A series RC circuit that receives its power from a DC source will experience transient phenomena when the circuit closes.
Therefore, it follows that the current flow is not constant over time. Beginning high and falling off exponentially, it eventually reaches zero. The current will be (V/R) x (1/e) at the moment when t=RC. The greatest current value is V/R.
1/e is roughly equal to 0.37.
Therefore, RC is the period of time in a series RC circuit during which the current will decrease to about 37% of its maximum value.
To obtain the necessary current vs. time characteristic, etc., the appropriate value of R and C is chosen based on the needs of the electronic circuit.
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Now let's see what the face of the Moon looks like from the Earth over the course of a month. Change the date to March 7, 2008, at 6:00 AM. Find the Moon and zoom in until it fills the screen (you can do this by simply using the zoom feature. You should be looking at the face of a dark moon. To understand why the Moon is dark at this moment, zoom out until the FOV is about 5°. You should now be able to see both the Sun and the Moon on the screen. • Why is the Moon dark at this moment? Would you be able to see the Moon if it was in this phase? What is this phase of the Moon called? Now zoom back out until the (dark) Moon fills the screen again. Change the hour to advance time and watch as the hours and days pass. What happens to the Moon? . Stop time when the Moon is half illuminated. What is the date? . This phase of the Moon is called First Quarter. How many days have passed since New Moon? Advance time again to answer the following questions What date is it? What phase of the moon is it? ● . D How many days have passed since the First Quarter Moon? How many days have passed since the New Moon? What day is it? What phase of the moon is it?
A lunar month is the period of time during which the Moon's phases repeat. There are around 29 days in a lunar month. There are therefore twelve lunar months Every two or three years, there is a lunar year with 13 full moons, which is used to adjust the days to the calendar like we do with leap years.
The Moon is a satellite that may have been created when the Earth was struck by the enormous planet Theia 4.5 billion (4500 million) years ago. A portion of the Earth broke off and was retained by gravity in an orbit around the planet.
The Moon has a 1738 km average radius. While the Moon travels around 4 cm away from Earth year, the average distance between them is 384400 km.
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Help!!
Batman is chasing the joker. If, while gliding down towards him at 75 m/s, it takes him 30 seconds to catch him, how far away was the joker? And how many kilometers is that?
If it takes 30 seconds for the Batman to catch the joker while gliding towards him at 75 m/s, batman is 2,250 meters away from the joker. In kilometers, the distance is 2.25 kilometers.
Distance is calculated by the product of the speed and time.
The speed of the batman is 75 m/s and the time taken by the batman to catch the joker is 30 seconds.
Hence the distance between joker and batman is calculated as:
Distance = 75 m/s × 30 s = 2250 meters
According to unit conversion from meters to kilometers, 1 kilometers has 1000 meters. Hence the distance in kilometers is, 2.25 kilometers.
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A motorbike covered a displacement of 20 kilometers West in 30 minutes. Calculate its
average velocity in km/h.
A motorbike covered a displacement of 20 kilometers West in 30 minutes. Its average velocity in km/h will be 40 km/h
Average velocity is defined as the change in position divided by the time intervals in which that change occurs or displacement divided by time in which that displacement occurred. The SI unit of average velocity is meters per second (m/s or ms-1).
given
distance = 20 km
time = 30 minutes = 1/2 hour
average velocity = distance / time
= 20 / 0.5 = 40 km/h
Its average velocity in km/h will be 40 km/h
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a merry-go-round is spinning at a rate of 6.06.0 revolutions per minute. cora is sitting 0.50.5 m from the center of the merry-go-round and cameron is sitting right on the edge, 2.0 m from the center. what is the relationship between the rotational speeds of the two children?
Cora rotational speed is the same as Cameron's rotational speed.
merry-go-angular round's velocity is 2n = 2x 6.06/60 =.1x radian/s
This will represent the system's overall rotating speed, including Cora and Cameron's. It is independent of where they are in relation to the merry-go-center. round's
Cora's rotating speed is equal to Cameron's rotational speed.
The number of rotations a spinning system completes within a specified amount of time can be used to measure rotational speed. Pump speed is often expressed in min-1, whereas rotational speed is measured in s-1 (rev/s) (rpm).
Therefore, the rotational speed of a pump is determined by the pump shaft's spinning frequency (n). It is never specified as a negative number and is not to be confused with particular speed (ns).The impeller's designated direction of rotation—clockwise when moving to the right with regard to the direction of inflow—is distinct from the pump's required clockwise or anti-clockwise rotation.
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A ball is rolling down a hill with an acceleration of 7 m/s^2. The ball has a mass of 10 kg. How much force will the ball apply to a car if it hits a parked car at the bottom of the hill?
70 N force will the ball apply to a car if it hits a parked car at the bottom of the hill.
Push or pull on an object is called force and is unit is kg/ms⁻² or newton and is shown as N.
Force, F = ma
m = mass of an object, given = 10 kg
a = acceleration of an object, given = 7 ms⁻²
Put these values in the formula, F = ma
F = 10 × 7
F = 70 N
Hence, 70 N force will the ball apply to a car if it hits a parked car at the bottom of the hill.
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to sharpen a knife, you push with a force of 5n so that the edge of the knife is against a stone. the stone will sharpen the knife if it is spinning. the 30cm diameter stone is spinning at 200rpm and has a mass of 30kg. the coefficient of kinetic friction between the knife and the stone is 0.30. after 10 seconds of grinding what is the angular speed of the stone?
The final angular speed will be 194 rpm.
From the statement:
force = 5 N
mass of the stone = 30 kg
diameter of the stone = 30 cm = 0.30 m
the radius of the stone will be = 0.15 m
initial angular velocity = 200rpm
coefficient of kinetic friction = 0.3
time for which knife kept on stone = 10 s
moment of inertia (I) = 0.5mr² (considering the stone as a solid ring )
= 0.5 (30 × (0.15)²)
= 15 × 0.0225
= 0.3375 kgm²
Now ,we know that
torque = I α
Also torque = F x r (r = perpendicular distance )
here force will be μF = 0.3F
therefore ,
Iα = μF × r
0.5 (30 × (0.15)²) × α = 0.3 × 5 × 0.15
∴ α = 0.6
the value of acceleration will be negative as the wheel is slowing down
∴ α = - 0.6
Now , using the 1st equation of motion
ω' = ω +αt
ω' = 200 -0.6 (10)
ω' = 194 rpm.
Hence the angular speed of the stone will be 194 rpm.
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A gas-filled balloon is submerged in a fluid. As a result, the balloon is subject to inward forces from all sides. How does the volume of the balloon change?.
A fluid is buried beneath a gas-filled balloon. The balloon is therefore vulnerable to internal forces coming from all directions. The object's volume diminishes.
Define the term volume:-Volume is a measurement of three-dimensional space that is occupied. Numerous imperial units or SI-derived units, such as the cubic meter and liter, are frequently used to quantify it numerically (such as the gallon, quart, and cubic inch).
What Results Does Force Have?Motion is described in physics as a change in position with respect to time. Motion, to put it simply, is the movement of a body. Motion is typically characterized as:
Variation in speedChange of courseHere are some of the consequences that the Force can have.
A body at rest can be forced to move.It can either slow down or stop a moving body.It can quicken the pace of a moving object.Along with altering its size and shape, it can alter the direction of a moving body as well.Learn more about Force here:-
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An in-line skater first accelerates from 0.0m/s to 5.0m/s in 4.5s, then continues at this constant speed for another 4.5 s. What is the total distance by the in line skater
The total distance covered by the skater is equal to 33.75m.
What are equations of motion?Equations of motion are the equations that set up the relationship between the distance, velocity, time ad acceleration of an object. For a body in motion, we can use the equations of motion to calculate these parameters.
Given, the initial velocity of the skater, u = 0
The final velocity of the skater, v = 5m/s
The distance of the skater is d₁ in the first interval t₁ and with d₂ in the second interval t₂.
d = d₁ + d₂
From the first equation of motion: v = u + at
5 = 0 + (4.5)a
a = 1.11 m/s²
The distance covered by the skater, v² = u²+ 2ad₁
(5)² = 0 + 2(1.11)d₁
d₁ = 11.25 m
In the second interval, distance: d₂= vt₂
d = (5) (4.5) = 22.5 m
The total distance covered by the skater is d = 22.5 + 11.25 = 33.75 m
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In the district soccer championship finals, Elizabeth kicks a 0.56 kg soccer ball with a force of 18.2 N. How much does she accelerate the soccer ball from rest in the process?
From Newton's 2nd law, we get the acceleration on the ball is 32.5 m/s².
Explain Newton's laws of motion?
The three fundamental rules of classical mechanics known as Newton's laws of motion describe how an object's motion and the forces acting on it interact. The following is a paraphrasing of these laws:
Newton's 1st law - Unless acted upon by a force, a body remains at rest or in motion in a straight line at a constant pace.
Newton's 2nd law - When a body is subject to a force, the force is equal to the time rate at which the body's momentum changes.
Newton's 3rd law - When two bodies exert force on one another, the forces are equal in size but directed in different directions.
Isaac Newton initially identified the three principles of motion in his 1687 book Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy).
From Newton's 2nd law of motion, F = ma
where, F = Force (N), m = Mass (kg), a = Acceleration (m/s²)
Given, F = 18.2 N, m = 0.56 kg
So, a = F/m = 18.2/0.56 = 32.5 m/s²
Hence, the acceleration on the ball is 32.5 m/s².
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runs with constant velocity of 3.5m/s 2 seconds later bicyclist accelerates at 2.4m/s squared until he catches runner how long does it take to catch the runner and how far has the runner traveled
It takes 2.916s for the bicyclist to catch the runner and the runner had ran 17.2m with constant velocity of 3.5m/s
What is velocity?How quickly or slowly an object is moving can be determined by its velocity and speed. The need to determine which of two or more moving objects is moving faster arises frequently in our daily lives.
If both vehicles are traveling down the same road in the same direction, it is simple to determine which is moving more quickly.
To tell who is moving faster, though, is challenging if they are moving in the opposite direction. The idea of velocity is valuable in such circumstances
Lets say runner and bicyclist start at a point vi
The distance bicyclist cover to catch runner is [tex]S = (v_i)t = \frac{1}{2} at^2[/tex]
As the initial velocity is zero distance [tex]S = \frac{1}{2} at^2[/tex]
For the runner, distance he could run before bicyclist overpassed him is
S = vt
Now as athletes was 7m ahead so
= (athlete)S = (bicyclist)S
= (athlete)S = (bicyclist)S - 7
Substitute the values
= vt = [tex]\frac{1}{2} at^2[/tex]
= 3.5t = [tex]\frac{1}{2} (2.4)t^2[/tex]
= 3.5t = 1.2t²
= 3.5 = 1.2t
= t = 2.916s
Distance of runner = 3.5 × 2.916s
= 10.206 + 7m
= 17.2m
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A ball of mass 1 kg is dropped from a height of 3 m. Assume no air resistance. After it bounces off the ground it only reaches a height of 2 m. What is the change in momentum of the before and after the bounce?.
energy at first = mg (3) J = 29.4J
Energy after bouncing: mg(2) = 19.6 J
Energy changed by the ball: 29.4J - 19.6J = 9.8J
Heat energy or sound energy are two ways that this energy is lost.
Work performed during the bounce equals 9.8J.
d. Momentum change = mvf-mvi
29.4 = 1/2mvi2
vf =7.668m/s
19.6J =1/2mvf2
vf=6.261m/s
Change of momentum is equal to 1kg x (-1.407m/s)/1kg = -1.407 kg/s (m(vf-vi)).
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a rowboat is being pulled by two ropes tied to the front of the boat. one rope is along the x-axis direction and exerts a force of 50 n. the other is along the y-axis direction and exerts a force of 100 n. what is the magnitude of the net force that the ropes exert on the boat?
If the two known sides of the force triangle are drawn to scale, we can determine the magnitude of the resultant vector by measuring the length of the vector and by the scale factor used for the other two sides.
The size of the force triangle can be determined by measuring the length of the resultant vector and multiplying it by the scale factor used for the other two sides if the two known sides of the force triangle are drawn to scale. We can measure its angle using a compass from the same reference line to determine its direction.
The force triangle must be drawn accurately, and the length and angle of the resulting triangle must be measured precisely for the graphical approach to be accurate. Consequently, a significant mistake could be introduced.
Using the laws of sines and cosines to solve for the resultant is an alternate method. To do this, we must first identify the scale force triangle's angle b. Since the opposite corners of a parallelogram have identical angles, we may calculate the value of b using the force parallelogram given below.
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a 5.0 g coin is placed 15 cm from the center of a turntable. the coin has static and kinetic coefficients of friction with the turntable surface of and the turntable very slowly speeds up to 60 rpm. does the coin slide off
The turntable rotates very slowly at 60 rpm, hence the coin does not slide off as the static friction force is greater than the centripetal force.
Missing data from the question:
Static coefficients of friction (μs) = 0.8
Kinetic coefficients of friction (μk) = 0.5
There are two forces works on the coin, the friction force and the centripetal force. The coin will start to slide off if the centripetal force is equal to the maximum static friction force.
Let:
Fs = static friction force
Fc = centripetal force
Fs = μs . mg
Fc = m . v²/R = m . ω²R
Where:
m = coin's mass
g = gravitational acceleration = 10 m/s²
ω = angular velocity
Parameters given:
R = 15 cm = 15 . 10⁻² m
m = 5 gram = 5 . 10⁻³ kg
ω = 60 rpm = 60 . 2π/60 = 2π rad/s
Hence,
Fs = μs . mg = 0.8 . 5 . 10⁻³ . 10 = 4 . 10⁻² N
Fc = m . ω²R = 5 . 10⁻³ . (2π)² . 15. 10⁻² = 2.96 .10⁻² N
Since Fs > Fc, hence the coin does not slide off.
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a winninmg team lifted a 3 kg trophy 2m up into the air what is the change in gpe of the trophy
The change in gpe ( gravitational potential energy ) of trophy of mass 3 kg that is lifted 2 m up in the air is 58.8 J
ΔPE = m g h
ΔPE = Change in potential energy
m = Mass
g = Acceleration due to gravity
h = Height
m = 3 kg
h = 2 m
g = 9.8 m / s²
ΔPE = 3 * 9.8 * 2
ΔPE = 58.8 J
Gravitational potential energy of an object is due to the presence of gravity. The higher the object is from the point of surface from which the gravity is exerted, higher will be its potential energy.
The change in gpe of the trophy is 58.8 J
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What is the main feature of an interdisciplinary science?
A cooperative method for combining the knowledge and skills of professionals in two or more professions
What does "interdisciplinary" mean?The integration of concepts and traits from several fields is made possible by interdisciplinary study. In addition, it helps kids gain critical, adaptable abilities while addressing their unique individual differences.
What drives multidisciplinary research?Interdisciplinary research integrates information, data, methodologies, methods, viewpoints, concepts, or theories from two or more fields of study.
Interdisciplinary science is the collaborative process of fusing the knowledge/expertise of trained people from two or more disciplines, utilizing multiple viewpoints, approaches, and research methods/methodologies, to produce progress beyond the capacity of one discipline.
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Answer:
1.Environmental science is a discipline in the sciences that deals with the relationship between living and non-living things and the effects they have on one another, whether positive or negative. It focuses specifically on the effects of humans on the environment. Environmental science is a highly interdisciplinary field that includes both basic and applied aspects
2.An applied science is a science that seeks to solve an immediate problem.
3.The main feature of an interdisciplinary science is its collaboration across differing disciplines. Experts from different fields use their skills to piece together complex answers from a variety of perspectives.
4.c
5.a
6.f
7.e
8.b
9d
Explanation:
PF
Please help me quickly
Answer:
it will decrease
Explanation:
because the ice will melt
rank the microtidal forces on your own body, from greatest to least, produced by the following: rank from greatest to least. to rank items as equivalent, overlap them. earth sun moon
Tidal forces depends on the masses and distance between the objects which are connected by gravitational force. The microtidal force generated on our body is higher from earth itself then from moon and last from the sun.
What is tidal force?Tidal forces is an effect of gravitational pull or more scientifically the change in gravitational potential energy which creates periodic movements in the sea and changes in water level.
Tidal force are generated on earth by the gravitational pull from sun and moon. This force is cyclical and and repeats in a regular manner. Tide force is directly proportional to mass and inversely proportional to the cube of the distance.
Tidal force ∝ mass / (distance)³
Thus, if the force is solely based on the mass we can clearly say that the tidal force from the sun is greater than that from the moon. But when considering the distance, sun is 390 times farther than moon.
Hence, when taking its cube that much lower will the tidal force from sun compare to moon. Therefore, the microtidal forces that we can affect is greater from the earth itself and then from the moon and last from the sun.
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What is the wavelength in nanometers of light with a frequency of 2. 840 × 1014 hz?.
The wavelength is: 671nm (red light).
Wavelength relates to frequency as follows:
λ=vf
in which f is the frequency,
v is the speed of light, and
λ is the wavelength.
Filling this in for the example:
v=3⋅108ms f=4.47⋅1014
Hz=4.47⋅1014s−1λ
=3⋅108ms4.47⋅1014s−1
=6.71⋅10−7m
from m to nm is ⋅109
So the wavelength is: 671nm (red light).
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it is possible to use a simple machine and gain no mechanical advantage
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
Two identical balls are rolling toward one another, one from the left and the other from the right. The mass of each ball is 1.0 kg and the speed of each ball is 3.0 m/s. After an elastic collision, both balls roll away from one another at the same speed. What is the momentum of each ball before the collision and what is the total momentum of the two-ball system after the collision?
Each ball had a momentum of 3 kg m/s before the collision, and
the system of two balls had a total momentum of 0 kg m/s after the collision.
Given,
Each ball has a mass (m) of 1.0 kg.
Each ball moves at a speed (v) of 3.0 m/s.
Momentum (P) = Mass(m) x Velocity (v)
As a result of the identical mass and speed of both balls, the momentum of each ball before the collision would be:
P = mv
P = 1 * 3 kg m/s
P = 3 kg m/s
The momentum of each ball before the collision is 3 kg m/s.
When two identical balls roll in the opposite direction at the same speed with the same mass, their combined momentum would be as follows:
P = m₁v₁ - m₂v₂
P = 1 * 3 - 1 * 3
P = 3 - 3
P = 0 kg m/s
The collision is elastic, thus. The entire momentum before and after the collision is zero (0).
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explain why calculating height from bone length is useful to a forensic pathologist
where are bone cells made of? select all that apply
heart,
liver,
blood vessels,
red bone marrow
Answer:
The answers are red bone marrow and blood vessels.
Explanation:
Bone marrow is made of stem cells. These stem cells make red bone marrow, which creates blood cells and platelets for your blood.
Ima Stomaksic is walking from lunch to her PE class. She exits the lunchroom and walks 43m west. She then turns and walks 72m north down the hallway leading to the locker room. Determine the magnitude and direction of Ima's resultant displacement, and the angle of the displacement.
The magnitude and direction of Ima's resultant displacement is 83.86 m and 30.8⁰ respectively.
What is the resultant displacement?The magnitude of Ima's resultant displacement is calculated as follows;
When she returns, her new position, a = 43 m east
Final position, b = 72 m north
Resultant displacement, d = √a² + b²
d = √(43² + 72²)
d = 83.86 m
The direction of the resultant displacement is calculated as follows;
tan θ = 43 / 72
where;
θ is the direction of the displacement obtained by forming right triangle from the initial and final positiontan θ = 0.597
θ = arc tan(0.597)
θ = 30.8⁰
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in order to measure the properties of a battery, several resistors are connected to the battery in series and the terminal voltage is measured. in the first case, the resistor has resistance r1
a)current through a battery I=ΔVJR b) emf of the battery using is e=I(r+R).
c) emf in terms of r. R and ΔV is e=ΔV/R(R+r).
Electricity, which is the flow of electrons, or current, over a wire, creates electric and magnetic fields, which are imperceptible zones of energy (also known as radiation).
Voltage is the force used to force the electrons through the wire, much like water is pushed through a pipe, creating an electric field. The electric field gets stronger as the voltage rises. Volts per metre (V/m) is a unit of measurement for electric fields. EMF, or electromagnetic fields, are the collective term for electric and magnetic fields. Radiation from electromagnetic sources produces the electric and magnetic forces found in EMFs. EMFs can be divided into two primary groups:
X-rays and gamma rays are examples of higher-frequency EMFs. These electromagnetic fields (EMFs) fall within the category of ionising radiation.
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students in a technology class are racing cars propelled by carbon dioxide cartridges. a burst of gas is released when the seal of the cartridge is broken, and this propels the car down the track. the cartridges are designed to provide a certain impulse. use the concepts of impulse and momentum to explain why such a cartridge will propel a lighter car to a higher speed.
The carbon dioxide cartridge will propel a lighter car to a higher speed because a car with small mass experience a larger change in velocity and a car with large mass experience smaller change in velocity.
In this experiment, gas cartridge provides a certain impulse. Consequently, the mass of gas in cartridge is much less than than the mass of car. We therefore treat it as a constant and write it using this equation below:
Impulse J=Δp=mΔv
Change in velocity (Δv)=Impulse/mass
From the above expressions then clearly a car with small mass experience a larger change in velocity, and a car with large mass experience smaller change in velocity, as we know:
Change in velocity=Impulse/mass
Δv=J/m
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is it safe to drive your 1600-kg car at a speed of 27 m/s around a level highway curve of radius 150 m if the effective coefficient of static friction between the car and the road is 0.40? explain
It is not safe to drive at this speed since the centrifugal force is larger than the force due to friction.
The centrifugal force on car is
F=mv²/r
F= 1600*27*27/150
F=7776N
force due to static friction is
Fst=μN
= 0.4*1600*9.8
=6272N
The frictional force between a washer and a metal rod is then compared to the centrifugal force necessary to overcome static friction between a washer and a rod that is experiencing rotational acceleration. This equivalence allows us to compute the theoretical velocity at which the washer starts to slip off the rod. Static friction now enters the picture to prevent slipping before it even begins. By acting radially inward to the turn, it resists the motion by acting in the opposite direction. As a result, if you think of the turn as a portion of a circle, static friction will act as the centripetal force.
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consider the previous problem involving the velocity addition law. let us pose a more general problem with a series of observers in a line: suppose one observer sees a second observer moving away from them at a speed . the second observer sees a third moving away from her in the same direction at . similarly, the third observer sees a fourth moving away from him, and so on up to some large number n. what is the speed of the n-th observer relative to the first observer?
The speed of the n-th observer relative to the first observer is n time the number of observers.
The relative velocity is described as the velocity of an item with appreciation to some other observer. it's miles the time fee of change of relative role of one object with recognize to some other item.
Absolutely the speed of an item is its velocity with appreciation to a hard and fast coordinate system, while the relative velocity of two objects is the difference among their velocities with appreciation to every other. The concept of relative movement speed in a plane is pretty much just to the entire idea of relative pace in an immediate line. considering various events, we take in more than one object moving in a body which is non-stationary in admiration to another viewer.
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PLEASE HELP ASAP, THANK YOU!
Why do you think Saturn and Jupiter have more moons than the other planets in our solar system?
This is more of an Astronomy question than physics but there’s no astronomy option
Answer: They are bigger
Explanation: They are the biggest planets in our Solar System and attract more to them so they would obviously have more moons than all of the other planets.
Answer:
Explanation:
Because of the huge mass of these planets.
a slender uniform rod 100.00 cm long is used as a meter stick. two parallel axes that are perpendicular to the rod are considered. the first axis passes through the 50-cm mark and the second axis passes through the 20-cm mark. what is the ratio of the moment of inertia through the second axis to the moment of inertia through the first axis?
the ratio of the moment of inertia through the second axis to the moment of inertia through the first axis is 0.676
The second axis is at the centroid of the rod.
The length of the rod is L = 100 cm = 1 m
The first axis is located at 20 cm = 0.2 m from the centroid.
Let m = the mass of the rod.
The moment of inertia about the centroid (the 2nd axis) is
Ig = ml^3/12 = (m kg) (1 m)^2/12 = m/12 kg - m^2
The parallel axis theorem states that
I1 = m/12+0.04 m = 0.1233 m kg - m2 is the moment of inertia about the first axis.
The ratio of the moment of inertia through the centroid of the second axis to the first axis is
Ig/I1= 0.0833 m / 0.1233 m = 0.676
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If the distance between us and a star is doubled, with everything else remaining the same, the luminosity.
If the distance between us and a star is doubled, with everything else remaining the same, the luminosity, but the apparent brightness is decreased by a factor of four.
Luminosity is the term used to describe the total energy produced by various celestial bodies (stars, galaxies) in a certain amount of time. It is primarily measured in joules per second or watts in SI units. The radiant power emitted by a light-emitting item is defined as luminosity, which is the absolute measure of electromagnetic power (light).
The absolute bolometric magnitude of an object, also known as luminosity, is the unit used to describe the rate of total energy emission and is expressed in terms of the luminosity of the sun. By using the absorption method and heating measurement, a bolometer can be utilized to quantify radiant energy.
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