What temp kills E coli?

Answers

Answer 1

When E.coli treated at 160°F or 71°C temperature it gets denatured and dies. This will be helpful in pasteurization of foods.

How heat affects E.coli?By properly boiling food, dangerous bacteria like E. coli and many others can be eliminated. Use a digital food thermometer to check that hamburger is cooked to an internal temperature of at least 71°C (160°F) because ground beef can become brown before disease-causing germs are eliminated.Heat causes changes in E. coli cells that affect the membrane, cytoplasm, ribosome, and DNA, especially when it comes to proteins and causes protein misfolding and aggregation.Heat-shocking makes it easier for plasmid to enter the capable cell. Applications like as protein expression or plasmid amplification will be possible with transformed cells in the future.

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Related Questions

ANSWER ASAP Please! How do groups and periods differ? What trend specifically occurs in either?

Answers

A period is a horizontal row of the periodic table. A group is a vertical row of the periodic table. Periodic trends arise from the changes in the atomic structure of the chemical elements within their respective periods (horizontal rows) and groups in the periodic table.

what are the Common compounds of niobium in which it is found

(include common names and their chemical formulas)

plssss help

Answers

Explanation:

Common Compounds of Niobium Nb

[Nb+3, Nb+5]

Compound NameFormulaMolar Mass

Niobium(III) OxideNb2O3233.811

Niobium(III) SulfateNb2(SO4)3474.0006

Niobium(V) PhosphateNb3(PO4)5753.576

Niobium(V) BromideNbBr5492.4264

Niobium(V) PentoxideNb2O5265.8098

Niobium OxychlorideNbOCl3215.2648

Niobium(V) IodideNbI5727.4287

Niobium(V) PentachlorideNbCl5270.1714

Niobium(V) ThiocyanateNb(SCN)5383.3184

Niobium(III) ChlorideNbCl3199.2654

Niobium(V) Dihydrogen PhosphateNb(H2PO4)5577.84259

Niobium NitrideNbN106.9131

Niobium(III) DichromateNb2(Cr2O7)3833.77676

Niobium HydroxideNb(OH)3143.9284

Niobium(V) PerchlorateNb(ClO4)5590.15938

Niobium(V) HypochloriteNb(ClO)5350.16838

Niobium(III) HypochloriteNb(ClO)3247.26358

Niobium(V) CarbonateNb2(CO3)5485.85726

Niobium(III) TartrateNb2(C4H4O6)3630.02564

Niobium(III) ChromateNb2(CrO4)3533.79386

Niobium(V) HexafluorosilicateNb2(SiF6)5896.192356

how many atoms in 1kg of platinum
a 2.5x10^24

b 3.1x10^24

Answers

Answer:

3.1x10^24 it will be in 1 kg of platinum

How many grams is 2.393 x 10^24 atoms of O?
70.45 g O
140.9 g O
63.58 mole O
63.58 g O

Answers

Answer:

63.58 g O

Explanation:

To calculate the mass of O atoms, the number of moles of O atoms are needed and can be calculated as follows:

n (no. of moles) = nA ÷ 6.02 × 10^23

n = 2.393 x 10^24 ÷ 6.02 × 10^23

n = 0.398 × 10^ (24-23)

n = 0.398 × 10^1

n = 3.98moles.

To calculate the mass of Oxygen, we use the following formula:

moles = mass/molar mass

Molar mass of O = 16.

3.98 = m/16

m = 3.98 × 16

m = 63.68grams of Oxygen.

Answer:

Solution given:

[tex]1 mole \:of O=6.023×10^{23} atoms[/tex]

1 mole of O =16g

we have

[tex] 6.023×10^{23} atoms\: of O=16g[/tex]

now

[tex] 2.393 × 10^{24} atoms\: of \:O\\=16/6.023×10^{23}*2.393 x 10^{24}g\\=63.57g[/tex]

63.57g is a required mass of O.

A very small electronegativity difference leads to a:
a Polar covalent bond
b Non-polar covalent bond
c lonic bond
d None of the above

Answers

Non polar covalent bond

what is the formula for water​

Answers

Answer:

H2O

Explanation:

EASIEST FORMULA ON EARTH

Write the complete balanced equation for Manganese & sulfuric acid --> Manganese (II) sulfate & water & sulfur dioxide

no spaces
no subscripts
no 1's for coefficients

WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST!​

Answers

Answer:

I kinda forgot. I'm sorry if I didn't answer your question.

Explanation:

How many moles of CO2 are in 54.3 g of CO2 ?

Answers

Answer:

There is actually 1 mole in 54.3 g of CO2


If we have 0.072 g of FeCl3 then how many moles are there?

Answers

Answer:

~0.0004

Explanation:

[tex]n=\frac{m}{M}[/tex]

n=0.072/(56+(35.5*3))=0.072/162.5~~0.004

Question is in picture

Answers

Answer:

30

Explanation:

I believe it's 30 because half of 24 is 12 and that is its half life. And as you know it took 30 minutes to get there.

PLEASE Answer asap! Compare two periodic families below. You must include at least two facts about each family. You may use any description of properties or periodic trends to help you.

Answers

Answer:

The alkali metals/group 1 are recognized as a group and family of elements. These elements are metals. Sodium and potassium are examples of elements in this family. Hydrogen is not considered an alkali metal because the gas does not exhibit the typical properties of the group. The largest family of elements consists of transition metals/group 3-12/group 3a. The center of the periodic table contains the transition metals, plus the two rows below the body of the table (lanthanides and actinides) are special transition metals. Even though both are metals, transition metals have higher melting points; they have higher density; they are less reactive with water; they react and form ions with different charges, but Group 1 metals only form 1+ ions. (Hope the is helpful! You can reword it if you want...)

Use words from the box to complete the sentences.

fungi pathogen poison vaccine virus

(a) A bacteria that can cause a disease is an example of a..................................

(b) An obligate parasite that must inhabit a host cell to reproduce is a ...................................

Answers

Answer:

a) pathogen

b) virus

Explanation:

pathogens are harmful bacteria

viruses depend on the host to survive

Which pieces of equipment are
needed to calculate the velocity of a
falling object?
A stopwatch and balance
B speedometer and magnet
C compass and tape measure
D tape measure and stopwatch

Answers

I believe it would be D. Tape measure and stopwatch.
To calculate velocity you’ll need to know the height it is falling from and how long it takes to fall.
Hope this helps!
Please let me know if I was right.
D is the correct answer

Are the following equations balanced or unbalanced?

1. SnO2 + 2H2 → Sn + 2 H2O


2. 4NH3 + 5O2 → 4NO + 6H2O


3. 2B2Br6 + 5HNO3 2 B(NO3)3 + HBr



4. 2KNO3 + 1H2CO3 → 1K2CO3 + 2HNO3

Answers

1. balanced
2. balanced
3. unbalanced
4. balanced

What do greenhouse gases (CO2) do to the atmosphere?

Answers

Answer:

they causes climate change by trapping heat and also they contribute to respiratory diseases from smog and air pollution

Answer:

They add C02 to our atmosphere which can give plants and soils more CO2. It can also make our earths temperature change a ton!

Explanation:

Greenhouse gases produce an increase in the average surface temperature of the earth over time.

Calculate the pH for a 1.0 x 10-5 M solution of OH at 25°C.
pH = -log[H*), pOH = -log[OH-]
14 = pH + POH
0 pH = 11.00
0 pH = 9.00
0 pH = 6.00
0 pH = 3.00

Answers

Answer:

ph=9.00

Explanation:

Given 1.0x10^-15M of OH at 25c

first find Poh from Poh=-log[OH]

then Poh=-log[1.0x10^-5]

from above Ph=5

then find Ph from ph+poh =pw

where pw=14

so

ph+5=14

ph=9.00

The pH for a 1.0 x 10-5 M solution of OH at 25°C is 9.

What is pH?pH is a measure of acidity and basicity of aqueous solution. The range of pH goes from 0 - 14, with 7 being neutral. pH of less than 7 indicate acidity, whereas a pH of greater than 7 indicates a base.pH is the measure of the relative amount of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in aqueous or other solutions.

In water pH + pOH=14

pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 5 = 9

From definition, pOH = - log₁₀ [OH⁻]  

Thus pOH = -log₁₀ (1 x 10⁻⁵)

                  = - (-5) = 5

pH + pOH = 14

pH = 14 - pOH

     = 14 - 5 = 9  

pH = 9

Hence, pH = 9 is the correct answer.

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Student Force
40 N
Student Force
80N
What is the net force in newtons (N)?
What is the direction of the motion? no motion
2

Answers

Answer:

net force is 80n ‐40n=40newton

the direction of motion is right

9. In a laboratory experiment, two groups of rats are fed two different fatty acids as their sole source of carbon for a month. The first group gets heptanoic acid (7:0), and the second gets octanoic acid (8:0). After the experiment, a striking difference is seen between the two groups. Those in the first group are healthy and have gained weight, whereas those in the second group are weak and have lost weight as a result of losing muscle mass. What is the biochemical basis for this difference

Answers

Answer:

Beta oxidation of the odd chain heptanoic acid will produce propionyl CoA, which can be converted in several steps to oxaloacetate. Oxaloacetate is the starting material for the process of gluconeogenesis (producing glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors). This gives extra glucose to the first group, so they will be healthier and gain weight. Beta oxidation of the even chain will entirely be oxidized to acetyl Co-A (one of the precursors of the TCA cycle). This will lead to a large excess of ketone bodies instead of glucose for energy, which will lead to the second group being weak and losing weight.

Explanation:

The difference is seen in having an odd chain and an even chain of fatty acids and how they are broken down and used in the body.

A 25.0 mL sample of HCI reacted with 20.0 mL of 2.00 M NaOH. What is the molarity of the HCI?
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) —> NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
really need help!

Answers

Answer:

Molarity of HCl = 1.6M

Explanation:

The chemical reaction equation is;

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) —> NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Now, molarity = number of moles/volume

Thus, for NaOH, we have;

Number of moles = molarity × volume = 2M × (20/1000) L

Number of moles = 0.04 moles

Using the coefficients in the chemical equation above, we can find the corresponding number of moles for HCl.

Number of moles of HCl = 0.04 moles NaOH × (1 mole of HCl/1 mole of HCl) = 0.04 moles of HCl

Thus;

Molarity of HCl = 0.04/(25/1000)

Molarity of HCl = 1.6M

Why would you rather have hot cocoa than lemonade on a cold day? (The lesson is called heat transfer)

Answers

Answer:

you would more than likely have hot coca.  

Explanation:

Because when its cold out you don't want something cold, its common sense  lol.

pick one answer please do not put any links just type the answer

Answers

Answer is D
Explanation...
D. They have ways to store water for long periods of time.

A 1.26 g sample of He gas has a pressure of 0.123 arm and a volume of 32.6 L. What is the temperature of the sample, in degrees Celsius

Answers

Hello, the answer would be -118*C

A 1.26 g sample of He gas has a pressure of 0.123 arm and a volume of 32.6 L, then the temperature of the gas is -117.7 degree C.

How do we calculate the temperature of gas?

Temperature of any gas will be calculated by using the ideal gas equation as:

PV = nRT, where

P = pressure of gas = 0.123 atm

V = volume of gas = 32.6 L

R = universal gas constant = 0.082 L.atm / K.mol

T = temperature of gas = ?

n is moles of He gas and will be calculated as:

n = W/M, where

W = given mass = 1.26g

M = molar mass = 4 g/mol

n = 1.26 / 4 = 0.315 moles

On putting values we get,

T = (0.123)(32.6) / (0.315)(0.082)

T = 155.41 K = 155.41 - 273.15 = -117.7 degree C

Hence required temperature of the helium sample is -117.7 degree C.

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What is the volume of a balloon that contains 3.7 moles of helium at 75°C
and 5.1 atm?

Answers

Answer: your question is easy 21 L

By using ideal gas law the amount of volume will be 21 L.

What is ideal gas law?

The general gas equation, commonly known as the ideal gas law, is the state equation of a hypothetical ideal gas.

Calculation of volume by using ideal gas law.

Given data:

P = 5.1 atm

n = 3.7 moles

T = 75°C (273 + 75) = 348 K

V = ?

Put the given data in ideal gas law.

PV = nRT

V = nRT / P

V = 3.7 × 8.31 × 348 / 5.1

V = 2098

V = 21 L

Therefore, By using ideal gas law the amount of volume will be 21 L.

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1. What is the symbol for atomic mass? What are the units of atomic mass in terms of atoms? 2. What is the symbol for molar mass? What are the units of molar mass? 3. What is the atomic mass of iron, with units? 4. What is the molar mass of iron, with units? 5. What is formula mass? What are the units of formula mass? 6. What is the formula mass of sodium bicarbonate, with units? 7. What is the molar mass of sodium bicarbonate with units? 8. What is the molar mass of water? 9. What is the molar mass of ammonia, NH3? 10. What is the molar mass of lithium oxide? 11. What is the molar mass magnesium bicarbonate? 12. What is the molar mass of cobalt(III) carbonate?​

Answers

i am NOT gonna read all of that

Iron (III) nitrate (Fe(NO3)3) solution reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution to form a
brown precipitate of iron (III) hydroxide (Fe(OH)3). Sodium nitrate (NaNO3) remains in solution as
it is a soluble compound.
Write the word equation and the balanced formula equation for this reaction.​

Answers

Answer:

Fe(NO3)3 + 3 NaOH ===》Fe(OH)3 + 3 NaNO3

What is the half life of this element?
A. 80 days B. 40 days C. 5 days D. 10 days

Answers

Answer:

c. 5days

Explanation:

there is no question but if it's a graph

the answer is 5days

can someone pleaze help me ​

Answers

Answer:

I think its the last one

Explanation:

Super sorry if its incorrect.

How do i calculate speed and find the direction of a moving object

Answers

To solve for speed or rate use the formula for speed, s = d/t which means speed equals distance divided by time.

The direction of a moving object is the direction the velocity vector points in. Where v1/2 is the magnitude of the velocity halfway to the top of the trajectory. So vdown=−vup - the two velocity vectors point in opposite directions not the same direction.

The boiling temperature of water is directly related to the atmospheric pressure. At sea level, the atmospheric pressure is 760 torr whereas the boiling temperature is 100equationC. If the atmospheric pressure is lower than 760 torr, then the boiling temperature will be less than 100equationC. If the atmospheric pressure is higher than 760 torr, then you would expect the boiling temperature to be higher than 100equationC. At higher elevations, the atmospheric pressure is lower resulting in a lower boiling temperature. For example: Denver, CO experiences a boiling temperature at ~ 94equationC. If you were conducting an experiment that involved boiling water, what would you expect the boiling temperature to be if the atmospheric pressure was 790 torr

Answers

Answer:

If the atmospheric pressure is lower than 760 torr, then the boiling temperature will be less than 100equationC.

B. 97.7°C

Explanation:

The question mentions the fact that temperature and pressure are directly proportional. This means that if one quantity is increasing the other increases simultaneously and vice versa.

Hence, if the atmospheric pressure is lower than 760 torr, then the boiling temperature will be less than 100equationC.

From;

PαT

P=kT

Hence

P/T = k

P1/T1 = P2/T2

P1T2 = P2T1

P1 =  760 torr

T1 = 94°C

T2 = ?

P2 = 790 torr

T2 =  P2T1/P1

T2 = 790 * 94/760

T2 = 97.7°C

Of the following elements ____ can form a rare +4 ion *
a) Aluminum
b) Lead
c) Krypton
d) Uranium

Answers

Answer:

d is the answer.........

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