83.5% abundant for Camerium-113.

The same chemical element can be made up of different atoms, where their atomic numbers are the same, but the number of neutrons is different. Thus the isotopes of the element are formed.

The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average mass of its natural isotopes. This is, the atomic mass of a chemical element is usually calculated as the weighted average of the masses of the different isotopes of each element, considering the relative abundance of each of them.

In this case, you know:

Then, the average mass can be expressed as:

111x + 113×(1-x)= 112.67

Solving:

111x + 113×1 -113x= 112.67

111x + 113 -113x= 112.67

111x -113x= 112.67 -113

(-2)x= (-0.33)

x= (-0.33)÷(-2)

x=0.165= 16.5%

Finally, the percent of each isotope is:

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mCPBA is a useful reagent for epoxide formation and ketone-to-ester formation. It epoxidizes alkene to epoxide and also oxidizes ketone to ester. So we can't selectively epoxidize an alkene if both alkene and ketones are present.

Purified mCPBA is a useful reagent for the oxidation of various classes of aldehydes. α-branched aliphatic aldehydes undergo Baeyer-Villiger oxidation to form formates. α-branched α,β-unsaturated aldehydes yield enol formates and/or epoxides, and α-hydroxylated aldehydes yield ketones.

Most aldehydes and ketones have a low ceiling temperature below ambient temperature. That is, these compounds do not polymerize above room temperature. MCPBA is a strong oxidant comparable to other peracids. The advantage of 3-chloroperbenzoic acid is its handling.

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Sugar and salt both dissolves in water because both are hydrophilic in nature.

The water molecule is the polar compound. water is the covalent compound but polar in nature that means oxygen is the more electronegative so it contains partial negative and the hydrogen has the partial positive charges. sugar and salt both are hydrophilic in nature means water loving. salt contains ionic bond means molecule have full charges and sugar  contain polar bond or polar covalent bond means contains partial charges. salt dissociates in water and forms ion and interact with the partial charges on water. sugar have polar covalent bond and interact with partial charges on the water and dissolve as well.

Thus, Sugar and salt both dissolves in water because both are hydrophilic in nature.

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The percent yield of NH₃ for the reaction is 75%

Percent yield is the percent ratio of actual yield to the theoretical yield

The first thing that you need to do here is to calculate the theoretical yield of the reaction that is if the reaction has 100% yield then

The balanced chemical equation

N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃

This tell you that every 1 mole of nitrogen gas that takes part in the reaction will consume 3 moles of hydrogen gas and produce 1 mole of ammonia and here that 1 mole of nitrogen gas react with 1 mole of hydrogen gas and since enough hydrogen gas to ensure that all moles of nitrogen gas can react

3 mole H₂ > 1 mole H₂

1 mole H₂×2 mole NH₃/3mole H₂ = 0.667 mole NH₃

So at 100% yield this represent the reaction thereotical yield

Now that reaction produced 0.50 moles of ammonia then this represent the reaction actual yield

In order to find the % yield you have to figure out how many moles of ammonia are actually produced for every 100 moles of ammonia that could theoretically be produced

Then 0.667 moles will produce 0.50 moles so you can say that

100 moles NH₃ in theory ×0.50 moles NH₃ actual/0.667 moles of NH₃ actual = 75 moles of NH₃

Therefore, you can say that the reaction has a percent yield equal to

%yield = 75%

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The percent yield of lead (II) iodide is 90.6 %.

A insoluble lead (II) iodide salt is produced as this is a precipitation reaction.

The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is given as:

Pb(NO₃)₂ (aq) + 2 KI (aq) → PbI₂ (s) + 2 KNO₃ (aq)

Moles of Pb(NO₃)₂ in the reactant side = 10 × 1/331.2 g = 0.0302 mol

Lead (II) nitrate is the limiting reagent as KI is in excess.

Theoretical yield of PbI₂ = 0.0302 mol × 461.01 g/ 1 mol

                                        = 13.9 g

Actual yield of PbI₂ = 12.6 g

Percent yield of PbI₂ in product side = 12.6 g/13.9 g × 100%

                                                            = 90.6%

Hence, the percent yield of lead (II) iodide is 90.6 %.

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Answer:

below

Explanation:

Zn mole wt =65.38     145 / 65.38 =2.2 moles

S  mole wt = 32             36/32 = 1.1 mole

From the balanced equation you need 8 moles of Zn for each mole of S

     so you are very short of Zn <=====limiting reactant

there is a 1:1  ratio of the moles of Zn to ZnS produced....so you will get 2.2 moles of ZnS    (but you will only use .275 mole of the sulfur)

To solve such this we must know the concept of displacement reaction. To remove cobalt ions from a solution, we need strip of zinc as zinc is on top of activity series.

Chemical reaction is a process in which two or more than two molecules collide in right orientation and energy to form a new chemical compound. The mass of the overall reaction should be conserved. There are so many types of chemical reaction reaction like combination reaction,  displacement reaction.

In displacement reaction one metal displace the other metal from its compound. The activity series is Zinc >Cobalt>tin. To remove cobalt from a solution, we need a metal which is more reactive than cobalt, which is zinc.

Therefore, to remove cobalt ions from a solution, we need strip of zinc.

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The empirical formula of the given hydrocarbon is CH2 .

What is a combustion reaction?

A fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, typically atmospheric oxygen, undergo a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction that results in oxidized, frequently gaseous products and a mixture known as smoke. Since a flame only appears when substances undergoing combustion evaporate, combustion does not always result in fire, but when it does, a flame is a distinctive sign of the event. The heat from a flame may be enough energy to make the reaction self-sustaining, even though the activation energy must be overcome to initiate combustion (such as when using a lit match to start a fire).

A convoluted series of simple radical reactions frequently occurs during combustion.

The given reaction is ,

CH2(g)+3O2(g)→2CO2(g)+2H2O(I)

Hence, the empirical formula of the given hydrocarbon is CH2 .

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To find the volume, known grahams law of diffusion.

What is grahams law of diffusion?

The rate of diffusion or effusion of a gas is inversely related to its square root of molar mass, according to Graham's Law. The majority of the time, particles in a material that are in a low-concentration area will move to a high-concentration area. When we spray scented air freshener or perfume in one area of the room and then we can smell it throughout the entire space, this process is easily illustrated. The SI unit for the diffusion coefficient is square meters per second (m2/s).

What is Volume ?

The amount of cubic space a three-dimensional object takes up (measured in inches, quarts, or centimeters): square footage.

Therefore, the same volume of helium to pass through the hole under the same conditions will be same.

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The properties of common alloys include the following:

This is referred to as a type of substance which is composed of two or more elements. It comprises of at least a metal and is of various types which include bronze which is made up of copper and tin and brass which is made up of copper and zinc.

Most alloys are corrosive resistant because they aren't easily oxidized when exposed to aerobic conditions. They are also good conductors of heat and electricity due to their high degree of hardness and toughness which makes them tightly packed together thereby favoring flow of electrons and is the reason why they are different from their parts and is therefore the correct choice.

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