The mass of 8.50 × 10²² NH₃ molecules is ≈ 1.84 g.
Solution:
Number of molecules = 8.50 × 10²² = 8687
Number of molecules = Number of moles × Avogadro's Number
8687 = Number of moles × 6.02×10^23
Number of moles = 8687\ 6.02×10^23 = 1443×10^-23 moles
Mass = Number of moles × Molar Mass = 1443×10^-23 × 17.031 = 24576×10^-23 = 2.4576×10^-18 g.
A quantitative measure of inertia, a fundamental property of all matter. In effect, it is the resistance that an object offers to changes in velocity or position when a force is applied. The greater the mass of an object, the smaller the change caused by an applied force.
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how would you change the concentrations of the solutions at each electrode in the voltaic cell below in order to increase the cell potential
The potential of the cell helps to evaluate the voltage difference between two half-cells.
Changing the concentration of one solution in the cell will increase the voltage potential of the cell because putting the system further out of equilibrium.
A chemical reaction is affected by three main variables mainly temperature, surface area, and concentration. In an electrochemical cell, the higher concentration allows the increase in voltage difference.
The higher concentration of reactant moves the reaction in the forward direction to react at a higher pace, and as a result, higher voltage is observed.
A concentration cell acts to dilute the more concentrated solution and concentrate the more dilute solution, creating a voltage as the cell reaches an equilibrium.
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a glass vessel fitted with a stopcock has a mass of 337.428g when evacuated completely. when filled with ar, it has a mass of 339.854g. when evacuated and refilled with a mixture of ne and ar (under the same conditions of temp and pressure), it has a mass of 339.076g. calculate the mole fraction of ne in the mixture
a glass vessel fitted with a stopcock has a mass of 337.428g when evacuated completely. when filled with ar, it has a mass of 339.854g. when evacuated and refilled with a mixture of ne and ar. the mole fraction of ne in the mixture is 64,8%
You filled the first run with m = 339.854g - 337.428g = 2.426g of pure Argon. which is equivalent to N = m / M(Ar) = 2.426g / 39.948g/mol = 0.06073 mol. Assume the gas in the vessel behaves perfectly. The amount in the vessel is then given by: N = pV / (RT) and is independent of the type of gas. If you fill the vessel with the same mixture of N(Ne) moles of Neon and N(Ar) moles of Argon as in the first run, the total number of moles will be the same: N = 0.06073 mol N(Ne) + N(Ar) = N. The total mass of gas is calculated as: N(Ne) M(Ne) + N(Ar) M(Ar) = m', which is measured as: m' = 339.07g - 337.428g = 1.648g. Next, initiate the mole fraction of Neon x(Ne) = N(Ne)/N from the simple equation for the number of moles: N(Ar)/N = 1 - x(Ar) (Ne). Divide the mass equation by N to get: x(Ne) M(Ne) + (1-x(Ne)) M(Ar) = m'/N. As a result, the mole fraction of Neon is calculated as follows: x(Ne) = (M(Ar) - m'/N) = (M(Ar) - M(Ne)) = (39.948g/mol - 1.648g/0.0607mol) / (39.948g/mol - 20.1797g/mol) = 64,8%.
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xx grams of water were added to 80 grams of a strong solution of acid. if as a result, the concentration of acid in the solution became 1y1y times of the initial concentration, what was the concentration of acid in the original solution? (1) x
The concentration of acid in the original solution is equal to (80/ (xxx + 80)) * (1/1y1y).
What is concentration?Concentration is the ability to focus one's attention on a particular task or activity. It involves the ability to block out distractions and other stimuli in order to concentrate on the task at hand. Concentration requires mental effort and discipline, and it is an essential skill for success in many areas of life. It is particularly important in education, as it helps students to stay focused and retain information. Concentration can also be beneficial for athletes, allowing them to stay focused and in the zone during competition. Finally, it is important for anyone attempting to achieve any sort of goal, as it helps to stay focused and motivated in order to reach that goal.
The concentration of acid in the original solution can be calculated using the following formula:
Concentration = (Mass of Acid/Total Volume of Solution)
Given that 80g of acid was added to the solution, and the resulting concentration of acid is 1y1y times stronger, we can calculate the initial concentration of acid.
Original Concentration = (80 g/80 g + xxx g) * (1/1y1y)
Original Concentration = (80 g/ (80 + xxx)) * (1/1y1y)
Original Concentration = (80/ (80 + xxx)) * (1/1y1y)
Original Concentration = (80/ (xxx + 80)) * (1/1y1y)
Therefore, the concentration of acid in the original solution is equal to (80/ (xxx + 80)) * (1/1y1y).
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Gooey substance made of cornstarch and water, with a name that comes from Dr. Seuss
The gooey substance which made up of cornstarch and water is the oobleck. It gets it name from Dr. Seuss
Oobleck is a non-newtonian fluid. Oobleck is a suspension, or a substance that has both solid and fluid-like properties. These substances are categorized as non-Newtonian fluids as well. A Newtonian fluid, like water or gasoline, has a constant viscosity. A non-Newtonian fluid's viscosity changes, as you might expect. Examples include oobleck, ketchup, and silly putty.
In his law of viscosity, Sir Isaac Newton described Newtonian fluids. In conclusion, he discovered that Newtonian fluids have a constant viscosity/flow and that changes in temperature or pressure only cause these fluids' flow behavior to vary. This kind of fluid is not affected by stress.
Water is a good example. Its viscosity is affected by temperature. It becomes a solid at 0 degrees Celsius and a gas at 100 degrees Celsius, but between those two points, it behaves normally and maintains a constant viscosity. Applying stress does not change the viscosity of water.
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qualitatively estimate the relative melting points for each of the solids, and rank them in decreasing order.
The relative melting points for each of the solids, and rank them in decreasing order Graphite> sodium chloride> solid ammonia.
What determines melting point?More energy is required to overcome them the strong the forces of interaction between the particles are. The melting point rises with increasing energy demand. Thus, a crystalline solid's melting temperature serves as a barometer for stability of it's own lattice.
Why is the melting point important?A solid's freezing temperature is a physical characteristic that can be used to identify a substance. In reality, a solid typically melts across a wide temperature range as opposed to at a single, set temperature. For this reason, speaking of a range of melting point is more useful.
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a radioactive nuclear isotope spontaneously decays with a half-life of 63.3 min. if you begin with a 589 mg sample of that isotope, how much of it will be left after 3.40 hours?
The amount of sample left after 3.40 hours will be 338 mg.
T= Half life x log (m./m)/log(2)
You could use this formula:
Where Th = half-life.
M. = the beginning mount
M = the ending amount
T= 3.40 hours
Half life = 2.4463.3 min
M.= 0.589g
m= ?
Then plug the number into the given equation:
T= 2.4463 x log(0.589 /m)/log(2)
T= 2.4463 x log (0.589/m) /log(2)
T= 2.4463× -0.22/ log m× 0.3
3.4× 60 = 2.4463× log m ×0.3
log m= 3.4× 60/ 2.4463 ×0.3
log m= 279.4
m= 2.511 g = 251mg
So the amount left after the 3.40 hours will be = 589- 251 mg = 338 mg of the sample.
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Which of the following best explains why atomic radius decreases from left to right across a period?
Atomic radius decreases because the effective nuclear charge increases. Option C
What is the atomic radius?We know that the atomic radius can be defined as the measured distance between the nucleus and the electrons that lies far outside in the outermost shell of the atom.
We know that the atomic radius is one of the periodic properties that we have in the atom. It is a periodic property that decereases across the period but increases adown the group.
As we add more protons to the nucleus of the atom, the attractive forces would increase and the atomic radius would now tend to decrease across the period for the atoms of elements.
Thus, the greater the effective nuclear charge that we have in the atom, the lesser the atomic radius of the atom.
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what amount of al2o3 is produced from the reaction of 3.0 mol al with 2.0 mol fe2o3? 2al fe2o3 --> al2o3 2fe
1.5 moles of Al₂O₃ is produced from the reaction of 3.0 mol Al with 2.0 mol Fe₂O₃.
What is mole?In chemistry, a mole, also spelled mol, is a standard scientific unit for measuring large amounts of very small entities such as atoms, molecules, or other specified particles.
The mole denotes a massive amount of units, 6.02214076 10²³. Since May 20, 2019, the General Conference on Weights and Measures has defined the mole as this number for the International System of Units (SI).
Previously, the mole was defined as the number of atoms found in 12 grammes of carbon-12 as determined experimentally. In honour of the Italian physicist Amedeo Avogadro, the number of units in a mole is also known as Avogadro's number, or Avogadro's constant (1776–1856).
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As a result, the answer we have is 1.5 moles of l 203, and this is it. The reaction results in a significant quantity of al2o3.
What are chemical changes exactly?
The conversion of one or more chemicals, known as chemical components, into one or more new compounds, known as byproducts, is referred to as a reaction mechanism. Substances are composed of chemical elements or compounds.
How do chemical reactions happen?
When atoms' chemical bonds are established or ruptured, chemical processes take place. The materials that initiate a chemical reaction are termed as reactants, while the materials created as a result of the reaction are known as products.
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Which one of the following is not an agent of weathering?
SoilGlaciersWindRain Water
Answer: Soil
Explanation:
Wind, rain, water, and glaciers are all agents of weathering because they can erode materials. Even though Glaciers need certain conditions they can still do damage to the surface of the earth. While soil is what gets eroded or sometimes is the product of erosion occurring.
In Chemistry class, students have been discussing the differences between physical and chemical changes.
The students carried out several procedures and recorded their observations. The students determined that
one of the procedures is an example of a physical change, but not a chemical change.
Which of the following tests conducted shows a physical change?
A A colorless liquid changes to blue when another solution is added.
B Two clear liquids are combined, and the beaker becomes cloudy.
A cube of metal aluminum is flattened to create aluminum foil.
D Two clear liquids are combined, and the beaker becomes hot.
C
The option that shows a physical change would be a cube of aluminum metal being flattened to create aluminum foil. Option C.
What are physical changes?In chemistry, physical changes refer to reactions that only alter the physical properties of substances and not their chemical properties.
It is opposed to chemical changes which are changes that alter the chemical properties of substances, often along with their physical properties.
The changes to the color of a liquid when another liquid is added is a chemical change because the original color may not be recoverable.
The combination of two clear liquids resulting in a cloudy solution is a chemical change. So also is the combination of two clear liquids resulting in the beaker becoming hot.
The only physical change is the flattening of an aluminum cube to create aluminum foil. The chemical properties of the aluminum remain intact.
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given that s is the central atom, draw a lewis structure of osf4 in which the formal charges of all atoms are zero.
A Lewis structure shows the valence electrons surrounding the atoms.
Your structure has two problems:It shows too many valence electrons
It violates the octet rule for O — there are 10 electrons around the O atom.
Count the valence electrons in the trial structure
5 BP + 15 LP = 10 + 30 = 40 electrons
3. Check the number of valence electrons available1 S = 1 × 6 = 6 electrons
1 O = 1 × 6 = 6
4 F = 4 × 7 = 28
TOTAL = 40 electrons
The trial structure has the correct number of electrons.
4. Determine the formal charge on each atom.To get the formal charges, we cut the covalent bonds in half.
Each atom gets the electrons on its side of the cut.
Formal charge = valence electrons in isolated atom - electrons on bonded atom
FC = VE - BE
(a) On S
VE = 6
BE = 5 bonding electrons = 5
FC = 6 - 5 = +1
(b) On O:
VE = 6
BE = 3 LP(six electrons) + 1 bonding electron = 7
FC = 6 - 7 = -1
(c) On F:
VE = 6
BE = 3 lone pairs(6 electrons) + 1 bonding electron = 6 + 1 =7
FC = 7 - 7 = 0
5. Minimize the formal chargesWe must rearrange the valence electrons so that S gets one more and O gets one fewer.
6. Recalculate the formal charges(a) On S
VE = 6
BE = (3 bonding electrons) = 6
FC = 6 - 6 = 0
(b) On O:
VE = 6
BE = 2 LP(four electrons) + 2 bonding electrons = 6
FC = 6 - 6 = 0
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Question is Incomplete:
Given that S is the central atom, draw a Lewis structure of OSF4 in which the formal charges of all atoms are zero. Draw the molecule by placing atoms on the grid and connecting them with bonds. Include all lone pairs of electrons.
the decay rate for a radioactive isotope is 5.4 percent per year. find the half-life of the isotope.
The half-life of a radioactive isotope is the amount of time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample to decay.
What is radioactive isotope?A radioactive isotope is an unstable form of an element that emits radiation as it decays. It is produced when a neutron is added to the nucleus of an atom, making it unstable and prone to radioactive decay. Radioactive isotopes are used in a variety of medical, scientific and industrial applications. In medicine, they are used to diagnose and treat diseases, while in industry they are used to detect flaws in materials. In scientific research, they are used to measure age and composition of materials.
Therefore, the half-life of this isotope is 12.75 years, since it takes 5.4 percent of the atoms in a sample to decay per year. This means that if we start with a sample of 100 atoms, after 12.75 years, only 50 atoms would remain in the sample. After 25.5 years, only 25 atoms would remain, and so on. This can be calculated by taking the natural log of 2 and dividing it by the decay rate of the isotope, which in this case is 5.4%.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. of the following, only ________ is a valid unit for reaction rate.
Every item in motion contains kinetic energy, which is equal to 1 / 2 mv 2, where m is the object's mass and v is its speed. The electromagnetics equation is (6 10 - 19 C).
Electron velocity (V) = 1/(mqv2) An electron's energy is 0 while it is infinitely far from the nucleus, but as it approaches closer, it is bounded from the nucleus and its energy changes to negative. Energy increases to a bigger negative value as the distance decreases because it is inversely proportional to equation. The speed of an electron in the ground state of a hydrogen atom is 1 137 times faster than the speed of light.
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10. sodium tripolyphosphate, na5p3o10, is added to detergents to increase their cleaning power. calculate the number of phosphorus atoms in 0.325 moles of this compound.
There are approximately 0.975 phosphorus atoms in 0.325 moles of sodium tripolyphosphate.
A phosphorus atom is a type of atom that is made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. It is one of the chemical elements and is represented by the symbol "P" on the periodic table. Phosphorus is a member of the nitrogen group and is a nonmetal. It is a highly reactive element and is found in several different forms, including white phosphorus, red phosphorus, and black phosphorus.
To calculate the number of phosphorus atoms in 0.325 moles of sodium tripolyphosphate, you need to know the formula for the compound. The formula for sodium tripolyphosphate is Na5P3O10.
Each molecule of sodium tripolyphosphate contains 3 phosphorus atoms. To find the number of phosphorus atoms in 0.325 moles of the compound, you need to multiply the number of phosphorus atoms per mole (3) by the number of moles you have (0.325).
The number of phosphorus atoms in 0.325 moles of sodium tripolyphosphate is:
3 phosphorus atoms/mole * 0.325 moles = 0.975 phosphorus atoms
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What are the important things about atomic structure? Everything you need to know
An atom is a complicated configuration of negatively charged electrons grouped around a positively charged nucleus in certain shells. The majority of the atom's mass is concentrated in this nucleus.
What are the most significant atomic structure discoveries?In Thomson's "plum pudding" atom model, a positively charged "soup" was surrounded by negatively charged electrons. The majority of an atom is empty space, with a small, dense, positively-charged nucleus, as demonstrated by Rutherford's gold foil experiment. Rutherford postulated the nuclear model of the atom in light of these findings.
What fundamentals of atomic structure are there?Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the three fundamental building pieces that make up an atom in any element. In the grand scheme of things at the subatomic level, protons are positively charged particles while neutrons are uncharged particles.
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if you are bombarded with 1.00 mol of photons with a wavelength of 390. nm, what amount of energy, in kilojoules per mole of photons, are you being subjected to?
The amount of energy required is 319kJ mol ⁻¹.
Wavelength is the distance between identical points in adjacent cycles of a waveform signal propagating in space or along a wire. In wireless systems, this length is usually expressed in meters, centimeters, or millimeters. Wavelength is the distance between two wave crests and the same for wave troughs.
Wavelength can be defined as the distance between two consecutive peaks or valleys. Measured in the direction of the wave. Wavelength is the distance between two wave crests and the same for wave troughs. Frequency is the number of oscillations that pass through a particular point in one second, measured in cycles per second.
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A particle ‘A’ of mass of 2.0 kg has charge 1.2 μC deposited on it. Determine the ratio of electric and gravitational force between ‘A’ and ‘B’ if mass of ‘B’ is 1.5 kg and charge on it is 0.92 μC. distance between particle ‘A’ and ‘B’ is 4.8 m.
Answer: The correct answer is 4.956 * 10^7.
Explanation:
For Electrostatic force,
Given qA =1.2 × 10∧-6 C (Since 1 micron = 10∧-6)
qB=0.92 ×10∧-6 C Since 1 micron = 10∧-6)
r = 4.8m
Electrostatic force = (K×qA×qB)÷r∧2 where K is Coulomb's constant or electrostatic constant =8.98755×10∧9
Therefore Electrostatic energy =(8.98755×10∧9×1.2×0.92×10∧-12)÷4.8∧2
=0.00043065 N ················ eq1
Now for Gravitational force,
mA=2Kg ,mB=1.5Kg ,r=4.8m,G is Gravitational constant =6.67408 × 10-11 N m2 kg-2
Gravitational force=(G×mA×mB)÷r∧-2
=(6.67408 × 10-11 ×2×1.5)÷4.8∧-2
=0.869021875 ×10∧-11 N...............eq2
Ratio of electric and gravitational force between ‘A’ and ‘B’ = eq1÷eq2
=49555714.5785
Electrostatic force occurs due to interaction either between like charges that is either between positive-positive or negative negative charges or between unlike charges like positive-negative. Its strength depends on the charges and the distance between the charges which decreases as the distance increases.
Gravitational force occurs due to the fact every particle attracts each and every other particle in the universe. Its strength depends on the mass and the distance between the particles which decreases as the distance increases.
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irradiation of quartz that contains traces of aluminum will produce what gem? group of answer choices jadeite cairngorm garnet amphibole chrysoberyl
irradiation of quartz that contains traces of aluminum will produce cairngorm
To produce the morion variety of peaty quartz, any quartz can be irradiated. Furthermore, when exposed to 0.5 to 1.5 mrd of ores 60, gamma, X-ray, or electron radiation, all quartz would then turn a blackish or brownish colour. However, this will not result in uniform colour. Irradiated smoky quartz does not present any radiation risk. Irradiating a crystal causes some energy to accumulate in the crystalline structure, which can change the optical characteristics, most notably the colour. For centuries, gem nutrients have indeed been prized and sought after. If they are transparent, they can be segmented and refined to create attractive stones to be used in jewellery and other ornamental purposes
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PLEASE HELP!! DUE SOON ILL GIVE BRAINLIST
A teacher divides her class into groups and assigns each group the task of measuring the length of the same object three times. The teacher already knows that the length of the object is 78.5 mm
based on the results the students record, which group makes the most accurate measurements of the object?
A. Group D: 75.0 mm,75.0 mm, 75.0 mm
B. Group B: 75.5 mm, 75.00 mm, 74.8 mm
C. Group C: 78.5 mm, 72.9 mm, 79.8 mm
D. Group A : 78.5 mm, 77,5 mm, 79.5 mm
There are two terms that are related to measurements, one is accuracy and other is precision. Therefore, Group A makes the most accurate measurements of the object. The correct option is option D.
What is accuracy?The capacity of an instrument to measure an exact number is known as accuracy. In other words, it refers to how closely the measured value resembles a reference or genuine value.
Small readings can be taken to determine accuracy. The modest reading decreases the calculation's inaccuracy. Group A makes the most accurate measurements of the object.
Therefore, Group A makes the most accurate measurements of the object. The correct option is option D.
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why do most fatty acids contain an even number of carbon atoms? q a) fatty acid biosynthesis incorporates succinyl-coa. b) fatty acids do not have an even number of carbons.
This is because their biosynthesis involves acetyl-CoA, a coenzyme with two carbon groups.
Due to the mechanism of synthesis, most fatty acids have an even number of carbons, but odd carbon chains can occur. The double bonds between carbons can produce even more diversity. Fatty acids are usually composed of two carbon molecules, so they have an even number of carbon atoms.
Fatty acids differ in the number of carbon atoms they contain and the number of carbon-carbon double bonds. Most fatty acids are unbranched and contain an even number of carbon atoms. Unsaturated fatty acids have a lower melting point than saturated fatty acids with the same number of carbon atoms.
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for each of the reactions at constant pressure, determine whether the system does work on the surroundings, the surroundings does work on the system, or essentially no work is performed.
Answer:
It is not possible to accurately determine whether the system or the surroundings performs work in a chemical reaction without more information about the specific reaction and the conditions under which it occurs.
In general, the work done in a chemical reaction can be affected by several factors, including the pressure, volume, and temperature of the system, as well as the nature of the reactants and products. Some reactions may result in the system doing work on the surroundings, such as when gases expand and do work on their surroundings by pushing against a piston or other external object. Other reactions may result in the surroundings doing work on the system, such as when gases are compressed and their surroundings do work on them. Still other reactions may result in essentially no work being performed, such as when the reactants and products are in equilibrium or when the volume of the system remains constant.
Without more information about the specific reaction in question, it is not possible to accurately determine whether the system or the surroundings performs work.
The diagram illustrates an experiment where baking soda was
added to a container of vinegar. After five minutes, the balloon on
the top of the bottle started expanding. Explain what happened and
how this experiment demonstrates the Law of Conservation of
Matter.
A reaction between an acid and a base occurs when vinegar and baking soda are combined. Baking soda serves as the base, and vinegar is the acid. A gas known as carbon dioxide bubbles and foams as a result of this reaction between the two. Because there is nowhere else for this gas, it expands the balloon, resulting in the self-inflating balloon.
What happens when vinegar and baking soda are combined in a bottle and a balloon is inserted into the bottle's mouth?SCIENCE: Carbon dioxide is a gas produced when baking soda and vinegar are combined. The gas starts to extend in the jug and begins to expand the inflatable. The balloon will expand in size the more gas produced.
What is the balloon experiment's conclusion?Because their particles travel at high speeds in all directions, gases expand quickly. Since the carbon dioxide gas has nowhere else to go, it begins to fill the balloon as it fills the bottle. The balloon expands as the carbon dioxide gas fills it.
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if a solution containing 33.17 g of lead(ii) perchlorate is allowed to react completely with a solution containing 8.564 g of sodium sulfate, how many grams of solid precipitate will be formed?
18.3 g of solid precipitate formed during the reaction.
Formula of lead(ii) perchlorate = [tex]Pb(ClO4)_{2}[/tex]
Formula of sodium sulfate = [tex]Na_2(SO_4)[/tex]
Reaction of lead(ii) perchlorate and sodium sulfate
[tex]Pb(ClO4)_{2}[/tex] + [tex]Na_2(SO_4)[/tex] ----------> [tex]PbSO_4(s)[/tex] + [tex]2Na(ClO4)_{2}[/tex]
moles of [tex]Pb(ClO4)_{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{given mass}{ Molar mass}[/tex]
molar mass of [tex]Pb(ClO4)_{2}[/tex] =207+(35.5+ 16*4)*2
molar mass of [tex]Pb(ClO4)_{2}[/tex] =207+ 99.5*2
molar mass of [tex]Pb(ClO4)_{2}[/tex] =406
given mass = 33.17g
moles of [tex]Pb(ClO4)_{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{given mass}{ Molar mass}[/tex]
moles of [tex]Pb(ClO4)_{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{33.17}{406}[/tex]
moles of [tex]Pb(ClO4)_{2}[/tex] = 0.0817 moles
molar mass of [tex]Na_2(SO_4)[/tex] = 2*23+ 32+ 4*16
molar mass of [tex]Na_2(SO_4)[/tex] = 46+32+64
molar mass of [tex]Na_2(SO_4)[/tex] = 142
moles of [tex]Na_2(SO_4)[/tex] = [tex]\frac{given mass}{ Molar mass}[/tex]
moles of [tex]Na_2(SO_4)[/tex] = [tex]\frac{8.564}{142}[/tex]
moles of [tex]Na_2(SO_4)[/tex] = 0.0603 moles
since in the above reaction [tex]Pb(ClO4)_{2}[/tex] is the solid precipitate so we have to find the weight of [tex]PbSO_4(s)[/tex] formed after the reaction.
Given that the reaction is complete so one of the 2 reactant must completely ends since [tex]Na_2(SO_4)[/tex] have less number of moles than [tex]Pb(ClO4)_{2}[/tex] so , [tex]Na_2(SO_4)[/tex] will disappear and hence according to Stoichiometry same number of moles of [tex]PbSO_4(s)[/tex] will form
so number of moles of [tex]PbSO_4(s)[/tex] formed = 0.0603
so, the weight of [tex]PbSO_4(s)[/tex] formed = number of moles formed * molar mass of [tex]PbSO_4(s)[/tex]
so weight of [tex]PbSO_4(s)[/tex] formed =0.0603 * 303
weight of [tex]PbSO_4(s)[/tex] formed= 18.27 g ≈ 18.3 g
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citrate and oxalate are usually added to embalming fluids to act as question 90 options: a) surfactants b) buffers c) preservatives d) vehicles
Option (c) is correct. Citrate and oxalate are usually added to embalming fluids to act as Preservatives.
A Preservative is defined as a substance or a chemical that is added to products such as food products, beverages, pharmaceutical drugs, paints, biological samples, cosmetics, wood, and many other products to prevent decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes. preservation is implemented in two modes, chemical and physical. Chemical preservation entails adding chemical compounds to the product. Physical preservation involves the processes such as refrigeration or drying. Preservatives are of various types that are suited to certain products and are effective against specific chemical changes.
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What is the difference between the rate law and the equilibrium constant? How do you use them to express the relationship between the concentrations of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction?
Answer:The rate law and the equilibrium constant are two ways to describe the relationship between the concentrations of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
The rate law is an equation that describes how the rate of a chemical reaction depends on the concentrations of the reactants. It is typically expressed in the form rate = k[A]^m[B]^n, where k is the rate constant, [A] and [B] are the concentrations of the reactants, and m and n are the exponents that describe how the rate of the reaction changes with the concentration of the reactants. The rate law can be used to predict how the rate of a reaction will change if the concentrations of the reactants are changed.
The equilibrium constant (K) is a value that describes the relative concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium, the point at which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. The equilibrium constant is typically expressed in the form K = [C]^c[D]^d / [A]^a[B]^b, where [C] and [D] are the concentrations of the products and [A] and [B] are the concentrations of the reactants. The exponents a, b, c, and d are the stoichiometric coefficients of the reactants and products in the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. The value of the equilibrium constant can be used to predict the direction in which a reaction will shift if the concentrations of the reactants and products are changed.
Explanation:
at what temperature in k will 0.950 moles of oxygen gas occupy 7.50 l and exert 2.60 atm of pressure
At 25 K temperature, 0.950 moles of oxygen gas occupy 7.50 l and exert 2.60 atm of pressure.
Ideal gas law will be used to calculate the temperature -
PV = nRT, where Pis pressure, V is volume, n is number of moles, R is gas constant and T is temperature. The value of gas constant to be used in the formula is 0.082 L atm/mol/K
Temperature = (2.60×7.5)/(0.082×0.95)
Performing multiplication in both numerator and denominator on Right Hand Side of the equation
Temperature = 19.5/0.78
Performing division on Right Hand Side of the equation
Temperature = 25 K
Thus, the temperature of oxygen gas is 25 K.
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A certain weak acid, HA , with a Ka value of 5.61×10−6 , is titrated with NaOH .Part A: A solution is made by titrating 8.00 mmol (millimoles) of HA and 2.00 mmol of the strong base. What is the resulting pH?Part B: More strong base is added until the equivalence point is reached. What is the pH of this solution at the equivalence point if the total volume is 71.0 mL ?Express the pH numerically to two decimal places.
Part A : pH = 4.77 when a solution is made by titrating 8.00 mmol (millimoles) of HA and 2.00 mmol of the strong base. Part B : pH = 9.15 if More strong base is added until the equivalence point is reached in solution of total volume 71.0mL.
Part A :
Ka value of 5.61 x 10 -6
pKa = -log Ka = 5.25
And the reaction:
HA + OH- = A- + H0
excess millimoles HA = 8.00 - 2.00 = 6.00
mmol A- formation = 2.00
pH = 5.25 + log 2.00/6.00
=5.25 + log 0.333
=4.77
Part B:
A- millimoles formed at the equivalence point = 8.00 => 8.00 x 10^-3 mol
[A-]= 8.00 x 10^-3 mol/ 0.0710 L=0.113 M
A- + H0 <=> HA + OH-
Kb = Kw/Ka = 1.0 x 10^-14 / 5.61 x 10^-6 = x^2/ 0.113-x
1.78*10^-9 = x^2/0.113-x
Due to the small value of Kb, we can write 0.113-x = 0.113.
1.78*10^-9 = x^2/0.113
X = 1.42*10^-5
x = [OH-] = 1.42 x 10^-5M
pOH = -log[OH-] = 4.85
and pH + pOH = 14
Therefore pH = 14-4.85
pH = 9.15
Equivalence point is the titration point where the amount of titrant added is just sufficient to completely neutralize the sample solution. At the equivalence point in an acid-base titration, moles of base = moles of acid, and the solution contains only salt and water. Diagram of equivalence points.
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a constant current of 0.912 a is passed through an electrolytic cell containing molten mgcl2 for 17.5 h. what mass of mg is produced?
An electrolytic cell holding molten mgcl2 is subjected to a continuous current of 0.912 a for 22.5 hours mg is generated
the act of calculating,
electrolytic cell holding molten mgcl2
0.912 A is the constant current (I).
time (t) = 22.5 hours = 81,000 seconds
Mg's molar mass is 24.31 g/mol.
in which there were electrons in reaction 2
Mass (w) is calculated as (molar mass (I) / t / nF =
(w) = 24.31 g/mol, 0.912 A, 81000 sec/2, 96500, and 9.35 gram.
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if a radiometric analysis of an isotope and its stable element yielded 50% of each, how many half-lives would have occurred? a. 5 b. 4 c. 3 d. 2 e. 1
The half-lives that have occurred if a radiometric analysis of an isotope and its stable element yielded 50% is 1. Hence, the option E is correct.
The half-life of a chemical reaction can be described as the time taken for the concentration of a given reactant to reach 50% of its initial concentration (i.e. the time taken for the reactant concentration to reach half of its initial value). Half-live of a reaction is denoted by the symbol 't(1/2)' and is usually expressed in seconds.
Radiometric analysis is one of the oldest methods used for the quantitation of drug molecules. Radiometric analysis generally involves quantitation of radiation from beta-emitting radioactive isotopes such as ¹⁴C, ³H or ³²P.
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What can we say about the temperature change of a sample of water when the value of q is negative?
The temperature of the water increased.
The temperature of the water decreased.
It depends on whether mass and specific heat values are positive or negative.
The temperature of the water increased when the value of q(specific heat capacity) is negative.
Explanation of Specific Heat CapacityThe hydrogen bonding in water is the cause of its high specific heat capacity, which we can explain. The water molecules must shake in order for the numerous connected hydrogen bonds to raise the temperature of the liquid. Because there are so many hydrogen bonds, it takes more energy for the water molecules to break. Similarly to this, it takes some time for warm water to cool down. The temperature drops as heat escapes and the vibrational motion of water molecules slows. The warmth released balances the chilling impact of the heat loss from the liquid water.
Specific Heat of WaterThe specific heat capacity (Cp) of a liquid at atmospheric pressure and temperature is roughly 4.2 J/g°C. This suggests that to increase 1 gramme of water by 1 degree Celcius, 4.2 joules of energy are required. Actually, this Cp number is rather high. The specific heat of liquid water, also known as the specific heat capacity of liquid water, is 1.9 J/g°C..
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