Answer:
Biotic community
Explanation:
Definition of biotic :living organisms in the ecosystem .Example Frog,fish,and etc.
Definition of Abiotic: Nonliving things in the ecosystem. Examples wind,water,and etc.
What is the evidence from Studies 1 and 2 that capacitors and inductors worked in opposite ways?Passage III
A capacitor is the name for a device that stores electrical charge. Capacitance is the amount of charge that a capacitor can hold at a given voltage. In a science class, a teacher instructed her students to determine the charge on a parallel plate capacitor with a fixed capacitance. Students conducted a few different studies with this capacitor.
Study 1
Students constructed an electrical circuit with the capacitor, as shown in Figure 1. The capacitor was initially uncharged.
Students then charged the capacitor and recorded the voltage at specific time intervals. They then used a computer program to help them graph this information, which is recorded in Figure 2.
With this data, students then calculated the current at each time interval and recorded this information in Table 1. The students noted any trends and determined that voltage and current initially change rapidly before leveling out.
Study 2
The teacher then introduced students to an inductor and explained that, contrary to capacitors, which store energy in an electric field, inductors store energy in a magnetic field produced by the current running through the wire. As a result,
inductors oppose changes in current and act opposite of capacitors, which oppose changes in voltage. She then drew a diagram on the board for students, Figure 3.
The teacher then recorded the decay in voltage over time and represented this in a graph for students, as shown in Figure 4.
Finally, she plotted the drop in voltage and increase in current in a chart similar to the one that the students had produced in Study 1 (see Table 2).
Question 1 of 2
What is the evidence from Studies 1 and 2 that capacitors and inductors worked in opposite ways?
As time progressed, capacitor voltage increased while inductor voltage decreased.
As time progressed, capacitor voltage decreased while inductor voltage increased.
As time progressed, capacitor current increased while inductor current decreased.
The opposition of a capacitor to a change in voltage versus an inductor's opposition to a change in current is one of the key distinctions between the two devices.
What is a capacitor?Once more, a capacitor can be set up in many different ways. With an electric charge on each plate, the most basic design consists of two parallel conducting plates (but a net charge of zero).A magnetic field is produced inside the capacitor by the electric charge on these plates. An alteration in the electric potential across the plates is necessary because there is an electric field. Depending on how much is being charged, this potential difference's worth can vary. One way to express the capacitor's potential difference is as follows:Δvc = Q/C
Here, C, the capacitance measured in Farads, is only affected by the device's physical design.The value of the charge on the plates will change if a current is flowing into the capacitor. If there is a steady (or low frequency) current, this current will keep adding charge to the plates to raise the electric potential until finally, this potential will operate like an open circuit with the capacitor voltage being equal to the battery voltage (or power supply). The capacitor will behave as though it were not there if there is a high frequency current because the charge will be added to and subtracted from the plates in the capacitor without any charge buildup.To Learn more About capacitor refer To:
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Complete this valence molecular-orbital diagram for oxygen, O2. Click the blue boxes to add electrons as needed.
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons, and O₂ will have 12 valence electrons molecular orbitals that form bonds have less energy.
What is a molecular-orbital diagram for oxygen?The molecular orbital theory states that a molecule's molecular orbitals are created by joining its atomic orbitals, and the electrons inside the molecule are dispersed among the molecular orbitals.
There are 16 electrons in all that make up an O2 molecule. In this context, bonding molecular orbitals refer to the sigma and pi orbitals.
The image of the molecular-orbital diagram for oxygen is attached below.
Therefore, oxygen has 6 valence electrons, and O₂ will have 12 valence electrons.
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3- Knowing that the human diploid cell has 2n = 46 chromosomes, Indicate the number of:
a- Chromosomes in each cell obtained at the end of mitotic cell division and the number of chromatids per each chromosome.
b- Chromosomes and chromatids per each chromosome in the cell during metaphase of mitosis.
c- Chromosomes and chromatids per each chromosome in the cell during G1 of interphase.
d- DNA molecules in the cell during G1 of interphase and prophase of mitotic cell division.
e- DNA molecules in the gamete.
f- DNA molecules in the cell during Metaphase 1 of meiosis 1 and Prophase 2 of meiosis 2.
g-Chromosomes and chromatids per each chromosome in the cell during Metaphase 2 of meiosis 2.
h- Chromosomes and chromatids per each chromosome in each cell obtained at the end of meiosis 1.
i-Chromosomes and chromatids per each chromosome in each cell obtained at the end of meiosis 2.
Explanation:
Knowing that the human diploid cell has 2n = 46 chromosomes, Indicate the number of:
a- Chromosomes in each cell obtained at the end of mitotic cell division and the number of chromatids per each chromosome.
b- Chromosomes and chromatids per each chromosome in the cell during metaphase of mitosis.
c- Chromosomes and chromatids per each chromosome in the cell during G1 of interphase.
d- DNA molecules in the cell during G1 of interphase and prophase of mitotic cell division.
e- DNA molecules in the gamete.
f- DNA molecules in the cell during Metaphase 1 of meiosis 1 and Prophase 2 of meiosis 2.
g-Chromosomes and chromatids per each chromosome in the cell during Metaphase 2 of meiosis 2.
h- Chromosomes and chromatids per each chromosome in each cell obtained at the end of meiosis 1.
i-Chromosomes and chromatids per each chromosome in each cell obtained at the end of meiosis 2.
The diagram below shows fossils in three layers of rocks. (4 points) Picture shows three layers of rocks labeled Layer A, Layer B, and Layer C from bottom to top. Each layer of rock has a fossil. Which of these conclusions is most likely correct about the organisms found in the layers of rocks? The organism in Layer A is more complex than the organism in Layer B. The organism in Layer B is more complex than the organism in Layer C. The organism in Layer C is a modern form of the organism in Layer B. The organism in Layer A is a modern form of the organism in Layer B.
The diagram below shows fossils in three layers of rocks. (4 points) Picture shows three layers of rocks labeled Layer A, Layer B, and Layer C from bottom to top. Each layer of rock has a fossil, the most likely correct about the organisms found in the layers of rocks: The organism in Layer C is a modern form of the organism in Layer B.
What are fossils?The preserved remnants of plants and animals that were submerged in sediments like sand and mud beneath ancient seas, lakes, and rivers are known as fossils. Any preserved sign of life that is generally older than 10,000 years is considered a fossil.
Shells, bones, animal or microbe impressions in stone, exoskeletons, items preserved in amber, petrified wood, coal, hair, oil, and DNA traces are a few examples of fossils.
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy is not created or destroyed. It changes form or is transformed.
The top layer of rocks is younger than bottom, it means that the toppest layer is modern.
correct option: C
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List the significant events of the light-dependent reaction (ETC). Include which reactants and products are involved. Highlight what will be released as a product and what will move on to the second stage. Be sure to include where the process occurs in the chloroplast.
Answer:
The light-dependent reactions, also known as the photoelectric effect or photoexcitation, are a series of chemical reactions that occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts in plant cells. These reactions are an important part of photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy.
The key events of the light-dependent reactions include the following:
The absorption of light by pigments such as chlorophyll and carotenoids. These pigments are located in the thylakoid membranes and are able to absorb specific wavelengths of light.
The transfer of electrons from pigments to electron carriers such as NADPH and ATP. This transfer results in the production of NADPH and ATP, which are used in the light-independent reactions to convert carbon dioxide into glucose and other organic molecules.
The pumping of protons across the thylakoid membrane by the enzyme ATP synthase. This creates a proton gradient that drives the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
The transfer of electrons from the electron carriers to oxygen, the final electron acceptor. This reaction produces water, which is a byproduct of photosynthesis.
The end products of the light-dependent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and water. These products are then used in the light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle or the dark reactions, to convert carbon dioxide into glucose and other organic molecules. The light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts, while the light-independent reactions occur in the stroma, the fluid-filled region outside the thylakoid membranes
Explanation:
A city has an outbreak of a disease that affects an unusually large portion of its population at the same time. which term best describes the outbreak?
Answer:
Epidemic best describes the outbreak.
How GM foods are and/or can negatively impact the environment?
The main concerns about GMOs revolve around allergies, cancer, and environmental issues, all of which may have an impact on the consumer.
Crops do not harm the environment simply because they are genetically modified. Some farming practises, such as the excessive use of herbicides, which results in the eradication of wild plants from farmland, have been shown to be harmful to the environment. These issues apply to both types of crops, non-GM and GM.
The most serious GMO risks to humans are the development of allergens to GM-related crops and toxicity from GM crops. However, studies show that GM crops have advantages, such as increased nutritional value in foods.
Genetically Modified foods are intended to be healthier and less expensive to produce. GMO foods have several advantages, including more nutrients, fewer pesticides, and lower prices. GMO foods can cause allergic reactions or increased antibiotic resistance.
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Lactiferous sinuses merge at the ________ of the breast
The breast's Nipple is where the lactiferous sinuses merge.
In the slice, the primary lactiferous ducts meet at the nipple. Before any blue lobules are created, two large lactiferous channels are visible lengthwise to descend a few millimeters. In fact, this is nature's nursing bottle.
There are around nine milk ducts and nerves in each nipple. Areolae: The region of dark skin that surrounds the nipple and is round in shape is known as an areola.
The nipple is connected to about 15–20 ducts. When nursing, the nipple serves as an outlet for milk flow. Additionally, the nipple has smooth muscles that have the ability to erect the nipple.
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What does cyanide do to the body?
Answer:
Cyanide prevents the cells of the body from using oxygen. When this happens, the cells die. Cyanide is more harmful to the heart and brain than to other organs because the heart and brain use a lot of oxygen
The basic structure of a virus consists of?
The simplest virus is made up of two fundamental parts: a nucleic acid and a protein shell called a capsid. The capsid serves as a shell to protect the viral genome from nucleases and binds the virion to specific receptors on the potential host cell during infection.
What is the structure of a virus made up of?A virus is composed of a core of genetic material, either DNA or RNA, that is encased in a protein-based capsid that serves as its protective covering. The envelope, a second spikey coat, is occasionally present around the capsid. Viruses have the ability to attach to host cells and enter them.
The genetic material that makes up a virus particle is contained inside a capsid, which is a protein shell. A virus's genetic material, or genome, can be either circular or linear and can be made up of single- or double-stranded DNA or RNA.
They lack cytoplasm and other cellular organelles because they are acellular. They require the metabolic apparatus of the host cell to proliferate because they have no independent metabolism.
Thus, The simplest virus is made up of two fundamental parts: a nucleic acid and a protein shell called a capsid.
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What are some of the possible problems that can be caused by genetically modified crops?
Some potential concerns include:
a decrease in insect biodiversity when crops become insect resistant.unanticipated effects on other crops or animals.creating more weeds or harder-to-kill invasive species.GMO gene transmission to wild plants and animals.The main concerns about GMOs revolve around allergies, cancer, and environmental issues, all of which may have an impact on the consumer. While current research suggests that there are few risks, more long-term research is required. There is little or no control over the copy number or site of integration of the introduced DNA, reliance on selectable markers for trait recovery, and insufficient knowledge of how to control key metabolic steps to maximise desirable traits.
Genetic engineering results in genetically modified animals, plants, and organisms. They can have an impact on biodiversity if introduced into the environment. Existing species, for example, may be displaced by more dominant new species. These and other potential consequences are taken into account during the licencing process.
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a car owner decides to leave his car outside on a cold winter day. the next morning, the driver noticed ice on the windshield, a product of deposition. choose the best reason explaining this phenomenon. what happened?
Deposition occurs when water vapor in the air turns into a solid and is deposited onto a surface. When the air temperature is below the freezing point of water, any water vapor that comes into contact with a surface will freeze. In this case, the water vapor in the air likely condensed onto the cold surface of the windshield and froze, forming ice. So your anwser is deposition!
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blood is a fluid made up of several different parts. what level of structural organization best describes blood?
Blood is a fluid composed of numerous components. The tissue level of structural organization best describes blood.
In any multicellular organism, cells rarely work alone. Cells that are similar in structure and function are usually joined together to form tissues. Tissues are the second level of organization. Bone cells in your body from bone tissue, a strong solid tissue that gives you shape and support.
Blood cells in your body are part of blood tissue, a liquid tissue responsible for transporting food and oxygen throughout the body. Tissues are further organized in organs, the third level of organization in living things.
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Who was the first to identify DNA and what was the name given to it by him Class 12?
Answer:
The molecule now known as DNA was first identified in the 1860s by a Swiss chemist called Johann Friedrich Miescher. Johann set out to research the key components of white blood cells. part of our body's immune system. The main source of these cells was pus-coated bandages collected from a nearby medical clinic.
Explanation:
Can water snails asexually reproduce?
Yes, water snails can asexually reproduce. They have both female and male reproductive cells (hermaphrodite) and don't actually need to mate with another snail to reproduce, self fertilization is possible.
Why do snails reproduce asexually?They are hermaphrodite and hence reproduce asexually. Pond snails can also reproduce sexually. They lay jellylike masses of eggs under water on plants and on the sides of the container/aquarium and the eggs hatch in around 10–20 days depending on temperature.
In other words, we can say that, they carry both sperm and eggs and can reproduce without the help of another snail. But, some breeds, like apple snails, needs both a male and female for fertilization.
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Which of the following kingdoms does not
include eukaryotes?
a. Protista
b. Bacteria
c. Fungi
d. Plantae
Answer:
Bacteria
Explanation:
Bacteria and Archaea are prokaryotes, while animals, plants, fungi, and protists are eukaryotes
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What is another word for atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis, also called "hardening of the arteries," occurs when fat, cholesterol, and other substances build up in the walls of your arteries.
Arteriosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis in which abnormalities called lesions occur in the walls of arteries. Due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques, these lesions can lead to strictures. There are usually no symptoms in the early stages, but when symptoms do occur, they usually appear in middle age. Depending on which artery is affected, it can lead to coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease, or kidney problems.
Atherosclerosis usually begins in childhood and worsens with age. Nearly everyone is affected to some extent when they turn 65. It is the leading cause of death and disability in developed countries. Because arteries dilate at all plaque sites, blood flow remains unaffected and atherosclerosis remains asymptomatic for decades.
Peripheral arteries that supply blood to the legs, arms, and pelvis are also severely narrowed by plaque tears or blood clots. Numbness and pain in the arms and legs are symptoms of contractions.
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What are the 3 types of selection for a polygenic trait?
3 types Natural selection on polygenic traits can have three effects on phenotypic distributions are Directional selection, Stabilizing selection, Disruptive selection.
What is Directional selection?Directional selection occurs when individuals in a population with traits on one side of the mean outlive or reproduce more than those on the other.Stabilizing selection:When natural selection favors an average phenotype and selects against extreme variations, stabilizing selection reduces a population's genetic variance.When a population is exposed to environmental changes, its genetic variance shifts toward a new phenotype.Hence, 3 types of selection for a polygenic trait are Directional selection, Stabilizing selection, Disruptive selection.
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What are the effects of cystic fibrosis genetic mutations?
Mutations in the CFTR gene cause the CFTR protein to malfunction or not be made at all, leading to a buildup of thick mucus, which in turn leads to persistent lung infections.
What do you mean by mutations?Mutations is any change in the DNA sequence of a cell. Mutations may be caused by mistakes during cell division, or they may be caused by exposure to DNA-damaging agents in the environment.
Mutations can result from errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens or a viral infection. Germline mutations can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations are not passed on.
Harmful mutations may cause genetic disorders or cancer. A genetic disorder is a disease caused by a mutation in one or a few genes. A human example is cystic fibrosis.
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the element lodine is classified as?
What is the name of the process that helps ensure genetic diversity that happens during prophase I?
Crossing over is the name of the process that helps ensure genetic diversity that happens during prophase I.
During sexual reproduction, non-sister chromatids of two homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, resulting in chromosomal crossovers, also known as crossover. recombinant. During synapse in the pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis, it is one of the final steps in genetic recombination.
Synaptic neural connections start before the development of the synaptic complex and are not finished for the rest of prophase I. Hybrid generally happens while relating districts on inverse chromosomes are disturbed and afterward reconnect.
The frequency of cross-swapping between two gene loci (markers) is known as the crossover value. The cross-over value used in the production of genetic maps and recombination within a specific region of topology (chromosomes) tend to be constant for a particular set of genetic and environmental conditions.
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Answer these questions
Wind spreads the drumstick seed's seeds (anemochory). Drumstick plant bears winged seeds as a result.
What are the agents through which seeds are dispersed?Sunflowers there are several ways to spread seeds. The wind may spread some seeds, as those of maple trees the furry seeds.
Water disperses the coconut seeds because they have a fibrous or spongy outer shell that floats on water.
Water helps spread lotus seeds. The seeds of the lotus plant fall to the water's surface and are carried away by the water's flow since the lotus plant is aquatic.
Therefore, when a dried seed pod is present on poppies. The seeds in these pods, which have tiny pores at the top, are dispersed by the wind shaking the pods.
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Explain the following statement... The stomach is an organ in which both physical and chemical digestion occurs.
The digestive system starts in the mouth. In fact, as soon as you eat your first mouthful of a meal, digestion begins here.
Your body mechanically breaks down food during physical digestion
chopping, smashing, or grinding it into smaller bits.
However, during chemical digestion, small proteins or enzymes change the food's structure, which is composed of several atoms connected together.
Chewing is merely a portion of the digestive process.
Digestional enzymes break down food as it moves from your mouth into your digestive system, transforming it into more easily absorbed nutrients.
Chemical digestion is the term for this disintegration.
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Which of the following would most likely promote random distribution?
A) territorial species
B) species that secrete chemicals to attract or inhibit other individuals
C) flocking and schooling behaviors
D) spacing during the breeding season
E) homogeneous chemical and physical factors in the environment
Flocking and schooling behaviours would almost certainly promote random distribution.
Flocking is indeed the phenomenon in which individuals move at roughly the same speed and remain as a group. Flocking animals vary in size from buffalo to bacteria.
'Flocking,' in which 'animals' move in formation. Sheep are an excellent example of flocking throughout nature, with one leader as well as the rest following. Zebras also stick together, which makes each other safe and secure; it's difficult for such a predator to tell one zebra apart from the rest.
In in addition to determining simple density, the distribution of individuals can provide additional information about a population. At a given point in time, species distribution patterns summarise the spatial relationship between a population's members within a habitat.
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What is a thesis statement in an essay examples?
A thesis statement expresses the central idea of an essay. It includes the topic of the essay as well as the writer's claim about the topic, which will be supported throughout the essay.
A thesis statement must express precisely what your paper would be about and it should assist you in staying on track. For example, inside an eight paper on hunger, you could write: Food insecurity has many causes and effects. For two major reasons, it is a flawed thesis statement.
The thesis statement is usually found near this same conclusion of the introduction, often as the concluding sentence, and it tells the reader what to expect. The thesis statement is broken down into three parts: the specific subject, this same precise opinion, as well as the rationale. It offers a succinct summary of the essay's, research paper's, etc. main point or claim. It is typically stated inside a single sentence, and it may be stated multiple times.
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All somatic motor neurons produce __________.
both epinephrine and norepinephrine
only norepinephrine
only acetylcholine
both acetylcholine and norepinephrine
Only acetylcholine, Nicotinic receptors are stimulated by somatic motor neurons. Muscarinic receptors, which have a parasympathetic impact, are found in visceral organs.
Nicotinic receptors are excitatory at all times. Cholinergic cells make up all somatic motor neurons. Our ability to consciously perceive our surroundings and voluntarily react to it by using our skeletal muscles is a function of the somatic nervous system. A stimulus activates sensory neurons, which are then sent to the central nervous system, which then sends out a motor response to the skeletal muscles that govern this movement. Traditionally, the somatic nervous system has been seen as a part of the peripheral nervous system. The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is used by somatic motor neurons to activate skeletal muscle fibres at neuromuscular junctions.
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Why does the body use chemical energy?
They are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose and amino acids, which are then either reassembled and stored in various forms, such as glycogen, or consumed as energy. Chemical energy in food is essential for giving our bodies the fuel they require to keep us alive and active.
What is chemical energy ?Chemical energy is the energy that is released when chemical substances engage in a chemical reaction and change into other substances. Batteries, food, and gas are a few examples of chemical energy storage mediums.
Around the world, we generate heat and power using chemical energy. Methane, natural gas, oil, and petroleum are examples of fossil fuels that we burn to create steam that turns turbines to generate power. On a smaller scale, people also use these fuels to generate heat to warm up dwellings.
Energy is required by all living things, including humans, to power their metabolic processes of development, growth, and reproduction. However, light energy cannot be directly used by organisms for metabolic purposes. Instead, photosynthesis must first be used to transform it into chemical energy.
Thus, Chemical energy in food is essential for giving our bodies the fuel they require to keep us alive and active.
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Which statement(s) about repressible operons is/are correct?
a. In a repressible operon, the repressor is synthesized in an active form.
b. A repressible operon is on unless a corepressor is present.
c. Repressible enzymes generally function in anabolic pathways.
The statement about repressible operons which are correct are
Repressible enzymes generally function in anabolic pathways.
Hence, Option B is correct.
A repressible operon is a type of operon in which the presence of a specific substance inhibits gene transcription. It is controlled by a co-repressor, which is primarily the end product of the metabolic pathway.A classic example of a repressible operon is the trp operon. When tryptophan binds to a repressor, which then binds to the operator, preventing further transcription.To know more about Operons here
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Summarize in your own words how acid rain affects an aquatint environment
Answer:
The ecological effects of acid rain are in aquatic environments, such as streams, lakes, and marshes prove destructive to fish and other wildlife. Acid rain seeps into the soil, and harbors aluminum from soil clay particles that flow directly into streams or lakes. Acid rain affects aquatic environments in this way, because it can kill fish, which reduces fish populations, ultimately eliminating fish species in a waterbody and decreasing the available biodiversity. Competition for food increases and disrupts the equilibrium of the aquatic environment.
List the significant events of glycolysis. Include which reactants and products (if any) are involved. Highlight what will be released as a product and what will move on to the next stage. Be sure to include where the process occurs in the cell.
Answer:
Glycolysis is a series of chemical reactions that occurs in the cytosol of cells. These reactions are an important part of the process of cellular respiration, which produces energy for the cell.
The key events of glycolysis include the following:
The conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate by the enzyme hexokinase. This reaction requires the input of ATP.
The conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase.
The conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate by the enzyme phosphofructokinase. This reaction requires the input of ATP.
The cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into two three-carbon molecules, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, by the enzyme aldolase.
The conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate by the enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. This reaction results in the production of NADH.
The conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate by the enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase. This reaction results in the production of ATP.
The conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate by the enzyme phosphoglycerate mutase.
The conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate by the enzyme enolase.
The conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate by the enzyme pyruvate kinase. This reaction results in the production of ATP.
The end products of glycolysis are two molecules of pyruvate, two molecules of NADH, and a net gain of two molecules of ATP. In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate can be further oxidized in the mitochondria to produce more ATP. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted to lactate in a process called fermentation
Explanation: