what is the fixed cost of production at jimmy's gigaplot factory?
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$38 is the sum of the fixed costs and the variable costs; $13 is the fixed cost; and $25 is the total cost.
What is all out cost?
The sum of all costs incurred by a business to produce a certain amount of output is known as total cost. It's a sum of fixed and variable costs that product managers can use to figure out their overall profit margin.
How is the total cost calculated?
As a result, total cost is the sum of variable costs (VC) and fixed costs (FC), or TC = FC + VC = Kr + Lw.
How much did it all cost you?
In its simplest form, total cost (TC) refers to all costs associated with producing something or performing an activity. Variable costs and fixed costs make up the total cost in economics. Costs that change depending on how many goods or services you use are known as variable costs (VC).
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quantitative problem 1: you plan to deposit $1,600 per year for 6 years into a money market account with an annual return of 3%. you plan to make your first deposit one year from today. what amount will be in your account at the end of 6 years? do not round intermediate calculations. round your answer to the nearest cent.
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FV(annual return, year,-deposit) $10,349.46 =FV (3%,6,-1600)
Future Value deposit end of year Formula
Amount at end of 6 years Formula
Formula
FV(annual return, year,-deposit)
$10,349.46 =FV (3%,6,-1600)
Destiny cost is the fee of an asset at a selected date. It measures the nominal destiny amount of cash that a given amount of money is "really worth" at a unique time inside the destiny assuming a sure hobby rate, or greater generally, a charge of return; it is the existing price multiplied by way of the build-up function. The value no longer encompasses corrections for inflation or other factors that have an effect on the proper price of cash within the destiny.
This is utilized in the time value of cash calculations. money value fluctuates over time: $100 today has a one-of-a-kind fee of more than $ hundred in 5 years. this is because you can actually invest $ hundred nowadays in an interest-bearing bank account or any other funding, and that money will develop/shrink because of the fee of return. additionally, if $100 these days allows the purchase of an object, it's far viable that $one hundred will not be sufficient to purchase the identical item in 5 years, because of inflation (growth in purchase charge).
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using lpt priority would result in what sequence for jobs a, b, c, and d if their process times are 5, 2, 9, and 4, respectively?
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By using LPT priority method, would result in sequence for jobs a, b, c and d if their process times are 5, 2, 9 and 4 respectively are as c, a, d, b respectively.
Longest Processing Time (LPT):
The user will first enter the quantity of jobs, their names, the processing times, and the due dates for each work, or they can use the data values that were provided at the beginning. Sorting in LPT is the jobs with the longest processing times comes in second. Thirdly, use the processing time to determine the flow time for each job. The sequence accumulation of processing time spent on each operation is known as the flow time. The flow time and due date are used to compute the delays. It goes like this: Delay is equal to the difference between the flow time and the due date. Even though the formula has already been applied, there are still two requirements for calculating the delays: The delays equal zero if the computed delays are smaller than the flow time. If the computed delays exceed the flow time sequence, the delays equal the value of (flow time - due date). The next step in LPT is to calculate the aggregate processing time, aggregate flow time, and aggregate delays from the aggregate processing time, aggregate flow time, and aggregate delays.
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credit memos from the bank group of answer choices show the bank has collected a note receivable for the customer are used to show a bank service charge show that a company has deposited a customer's nsf check decrease a bank customer's account
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Option a.'s credit memos from the bank show that the bank has settled the customer's note receivable.
Credit notes or credit memos are terms used to describe business documents that are issued by sellers to buyers. Credit notes are used as a source document in the sales return diary. In other words, the credit note serves as evidence of a decline in sales.
A seller may offer a credit memo to reduce a customer's remaining debt from an earlier sales invoice. A different type of credit note or credit memorandum is issued by a bank when it increases a depositor's checking account for a specific transaction.
Vendors provide credit notes to make up for prior invoice errors, cover overpayments or cover the cost of returned products.
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the purpose of exception and performance reports is to highlight . a. opportunities to improve planning processes b. when requirements schedules may not meet demand c. periods when customer demand should be increased d. both a and b
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The goal of exception and performance reports is to draw attention to option d, which includes both a. chances to enhance planning procedures and b. instances in which needs schedules might not satisfy demand.
A performance report examines how something is performed. Governmental organizations regularly create them because they are obligated to demonstrate how public funds were used effectively and efficiently.
A company's performance and compliance with its goals and objectives are assessed through performance reporting. You collect data from particular works and analyze them to accomplish them. You can offer suggestions to enhance decision-making in your company processes once that analysis is complete.
An exception report pinpoints transactions or performance indicators that significantly depart from expected results and marks such outliers for investigation and correction.
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With the world's demand for seafood on the rise but declines in harvests of wild fish stocks occurring, the market has become the fastest-growing area of global food production.
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With the world's demand for seafood on the rise but declines in harvests of wild fish stocks occurring, the market has become the fastest-growing area of global food production in Aquaculture.
The breeding, raising, and harvesting of fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants is known as aquaculture. It's basically water farming. Aquaculture in the United States is an environmentally responsible source of food and commercial products and contributes to the creation of healthier habitats, which is used to rebuild stocks of threatened or endangered species.
Aquaculture or fish farming is required in order to meet the world's ever-increasing demand for seafood and to provide healthy protein to people in developing countries while reducing pressure on wild fish.
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you plan to retire in 25 years. you currently have $80,000 saved, and you think you will need $500,000 at retirement. what annual interest rate must you earn to reach your goal, assuming you don't save any additional funds? (assume annual compounding)
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You plan to retire in 25 years. you currently have $80,000 saved. The annual interest rate is 7.61%
An Annual interest rate is a number that represents the total monthly cost of adopting plutocrat, expressed as a chance of the top loan quantum.
Calculating the problem:we know that,
A=P(1+r/100)^n
where
A=future value
P=present value
r=rate of interest
n=time period.
500,000 = 80,000 × (1+r/100) ^25
(500,000/80,000) ^ (1/25) = (1+r/100)
(1+r/100) = 1.0761
r = 1.0761 - 1
r =7.61%(Approx)
What's called annual interest?The periodic interest rate, occasionally called the standard periodic interest rate or base rate, is the chance value you generally see first when comparing fiscal products. It's the introductory interest that you will pay on your loan or earn on your savings regard without taking compounding or freights into consideration.
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a retired teacher had been participating in a nonqualified variable annuity. she deposited $10,000 into the annuity and now receives a lump-sum payment from the annuity of $16,000. how is the distribution taxed, and what is her cost basis?
Answers
$6,000 is taxed as ordinary income and $10,000 is returned to her tax-free as it is her cost basis: will be treated as ordinary income. (84766)
What is distribution tax?
Tax Distribution is the result of (a) the total amount of taxable income or gain assigned to the Partners under Section 5.04(a) for such period and (b) the applicable tax rate for such period for any fiscal quarter, fiscal year, or other period of the Partnership during the term of the Partnership.
Nonqualified variable annuities accept after-tax money as contributions. The cost basis of an individual in the plan is the amount of a contribution made after taxes. The cost basis in this case is the retired teacher's $10,000 payments. In this case, the additional $6,000 provided to her will be regarded as ordinary income. (84766)
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What is the California shared responsibility payment?
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The California Individual Shared Responsibility Penalty is either a fixed fee per family member or 2.5% of the excess gross household income over California's filing threshold.
What is the California shared payment?If a Californian does not have health insurance for themselves and their dependents in 2020 and is otherwise ineligible for an exemption, they will be subject to an individual shared responsibility and the penalty when they file their California income and tax returns. The fine is calculated on a monthly basis and depends on a number of variables, including the household's gross income and the age of the individual. Every person who lacks protection or an exemption is subject to the penalty.
It basically states that you must either have fundamental health insurance, qualify for an exemption, or pay a fine. Although the penalty is referred to in the law as a "shared responsibility payment," the Supreme Court determined that it is actually a federal tax.
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You are planning an upcoming trip to namibia for a service project. The research on facial expressions and emotion would suggest you should.
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You are arranging a trip across Namibia for a charitable endeavor. You should presume that you are correctly interpreting the Nambian people's facial expressions, according to research regarding facial expressions and emotion.
What is defined as facial expressions and emotion?Animals like humans and several others have exceptional facial muscle control. Face expressions like emotion are structured facial muscle movements that reflect the affective emotions experienced internally.
It is obvious that efficient social interaction depends on communication. Humans can speak to one another orally, but they can also express themselves nonverbally by using body language including facial expressions.Our bodies and minds appear programmed for facial display of emotion, which is a crucial component of communication. Given the significance of emotional expression in communication, one would hypothesize that emotional expressions are culturally universal, meaning that people from all cultures exhibit the same facial expressions when feeling the same kinds of emotions.Thus, if you are planning to go throughout Namibia to support a good cause. According to studies on facial expressions and emotion, you should assume that you are accurately understanding the facial expressions of the Nambian people.
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you would expect a bond of the u.s. government and a bond of an eastern european government to pay different interest rates because of differences in the bonds'tax treatments . you would expect a bond that repays the principal in year 2040 to paya lower interest rate as compared to a bond that repays the principal in year 2020. you would expect a bond from a software company you run in your garage and a bond from coca-cola to pay different interest rates because of differences in the bonds'credit risks . you would expect a bond issued by the federal government and a bond issued by new york state to pay different interest rate because of differences in the bonds' .
Answers
Answer:
Wheres the question?
Explanation:
which of the following personality theories places greater importance on the external environment and on the effects of conditioning?
Answers
Behaviorist theories place greater importance on the external environment and in the effects of conditioning.
A well-liked idea that concentrates on how students learn is behaviorism, also known as the behavioral learning theory. According to behaviorism, all behaviors are acquired through interactions with the environment. According to this learning theory, environmental factors such as upbringing play a much smaller role in determining behavior than innate or inherited traits.
Positive reinforcement is a typical instance of behaviorism. If they score a perfect score on their spelling test, students receive a small reward. Future students will study diligently and work hard to earn their reward.
Since behaviorism implies that teachers can directly affect how their students behave, it is important for educators to understand how it affects how students react and behave in the classroom.
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suppose that the reserve ratio is 10% when the fed buys $100,000 of u.s. treasury bills from the banking system. if the banking system does not want to hold any excess reserves, will be added to the money supply.
Answers
When the banking system does not desire to hold any excess reserves, $10,000 will be added from the money supply. The complete question is shown below.
A banking system can be explained as a group or network of institutions that serve financial services for us. Operating a payment system is responsible of these institutions, serving loans, taking deposits, and helping with investments.
Based on the scenario, can be calculated with this formula
Amount of reduction in money supply = $100,000 / 10% = $10,000.
Thus, when the banking system does not want to hold any excess reserves, $10,000 will be substracted from the money supply.
"Suppose that the reserve ratio is 10% when the Fed buys $100,000 of US Treasury bills from the banking system. If the banking system does NOT want to hold any excess reserves, ______ will be added to the money supply."
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in a pure monopoly the firm is willing to sell to anyone willing and able to pay at least the marginal cost of production. the result is that output is produced where
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In a pure monopoly, the firm is willing to sell to anyone who is willing and able to pay at least the marginal cost of production. The result is that output is generated where D+MC is allocatively efficient.
Pure monopoly is a type of economic market where a single corporation has control over the whole supply of products and services. Since there is no competition in a monopolistic market, a monopolist itself can control the quantity demanded and price. The level of output that maximizes a monopoly's profit is determined by equating its marginal cost to its marginal revenue.
Microsoft Corporation is an example of first company that held a pure monopoly position on computer operating systems.
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kay company budgets overhead cost of $3,740,000 for the next year. the company uses direct labor hours as its overhead allocation base. if 85,000 direct labor hours are planned for the next year, how much overhead would be assigned to a product requiring 5 direct labor hours?
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$190.00 overhead would be assigned to a product requiring 5 direct labor hours.
What is labor ?Labor is a series of continuous, progressive contractions of the uterus that help dilate and close the cervix. Labor usually begins two weeks before or after her due date. Labor is the amount of physical, mental and social effort expended to produce product and services in an economy. We provide the know-how, people and services needed to turn raw materials into finished products and services. Work is the effort people put into producing product and services. Labor resources include waiter jobs that bring food to local restaurants and engineer jobs that designed the bus that takes you to school.To learn more about labor from the given link :
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how might the fact that a stapled financing package offering debt financing equal to 4.0x ltm ebitda with a one third minimum equity contribution affect a strategic buyer's bid?
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A staple offered loan financing at 4.0x LTM EBITDA with a minimum equity commitment of 33%, the purchase price would need to be at least 6.0x LTM EBITDA because the enterprise value multiple is 6.0x/67% = 4.0x when debt financing is at 67% of the price.
What is the process for equity contribution?Equity contributions are investments made by owners in assets that represent unrestricted ownership interests. The concept is applied in a variety of contexts, such as loan agreements and corporate ownership stakes. It is also important while buying real estate.
In the above answer by identifying a leverage level that can be used as the basis for evaluating a purchase price, the staple may, in part, help to offer a value floor for the target.
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return on equity can be expressed mathematically as (return on assets) x (total assets/stockholders' equity).
a. true
b. false
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Return on equity can be expressed mathematically as (return on assets) x (total assets/stockholders' equity).
a. true
A stockholder of a organization is an person or criminal entity that is registered by way of the business enterprise because the felony proprietor of shares of the proportion capital of a public or personal corporation. Shareholders may be referred to as participants of a organisation.
An proprietor of a organization's stocks of common stock is called a not unusual stockholder. The common stockholders decide on the business enterprise's board of directors and will vote on certain transactions which includes merging the company with some other enterprise.
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jared is buying a condo from luke. sally is jared’s lender, and thomas is jared’s agent. meredith is luke’s agent. who is responsible for providing the loan estimate?
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Sally, Jared's lender is responsible for providing the loan estimate.
The lender has to offer you a loan Estimate within 3 enterprise days of receiving your utility. The mortgage Estimate is a shape that took effect on Oct. Three, 2015. The shape presents you with crucial facts, along with the anticipated interest charge, monthly charge, and total final fees for the loan.
It permits the lender to affirm the employment listed on the applicant's mortgage software. Numerous events have a position in finishing elements of the verification of employment shape.
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liabilities: a. must involve an outflow of cash. b. must be certain. c. . must always have a definite date for payment. d. must be for a specific amount. e. must sometimes be estimated.
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D) Sometimes it's necessary to estimate liabilities. It implies that a company can choose how much will be paid in the future.
What do liabilities mean?A liability is an obligation that a person or business has, typically financial in nature. Over time, liabilities are resolved by the transmission of economic advantages like cash, products, or services.
Liabilities on the balance sheet's right side are represented by debts like loans, accounts payable, mortgages, deferred revenue, bonds, warranties, and accumulated costs. Assets can be contrasted with liabilities. Assets are items you own or owe money to, whereas liabilities are debts or other obligations.
How Differ Long-Term (Noncurrent) Liabilities From Current Liabilities?
Businesses will categorize their liabilities according to when they are due. Current assets are frequently used to settle short-term obligations that have a one-year maturity date. Non-current liabilities are those that have a maturity date of more than one year and typically include delayed payments and debt repayments.
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a firm can be the sole supplier of a good and still not be considered a monopoly if part 2 a. the firm is not large. b. the good produced is not important to the economy. c. there are very close substitutes for the good. d. the firm is making normal profits.
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If option c. is true and there exist highly similar substitutes for the good, a company can be the only supplier of a good and still not be seen as a monopoly.
If there is just one seller in the market, this is a situation called a monopoly. In traditional economic theory, the monopolistic situation is seen as the complete antithesis of perfect competition.
In the absence of competition, monopolies are able to establish prices and keep them stable and predictable for customers. Monopolies gain from economies of scale and frequently generate enormous volumes for less money per unit. A company that enjoys monopoly status can do so without fear of competition and safely invest in innovation.
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What was a chief argument of the united organizations of taxpayers regarding the benefits of lower property taxes for small homeowners?.
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The primary justification offered by the United Organizations of Taxpayers for Lower Property Taxes of Small Homeowners Unlike businesses, homeowners did not enjoy tax advantages.
Define the term Property Taxes?Property tax is a charge made on real estate that is owned by a person, a business, or another type of legal body.
Property tax is most frequently a real estate commercial tax, which is regarded as a regressive tax. It is computed by the local government in the area where it property is situated, and the owner is responsible for paying it. Usually, taxes are calculated based upon that value of the assets that are possessed, including land. However, a lot of places additionally tax things like vehicles and boats that are tangible personal property. The primary source of revenue for local governments is property taxes. A key local revenue resource for funding K–12 education, policing and fire departments, recreation, and other services, they contribute for roughly three-quarters of regional tax receipts.Thus, the United Organizations of Taxpayers' main defense for lowering small homeowners' property taxes Homeowners did not benefit from tax advantages like corporations did.
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ramer and knox began a partnership by investing $86,000 and $129,000, respectively. during its first year, the partnership earned $250,000. prepare calculations showing how the $250,000 income is allocated under each separate plan for sharing income and loss.
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When the partners failed to agree on a method to share income, ramer will get $112,500, Knox will get $112,500. When the partners agreed to split income and loss in proportion to their first investments, ramer will get $90,000, Knox will get $135,000.
A partnership may be defined as a process where parties, called as business partners, able to cooperate to advance their mutual interests.
When the partners failed to agree on a method to share income.
The income is shared similarly.
Ramer: $225,000×50% = $112,500
Knox: $225,000×50% = $112,500
When the partners agreed to split income and loss in proportion to their first investments.
Total capital =$86,000 + $129,000
Total capital= $215,000
Ramer: $225,000 x $86,000/$215,000 = $90,000
Knox: $225,000 x $129,000 /$215,000 = $135,000
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Trucking llc enters into a contract to deliver a certain quantity of potatoes to united foods’s refrigerated warehouse in exchange for a specified payment. Trucking delivers the spuds to the location. United’s duty to pay is.
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Trucking LLC signs an agreement to deliver a specific number of potatoes to United Foods' chilled warehouse in return for a specific sum of money. The spuds are transported there by truck. United is absolutely obligated to pay.
What is transport?The movement of people, animals, and things between two places is referred to as transport. In addition to air, land (train and road), water, cable, pipeline, and space are modes of transportation. Infrastructure, transportation, and operations make up this field. Human trade is crucial for the growth of civilizations, and transportation makes it possible. Transport infrastructure includes both fixed installations, such as roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals, and pipelines, and terminals, such as airports, railway stations, bus stations, warehouses, trucking terminals, refueling depots (including fuelling docks and fuel stations), and seaports. The exchange of passengers and goods as well as maintenance activities can both take place at terminals. The various forms of transportation infrastructure that are used to move people or goods collectively are referred to as means of transport.
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What do local and state governments do to attract local businesses and stimulate the local economy?.
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By promoting business registration and job creation, fostering sustainable growth by giving private businesses like construction firms and IT professionals employment opportunities, and by facilitating contemporary internet access, local governments have a direct impact on the local economy.
Professional presentation is not a must for building a personal brand. Additionally, branding requires the following components to be present simultaneously:
knowledge of the industry, values, and education.
To gain a job in the sector, one must first be educated. Maintaining your place at work depends heavily on your values.
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the interest rate is 7 percent. use the concept of pres- ent value to compare $200 to be received in 10 years and $300 to be received in 20 years.
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Interest rates tell you the cost of borrowing and the return on your savings. So if you are a borrower,
The interest rate is the amount you are charged for borrowing, expressed as a percentage of the total amount of the loan. The purpose of lowering the benchmark interest rate was to help control the economic impact of the coronavirus on the UK economy. In December 2021 it will be raised to 0.25% and in February 2022 it will be raised again to 0.5%.Learn more about interest rate here: https://brainly.com/question/20690803
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The present value of $200 to be received in 10 years, using a 7 percent interest rate, is approximately $116.76. The present value of $300 to be received in 20 years, using the same interest rate, is approximately $116.76 as well.
To compare the present values of the two amounts, we need to calculate the current worth of each future payment based on the given interest rate. The concept of present value helps us determine the value of future cash flows in today's dollars.
The formula to calculate the present value is:
PV = FV / (1 + r)^n
Where:
PV = Present value
FV = Future value
r = Interest rate
n = Number of years
For the first scenario, $200 to be received in 10 years:
PV = 200 / (1 + 0.07)^10
PV = 200 / (1.07)^10
PV ≈ 116.76
For the second scenario, $300 to be received in 20 years:
PV = 300 / (1 + 0.07)^20
PV = 300 / (1.07)^20
PV ≈ 116.76
Using the concept of present value and a 7 percent interest rate, we find that both $200 to be received in 10 years and $300 to be received in 20 years have approximately the same present value of $116.76. This means that, in terms of their current worth, both amounts are equivalent when considering the given interest rate.
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Croatia Airlines purchases commercial airplanes from Boeing Corporation located in Seattle Washington. (choose the two correct answers for full credit) A. The purchase will create a credit in the United States'financial (capitall account. B. The purchase will create a credit in the United States' current account C. The purchase will create a debit in Croatia's current account. D. The purchase will create a debit in the United States' balance of payments E. The purchase will create a credit in Croatia's financial ícapital account.
Answers
Since buying from Croatia will bring in money for the United States, credit will rise, which in turn will raise equity capital account. The same entry will be debited from Croatia's current account (the money is taken out of Croatia's account).
What in accounting is equity capital?
Equity capital is money that investors put into a company in return for common or preferred stock.A company's core funding, to which debt financing may be added, is represented by this.
Is capital from equity an asset?
Assets are the resources needed to run a business, whereas equity is the money needed to make the resources.a chart of accounts It is based on the accounting equation that says the company's total assets are equal to the sum of all liabilities and owner capital.
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Aside from the issue of taxation by representation, why did the virginia house of burgesses object to parliament’s stamp tax?.
Answers
The Virginia House of Burgesses opposes the stamp tax because it would place a heavy financial burden on the colonists, in addition to the taxation by representation issue.
A taxation is a tax is a mandatory financial charge or other kind of levy that is placed on a taxpayer by a governmental entity in order to pay for government spending, other public expenses, and taxes. In almost every nation on the planet, taxes are mandatory levies that are imposed by the government on people or organizations. Although it can be used for other things as well, taxes are primarily used to raise money for government spending. Taxes and other obligations that a government places on its citizens are referred to as taxes. In almost every nation on earth, income taxes are collected. Taxes, on the other hand, are paid on all mandatory levies, including those on income, corporate profits, property, capital gains, sales, and inheritance.
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Which of the following may be reasons for substantial shifts in business expectations?
a. court decisions in key labor or antitrust cases
b. changes in trade barriers
c. changes in exchange rates
d. steady increases in price levels
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Steady increases in price levels may be reasons for substantial shifts in business expectations. So, the correct answer is d.
A significant transformation in one's perspective, concepts, and methods of doing something is referred to as a substantial shift. A paradigm shift can occur in a variety of settings, including scientific research and business.
When new technology is introduced and drastically changes how an item or service is produced, industries frequently experience substantial shifts. These changes are important catalysts for many social transformations, such as the American Industrial Revolution or the information revolution that began in the 2000s.
A substantial shift is a fundamental shift in how people think and act that overturns and replaces an earlier paradigm.
Following the accumulation of anomalies or evidence that contests the current paradigm, a substantial shift.
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when conversing with people, we typically achieve percent accuracy in interpreting each other's remarks.
Answers
when conversing with people, we typically achieve percent accuracy in interpreting each other's remarks 25 to 50.
A measurement or test's % accuracy is a gauge of how closely it resembles its actual or ideal value. This ratio is the true value divided by the difference between the true and measured values. Manufacturers refer to the accuracy as a percentage of the reading that is now shown when they characterize their accuracy as "% of reading". For instance, a gauge that reads 100 psi and has a 0.1% reading accuracy would be accurate to 0.1 psi at that pressure.High accuracy equates to low error rate, whereas low accuracy equates to high error rate. The accuracy is expressed as a percentage by the accuracy formula, and the total of accuracy and error rate is one hundred percent.
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ross has received a special order for 10,000 units of its product at a special price of $30. the product normally sells for $40 and has the following manufacturing costs:
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A special order for 10,000 of Ross's products at a discounted price of $30 has been received. The item typically costs $40, but its manufacturing costs have increased by $80,000.
The expenses incurred in turning raw materials into finished goods are known as manufacturing costs. The value-added processes that link the four inputs of labor, material, energy, and machines are these. In general, these expenses are very changeable and based on the final output.
What elements have an impact on manufacturing costs-
The socio-economic conditions in the area where the activity is done frequently affect labor prices.
Remember that intricacy doesn't necessarily enhance a product's appearance or functionality. In fact, too complicated designs can make a product less useful and perform worse while costing more to produce.
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under a flexible exchange rate regime, when the value of the domestic currency decreases, it is called a(n) .
Answers
When the value of currency decreases it is called devaluation.
Devaluation refers to the intentional reduction in the price of a nation's currency in relation to a different monetary unit, currency band, or monetary standard. Countries with fixed or flexible exchange rates employ this monetary policy tool. It is the opposite of revaluation, which is often confused with depreciation and refers to the revision of a currency's exchange rate.
In macroeconomics and modern financial theory, a devaluation is a trustworthy decline in the value of a nation's currency within a predetermined exchange-charge mechanism, in which a monetary authority formally sets a lower exchange rate for the national currency relative to a foreign reference currency or foreign currency basket.
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