The main reason that the gravitational attraction between Earth and the Moon changes each day.
Option b is correct.
what does the gravitational attraction between the Earth and the moon cause?Tides are the result of the gravitational tug from the Moon and Sun that the Earth feels. If we disregard the Sun for now, the Earth's oceans facing the Moon bulge up in response to the lunar gravitational force: a high tide.
Why is the gravitational attraction of the moon to Earth greater than the attraction of Earth to sun?Even though the sun is much more massive and therefore has stronger overall gravity than the moon, the moon is closer to the earth so that its gravitational gradient is stronger than that of the sun.
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The motion of the piston in an automobile engine is oscillatory as the piston travels back and forth. if the piston makes 2,000 complete cycles every minute, what is the period of the motion of the piston?
The Time period of the motion of the piston is 30ms.
The time taken per cycle(t) = 1 min= 60 seconds
The number of the cycles per minute(N) = 2000
To find the Time period(T)
We have,
T= [tex]\frac{t}{N}[/tex]
Where,
T is the time period,
t is the time taken,
N is the number of cycles.
T= [tex]\frac{t}{N}[/tex]
T= [tex]\frac{60}{2000}[/tex]
T = 0.03 sec
T= 30×[tex]10^{-3}[/tex]
T = 30 ms.
What is Time period ?A vibrating body's time period is the length of time it takes to complete one oscillation.
The letter T is used to denote time.
The SI unit of time is the second (s).
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a certain heat engine does 9.5 kj of work and 8.50 kj heat transfer occurs to the environment in a cyclical process. (a) what was the heat transfer (in kj) into this engine?
The heat transfer into this engine is 52.7%.
Solution:
9.5 + 8.5
Hi = 18KJ
n = w/Hi
= 9.5/18 x 100
= 52.7%
Heat transfer is the field of thermal engineering concerned with the production use conversion and exchange of thermal energy between physical systems. Heat transfer is classified into different mechanisms such as. Conduction convection radiation and energy transfer through a phase change.
There are three ways heat is transferred conduction convection and radiation. Heat transfer between states of matter occurs whenever there is a temperature difference, and heat transfer only occurs in the direction of decreasing temperature, that is, from a hot body to a cold body.
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part a a calorimeter consists of an aluminum cup inside of an insulated container. the cup is weighed on a top-loading balance and is found to have a mass of 31.91 g. a reaction is conducted in the calorimeter, raising the temperature from 21.2 c to 26.1 c what is the change in heat q for the aluminum cup in units of j? aluminum has a specific heat of 0.903 j 1 ? 1 write your answer to the correct number of significant figures.
The change in heat for the aluminum cup is 141.19 Joule.
Describe specific heatThe term "specific heat" refers to the amount of heat required to increase a substance's temperature by one degree Celsius per gram. SI units of specific heat is joules per gram per degree Celsius.
Given that Aluminum cup weight: m = 31.91 g
inital temperature is 21.2 °C.
T = 26.1 °C is the final temperature.
Aluminum has a specific heat of 0.903 J/g/°C.
Consequently, the aluminum cup's change in temperature = ms (T-t)
= 31.91 × 0.903 × ( 26.1 - 21.2)
= 31.91 * 0.903 * 4.9
= 141.19 Joule.
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Which of the following statements describes why the sky is blue: The sky is blue because blue lightA. is scattered more by air molecules than red light
B. is absorbed by air molecules more than red light
C. can shine through air molecules more easily than red light
D. can be reflected by air molecules more easily than red light
mye o O 20
The sky is blue because blue light is scattered more by the air molecules than the red light.
When light coming from the sun falls on the surface of the earth it travels as the white light. The components of this white light are violet, blue, green, yellow, orange and red colors.
This white light gets scattered over the atmosphere of the earth because of the particles of the air.
The sky appears to be blue because of the ability of the blue light to scatter more on the air particles then the other lights because blue light travels as shorter and smaller waves.
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A 0. 50-kilogram cart is rolling at a speed of 0. 40 meter per second. If the speed of the cart is doubled, the inertia of the cart is.
Doubling the speed of the cart doubles its inertia.
What is speed?Speed is the rate at which something moves or happens. It is a measure of how quickly an object moves from one point to another. It can be measured in different units such as metres per second, feet per second, miles per hour, kilometres per hour, and so on. Speed is an essential factor in many activities, such as driving, running, and flying. It is also an important factor in sports, as athletes must be able to move quickly in order to perform optimally. Speed is also a factor in many everyday activities, such as walking up a flight of stairs or getting from one place to another.
Inertia is the property of an object to resist a change in its state of motion. So, if the mass of the cart remains the same, its inertia will double when its speed is doubled. The inertia of the 0. 50-kilogram cart is then equal to 1.00 kilogram-meter-squared.
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a bar magnet is falling vertically through a horizontal loop of wire with the south magnetic pole entering the loop first. what is the direction of the induced current (viewed from above) as the south pole enters the loop?
The magnet enters from the south pole, and the current flows clockwise, according to Lenz's law.
When we get the south pole of a bar magnet close to the needle of a compass, the needle begins to point. As a result, current will flow counter-clockwise. Again, the south pole will approach coil CD, causing end C to behave as the south pole. As a result, the current will flow clockwise. If the thumb and forefinger point in the direction of the conductor's velocity and magnetic field, respectively, the central finger points in the direction of induced current in the conductor.
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Students build a circuit. The circuit has wires that connect a battery to a switch and a fan. Which energy transformations happen when the students close the circuit and the blades of the fan begin to spin?
When the students close the circuit and the fan blades start to spin, energy is transformed from electrical energy to mechanical energy.
What is electrical energy?Electrical energy is energy generated from the flow of electric charge through a conductor. This energy is utilized in virtually all modern-day appliances, from lightbulbs to cell phones to electric cars. It is created in power plants, harnessed through transmission lines, and distributed to consumers. Electrical energy can be converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or light, and can be used to power machines and equipment.
This is done by the battery supplying electrical energy to the switch and the fan, which then converts the energy into rotational energy. This is what causes the fan blades to spin and produces mechanical energy. The mechanical energy produced by the fan is then used to create air movement, which is another form of mechanical energy.
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3. An object rotates in a circular track with a uniform speed 10 ms¹ and it has a periodic time 4 s. what is the magnitude of the mean acceleration of the object when it moves from A to B where AB is a diameter? 1). 0 2).5 ms² 3). 15 ms 4). 20 ms-² 5). 10 ms-²
The magnitude of the mean acceleration of the object is 15 m/s^2 when it moves from A to B where AB is a diameter.
What is centripetal acceleration?Centripetal acceleration is a characteristic of an object's motion along a circular path. Centripetal acceleration applies to any item travelling in a circle with an acceleration vector pointing in the direction of the circle's center.
Given that: uniform speed of the object: v = 10 m/s.
Periodic time: T = 4 second.
Hence, the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration of the object = 2πv/T
= (2π × 10)/4
= 15 m/s^2.
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Answer: 5. 10 ms-²
Explanation:
Answer: 5. 10 ms-²
Explanation: The magnitude of the mean acceleration of the object when it moves from A to B is equal to the angular acceleration multiplied by the radius of the circular track.
Therefore, the angular acceleration = (2π/T) = (2π/4) = (π/2) rad/s²
The radius of the circular track = 10 m
Therefore, the magnitude of the mean acceleration of the object when it moves from A to B = (π/2) x 10 = 10 ms-²
when traveling in the same medium, if the frequency of ultrasound is increased from 0.77 mhz to 1.54 mhz, what happens to the wavelength?
If the ultrasound frequency is increased from 0.77 MHz to 1.54 MHz, then the wavelength is halved.
Wavelength is the distance of one wave and is represented by the Greek letter Lambda (λ). To calculate the actual wavelength is the same as calculating the distance traveled by the wave.
If a wave is moving at a constant wave speed, the wavelength is inversely proportional to the frequency of the wave: waves with higher frequencies have shorter wavelengths, and lower frequencies have longer wavelengths.
So, if the frequency is doubled, the wavelength will be shorter, which is halved.
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Identify the stage in star life cycle in which hydrogen is the primary fuel for nuclear fusion?
Main sequence is the stage of the star's lifecycle in which hydrogen acts as the primary fuel for nuclear fusion.
Life Cycle of StarThese hydrogen and helium elements combine to increase the mass in the centre of the cloud as a result of gravity's contracting force. As mass increases, gravitational pull also expands. All of the molecules and particles in the environment are pulled in by gravity. As the molecules continue to descend into the cloud's core, the cloud's mass rises and the cloud's center begins to heat up. This heated center is known as a protostar.
Now, as additional molecules are drawn to this protostar, the protostar's temperature is rising. The temperature continues to climb until the time comes when the pressure exceeds the point when two hydrogen atoms start to fuse, releasing heat and radiation to create helium.
Nuclear fusion is the process of fusing two hydrogen atoms to create helium by releasing a large amount of energy.
The outward force produced by the radiation and heat emitted now balances the inward force exerted by gravity. The star is born when the force is balanced equally inward and outward.
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is the electric field strength in the figure(figure 1) increasing, decreasing, or not changing?
Answer:
Decreasing
Explanation:
The electric field strength is decreasing in figure 1.
Light waves are electromagnetic waves that travel at 3.00 x 10^8 m/s. The eye is most sensitive to light having a wavelength of 5.50 x 10^-7 m.
a. Find the frequency of this light wave.
b. Find its period.
Answer:
a. Frequency is 5.45 x 10^14 hz
b. The period = 1.8 x 10^-15 sec {or 1.8 femptoseconds]
Explanation:
The velocity of an electromagnetic wave is given by the product of the wave's frequency(f) times its wavelength(λ).
V = λ f where,
V is the wave speed,
f is the wave frequency,
λ is the wavelength.
To find frequency, rearrange to:
f = V/ λ
Light travels at 3.00x10^8 m/sec.
λ is 5.50 x 10^-7 m
f = (3.00x10^8 m/sec)/(5.50 x 10^-7 m) meters cancels, secs is on the bottom]
f = (3.00/5.50)*(10^15) [The base 10 exponent on the bottom ius subtracted from the one on top: 98-(-7)) = 15)
f = 0.545 x 10^15 1/s or hz
f = 5.45 x 10^14 hz
b. The period of a wave is the inverse of it's frequesncy. It is the time it takes for 1 wave to pass. Invert the frequency:
Period = 1/f
Period = 1/(0.545 x 10^15 1/s)
Period = 1.8 x 10^-15 sec {or 1.8 femptoseconds]
If the coefficient of static friction at all contacting surfaces is determine the inclination at which the identical blocks
The tangent of the angle at which the items slide equals the coefficient of static friction. The measurement of k can be done in a similar way. To accomplish it, push the upper object while angling it upward. The tangent of that angle equals k when the upper object slides along at a constant speed.
Why is the coefficient of static friction determined using an incline?
By calculating the angle at which the force of gravity overcomes the static friction, you can utilize an item that is inclined to calculate the static coefficient of friction.
How can you tell which way static friction is prevailing?
Static friction pushes in the direction you're trying to travel when you walk (see Figure 2 below). In the absence of friction, the foot would slip backwards as it presses on the ground (like walking on ice).
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an electrical circuit refers to the combination of various electrical components that are connected together. group of answer choices true false
An electrical circuit refers to the combination of various electrical components that are connected together. - True
An electrical circuit refers to the combination of various electrical components that are connected together in a closed loop, thereby allowing electrons to flow through the circuit. Electrical circuits are essential for the operation of most electronic devices and are made up of a variety of components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and transistors.
These components are connected together using conductive materials. The conductive material is generally the copper wire which is used to create the circuit. The flow of electrons through the circuit can be controlled and manipulated using various techniques, such as switching and modulation, to perform a wide range of functions.
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I need help this test is timed
A solid sphere has a radius of 5cm. It is hung from a spring with spring constant 80 N/m and stretches the spring 8cm from its equilibrium position. Find the density of the sphere
The density of the sphere given it stretches the spring 8 cm from it's equilibrium position is 1.25 g/cm³
How do I determine the density of the sphere?First, we shall obtain the mass of the sphere. Details below:
Spring constant (K) = 80 NExtension (e) = 8 cm = 8 / 100 = 0.08 mAcceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s²Mass (m) = ?F = mg
F = Ke
Thus,
mg = Ke
Divide both sides by g
m = Ke / g
m = (80 × 0.08) / 9.8
m = 0.653 Kg
Multiply by 1000 to express in grams
m = 0.653 × 1000
m = 653 g
Finall, we shall determine the density of the sphere. Details below:
Radius (r) = 5 cm Pi (π) = 3.14Volume of sphere = 4/3πr³ = (4/3) × 3.14 × 5³ = 523 cm³Mass of sphere = 653 gDensity of sphere = ?Density = mass / volume
Density of sphere = 653 / 523
Density of sphere = 1.25 g/cm³
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approximately how much greater is the force of gravity at the surface of the white dwarf than at the surface of the earth?
NASA estimates that a white dwarf's surface has 350,000 times as much gravity as Earth has.
What transpires when a white dwarf is larger than 1.4 solar masses Why is this beneficial?If the mass is too enormous (more than 1.4 solar masses, known as the Chandrasekhar limit), a white dwarf star will no longer be in equilibrium between gravity and degeneracy pressure.
What is the gravitational pull on the white dwarf Sirius B?Sirius B is smaller than Earth at 7,500 miles (12,000 kilometers) in diameter, but it is more denser. A 150-pound individual would weigh 50 million pounds standing on its surface due to the star's strong gravitational field, which is 350,000 times stronger than Earth's.
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if α = 40°, β = 60°, and m = 4.0 kg, determine the tension in string 1.
The tension in string 1 will be 20 N , if α = 40°, β = 60°, and m = 4.0 kg .
SI unit of tension is Newton (N) and its CGS unit is dyne.
This tension calculator will show you how to calculate the tension force in a rope or string that is being used to lift an object. You can also note how to find tension in ropes used to pull an object .
Tension force is an axial force that passes through a pulling object such as a rope, string, or chain. Tension force can also be observed in other materials, such as rods and bars, when they are subjected to external pulling or tensile loads.
High tensile strength materials make the best rods and bars because they do not break easily when subjected to tension forces. Tension force is also an excellent illustration of Newton's Third Law of Motion.
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Consider two children sitting on a merry-go-round, with one closer to the outer edge and one closer to the center. Which child has a greater angular speed?
A car is moving towards a person at 0. 02 km/s. The speed of light is 300,000 km/s. What speed would the person measure for light coming from the car's headlights? (1 point).
The person would measure the speed of the light coming from car's headlight to be 300,000 km/s.
The SI definition of the meter makes another assumption about the laws of physics: that the theory of relativity is true. The idea that the speed of light is the same in all inertial frames is a fundamental postulate of the theory of relativity. This can be separated into two sections:
The observer's movement has no effect on the speed of light.
Time and location have no effect on the speed of light.
It seems very counterintuitive to assert that the observer's velocity has no bearing on the speed of light. Although Einstein was able to demonstrate in 1905 that it is perfectly consistent if you are willing to give up assumptions regarding the absolute nature of space and time, some individuals even refuse to accept this as a possibility that is logically consistent.
So according to the special theory of relativity the speed of light is constant (same) when measured in any inertial frame of reference. In other words the speed of light is constant relative to anything.
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water falls without splashing at a rate of 0.250 l/s from a height of 2.60 m into a 0.750-kg bucket on a scale. if the bucket is originally empty, what does the scale read in newtons 3.00 s after water
Water falls at a flow rate of 0.250 l/s into a 0.750-kg bucket on a scale. After 3 seconds, the weight shown on the scale is 14.7 N
The relation between the accumulated volume and the volume flow rate is given by:
V = Q x t
Where:
V = accumulated volume of water
Q = volume flow rate
t = time period
In the given problem:
Q = 0.25 l/s
t = 3 s
Hence,
V = Q x t = 0.25 x 3 = 0.75 liter
The density of the water is 1 kg per liter, therefore 0.75 liter of water is equal to 0.75 kg of water.
Total mass on the scale = mass of water + mass of bucket
= 0.75 + 0.75 = 1.5 kg
The scale will read the weight:
Weight = mg = 1.5 x 9.8 = 14.7 N
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your question was:
Water falls without splashing at a rate of 0.250 L/s from a height of 2.60 m into a 0.750 kg bucket on a scale. If the bucket is originally empty , what does the scale read 3 s after water starts to accumulate in it.
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what value of the bullwhip measure would indicate that a dampening scenario exists? greater than 0 0 less than 0 greater than 1 less than 1
The value that the bullwhip measure would indicate if a dampening scenario exists is less than 1. Therefore, the correct answer is the last option.
The bullwhip effect is a phenomenon of the supply chain that describes how small fluctuations at the retail level can cause larger fluctuations in demand at the distributor, manufacturer, and material supplier levels. It is measured by dividing the variance of order by the variance of demand.
Bullwhip = 1 means that the order variance is equal to the demand variance, which implies that there is no variance amplification.Bullwhip > 1 means amplification is present.Bullwhip < 1 means that the orders are less variable than the demand. This scenario is often called a dampening scenario or smoothing.Learn more about bullwhip effect at https://brainly.com/question/29802823
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in the circuit below, the switch has been open for a long time, and the current is zero everywhere.
Due to the incomplete question I answered it in general way.
If the switch is closed, there will be current in the ammeter; otherwise, there won't. The presence of a current in the ammeter is independent of how long the switch has remained in any given state.)
The ammeter won't show any current if the switch has just been opened. The electrical connection is broken when the switch is opened, stopping electricity from passing through the circuit and preventing the ammeter from reading any current.
The ammeter won't register any current even after the switch has been open for a lengthy period. The switch is still in the open position, which prevents electricity from flowing through the circuit, which is the source of this.
The voltage V applied across the inductor and the inductance L of the inductor both affect the inductor current I that flows through it. The voltage V fluctuates with time t due to the switch 1, 2 timing.
I= 1/L∫Vdt,
where I is the amount of current passing through the inductor, L is the inductor's inductance, and V is the voltage applied across the inductor.
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a billiard ball is decelerating at a constant rate. its initial velocity is 8m/s. after 1.5 seconds it is travelling at 6m/s. find its acceleration.
1.33m/s^2 is the acceleration. when a billiard ball is decelerating at a constant rate. its initial velocity is 8m/s. after 1.5 seconds it is travelling at 6m/s.
What are two illustrations of acceleration?The rate at which a moving object's velocity changes is known as acceleration. It gauges the speed of velocity changes. Examples of acceleration include riding a carousel and traveling at a constant speed around a bend on a road.
The equation a = v/t denotes acceleration (a), which is the change in velocity (v) over the change in time (t).
a = (v_f - v_i) / Δt
a= 6m/s - 8m/s / 1.5 seconds
a=-1.33m/s^2
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the orion nebula, m-42, is a hot, thin cloud of glowing gas, so its spectrum is
The orion nebula, m-42, is a hot, thin cloud of glowing gas, so its spectrum is (d) a few bright lines against a dark background.
The Orion Nebula is it a cloud of gas?
One of the best-known celestial features is the Orion Nebula, often known as M42. This cloud of gas and dust, the middle "star" in Orion's dagger hanging below his belt, is so dazzling that it can be seen with the unaided eye even from a distance of more than 13 quadrillion kilometers (8 thousand trillion miles).
Why is Orion so crucial?
One of the starry sky's most intriguing and significant constellations is Orion. One reason why astronomers are drawn to it is that it contains one of the Milky Way Galaxy's closest and most active star nurseries (the Orion Nebula).
The Orion Nebula's gas glows for what reason?
The Trapezium and Nebula are located in front of a cold, dusty "giant molecular cloud" that contains regions of active star formation, around 1500 light years away. A blister on the molecular cloud's front edge gets electrified by the stars of the Trapezium, making it glow.
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Which of newton’s laws is best demonstrated by a ball rolling to a wall then stopping?
Answer:
This is Newton's First Law of Motion
Explanation:
First law of motion: An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion, unless acted on by a net force.
If the stars at the turnoff point of a cluster have a mass of 3 M, what is the age of the cluster?a.3.0 × 1010 yearsb.3.3 × 109 yearsc.6.4 × 108 yearsd.1.6 × 1011 yearse.The age of a star cluster cannot be determined from the mass of stars at the turnoff point.
If the stars at the turnoff point of a cluster have a mass of 3 M, the age of the cluster is 6.4 × 10⁸ years.
We are aware that a star's mass, measured in solar masses, and its main sequence lifetime, measured in solar lifetime(t), are correlated (M). written as
ζ = M^(-5/2)
where, ζ is age and M is solar mass
we can subtitutes the value
ζ = M⁻⁵/²
ζ = 3⁻⁵/²
ζ =0.064 solar life
the we should convert the lifetime of star cluster into years
ζ = 0.064 solar lifetime × (10¹⁰ years / 1 solar lifetime)
ζ = 640,000,000 ≈6.4 × 10⁸ years
therefore age of the cluster is 6.4 × 10⁸ years
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Find the standard matrices A and A' forT = T2 ∘ T1 and T' = T1 ∘ T2.T1: R2 → R2, T1(x, y) = (x − 3y, 3x + 5y)T2: R2 → R2, T2(x, y) = (y, 0)A=A'=
Upon calculation A=[tex]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}3&5\\0&0\\\end{array}\right][/tex] and A'= [tex]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0&1\\0&3\\\end{array}\right][/tex]
This question can be solved using the concept of matrices.
A matrix is a rectangular array of integers divided into rows and columns. In mathematics, a matrix is an array of integers that is arranged in a rectangular pattern and split into rows and columns. They are often expressed by enclosing all of the numbers included between square braces.
According to the question given here
T₁(x,y)= (x-3y,3x+5y)
and
T₂(x,y)= (y,0)
Now it is clearly mentioned that T= T₁*T₂
T(x,y)= T₂[T, (x,y)]
T(x,y)= T₂(x-3y,3x+5y)
T(x,y)= (3x+5y,0)
T(1,0)= (3*1+5*0,0)= (3,0)
T(0,1)= (3*0+5*1,0)= (5,0)
which means A=[tex]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}3&5\\0&0\\\end{array}\right][/tex]
Now to find A'
T'= T₁*T₂
T'(x,y)= T₁[T₂(x,y)]
T'(x,y)= T₁(y,0)
T'(x,y)= (y-3*0,3y+5*0)
T'(x,y)= (y,3y)
T'(1,0)= (0,0)
T'(0,1)= (1,3)
which gives us A'= [tex]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0&1\\0&3\\\end{array}\right][/tex]
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determine the location of the resultant force of the water acting on the vertical end wall of the pool where the depth is 2.5m
The location of the resultant force of the water on the vertical end of the pool is 1.67 m from the top.
Given that, length of the swimming pool is 16 m
Width of the swimming pool is 6 m
Depth of the pool (h) is 2.5 m
Area of the pool (A) = 6* 2.5 = 15 m²
Moment of inertia (I) = bh³/12 = 6* 2.5³/12 = 7.82 m⁴
x = h/2 = 1.25 m
The expression for location of force is
H = x + I/(A*x) = 1.25 + 7.82/(15* 1.25) = 1.25 + 7.82/18.75 = 1.67 m
Thus, the location of the resultant force of the water on the vertical end of the pool is 1.67 m from the top.
The question is incomplete. A swimming pool is 16 m long and 6 m wide.
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a coil of wire contains of 20 turns, each with an area of 1.5 x 10-3 m2. a magnetic field is normal to the surface of each loop. initially, the magnitude of b is 0.050 t. during the period of time of 0.10 s, the magnitude of the field at the coil has increased to 0.060 t. what is the average emf induced in the coil during this time?
the fraction of light that is transmitted through a 100 mm panel of pmma is 0.97. neglecting reflection at both surfaces, what is the absorption coefficient b of pmma?
The absorption coefficient ,[tex]\beta[/tex] of PMMA is [tex]0.3\ m^{-1}[/tex] when 0.97 fraction of light is transmitted through 10 mm panel of PMMA.
The absorption coefficient determines how far light of a specific wavelength can penetrate before being absorbed. Light is only poorly absorbed in a material with a low absorption coefficient, and if the material is thin enough, it will appear transparent to that wavelength.
Given,
The fraction of light transmitted through PMMA panel = 0.97
Thickness of PMMA panel = 100 mm = 0.1 m
The absorption of coefficient, [tex]\beta[/tex]can be determined by the relation,
[tex]I=I_oe^{-\beta x}\\\\\frac{I}{I_o}=e^{-\beta x}\\\\[/tex]
applying natural log on both sides
[tex]ln(\frac{I}{I_o})=ln(e^{-\beta x})\\\\ln(\frac{I}{I_o})=-\beta x\\\\\beta = -\frac{1}{x}ln(\frac{I}{I_o})[/tex]
Here, x is the thickness of the PMMA panel; [tex]\frac{I}{I_o}[/tex] is the fraction of light transmitted; I is the initial intensity of light before transmitting through panel and [tex]I_o[/tex] is the final intensity of light after passing through the panel.
[tex]\beta = -\frac{1}{0.1}ln(0.97)\\\\\beta = -10*(-0.03)=0.3 m^{-1}[/tex]
Thus, the absorption coefficient is [tex]0.3\ m^{-1}[/tex]
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