The pathologist will make a cut across the crown of the head, from the bony bump behind one ear to the bump behind the other, if a brain autopsy is necessary.
An autopsy called a necropsy is what?The examination of an animal after death is known as a necropsy. A necropsy is often performed to identify the cause of death or the severity of the illness. A thorough procedure of dissection, observation, interpretation, and documenting is required for this.
What is an autopsy with an exterior examination?The term "external inspection" refers to a thorough description of the deceased's remains, including any scars, incisions, devices, tattoos, etc. The body is not cut within, and the organs are not looked at.
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which factors are considered environmental factors that can cause genetic effects? (select all that apply.)
The factors that can can cause genetic effects For example, UV radiation can smash DNA strands.
Sometimes the surroundings modifications a gene—both its DNA collection or its pastime level. Either of those consequences can alternate the proteins which can be crafted from a gene, which in flip influences traits. Some dangerous environmental elements can alternate a gene's nucleotide collection.
Environmental elements along with diet, temperature, oxygen levels, humidity, mild cycles, and the presence of mutagens can all effect which of an animal's genes are expressed, which in the long run influences the animal's phenotype. Similarly, drugs, chemicals, temperature, and mild are a few of the outside environmental elements which can decide which genes are grew to become on and off, thereby influencing the manner an organism develops and functions.
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What is the part of the cell cycle process by which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus? Responses A meiosis.meiosis. B mitosis.mitosis. C cytokinesis.cytokinesis. D telekinesis.telekinesis.
The part of the cell cycle that processes by which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus is known as Mitosis. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.
What is the Cell cycle?The cell cycle may be defined as the entire sequence of events that may happen from the end of one nuclear division to the beginning of the next. The complete cell cycle is divided into two phases. They are as follows;
Interphase.M phase (Division phase).During interphase, the cell prepares for division by increasing its size and replicating genetic material. While the M phase involves the division of the cell nucleus. By the M phase, chromosomes present in the nucleus are separated into two daughter nuclei which leads to the formation of genetically identical daughter cells.
Therefore, the correct option for this question is B.
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Unlike signal transduction in many other sensory receptors, signal transduction in rods?
results in hyperpolarization of the sensory cell.
does not involve the participation of a G protein.
takes place entirely in the plasma membrane.
involves a second messenger.
Suppose a mutation greatly increases the affinity of a rod’s sodium channels for cGMP, such that once cGMP binds to a channel, it remains bound for much longer than normal. What would be the effect of this mutation on the rod’s sodium channels?
The sodium channels would open and close randomly, regardless of the presence of light.
The sodium channels would remain closed in the light and the dark, even when cGMP decreases after light stimulation.
The sodium channels would remain open in the dark and close rapidly in the light.
The sodium channels would remain open longer, even when cGMP decreases after light stimulation.
Brings about the sense cell becoming hyperpolarized. Even when cGMP drops following light stimulation, the sodium channels would stay open for a longer period of time.
What functions does your body's plasma serve?55% of the total volume of your blood is made up of the liquid substance called plasma. In addition to circulating throughout the circulatory system, plasma is essential for your body's ability to heal after damage, deliver nutrients, eliminate waste, and prevent infection.
Do you benefit from giving plasma?You become more conscious of your food in other ways as well after donating plasma. Additionally, your physical health could benefit from it. The possibility of lowering bad cholesterol levels and raising good cholesterol, particularly in women, is one health advantage of routine plasma donation.
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Where did information processing become increasingly centered in terrestrial vertebrates?.
Answer:
forebrain
Explanation:
cells synthesize a variety of complex molecules to include proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates. a large majority of the molecules that cells make are proteins. which three organelles are most involved in synthesizing proteins?
The nucleus is one of the organelles involved in protein synthesis. Ribosomes. Endocytic reticulum in rough (RER).
The primary location for protein production is this organelle?The primary location for protein synthesis is the ribosome, which can be found inside the rough endoplasmic reticulum or floating in the cytoplasm. Building chains of amino acid molecules known as polypeptide chains, the ribosome reads the mRNA and then tRNA molecules add amino acid molecules.
Who produces proteins?Cells create proteins through a process known as protein synthesis. Transcription and translation take place simultaneously. The conversion of genetic information from DNA to mRNA in the nucleus is known as transcription.
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A red four o'clock flower (RR) is crossed with a white four o'clock flower (WW) and the resulting F1 offspring are all pink (RW). If two of the pink offspring are crossed, what proportion of genotypes would you expect to see in the F2 generation?
A.1 RW: 2 RR: 1 WW
B.2 RR: 1 RW: 1 WW
C.1RR: 2 RW: 1 WW
D.4 RR: 0 RW: 0 WW
E.2 RR: 0 RW: 2 WW
thrombopoietin (tpo) is a hormone which stimulates the differentiation, maturation, and release of platelets from the bone marrow. which organs produce this hormone?
Thrombopoietin(TPO) is a hormone which stimulates differentiation, maturation and release of platelets from bone marrow. Organ which produce this hormone is liver.
What is Thrombopoietin?Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a 332 amino acid glycoprotein made in the liver that stimulates the formation of megakaryocytes from CFU-Meg.
TPO is physiologically relevant regulator of platelet production that acts to amplify the basal production rate of megakaryocytes and platelets.
Thrombopoietin is produced in the liver by both parenchymal cells and sinusoidal endothelial cells, as well as in the kidney by proximal convoluted tubule cells but small amounts are made by striated muscle and bone marrow stromal cells.
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Why mitosis is necessary for growth?
In living organisms, mitosis helps with tissue repair and size expansion.
Before mitosis starts, the chromosomes have duplicated and the proteins that make up the spindle of the mitotic cell have been produced. Prophase is when mitosis begins, as shown by the chromosomes thickening and coiling. The nucleolus, an expanding sphere, collapses and disappears.
The commencement of a collection of fibers organizing to form a spindle and the breakdown of the nuclear membrane, respectively, mark the beginning and end of prophase.
Traditionally, mitosis is divided into five phases: Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, and Cytokinesis.
Prophase:- Prophase is the initial stage of cell division in both mitosis and meiosis. DNA replication begins after interphase and begins when the cell reaches prophase. The essential processes occur during prophase, including chromatin reticulum condensing and nucleolus disappearing.
Prometaphase:- Prometaphase, the second stage of mitosis, is the division of the duplicated genetic material present in a parent cell's nucleus into two identical daughter cells. Prometaphase is characterized by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, a protective physical layer around the nucleus.
Metaphase:- Chromosomes enter mitosis, also known as metaphase, during the second most tightly wound and condensed condition of the eukaryotic cell cycle. Before being split into the two daughter cells, the genetically encoded chromosomes align at the cell's equator.
Anaphase:- The mitotic stage known as anaphase follows the metaphase procedure, which divides replicated chromosomes and transfers the freshly copied chromosomes to opposing poles of the cell.
Telophase:- When the chromosomes migrate in opposing directions during the telophase, the process of cell division's last phase, two new cells can be created from a single cell. When a cell completes the process of meiosis or mitosis, it enters a phase where it is effectively getting ready to split into two new cells.
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drag each of the following labels into the appropriate box to identify which motor division of the peripheral nervous system is identified by the given function.
The peripheral nervous system is simply divided into 2 types, which are the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
SOMATIC - Voluntary
principally involved with movement "of" body skeletal muscles activation
AUTONOMIC - Involuntary
lacrimal gland activation
intestinal smooth muscle activation
principally involved with movement "through" body
sweat gland activation
arrector pili activation
can be excitatory or inhibitory on target organ
What is peripheral nervous system (PNS) ?The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is the simply known as the division of the nervous system that has all the nerves that is found outside of the central
centralnervous system (CNS).
Its primary role is to connect the central nervous system to various organs such as the limbs, and skin. simply divided into 2 types, which are the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
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how do veins differ arteries and capilleries in their structure and function
Hello,
Vascular smooth muscle (VSM), which is present in ALL arteries regardless of size, has a different role depending on the kind of artery. Similar to a stretched rubber band returning to its original size, a major conduit artery like the aorta has a lot of elastic tissue inside of it, which enables it to expand during systole and then elastically recoil to shrink back to its original diameter during diastole. This function smooths out the difference between systolic and diastolic pressures during each cardiac cycle, preventing systemic blood pressure from experiencing as much variation in pressure as the Because of this, we refer to the major arteies as acting as a pressure reservoir.
The VSM becomes increasingly significant as arteries narrow, and by the time you reach the arterioles, the so-called resistance vessels, you have VSM capable of causing significant changes in artery width. This is what regulates blood pressure and blood flow to certain tissues. Both the autonomic nervous system and regional cues from the tissue being fed play a complicated role in controlling artery VSM.
Capillaries are just a single layer of endothelial cells backed by some basement membrane; they lack a VSM and elastic tissue. Due to their extreme thinness, they serve their primary purpose as exchange vessels, which allows for the quick exchange of nutrients, wastes, and gases (O2, CO2). functioning as a pressure reservoir.
Veins serve as a large volume reservoir for the cardiovascular system because they have less elastic tissue than arteries and are more compliant (they stretch easier). In fact, the venous system contains around 70% of all blood volume at any given time. Veins are therefore referred to as "capacitance vessels" for this reason. Veins also have autonomic-controlled VSM that can contract, sending more blood back to the heart so that more can be put into the arterial system—for example, during emergency situations like major blood loss or during exercise. This volume reservoir can be used as needed. Return of blood to the heart (so-called venous return) is also helped by veins' compliance--as muscles contract, they can easily squeeze the veins, to propel blood back to the heart, and their one-way valves ensure that the flow goes one way.
Thanks,
Eddie
Answer:
Explanation:
Arteries transport blood away from the heart. Veins return blood back toward the heart. Capillaries surround body cells and tissues to deliver and absorb oxygen, nutrients, and other substances. The capillaries also connect the branches of arteries and to the branches of veins.
PLSSS HELP IF YOU TURLY KNOW THISS
Answer:
B, polluting.
flooding is Natural, documenting wouldn't hurt anything,and photographing wouldn't hurt anything.
Answer:
pollutiong
Explanation:
polluting is when some habitat is getting harmed by a chemical or physical substance such as acid or things like plastic
explain why food molecules need to be broken down into smaller molecules to get energy from them in biological systems.
Before our cells can utilise the proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides that make up the majority of the food molecules we consume—either as a source of energy or as building blocks for other molecules—they must be divided into smaller molecules.
Why do food molecules get broken down by cells?Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an energy-rich compound that absorbs the chemical energy obtained from the breakdown of food molecules and releases it to fuel other cellular processes, is one goal of the degradation of foodstuffs. ATP is created when the energy contained in chemical bonds is converted from one form to another.
How does the breakdown of food molecules affect energy?As the food molecules are broken down, the energy holding them together is released, and the cell temporarily stores this released energy.
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WICH OF THE FOLLOWING SCIENTIST WORK DID NOT CONTRIBUTE TO THE DISOVERY OF STRUCTRE
WICH OF THE FOLLOWING SCIENTIST WORK DID NOT CONTRIBUTE TO THE DISOVERY OF STRUCTRE
So, the appropriate response is "Meselson and Stahl."
Who are the five scientists who contributed?
10 most outstanding minds whose backing the Science Laid Foundation for Modern Technology has received
Max Planck (1858–1947), Ernest Rutherford (1871–1937), Guglielmo Marconi (1874–1937), Alan Turing (1815–1852), James Maxwell (1831–1879), Nikola Tesla (1856–1943), Ernest Rutherford (1871–1937), Guglielmo Marconi (1874–1937), and Michael Faraday (1912-1954)
Why were only three of the four important scholars who made significant contributions to our understanding of the structure of DNA awarded the Nobel Prize?
The molecular structure of DNA was discovered by James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins, who jointly shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962. This discovery helped to solve one of the biggest biological mysteries.
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contraction of this type of skeletal muscle, categorized as _________ muscles, increases the angle between their attached bones.
Skeletal muscle is found throughout the body, attached to bones via tendons
How are skeletal muscles attached to bones quizlet?Most skeletal muscles are attached to two bones through tendons. Tendons are tough bands of dense regular connective tissue whose strong collagen fibers firmly attach muscles to bones.Skeletal muscles are the voluntary muscles which help in the movement of the body. These muscles contract and relax in response to the impulse received at the neuromuscular junction.Muscles contraction takes place due to the hydrolysis of ATP which causes sliding of the actin and myosin. The myosin pulls on the actin which contracts the muscles, this contracted muscles pull on the tendons and cause movement.Skeletal muscles are attached to the skeleton by tough connective tis sues calle d tendons(see Figure above). Many skeletal muscles are attached to the ends of bones that meet at a joint. The muscles span the joint and connect the bones. When the muscles contract, they pull on the bones, causing them to move.To learn more about skeletal refer to:
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A yeast cell is placed into an anaerobic glucose medium. Through which process will the yeast produce atp?.
Cellular respiration, a procedure used by the yeast in your bread, involves the conversion of glucose to ATP and carbon dioxide. The bread rises as a result of the carbon dioxide.
In what manner does yeast make ATP?Another process that can generate ATP without the need for oxygen is fermentation, which differs from anaerobic respiration since it does not involve an electron transport chain. Examples of organisms that employ fermentation to produce ATP include bacteria and yeast.
What is the name of the yeast's anaerobic respiration process?Anaerobic respiration, which occurs in microorganisms like yeast, a unicellular (or single cell) fungus, is known as fermentation. This process results in the production of carbon dioxide and an alcohol variant called ethanol. The fermentation equation is glucose.
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ecori a 6-cutter. theoretically, how often does it cut in a long stretch of dna given that each nucleotide has a 0.25 chance to appear in a position?
Given that every nucleotide has a 0.25 probability of appearing in a position 0.0002 in the DNA, it sliced through a lengthy section of it.
Why is DNA important, and what does it do?The biological codes that give each species its individuality are found in a molecule called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). During reproduction, mature organisms transmit their DNA to their progeny in addition to the instructions it carries.
why does a person have DNA?All creatures are composed of genes, which are found in DNA. DNA's capacity for recurrent self-replication is its most crucial property. In order to create new cells, convey genetic information from parents to children, and code for RNA (ribonucleic acid), which is needed to create proteins, DNA must be replicated.
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The sorting that occurs during blank______ separates homologues from each other.
Answer:
meiosis I
Explanation:
100 POINTS!!
An organism's ability to maintain balance and stability within its vital internal systems is best referred to as what
process?
Question 6 options:
mitosis
homeostasis
photosynthesis
asexual reproduction
Which helps a paramecium maintain homeostasis in aquatic environments.
Question 7 options:
contractile vacuole
macronucleus
mitochondria
eyespot
Question 8 (4 points)
When placed into a solution that is 30% water and 70% salt, what would happen to a cell that has a 70% water concentration?
Question 8 options:
The cell will maintain its 70% water concentration and remain the same size.
The cell will lose water and shrink to reach equilibrium with the environment.
The cell will take in water and swell to reach equilibrium with the environment.
The cell will maintain its 70% water concentration and swell to allow for some salt to enter the cell to reach
equilibrium with the environment.
Question 9 (4 points)
Which uses energy to maintain cellular homeostasis?
Question 9 options:
passive transport of ions into a cell
movement of a solute from low to high concentration
movement of a solute from high to low concentration
water flowing into a cell until it reaches the same concentration as water surrounding the cell
Question 10 (4 points)
Root cells must pump ions inward so they maintain homeostasis. This is considered what type of transport?
Question 10 options:
passive
diffusion
osmosis
active
Question 11 (4 points)
A student noticed that placing wilted lettuce in a bowl of cool water caused the lettuce to become more crisp and firm.
What is the best explanation for his observation?
Question 11 options:
water moved into the lettuce cells by active transport
water moved out of the lettuce by osmosis
water moved into the lettuce by osmosis
salt moved into the lettuce by diffusion
Question 12 (4 points)
An animal cell with a concentration of 7% dissolved sugars, salts, and other substances is placed in a cup containing a
15% sugar solution.
What would a student most likely observe after 30 minutes?
Question 12 options:
Water molecules will move into the cell causing it to swell.
Water molecules will move out of the cell causing it to shrivel.
The dissolved substances will move out of the cell causing it to shrivel.
The dissolved sugars in the cup will move into the cell causing it to burst.
Question 13 (4 points)
Which factor affects osmosis through a membrane?
Question 13 options:
how fast the carrier proteins move substances through the plasma membrane
how slow the carrier proteins move substances through the plasma membrane
concentration of water on one side of the membrane and the permeability of the membrane
concentration of water on both sides of the membrane and the permeability of the membrane
Question 14 (4 points)
Each beaker shown below contains an amphibian egg collected from one of four different locations.
Which of these beakers contains an egg that would shrink?
Question 14 options:
1
2
3
4
Question 15 (4 points)
A cell with a 10% salt concentration is placed into a beaker that contains a 20% salt concentration. The cell shrinks,
as shown in the diagram below.
which part of the cell controls the movement of substances?
Question 15 options:
mitochondria
cell membrane
chloroplast
nucleus
Question 16 (4 points)
Which component of the cell membrane functions to actively transport molecules into the cell?
Question 16 options:
carbohydrate
cytoplasm
phospholipid
protein
Question 17 (4 points)
What part of the phospholipid is most likely to reject water molecules?
Question 17 options:
hydrophobic lipid tails
proteins
hydrophilic phospho-head
carbohydrate chain
Question 18 (4 points)
A student is given a beaker full of water and a pipette with food coloring. The student dropped the food coloring into the water beaker. The student observed the food coloring beginning to disperse into the water. What process was most likely happening?
Question 18 options:
diffusion
osmosis
active transport
replication
Question 19 (3 points)
In which ways are prokaryotes and eukaryotes similar?
Question 19 options:
They both contain DNA
They both contain a nucleus
They both are highly complex
They both have membrane bound organelles
Question 20 (3 points)
Which function would an algal cell not be able to perform if its chloroplasts removed?
Question 20 options:
cellular respiration
protein synthesis
storage and transport
photosynthesis
The answers include the following below:
An organism's ability to maintain balance and stability within its vital internal systems is best referred to as homeostasis.Contractile vacuole helps a paramecium maintain homeostasis in aquatic environments.When placed into a solution that is 30% water and 70% salt, a cell that has a 70% water concentration will maintain its 70% water concentration and swell to allow for some salt to enter the cell to reach equilibrium with the environment.Movement of a solute from low to high concentration uses energy to maintain cellular homeostasis. Root cells must pump ions inward so they maintain homeostasis which is regarded as active transport.A student noticed that placing wilted lettuce in a bowl of cool water caused the lettuce to become more crisp and firm because water moved into the lettuce by osmosis.An animal cell with a concentration of 7% dissolved sugars, salts, and other substances is placed in a cup containing a 15% sugar solution which will result in the water molecules moving out of the cell causing it to shrivel.The factor which affects osmosis through a membrane is concentration of water on both sides of the membrane and the permeability of the membraneEach beaker shown below contains an amphibian egg collected from one of four different locations.The beakers which contains an egg that would shrink is beaker 3.The part of the cell which controls the movement of substances is cell membrane.The component of the cell membrane which functions to actively transport molecules into the cell is protein.The part of the phospholipid which is most likely to reject water molecules is hydrophobic lipid tails.What is Osmosis?This is referred to as the movement of solvent from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.
This is responsible for the movement of different types of molecules in and out of the cells.
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A nucleotide deletion early in the coding sequence of a gene would most likely result in __________.
A nucleotide deletion early in the coding sequence of a gene would most likely result in the production of a truncated or nonfunctional protein.
A nucleotide deletion is a type of mutation in which one or more nucleotides are removed from a strand of DNA. This can occur due to errors during DNA replication or exposure to mutagenic agents, such as radiation or certain chemicals.
If a nucleotide deletion occurs within the coding sequence of a gene, it can affect the sequence of codons along the coding strand of DNA. A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that encodes a specific amino acid or a stop signal for protein synthesis.
A nucleotide deletion early in the coding sequence of a gene can disrupt the reading frame of the DNA, resulting in the production of a truncated or nonfunctional protein. This is because the deletion will change the sequence of codons, leading to the synthesis of an incomplete or incorrect protein.
For example, if a nucleotide deletion occurs in the first nucleotide of a codon, the resulting codon will be missing its first nucleotide. This will change the sequence of the following codons, leading to the synthesis of an incomplete or incorrect protein.
Overall, a nucleotide deletion early in the coding sequence of a gene would most likely result in the production of a truncated or nonfunctional protein. This type of mutation has the potential to affect the structure and function of the protein, depending on the location and nature of the mutation.
once a substance is separated from the blood by the glomerulus, it is excreted in the urine.
False, once a substance is separated from the blood by the glomerulus it is not excreted in the urine.
A blood clot is a mass of blood that forms whilst platelets, proteins, and cells within the blood stick together. When you get harm, your frame forms a blood clot to prevent the bleeding. After the bleeding stops and recovery takes location, your body normally breaks down and gets rid of the blood clot.
Blood clotting, additionally known as coagulation, is an critical manner that reduces bleeding while we're injured. It occurs each time a blood vessel is broken, whether the injury is a scratch at the skin or something more critical.
There are two fundamental forms of clots:
Thrombus: Blood clots may be desk bound. which means they do not move. but they are able to block blood waft. doctors name this form of clot a thrombosis.
Embolus: Blood clots also can destroy loose. docs call those embolisms. they're risky due to the fact they are able to travel to other elements of the body.
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2. What are the positive and negative aspects of the world showed in the movie? List at least two positive and two negative aspects.
gattaca
Less sickness; brighter, stronger, and more productive people are some positive characteristics of the film.
Negative features of the movie include social turmoil and a lack of genetic diversity.
What are the positive and negative aspects of movies ?It entirely depends on the film.
Everyone has a tendency to imitate, thus when one witnesses a movie star performing an act, they attempt to mimic it.
The benefits of movies include:
1. Increasing Knowledge (Historical Movies or Biography)
2. Improving your analytical capacity (By watching Suspense Movies)
The first negative effect of movies on society is caused by their sexual content.
2. The way one speaks to his elder indecently. The Kids might process in a different way.
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If two areas on separate continents have similar climates do they have similar communities Explain your answer
Answer:Yes they are similar.
Explanation:
Dear dr. sattari, we have concluded that the spiders have different traits for silk flexibility because the offspring inherited different combinations of gene versions from their parents. the evidence supports this claim because:_____.
Random recombination of genes has been implicated in altered silk flexibility in spider progeny.
It is also characterized by the flexibility of silk. All Darwin bark spiders have this property (they all have spider silk that is somewhat flexible), but some spiders produce silk that is more flexible than others. , medium and low silk flexibility are different characteristics of silk flexibility function. Silk is made from strands of protein called fibroin, which are rolled up into strong, flexible fibers unlike any material that humans have been able to create. Trait changes can be caused by changes in protein molecules within an individual's cells. The structure of a protein molecule affects its function and how it binds to other molecules. Spider silk is composed of proteins, and the bonds between these molecules affect the flexibility of silk.
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Answer
Hi
Explanation:
identify
specialization can be both limiting and beneficial. how would a plant species benefit from a pollinator that only visits the flowers of that plant species?(1 point)
Less competition from other species for pollinators.
A plant's likelihood of having its pollen distributed rises when a large number of pollinators visit it, according to the mechanism of generalisation (Brosi 2016). These generalist pollinators can then gather resources from a variety of plants once they become active in a patch.
The generalist nature of the majority of plant-pollinator interactions and this need for specialisation appear to be at odds. At various levels of biological hierarchy, specialisation and generalisation coexist simultaneously in many states and are dynamic—not fixed.
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What molecule enters the citric acid cycle and combines with oxaloacetate to form citric acid?.
The molecule that enters the citric acid wheel and combines with oxaloacetate to solidify citric acid is acetyl-CoA.
Acetyl-CoA is a mid-patch in cellular metabolism and is deduced from colorful origins similar to glucose, adipose acids, and amino acids. In the citric acid, acetyl-CoA reacts with oxaloacetate, a four-carbon copy emulsion, to solidify citrate.
This response is catalyzed by the enzyme citrate synthase. The combination of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate is a crucial measure in initiating the citric acid cycle, which is a built-in part of cellular respiration.
The citric acid cycle plays a pivotal part in the product of energy-rich motes like ATP and in the generation of reducing coequals in the form of NADH and FADH2, which are employed in the posterior way of cellular respiration.
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explain how resting potential is generated, including the transport proteins required, the ions transported and the ratio at which na and k are transported
The ground value for trans-membrane voltage, which is a relatively static membrane potential.
Major processes for preserving the resting potential across the membranes of animal cells include the Na+/K+ -ATPase and the effects of ion diffusion.As opposed to the specific dynamic electrochemical processes known as action potential and graded membrane potential, quiescent cells' relatively static membrane potential is referred to as the resting membrane potential (or resting voltage).The majority of non-excitable cells' membrane voltage can alter in response to external or intracellular stimuli, in addition to the latter two, which happen in excitable cells (neurons, muscles, and some secretory cells in glands). The different membrane permeabilities are what cause the resting potential to exist.To know more about trans-membrane
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Dna has two strands. If the sequence of nucleotides of one strand was known, is it possible to use that information to determine the sequence of the second strand? explain your reasoning for your response using an example dna sequence.
Yes, it is possible to identify the sequence of the second strand using knowledge of the nucleotide order of one strand.
The genetic material, DNA, is a double-stranded molecule, meaning it has two strands. A series of complementary nucleotide bases make up the individual strands of each DNA molecule. According to Chargaff's proposed complementary base pairing rule, the bases Adenine (A) and Thymine (T) will always hydrogen pair, whereas Guanine (G) will always pair with Cytosine (C), or A-T, G-C.For instance, if one strand's nucleotide sequence was CTAGCGGATC, the other strand's nucleotide sequence would be GATCGCCTAG. As a result, using the knowledge about the base sequence on one strand, it is possible to infer the sequence of the second strand.
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Arrange the steps of the contraction cycle in the correct order from left to right.
Step 1: Contraction Cycle Begins
Begins with the arrival of calcium ions within the zone of overlap
Step 2: Active-Site Exposure
Calcium ions bind to troponin, weakening the bond between actin and the troponin-tropomyosin complex.
This reaction leads to the exposure of the active sites on the actin molecules of the thin filaments.
Step 3: Cross-Bridge Formation
Once the active sites are exposed, the energized myosin heads bind to them, forming cross bridges.
Step 4: Myosin Head Pivoting
After cross-bridge formation, the stored energy is used to pivot the myosin head toward the M line. This action is called the power stroke, when it occurs, the bound ADP and phosphate group are released.
Step 5: Cross-Bridge Detachment
When another ATP binds to the myosin head, the link between the myosin head and the active site on the actin molecule is broken.
The active site in now exposed and able to form another cross bridge.
Step 6: Myosin Reactivation
Myosin reactivation occurs when the free myosin head splits ATP into ADP and P.
What is contraction cycle?
The muscle contracts in a pattern of repeated joining and releasing between the two thin and thick strands of the sarcomere. ATP is important for preparing myosin for binding and 'loading' of myosin.
ATP first binds to myosin, putting it in a high energy state. ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) by the enzyme ATPase. The energy released during ATP hydrolysis changes the angle of the myosin head to a 'tilted' position, ready to bind to actin when the site becomes available. ADP and Pi remain connected. Myosin exists in a high energy configuration.
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which processes are driven primarily by energy from the sun
The processes are driven primarily by energy from the sun include the following below:
EvaporationPhotosynthesisTranspiration.What is Photosynthesis?This is referred to as the process in which green plants manufacture food in the presence of sunlight and other compounds. The green pigment which is referred to as chlorophyll is responsible for the trapping of solar energy which is used for the process.
Another process which is driven by the sun is the water cycle which involves the sun heating up the water bodies. This leads to evaporation of water vapor into the atmosphere and undergoes condensation to form precipitation such as rainfall, snow etc.
Plants also undergo transpiration which is the evaporation of water from parts of the plants such as leaves etc thereby making the mentioned processes correct.
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Which physical adaptations increase a plant’s chances of growing in grasslands?
(Select all that apply.)
A. having deep roots to survive grazing animals
B. having leaf shapes that do not hold water
C. having waxy leaves
D. having deep roots to survive fires
Answer:
Explanation:
A. having deep roots to survive grazing animals
B. having leaf shapes that do not hold water
D. having deep roots to survive fires
Plants that grow in grasslands must be able to survive in a variety of conditions, including hot temperatures, dry conditions, and frequent fires. In order to do so, they have developed a number of physical adaptations that increase their chances of survival.
One adaptation that helps plants survive grazing animals is having deep roots. These roots can allow the plant to access water and nutrients that are deeper in the soil, which can help it survive even when the surface of the soil has been damaged by grazing animals.
Another adaptation that helps plants survive in grasslands is having leaf shapes that do not hold water. This can help prevent the plant from losing water through evaporation, which is especially important in hot and dry conditions.
Having deep roots can also help plants survive fires, as these roots can allow the plant to access water and nutrients that are deeper in the soil and help it regenerate after a fire.
While having waxy leaves can help some plants retain moisture in dry conditions, it is not necessarily an adaptation that is specific to grasslands.