What is the function of both the immune system and the endocrine system?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The immune system is a host defence system that combines multiple mechanisms to protect an organism from several pathogens and the development of disease. The endocrine and immune system crosstalk and multiple immune processes are involved in endocrine diseases. Defects of immune tolerance associated with genetic and environmental factors result to the development of autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroiditis and diabetes mellitus type 1. In addition, a mixture of immune cells and mediators is considered to be implicated in thyroid cancer development and progression. Multiple cytokines and the evolving inflammatory process are involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus type 2 whereas immune mechanisms related to lymphocytes and cytokine circuits may play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Several studies have recently been published regarding the therapeutic implications of immune system mechanisms on endocrine diseases. For complete coverage of all related areas


Related Questions

Which of the following is NOT an example of a pre-zygotic barrier?

behavioral isolation

hybrid sterility

habitat isolation,

mechanical isolation

Answers

Answer:

isolating mechanisms The reproductive characteristics which prevent species from fusing. Individuals mate in their preferred habitat, and therefore do not meet individuals of other Genomic incompatibility, hybrid inevitability or sterility. show that there is little behavioural, mechanical, or post-mating isolation

Explanation:

i hope all help full

How are the outputs (Carbon dioxide water and energy) of respiration used

Answers

Answer:

During the process of cellular respiration, carbon dioxide is given off as a waste product.

This carbon dioxide can be used by photosynthesizing cells to form new carbohydrates.

Also in the process of cellular respiration, oxygen gas is required to serve as an acceptor of electrons.

PLEASE HELP !! ILL GIVE 40 POINTS ; PLUS BRAINLIEST !! DONT SKIP ANSWER.

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

When the animals eat the food it's converted into energy

Which of these is a parasite, A) Venus Fly trap B) Corpse flower C) Corpse Lily D) Grass

Answers

Answer:

Corspe Flower

Explanation:

option b.

I hope this helps

Answer:

c) corpse lily

Which factors affect natural selection?

Answers

Answer:

1)variation organsimes (within populations) exibit invidiual variation in appearence and behaviour

Explanation:

2) high rate of population growth

3) differential survival and reproduction

The diagram below represents some stages in the life cycle of humans. The numbers in the diagram represent various processes in the cycle.




Identify the process(es) represented by 1 and 2. State how these processes (1 and 2) affect the amount of genetic information provided by a parent to its offspring.

Answers

Answer:

The diagram below represents some stages in the life cycle of humans. The numbers in the diagram represent various processes in the cycle.

1. "The processes reduce the amount of genetic information from each parent by half."

During sexual reproduction, a specialized cell division process called meiosis occurs. Meiosis involves two consecutive divisions, resulting in the production of four haploid cells (gametes) from a diploid cell.

2. "Each parent only contributes half of the genetic information that is contained in his or her own cells."

As mentioned earlier, meiosis results in the formation of haploid gametes. Each gamete contains only one set of chromosomes, which is half the number found in the parent's diploid cells.

During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up, and genetic recombination occurs between them, shuffling and exchanging genetic information.

3. "Each egg (or each sperm) will carry only half of the genetic information contained in the parent's body cells."

This statement reiterates that gametes (eggs or sperm) are haploid cells containing only one set of chromosomes. When a cell undergoes meiosis to produce gametes, it divides twice, resulting in four cells with half the genetic information of the parent's body cells.

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how many human blood types are there? summarize how blood type is inherited

Answers

Explanation:

There are 4 main blood groups (types of blood) – A, B, AB and O. Your blood group is determined by the genes you inherit from your parents. Each group can be either RhD positive or RhD negative, which means in total there are 8 blood groups.

A balloon holds 50.0 mL of nitrogen at 25° C and a pressure of 736 mm Hg. According to Boyle's Law, answer the following questions for 2 points each: What will be the effect on the pressure inside the balloon if the volume is decreased to 25 mL? Explain how this would demonstrate Boyle's Law. Explain Boyle's Law in terms of the kinetic energy of molecule

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is -  would be double which is 1472 mm Hg.

Explanation:

According to Boyle's law that says the relationship between volume and pressure of a gas at constant pressure shows an inverse relationship which means if volume will increase then pressure will be decrease and vice versa.

P1V1 = P2V2 .........Boyle's law

Given: P1 = 736 mm Hg

          V1 = 50 mL

P2 = ?

V2 = 25 mL

Solution:

from the Boyle's law

(P1V1)/V2 = P2

736×50/25 = P2

P2 = 1472

So the decreasing the volume to half increases the pressure double. It proves it follows Boyle's law

A group of researchers has made the claim that one particular butterfly species is the sole pollinator of a tree species and that consequently, the decline of the butterfly population will endanger the survival of the tree species. Data were collected and are summarized below. Which of the following data could best be used to either justify or refute the claim the researchers have made about the interdependence of the butterfly species and the trees?

Tree flower size Number of butterfly visits per flower per day Nectar energy per pollination visit (joules) Fruits per flower
Small 1 10 0.88
Medium 9 12 0.79
Large 55 13 0.85

a. The data comparing the fruits produced per flower with the number of butterfly visits are most useful in refuting the claim, because they show that the tree produces fruit even if the butterfly does not visit the flowers.
b. The data collected for large flowers are most useful in justifying the claim, because they show that a large number of butterflies visit flowers of this tree species, obtain energy from nectar, and cause fruit production.
c. The data comparing the number of butterfly visits with the size of the tree flowers are most useful in refuting the claim, because they show that the butterfly does not visit all types of tree flowers.
d. The data showing the nectar energy available for all sizes of flowers are most useful in justifying the claim, because they show that butterflies benefit from the relationship with the tree by obtaining energy from tree nectar.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - A. The data comparing the fruits produced per flower with the number of butterfly visits are most useful in refuting the claim, because they show that the tree produces fruit even if the butterfly does not visit the flowers.

Explanation:

In this experiment, the table shows that specific butterflies did not go to small flower trees or go once a day where is in medium and large flower trees respectively they visit more than small flowers.

Even after not visiting small flower trees the nectar energy and the fruit production is almost similar to the other two trees. This case can occur only in one case if there are one or more pollinators present in this scenario other than this type of specific butterflies.

Thus, the correct answer is - option A.

The wings of butterflies and birds are ----------- structures because, although they are used for the same purpose (flight) they have very different structural compositions. Bird wings are made of bones and feathers while butterfly wings are made from chitin and are part of the insect’s exoskeleton.

A) homologous
B) analogous
C) vestigial

Answers

B. They are analogous structures because they share the same function, but not fully the same structural characteristics

Bird wings are made of bones and feathers while butterfly wings are made from chitin and are part of the insect’s exoskeleton.

B. They are analogous structures because they share the same function, but not fully the same structural characteristics.

What are examples of analogous?

Analogous Structures are:

Bird, Insect and Bat Wings. Duck and Platypus Bills.

Thus, option "B" is correct answer.

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i need help with my biology hw i will try to add a image

Answers

Explanation:

First,click the pic and when you start for your question click on the option for adding image.

Answer:

so, where is the questions........

Fish in flowing water tend to face:
O Downstream
O No particular direction
Ο Ο Ο
O Perpendicular to the current
Upstream

Answers

Answer: Upstream

Explanation:

Which of the following is an example of genetic discrimination?

Answers

Where’s the examples..

40 Even a tiny amount of moisture can support the life of mosses, which are nonvascular
plants. Why are mosses good pioneer species?
F. They grow very slowly.
G. They can survive in wet areas.
it. They can create a layer of soil on bare rock over time.
I. They can survive in areas that receive low levels of sunlight.

Answers

Both it.) And I.) Can be answers. You could argue either one is right.

Name 1 body system (NOT the digestive
system) that your "fave" food can
impact.
How does your "fave" food impact the
body system you selected?
(Hint: These are the body systems we will
be learning about- Excretory, Nervous,
Muscular, Circulatory & Respiratory. You
can also include Integumentary & Skeletal

My favorite food is Buffalo Wings

Answers

Answer:

I'll use your favorite food.

Explanation:

Buffalo wings have protein since they have meat. Protein helps the body build muscle, so it impacts the muscular system.

3. In most cells,
directs the production of a
which then enters a ribosome. The
molecule of
ribosome produces the final product,
Retroviruses do the opposite. They use the enzyme reverse
transcriptase to use a template of
to produce

Answers

Answer:

In most cells, DNA directs the production of a molecule of mRNA which then enters a ribosome. The ribosome produces the final product, a protein. Retroviruses do the opposite. They use the enzyme reverse transcriptase to use a template of mRNA to produce DNA.

Explanation:

The central dogma of molecular biology describes how a cell uses its genetic information to synthesize a protein. The first step called 'transcription' consists of using an RNA polymerase enzyme and a fragment of DNA (i.e., gene) as a template to synthesize an RNA molecule, usually a messenger RNA (mRNA). Subsequently, the genetic code in the mRNA sequence is read by the ribosomes in order to produce a protein, a process known as 'translation'. Retroviruses are viruses that have the ability to integrate into the host genome by using a reverse transcriptase enzyme that allows reverse transcription of mRNA to complementary DNA, which then integrates into the host's genome.

The correct options in the blanks are DNA, mRNA, Protein, mRNA, and DNA respectively.

What is gene expression?

It is the process by which cells produce protein from DNA molecules. DNA produces RNA which contains codes to produce amino acids.

The mRNA enters the ribosome which produced protein using the codons of mRNA.

Retroviruses have special machinery to produce the DNA from mRNA.

Therefore, the correct options in the blanks are DNA, mRNA, Protein, mRNA, and DNA respectively.

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article about guimaras oil spill discussing the effect of hazards and how do people survive in this kind of situation.​

Answers

Answer:

It harms marine birds and animals.

Explanation:

Oil spills are harmful to marine birds and mammals as well as fish and shellfish because this oil makes their movement difficult as well as suffocation problem. People can survive in this kind of situation by removing the oil as much as possible. The oil can't mix with the water due to difference of nature so it can be easily removed from the water. This oil spell affect the environment as well as financial condition of people who are related fish industry because fish population negatively affected.

If a plant cell and its surroundings are isotonic)
there is no net movement of water into the cell:
the cell becomes

Answers

Answer:

Flaccid

Explanation:

The cell wall provides no advantages when a plant cell is immersed in a hypertonic solution. As the plant cell loses water, its volume shrinks.

3.) How do you know when the first day of the menstrual cycle is? What happens?
4.) What is the function of FSH?

Answers

Answer:

3.) How do you know when the first day of the menstrual cycle is? What happens?

A.) first day of menstrual bleeding is considered Day 1 of the cycle.

4.) What is the function of FSH?

A.) FSH helps control the menstrual cycle and stimulates the growth of eggs in the ovaries.

-TheUnknownScientist

Answer: 3. Day 1 of your cycle is the first day of your period, meaning the first day of full flow (spotting doesn't count). During this time, the uterus sheds its lining from the previous cycle. Between days 1 – 5 of your cycle, new follicles (sacs of fluid containing eggs) begin to develop within your ovaries. 4. FSH plays an important role in sexual development and functioning. In women, FSH helps control the menstrual cycle and stimulates the growth of eggs in the ovaries. FSH levels in women change throughout the menstrual cycle, with the highest levels happening just before an egg is released by the ovary.

Explanation:

What caused the human population to grow so quickly so fast?
the Industrial Revolution
O discovery of fire
the end of World War II

Answers

because the level of chlidren born per day stay at the high level it increases day per day

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If a Florida plant such as an orange or banana tree were grown in a northern state, what special care would it need to survive?
----------------------
A. extra water
B. direct sunlight
C. fertilizer in the soil
D. warm temperatures

Answers

I would say D. because Florida has much warmer temperatures than a northern state although I’m not sure as other variables can also come into affect

If plant such as an orange or banana tree were grown in a northern state climate, they would require warmer temperatures to survive:

what kind of climate does banana and orange grow in?Bananas, which are essentially tropical crops, thrive in temperatures ranging from 15 to 35 degrees Celsius and relative humidity levels of 75 to 85%. It may thrive in humid tropical lowlands such as Florida.Oranges thrive in all frost-free tropical and sub-tropical climates.the northern states of America have a comparitively cool and dry climate which may not be suitable for bananas and oranges.

hence, to grow these in northern states, these crops require warmer tempratures and humidity.

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Select all benefits of using a wiki for business.


inexpensive

accessible twenty-four hours per day and seven days per week

online conversation

quick and easy editing

document sharing

Answers

Answer:

All of the above

Explanation:

Answer:

Inexpensive, accessible twenty four hours per day and seven days per week, and document sharing

Explanation:

I got it right on the quiz.

PLEASE HELP!!! WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST!!!

Answers

Answer:

the answer is B

Explanation:

As it releases so does the potassium ions

Mitosis unfolds through a sequence of stages marked by specific events in the cell.

a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

a. True

Explanation:

Mitosis is a cellular process where a cell divides into two identical daughter cells. Mitosis is divided into five sequential stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase, chromatin condenses into chromosomes, and mitotic spindle fibers start to form from tubulin subunits. Subsequently, during prometaphase, the nuclear membrane disintegrates and spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes (centromeres). During metaphase, duplicated chromosomes line up along the cell's equator (i.e., the metaphase plate). Subsequently, during anaphase, the kinetochores move toward the cell's poles and sister chromatids separate. Finally, during telophase, kinetochore microtubules of the mitotic spindle disassemble, chromosomes arrive at the poles, the nuclei form at each pole and the chromosomes uncoil.

How do circulatory system and immune system work together to respond to an injury

Answers

The answer is C! Have a beautiful day/night

Events that take place in a biome are shown in the diagram below.




What information is represented in the diagram?

A

Respiration and photosynthesis are connected.


B

Transpiration is related to the nitrogen level in bacteria.


C

Predators and their prey are involved in many interactions.


D

Decomposers release a material that is utilized by other organisms.

Answers

Answer:

D - Decomposers release a material that is utilized by other organisms.

Explanation:

The cycle represented is the nitrogen cycle. In it bacteria of decay will break down or decompose plant and animal remains and wastes.

The information represented in the diagram is that decomposers release a material that is utilized by other organisms. So, the correct option is D.

What do you mean by Biome?

A Biome may be defined as a very large area that is characterized by a particular type of vegetation.

The diagram represented here defines the nitrogen cycling in the atmosphere. Decomposers convert the dead and decaying organic matter into inorganic ones which are easily consumable for the plants.

Decomposers directly do not release any material but they convert the material into a specific form which is then utilized by other organisms.

Therefore, the correct option for this question is D.

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Why fission, regeneration and fragmentation, all are considered as methods of asexual reproduction ?​

Answers

Fission (binary and multiple), regeneration and fragmentation are considered as methods of asexual reproduction because all of them involve only one parent and gametes are not formed in them. New individuals produced after cell division are always genetically identical or clone to their parents.

Describe what happens to DNA during the S stage of interphase.

Answers

The S phase of a cell cycle occurs during interphase, before mitosis or meiosis, and is responsible for the synthesis or replication of DNA. In this way, the genetic material of a cell is doubled before it enters mitosis or meiosis, allowing there to be enough DNA to be split into daughter cells.

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Look at the food web shown above.

Which organisms get energy from consumers?

Answers

D, all of the above.

Rainforests are habitats for many plants and animals. However, habitat fragmentation is occurring because of human activity. When a rainforest is fragmented, a large area is divided into small patches that are isolated from each other. Species living in these patches are more likely to become extinct as a result of overcrowding and competition.

Which of the following is the best way to minimize the effects of habitat fragmentation on the biodiversity of a rainforest ecosystem?
A.
constructing boundaries and fences around each habitat patch
B.
building natural green pathways across the original habitat to join all the patches together
C.
building concrete roads across the original habitat to join all of the patches together
D.
introducing new species that compete with the existing species in each habitat patch

Answers

Building natural green pathways across the original habitat to join all the patches together. Option B

What is rain forest?

A rainforest is characterized by towering, largely evergreen trees and heavy rainfall. Some rainforests have existed in their current form for at least 70 million years, making them the oldest existing ecosystems on Earth.

Hence we can see that the best way to  minimize the effects of habitat fragmentation on the biodiversity of a rainforest ecosystem is building natural green pathways across the original habitat to join all the patches together.

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Other Questions
Find the slope from the table. In a calorimetry lab, sodium oxide is combined with water. Compute theheat released in the formation of 1.99 grams of sodium hydroxide. Na2O +H2O -> 2NaOH + 215. 76 kJ Using an applet, we found that the theory-based test results in a t-statistic of -7.25 and p-value less than 0.0001. State your conclusion in the context of the study.a. We have very strong evidence that the long-run average guess of the population size of Milwaukee, Wisconsin is smaller with the anchor of Chicago than with the anchor of Green Bay.b. We have very strong evidence that the long-run average guess of the population size of Milwaukee, Wisconsin is smaller with the anchor of Green Bay than with the anchor of Chicago.c. We have very weak evidence that the long-run average guess of the population size of Milwaukee, Wisconsin is larger with the anchor of Green Bay than with the anchor of Chicago.d. We have very weak evidence that the long-run average guess of the population size of Milwaukee, Wisconsin is larger with the anchor of Chicago than with the anchor of Green Bay. During second period, Mia completed a grammar worksheet. Of the 60 questions, Mia got 80% right. How many questions did Mia get right? 100 POINTS Read the following passage:At last Sarpedon, son of Jove, ventured to oppose himself in fight to Patroclus. Jupiter looked down upon him and would have snatched him from the fate which awaited him, but Juno hinted that if he did so it would induce all others of the inhabitants of heaven to interpose in like manner whenever any of their offspring were endangered; to which reason Jove yielded.What is the irony in Junos request to Jupiter?Juno had saved her own sonthe gods and goddesses always favored the Greeksthe gods and goddesses intervened throughout the warSarpedon was actually Apollos son Which two ordered pairs would be on the graph for the coordinates listed in the table? How did conflicts help shape our nation? Which type of electromagnetic wave is the most similar in wavelength to visible light?A. Radio WavesB. Gamma radiationC. Ultraviolet light (UV radiation)D. Sound waves Which RNA base bonds with adenine Read the following passage carefully and summarize it inONEsentence.The truth about pigs is that their reputation for being dull and dirty is undeserved. The pig is actually a curious and intelligent animal. For instance, a pig will not take anything for granted; it will poke, and prod something until it arrives at a conclusion. A pigs intelligence is so keen that the animal needs to do something only once such as turn on an automatic drinking fountain to know how to do it again. Furthermore, pigs are basically no dirtier than any other farm animal. Because pigs dont sweat, they seek out water in order to cool off. On a farm, the water that a pig finds is usually in a mud puddle. However, the pig would be just as happy splashing in a bathtub since it is water, not dirt that pigs. 1 point2. In July, a student tested the soil in two plots and calculated theconcentration of nitrogen compounds present in each plot. The studentthen planted 20 seedlings in the first plot and allowed them to grow.Nothing was planted in the second plot. The student tested the soil in bothplots again after one month. The concentration of nitrogen compoundshad decreased in the first plot but had remained the same in the secondplot. Which of the following best explains the decrease in nitrogencompounds in the first plot? *A. The nitrogen compounds had broken down into elements.B. The nitrogen compounds were absorbed by the seedlings for their growth.C. The nitrogen compounds escaped through air pockets created by the seedlings'roots.D. The nitrogen compounds had evaporated because of the warm summertemperatures. Please help quickly!!! Which box and whisker plot has the greatest interquartile range?Thank you! PLEASE HELP ME ASAP Which of the following behaviors is an inherited trait in dogs?Catching a ball in its mouthLeading a blind personSitting on commandBarking when frightened HELP ME PLEASE TT!!!!!!!! 2.) You invested $4,400 for 2 years at 7.3% compounded annually. What is your total after 2years? James wanted to fence in his backyard for his dog Remi. The yard has a length of 12 feet and a width of 4 feet. What is the area and perimeter of the fenced yard?A= P = Kelly, Matt, and Bo are sharing 2 pizzas equally. How much pizza does each person get? Which of the following phases is the first step in mitosis? 7. Logan can type 45 words in 2 minutes. Ebony can type 22 words in 45 seconds. Whotypes slower?