Ivan Pavlov, 2. B.F. Skinner, and 4. John Watson all agreed that psychology should be solely concerned with objective, observable behavior. Pavlov was a Russian physiologist who is known for his work on classical conditioning, in which he demonstrated that animals can learn to associate certain stimuli with specific responses. Skinner was an American psychologist who developed the theory of operant conditioning, which states that behavior is determined by its consequences. Watson was an American psychologist who is known for his work in the field of behaviorism, which emphasizes the study of observable behavior rather than mental processes
which correlation coefficient represents a strong, negative linear relationship?
Or = 0
• r = 0.21
Or = -0.21
Or = 0.97
Or = -0.97
Answer:
When r (the correlation coefficient) is near 1 or −1, the linear relationship is strong; when it is near 0, the linear relationship is weak. So, the answer would be Or = -0.97.
Explanation:
3. Explain the controversy over mining. Why do some people want to
continue to mine for coal while others do not.
Answer:
look below
Explanation:
The rapidly increasing use of coal in the late nineteenth century required hundreds of thousands of workers to dig that coal out of the ground, sort and load it into railroad cars, and ship it to the urban and industrial centers that consumed it. Most coalfields were sparsely populated compared to the cities they supplied. Workers had to be recruited and lured to the coal camps. Company representatives traveled across the agricultural south, recruiting Black workers from former plantation areas as a new wave of white violence followed the collapse of Reconstruction. Recruiters also went to struggling towns in Southern and Eastern Europe, paying voyage fares for men who promised to work in the coal mines on arrival. By the turn of the twentieth century, close to half a million workers—mostly men and boys, but also some women in smaller, family mines—toiled in the American coalfields.The reality of the coal camp often looked very different from what had been promised. Pay was low, and the company, which often owned miners’ housing and ran the supply store, frequently controlled their cost of living. Miners were paid by the ton, and conflicts frequently arose over the process of weighing the coal. The industry’s cyclical nature meant that mining employment also could be irregular and precarious. Coal camp living conditions were often squalid, with social life dominated by the company and basic freedoms of speech, movement, and assembly restricted by private mine guards and company-paid sheriffs.Mining coal was incredibly dangerous work. During the industrial coal boom between 1880 and 1923, more than 70,000 miners died on the job. Many more perished from occupational diseases, but weren’t tallied in official statistics. Miners were crushed to death in roof collapses, killed by gas explosions and by machinery, and more. In the first decade of the twentieth century, three major mine disasters—one each in Utah, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania—killed 201, 362 and 239 miners respectively. The West Virginia and Pennsylvania disasters occurred within two weeks of each other in 1907, during the winter period that miners called “explosion season” because the dry air amplified the dangers from methane and coal dust. More common were deadly and frequent disasters that took miners’ lives in ones and twos, but never made headlines. As urban energy intensification made cities safer, healthier, and more convenient during the Progressive Era, the everyday violence of the energy system was largely hidden from view in rural mining communities.
WILL MARK BRAINLIEST PLEASE HELP URGENT
In a banking system with limited reserves, which of the following combinations of monetary policy is the most expansionary? (1 point)
(I think the answer is c)
The central bank's selling bonds and lowering the discount rate
The central bank's buying bonds and Congress increasing government spending
Congress lowering taxes and increasing government spending
The central bank's lowering the required reserve ratio and lowering the discount rate
The central bank buying bonds and increasing the required reserve ratio
Answer:
c
Explanation:
congress lowering taxes and increasing government spending
Analyze two examples that illustrate an increased role for women in American society from 1880 to 1917.
This is a short answer prompt, please make it as long as possible because my grader is mf evil!!!! i'll give 15 points and brainliest answer
Female Employment and Women Suffrage are two examples that illustrate an increased role for women in American society from 1880 to 1917.
What is Female Employment and Women Suffrage?Female Employment and Women Suffrage are two examples of an increased role for women in American society between 1880 and 1917.
Female Employment
Prior to World War I and the Industrial Revolution, women had little to no access to education and almost no opportunities for advancement and growth in the workplace. When World War I broke out, women filled the void by working in factories and as nurses.
This was the first time women had the opportunity to enter the labour force and try their hand at manual labour. Following the war, the Industrial Revolution increased production dramatically, creating a greater need for workers than ever before.
Women Suffrage
In the United States, the fight for women's suffrage began in the mid-nineteenth century with the women's rights movement. Women gained the right to vote in four states by 1896. (Wyoming, Colorado, Idaho, and Utah).
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One way to identify limestone (calcium carbonate) is to drop a small amount of hydrochloric acid on it. A
positive test results in a fizz of carbon dioxide, water, and one other product being produced. Predict the
other product and write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
Answer:
Explanation:
The other product that is produced when hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to limestone (calcium carbonate) is calcium chloride (CaCl2).
The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
In this equation, the solid limestone (CaCO3) reacts with the aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce calcium chloride (CaCl2) dissolved in water, water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as a gas. On a molar basis the reaction is 1:1 between the Calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid which results in the balanced equation.
It's worth noting that this reaction is an example of an acid-base reaction, where the hydrochloric acid (HCl) acts as the acid, and the limestone (CaCO3) acts as the base. The acid donates a proton (H+) to the base, resulting in the formation of the products.
For each of the following pairs of terms, explain how the first concept influences the process indicated by the second. Be sure to define the first term and then apply it to the second.
•
•
•
Rods, Peripheral Vision Motion Parallax, Depth Perception Proximity, Perception McGurk Effect, Audition
The explanation of how the concept influences the process indicated are given below
What are the concept?Rods are light-sensitive cells found in the retina of the eye that are responsible for detecting low levels of light, such as in dim or dark conditions. They are more sensitive to light than the cone cells, which are responsible for detecting color and finer detail. Rods play a role in peripheral vision, which is the ability to see objects or movement that are outside of the center of the visual field.
Motion parallax is the phenomenon in which objects that are closer to us appear to move faster than objects that are farther away when we move our head or eyes. Depth perception, the ability to perceive the distance of objects in three-dimensional space, is influenced by motion parallax because it provides us with information about the relative distance of objects. When we move our head or eyes, the movement of nearby objects is more noticeable compared to distant objects, which helps us determine their relative distance.
Proximity is the physical closeness of objects or elements. Perception, the process of interpreting and organizing sensory information in order to understand the environment, is influenced by proximity because it can affect how we group and organize visual information. When objects or elements are close together, we are more likely to perceive them as being related or belonging to the same group, whereas when they are farther apart, we may perceive them as being separate or unrelated.
Therefore, The McGurk effect is a phenomenon in which the sound of a spoken syllable is altered or changed by the visual information of a speaker's mouth movements. Audition, the process of hearing
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explain the intellectual and ideological context in which revolution swept the atlantic world from 1750-1900
Answer: Explain the intellectual and ideological context in which revolutions swept the Atlantic World from 1750-1900.
*Revolutions were sparked by the concept of Enlightenment because it promoted questions about class and religion and denied the legitimacy of government with absolute power.
Explanation:
*Revolutions were sparked by the concept of Enlightenment because it promoted questions about class and religion and denied the legitimacy of government with absolute power. An example is how the enlightenment thinker John Locke contributed to the writing of the Declaration of Independence after the revolution with his belief that everyone has "inalienable rights".
Explain one environmental consequence of tar sands petroleum extraction.
Answer:
Tar sands extraction emits up to three times more global warming pollution than does producing the same quantity of conventional crude. It also depletes and pollutes freshwater resources and creates giant ponds of toxic waste
Explanation:
AP WORLD HISTORY UNIT 6 TEST
If you have a study guide, post a link
Humans have evolved complex systems over the last 100,000 years, but WHAP focuses on the last 800 years of politics, economics, and culture. Fiveable's AP World History Modern community includes free exam prep.
What is AP World History?The College Board's Advanced Placement program offers high school students in the United States the opportunity to take a college-level course called Advanced Placement (AP) World History: Modern. The course aims to give students a deeper understanding of the interactions between various human societies as well as the development of global processes and contacts. It is also referred to as AP World History, AP World, or WHAP.
By combining specific factual knowledge with the right analytical abilities, the course advances this understanding. All of prehistory and history, particularly that which occurred between 8000 BC and the present, was once studied by students.
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What’s the line of reasoning in the article “Gender pay gap will remain until companies change their ways (opinion) CNN Business by Natasha Lamb and Jennifer Klein
for that you need to increase your basic competition
A pool is being drained by a pump at a rate of 4 gallons per minute. An identical pump is added to help drain the pool. How does the second pump affect the rate of drainage?
Explain.
Answer:
Explanation:
ddd
What else might be used to symbolize a failed relationship? Develop an analogy that explores your experience with a failed relationship. If you feel brave enough, try writing a poem using your symbol and other devices (except rhyme) you`ve learned to create an effect that pleases you
Poetry symbolism is used in this piece to convey the emotional psyche of a failed relationship.
What is Poetry symbolism?Symbolism in poetry is a literary device that helps the audience understand what the poet is saying. Understand its significance by looking at these examples of symbolism in action.Symbolism is the use of representational imagery in which the writer employs an image with a deeper, non-literal meaning to convey complex ideas. Symbolism in literature is the use of a concrete image to represent an abstract idea. The heart, for example, is frequently used as a symbol of love.Symbolism is used by writers to explain an idea or concept to their readers in a poetic way without saying it directly. Symbolism enables writers to make their stories more complex. Many people use symbolism in their daily lives.
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Dr. Martinez has an injured patient needing a muscle relaxant. He knows that medication A contains a chemical that binds and block Acetylcholine receptors of muscle cells; and that medication B contains a chemical that floods the cytoplasm of muscle cells with calcium ions. State a claim telling which medication Dr. Martinez should prescribe as a muscle relaxant, and support it with evidence and reasoning
Because acetylcholine is the main neurotransmitter for electrical impulses from the nervous system to the muscular system, Chemical A is the better muscle relaxant. Muscles tend to relax when the number of molecules is reduced. Calcium, on the other hand, has the opposite effect.
What is acetylcholine?Acetylcholine is an ester of choline and acetic acid that acts as a nerve impulse transmitter in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system, which is a branch of the autonomic nervous system that contracts smooth muscles, dilates blood vessels, increases bodily secretions, and slows heart rate. Acetylcholine has excitatory or inhibitory effects because it can stimulate or block a response.
Acetylcholine is stored in vesicles at the ends of cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is released into the neuromuscular junction in the peripheral nervous system when a nerve impulse arrives at the terminal of a motor neuron.
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Can you figure out the next
three digits in the pattern
33633456??
Answer:
912
Explanation:
The chart above compares credit card offers. What is the most significant drawback to Credit Card 1 relative to the other cards? (1 point)
Higher interest rate
Low limit
No rewards
Secured credit
Answer:
the most significant drawback to Credit Card 1 relative to the other cards is that it has a higher interest rate. The interest rate for Credit Card 1 is 15.99%, which is higher than the interest rates for Credit Card 2 (12.99%), Credit Card 3 (13.99%), and Credit Card 4 (14.99%). This means that Credit Card 1 will be more expensive to use than the other cards, as the interest charges will be higher. This is a significant drawback, as it will increase the overall cost of using the credit card.
Explanation:
formulate a reason why a magnitude-3 earthquake can possibly cause more damage than a magnitude-6 earthquake
Answer:
There are a few reasons why a magnitude-3 earthquake can possibly cause more damage than a magnitude-6 earthquake:
Location: The location of an earthquake can have a big impact on the amount of damage it causes. A magnitude-3 earthquake that occurs in a heavily populated urban area is more likely to cause damage than a magnitude-6 earthquake that occurs in a more remote or less developed area.
Depth: The depth of an earthquake can also affect the amount of damage it causes. Earthquakes that occur closer to the surface are more likely to cause damage than those that occur deeper underground.
Soil type: The type of soil in an area can also influence the amount of damage caused by an earthquake. Loose, sandy soils are more susceptible to shaking and can amplify the effects of an earthquake, while solid rock is more stable and may not be as affected.
Building construction: The quality and type of construction of buildings in an area can also play a role in the amount of damage caused by an earthquake. Buildings that are poorly constructed or that are not designed to withstand earthquakes are more likely to be damaged or collapse.
Overall, the amount of damage caused by an earthquake depends on a variety of factors, and it is not necessarily directly related to the magnitude of the earthquake.
PLEASE HELP!! I need sources and argument points for this question because I cannot find any. Please don't take this down because I really need help.
Write an essay in which you come to a definitive conclusion about how members of Congress decide to vote. Support your conclusion with information from The Lanahan Readings excerpts listed on the assignment page and outside research.
Answer:
Members of Congress often face difficult decisions when it comes to voting on legislation. There are many factors that can influence how they decide to vote, and it is not always easy to predict how a particular member will vote on a given issue.
According to The Lanahan Readings, one important factor that can influence how members of Congress vote is their party affiliation. Members of Congress are more likely to vote in line with their party's position on an issue, especially if the issue is considered important to the party. For example, a Republican member of Congress is more likely to vote in favor of a bill supported by the Republican Party, even if the bill is not necessarily in the best interest of their constituents.
Another factor that can influence how members of Congress vote is their personal beliefs and values. Members of Congress are elected to represent the interests of their constituents, but they also bring their own personal experiences and values to their decision-making process. For example, a member of Congress who is strongly pro-life may be more likely to vote against a bill that expands access to abortion, even if their constituents support the bill.
In addition to party affiliation and personal beliefs, members of Congress may also be influenced by the views of their constituents. If a large number of their constituents support or oppose a particular bill, members of Congress may feel pressure to vote in line with their constituents' views.
In conclusion, there are many factors that can influence how members of Congress decide to vote. Party affiliation, personal beliefs, and constituent views are all important considerations that can shape their voting decisions. Ultimately, the decision to vote for or against a particular bill is a complex one, and it is not always easy to predict how a member of Congress will vote.
Explanation:
Was Flaubert’s an accurate portrayal of bourgeois marriage in this description of Emma and Charles?
Answer:
Explanation:
In Gustave Flaubert's novel "Madame Bovary," the characters Emma and Charles Bovary represent a portrayal of a bourgeois (or middle-class) marriage in 19th-century France. The novel, which was published in 1857, portrays a story of Emma who, feeling trapped in her mundane and unfulfilling married life with Charles, seeks fulfillment through extramarital affairs and extravagant spending.
Flaubert's portrayal of Emma and Charles' marriage is one of dissatisfaction and unhappiness. Charles, a well-meaning but dull and unexciting man, is unable to provide Emma with the emotional and intellectual stimulation she craves. Emma, meanwhile, is restless and yearning for a more exciting life, which leads her to engage in extramarital affairs and overspending.
Flaubert's portrayal of Emma and Charles' marriage is generally seen as an accurate portrayal of the bourgeoisie marriage of that time, as it highlights the societal expectation placed on women in particular to conform to a traditional and domestic role in marriage, and the limited opportunities for personal and intellectual growth for both partners. Furthermore, the novel also illustrates the financial struggles faced by the Bovarys and the moral judgment imposed on Emma as a woman who goes against societal expectations.
It's important to remember that "Madame Bovary" is a work of fiction and therefore it may not be entirely accurate, but it is considered to be a representation of that time's society and the reality that many individuals faced in those conditions.
In 200920092009, Usain Bolt set the world record for sprinting 100 \text{ m}100 m100, start text, space, m, end text in approximately 9\dfrac359
5
3
9, start fraction, 3, divided by, 5, end fraction seconds.
Find his average speed in meters per second.
meters per second
The average velocity for Usain Bolt is given as follows:
10.42 meters per second.
How to obtain the velocity?The measures in this problem are obtained considering the relation between velocity, distance and time.
The relation between velocity, distance and time states that the velocity is obtained by the quotient of the distance by the time, as follows:
v = d/t.
In which:
v is the velocity.d is the distance.t is the time.The parameters for this problem are given as follows:
Distance of 100 meters.Time of 9 and (3/5) seconds = 9 + 3/5 = 9 + 0.6 = 9.6 seconds.(for the conversion of a mixed number to decimal, we add the integer part to the fractional part).
Hence the average velocity is obtained as follows:
100/9.6 = 10.42 meters per second.
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The role of cell division in a star fish
Answer:
Hope it helps you
Explanation:
All multicellular organisms use cell division for growth and the maintenance and repair of cells and tissues. Cell division is tightly regulated because the occasional failure of regulation can have life-threatening consequences. Single-celled organisms use cell division as their method of reproduction.
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Step 1: Watch the Videos
Watch the following Ted Talk:
John Gerzema: “The post-crisis consumer.”
Step 2: Write Newspaper Advice Column
Now you will write a newspaper article entitled, “Tips for Consumers”. In it you want to give advice on how to make the best decisions when it comes to purchasing.
Imagine that you had interviewed John Gerzema and quote him in your article at least twice. Be sure that your article discusses the following:
Researching big purchases
Buying durable products
Avoiding impulse buying by delaying purchasing for a day or more
Consumer behaviour is changing in this way: Despite the fact that it is continually changing and evolving, the most recent changes have had a significant effect on business. Consumer behaviour can be influenced by a wide range of variables, including circumstance, psychology, environment, marketing, personal, family, and culture.
What is consumer behaviour ?The study of people, groups, or organizations and all the behaviors connected to the acquisition, consumption, and disposal of products and services is known as consumer behaviour. Consumer behaviour refers to how a person's feelings, attitudes, and preferences influence their purchasing decisions.
While some customers are going back to in-store shopping, others continue to spend money on unnecessary items in an effort to try out new websites and brands. Sales across a variety of businesses are significantly being impacted by modern consumer tastes and purchasing patterns.
Thus, Due to the explosion of ecommerce over the past few years, consumer behavior has undergone a significant transformation.
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A rectangle made of square tiles measures 8 tiles long and 5 tiles wide. What is the length of a similar rectangle whose width is 10 titles
A similar rectangle has a length of 16 tiles and a width of 10 titles.
What is length and width of a rectangle?Although the width is the shortest of these two dimensions, when the rectangle is shown lying on its side, the horizontal side is usually referred to as the width.The length of the rectangle is the longer of these two measurements, but when the rectangle is shown standing on the floor, the vertical side is usually referred to as the length.Similar shapes have sides that are proportional to one another. In other words, their proportions are identical.
Tile length ratio = tile width ratio
small tile width / large tile width = small tile length / large tile length
Let x is the length of a new rectangle
(10 x 8) / 5 = x
80 / 5 = x
16 = x
Therefore x = 16
The length of similar rectangle is 16 tiles long.
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Read the following passage from Douglass's speech:
The point from which I am compelled to view them is not, certainly, the most
favorable; and yet I cannot contemplate their great deeds with less than admiration.
Which rhetorical technique does Douglass use in this sentence?
A.Anaphora
B.Hyperbole
C.Antithesis
D.Asyndeton
C or D??
The rhetorical technique that Douglass use in this sentence is option C. Antithesis
What is Antithesis?In the above sentence, Douglass creates a contrast between two ideas: the unfavorable point of view from which he is forced to view the deeds of others, and the admiration he feels for those deeds despite this unfavorable point of view.
Antithesis is a rhetorical device that involves the use of contrasting ideas, phrases, or words in a balanced or parallel structure.
He sets up the idea of not being able to view the deeds with less than admiration, and the idea of a unfavorable point of view. This creates a contrast between the two ideas, which is the definition of Antithesis.
Therefore, based on the context of the above, Asyndeton is a literary technique in which conjunctions are omitted in a series of related clauses. This sentence doesn't have this technique.
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Uan inveted $5000 and bill inveted $1500. Why did uan have a higher balance at the age of 65
Uan had a higher balance at the age of 65 because he invested higher amount that Bill who invested $1500 and Uan receive way more according to compound interest.
What is compound interest?Compound interest is calculated by multiplying the initial principal amount by one and adding the annual interest rate multiplied by the number of compound periods minus one. The loan's total initial amount is then deducted from the resulting value.
Compound interest is interest calculated on the initial principal, which includes all previous periods' accumulated interest. The ability to generate "interest on interest" is referred to as compound interest. Interest can be compounded at any time, from continuous to daily to annually. Money is multiplied at a faster rate when compounded.
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Which of the following is the BEST example of preserving folk culture?
Answer:
Explanation:
There are many different ways to preserve folk culture, and what may be considered the "best" example will depend on the context and the specific culture in question. However, one example of preserving folk culture that could be considered effective is:
Documenting and archiving traditional customs, practices, and artifacts. This includes collecting and preserving oral histories, songs, stories, and other forms of traditional knowledge. This helps to ensure that the culture's history and heritage are not lost and can be shared with future generations.
This approach to preserving folk culture can be beneficial because it helps to keep the culture's traditional practices and customs alive. It also allows for the culture's history and heritage to be passed down through generations, ensuring that it will not be forgotten. Additionally, by documenting and archiving the culture's traditional practices and artifacts, it makes it accessible for researchers, academics, and the public to learn about and understand the culture.
It's worth noting that there are many other ways to preserve a folk culture, and other methods like, teaching traditional skills to the next generation, creating events and festivals celebrating folk culture, creating laws to protect folk heritage sites and artifacts, promoting folk culture in the media, etc. Each culture and situation might require different approaches.
In summary, documenting and archiving traditional customs, practices, and artifacts is one way to preserve folk culture. This approach can help to ensure that the culture's history and heritage are not lost and can be shared with future generations. Additionally, it makes the culture's traditional practices and artifacts accessible to the public, enabling them to learn about and understand the culture.
How would you explain the emphasis that farmers political representatives placed on federal fiscal policy in the mid 1800s
The following points can explain the emphasis that farmers political representatives placed on federal fiscal policy in the mid 1800s:
Cooperative buying and sellingUsing large sizes to demand lower prices and higher prices for sold goods.Subtreasury system Gold standardWanted to move to greenbacks or silverWhat is fiscal policy?Fiscal policy is the term for the measures taken by governments to stabilise the economy, particularly by adjusting the rates and distributions of taxes and spending on the public sector. To accomplish some objectives, monetary policy and fiscal measures are frequently combined.
The typical objectives of fiscal and monetary policy are to achieve or maintain full employment, a high rate of economic growth, and price and wage stabilisation. The establishment of these ends as legitimate aims of governmental economic policy and the creation of instruments to accomplish them are products of the 20th century.
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describe how the boundaries between earth's tectonic plates compared with the location of most of the earthquakes
Earth's tectonic plates are constantly moving and shifting, and the boundaries between these plates are where much of the world's seismic activity, including earthquakes, occurs. The boundaries between tectonic plates can be classified into three types: divergent, convergent, and transform.
At divergent boundaries, tectonic plates are moving away from each other, and earthquakes in these areas are generally less intense. However, these boundaries are often associated with the formation of new oceanic crust, and can be the site of volcanic eruptions.
At convergent boundaries, tectonic plates are moving towards each other, and earthquakes in these areas can be very intense. These boundaries are often associated with the collision and subduction of tectonic plates, and can be the site of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain building.
At transform boundaries, tectonic plates are sliding past each other, and earthquakes in these areas can be of moderate intensity. These boundaries are often associated with the creation of strike-slip faults, such as the San Andreas Fault in California.
Overall, the location of most earthquakes is concentrated along the boundaries between tectonic plates, particularly at convergent and transform boundaries.
Answer:
Earthquakes and volcanoes are the direct result of the movement of tectonic plates at fault lines. The term fault is used to describe the boundary between tectonic plates. Most of the earthquakes and volcanoes around the Pacific ocean basin—a pattern known as the “ring of fire”—are due to the movement of tectonic plates in this region.
Explanation:
PLEASE HELP!!!! If you do this correctly, I will mark you as brainliest. I've tried a few times and no one seems to do this correctly. I need sources and argument points that work this.
Write an essay in which you come to a definitive conclusion about how members of Congress decide to vote. Support your conclusion with information from The Lanahan Readings excerpts listed on the assignment page, as well as outside research.
As you research and formulate your response, ask yourself these questions:
Are members of Congress "single-minded seekers of re-election," as Mayhew claims?
How does the "home style" of members relate to their decision making in Washington, D.C.?
How can we best define "pork"? Is dishing out the pork a recipe for electoral success, and if so, how does it influence congressional behavior?
Is the threat of legislative gridlock a necessary evil to force members of Congress to compromise?
How do the decisions of members of Congress change when the government is divided? What about during the "lame duck" portion of a president's term?
Which theoretical role — delegate, trustee, or politico — best describes most members of Congress when they make decisions?
Answer:
Members of Congress are elected officials who are responsible for representing the interests of their constituents and making decisions on behalf of the country. According to Mayhew, they are "single-minded seekers of re-election," meaning that their primary goal is to get re-elected and they will do whatever it takes to achieve this goal. This can include dishing out "pork," or funding for projects in their districts that are not necessarily related to the larger issues facing the country. These projects are meant to gain the favor of constituents and increase the likelihood of re-election.
The "home style" of members of Congress also plays a role in their decision making. This refers to the values and beliefs of the individuals and how they reflect the culture and politics of their districts. Members of Congress may feel pressure to align with the views of their constituents and may prioritize their needs and desires over the needs of the country as a whole.
During times of divided government, the decisions of members of Congress may change as they are forced to compromise with the opposing party in order to pass legislation. This threat of legislative gridlock can be a necessary evil to force members to come to an agreement and avoid complete stagnation.
In terms of their theoretical roles, most members of Congress can be classified as "politicos," meaning that they prioritize their own political careers and interests over their role as a representative. However, some may act as "delegates," strictly following the wishes of their constituents, while others may take on the role of a "trustee," using their own judgement to make decisions for the good of the country.
In conclusion, the decision making process of members of Congress is complex and influenced by a variety of factors, including their desire for re-election, the values and beliefs of their districts, and the political climate. While some may prioritize the needs of their constituents and act as delegates, others may prioritize their own political careers and act as politicos. The threat of legislative gridlock can also play a role in their decision making, as it forces them to compromise and find common ground.
Let f be a differentiable function such that f(0) = 5. 420 and f'(x) = sqrt(sin²x+x). What is the value of f(2pi)?
Differentiation
DerivativesDerivative NotationIntegration
IntegralsIntegration TechniquesIntegration Rule [Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 2]:
[tex]\displaystyle \frac{d}{dx}[\int\limits^x_a {f(t)} \, dt] = f(x)[/tex]
Let's organize what is given to us from the problem.
We are given an initial condition: f(0) = 5.420
We are given a derivative:
[tex]\displaystyle f'(x) = \sqrt{\sin^2 x + x}[/tex]
We are asked to find f(2π).
Step 2: WorkWe can first formulate a rough function using integration rules, namely the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (2nd part):
[tex]\displaystyle f(x) = \int \limits^{x}_{a} f(t) \, dt + C_0[/tex]
where f(t) is a derivative function and C₀ is an initial condition.
Now that we have a "baseline formula", we can substitute in our f(t) derivative function, our limits, and our initial condition:
[tex]\displaystyle f'(x) = \sqrt{\sin^2 x + x} \Rightarrow f(t) = \sqrt{\sin^2 t + t}[/tex]
[tex]\displaystyle \begin{aligned}f(x) & = \int \limits^{x}_{a} f(t) \, dt + C_0 \\& = \int \limits^{x}_{0} \sqrt{\sin^2 t + t} \, dt + f(0) \\& = \boxed{ \int \limits^{x}_{0} \sqrt{\sin^2 t + t} \, dt + 5.420 } \\\end{aligned}[/tex]
∴ our general function is equal to:
[tex]\displaystyle \boxed{ f(x) = \int \limits^{x}_{0} \sqrt{\sin^2 t + t} \, dt + 5.420 }[/tex]
*Note:
There isn't an antiderivative for the general function, so you will have to input the integral into a calculator.
In order to find the value of f at 2π, we substitute x = 2π into our general function:
[tex]\displaystyle \begin{aligned}f(2 \pi) & = \int \limits^{2 \pi}_{0} \sqrt{\sin^2 t + t} \, dt + 5.420 \\& = 11.44863485704886 + 5.420 \\& = 16.868634857 \\& \approx \boxed{ 16.868 } \\\end{aligned}[/tex]
∴ [tex]\displaystyle \boxed{ f(2 \pi) \approx 16.868 }[/tex]
Answer∴ the value of f(2π) is approximately 16.868.
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Topic: Calculus I
Unit: Integration
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