what is entropy?


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Answer:

Nitrite

Explanation:

Nitrous Oxide = N₂O

Nitrite = NO₂

Ammonia = NH₃

Nitrate = NO₃⁻

Answer:

mass = 266.8 g

Explanation:

mass = no. of moles  x   molar mass ([tex]M_r[/tex])

[tex]M_r \space\ \space\ of[/tex] [tex]Mg(NO_2)_2[/tex]   = 24 + 2[14 + 2(16)]

                                 = 116

∴ mass = 2.3  x  116

            = 266.8 g

2.54 × 10⁵ kJ of heat are required to fully melt a 0.834 m³ block of ice, with a density of 917 kg / m³.

Melting is a physical change in which solids turn into liquids.

We have a block of 0.834 m³ of ice with a density of 917 kg/m³.

0.834 m³ × 917 kg/m³ = 765 kg = 7.65 × 10⁵ g

We will use the molar mass of water.

7.65 × 10⁵ g × (1 mol/18,02 g) = 4.24 × 10⁴ mol

According to the thermochemical equation, 6.01 kJ are required to melt 1 mol of water.

4.24 × 10⁴ mol × (6.01 kJ/mol) = 2.54 × 10⁵ kJ

2.54 × 10⁵ kJ of heat are required to fully melt a 0.834 m³ block of ice, with a density of 917 kg / m³.

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The enthalpy change (ΔH) for the reaction (per mole H₂O produced) is 56.96 KJ/mol

Mass = density × volume

Mass = 1 × 110

Mass = 110 g

Q = MCΔT

Q = 110 × 4.184 × 4.22

Q = 1942.2128 J

Ba(OH)₂ + 2HCl --> BaCl₂ + 2H₂O

Since the reaction occurs in a constant‑pressure calorimeter, it means both reactants are sufficient enough for the reaction.

Mole of Ba(OH)₂ = molarity × volume

Mole of Ba(OH)₂ = 0.310 × (55 / 1000)

Mole of Ba(OH)₂ = 0.01705 mole

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of Ba(OH)₂ reacted to produce 2 moles of H₂O.

Therefore,

0.01705 mole of Ba(OH)₂ will react to produce = 0.01705 × 2 = 0.0341 mole of H₂O.

ΔH = Q / n

ΔH = 1942.2128 / 0.0341

ΔH = 56956.29 J/mol

Divide by 1000 to express in KJ/mol

ΔH = 56956.29 / 1000

ΔH = 56.96 KJ/mol

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The electronic configuration of organic compounds depends on the orbitals of their atoms and molecules.

The expression 'electronic configuration' makes reference to the spacial arrangement of electrons in distinct energy orbitals of an atom/molecule.

The orbitals are designed with numbers and letters, whereas the amount of electrons in each orbital is expressed as superscripts (e.g., 1s² 2s² 2p² in the C atom that form glucose).

In conclusion, electronic configuration of organic compounds depends on the orbitals of their atoms and molecules.

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The  Percent yield of  soap is 17.8%

Percent yield is given as follows:

The actual yield of soap = 6.2 g

The expected yield is determined from the equation of the reaction.

The equation of the reaction is given as follows:

NaOH + CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COOH ----> CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COONa + H₂O

Molar mass of (palm kernel oil) CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COOH = 256 g/mol

Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g/mol

Molar mass of (soap) CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COONa = 278 g/mol

Mass of palm kernel oil = 9.9 g

Expected mass of soap = 5/40 * 278 = 34.75 g

Percent yield = 6.2/34.75 * 100 = 17.8%

Therefore, the Percent yield of  soap is 17.8%

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Answer:

d

Explanation:

2H₂(g) +CO(g) → CH₄O (l)

Since H₂ was reacted with excess CO, H₂ is the limiting reagent. This means that the amount of product formed is dependent on the amount, i.e. the number of moles, of H₂.

The number of moles of H₂ can be calculated by taking the mass divided by its Mr (relative molecular mass).

Mr of H₂= 2(1)= 2

Moles of H₂ (g)

= 6.12 ÷2

= 3.06 mol

From the balanced equation, 2 moles of H₂(g) produces 1 mole of CH₄O(g).

Since we have 3.06 moles of H₂(g),

Moles of CH₄O (l) produced

= 3.06 ÷2

= 1.53 mol

Mr of CH₄O

= 12 +4 +16

= 32

Mass= mole ×Mr

Mass of CH₄O (l) produced

= 1.53(32)

= 48.96 g

Thus, d would be the best option.

Answer:

1.915 x 10²³ atoms Pb

Explanation:

To find the amount of atoms, you need to (1) convert grams to moles (via atomic mass of lead) and then (2) convert moles to atoms (via Avogadro's Number). It is important to arrange the conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units (the desired unit should be in the numerator). The final answer should have 4 sig figs to match the given value (65.89 g).

Atomic Mass (Pb): 207.20 g/mol

Avogadro's Number:

6.022 x 10²³ atoms = 1 mole

65.89 g Pb           1 mole             6.022 x 10²³ atoms
------------------  x  ----------------  x  -------------------------------  =  1.915 x 10²³ atoms Pb
                            207.20 g                  1 mole

Answer:

109.988623 Pounds or 49.89kg

Explanation:

Answer:

The pH of the solution is 2.873

Explanation:

Given:

Let the solution of the uric acid be HA. We have to set up the ICE table as follows;

        HA(aq) + H20(l)  ⇄ H3O^+(aq)  + A^-

I         0.0140                       0                 0

C       -x                                +x                +x

E    0.0140 - x                      x                   x

Ka = 10^-(pka)

    = 10^-3.89

    = 1.28 x 10^-4

Ka = [H+] * [A-]/[HA]

=> 1.28 x 10^-4 = [H+]^2 / 0.0140

=>[H+]^2 = 1.28 x 10^-4 x 0.014

=> [ H+] = 1.338656 x 10^-3

so pH = - log [ H+ ] =  - log  1.338656 x 10^-3

= 3 - log 1.338656

= 2.87333101111

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Answer:

The composition of Mg(OH)2 is

41.67 % Mg,

54.87 % O

3.457 % H

Explanation:

Thats the percent composition for each one in your question

Answer:

Hello! The answer to your question is:

Mg: 41.68%

O2: 54.86%

H2: 3.46%

Explanation:

We need to find the percent composition of each element, so first, we need to find the molar mass. This is calculated by using the number underneath the element. The "2" outside of the parentheses is distributed to Oxygen and Hydrogen as well-meaning that you multiply the number by 2:

Mg: 24.31 g/mol

O2: 16.00 × 2 = 32.00 g/mol

H2: 1.01 × 2 = 2.02 g/mol

Now, we have to add up the molar mass of each element:

24.31 g/mol + 32.00 g/mol + 2.02 g/mol = 58.33

To find the percent composition of each element, you have to divide the molar mass of each element by the total molar mass:

Mg: [tex]\frac{24.31 g/mol}{58.33 g/mol} \\= 41.68 percent[/tex]

O2: [tex]\frac{32.00 g/mol}{58.33 g/mol} \\= 54.86 percent[/tex]

H2: [tex]\frac{2.02 g/mol}{58.33 g/mol} \\= 3.46 percent[/tex]

The percent composition of each element is:

Mg: 41.68%

O2: 54.86%

H2: 3.46%

Answer:

1.) 2 Fe (s) + 3 Cl₂ (g) ---> 2 FeCl₃ (aq)

2.) 2.0 moles FeCl₃

3.) 0.67 moles FeCl₃

4.) 1.5 g FeCl₃

Explanation:

1.)

The unbalanced reaction:

Fe (s) + Cl₂ (g) ---> FeCl₃ (aq)

Reactants: 1 iron, 2 chlorine

Products: 1 iron, 3 chlorine

The balanced reaction:

2 Fe (s) + 3 Cl₂ (g) ---> 2 FeCl₃ (aq)

Reactants: 2 iron, 6 chlorine

Products: 2 iron, 6 chlorine

2.)

To find moles FeCl₃, you need to multiply the given value by the mole-to-mole ratio of Fe to FeCl₃. This ratio is constructed via the coefficients from the balanced equation.

2.0 moles Fe          2 moles FeCl₃
---------------------  x  ------------------------  = 2.0 moles FeCl₃
                                 2 moles Fe

3.)

To determine how much FeCl₃ is produced, you need to identify the limiting reagent. To find it, you need to convert both reactants to the product then identify which reactant gives you the smallest amount of product. This reactant is the limiting reagent and will give you your actual answer.

1.0 mole Fe         2 moles FeCl₃
-------------------  x  -----------------------  = 1.0 moles FeCl₃
                               2 moles Fe

1.0 mole Cl₂         2 moles FeCl₃
-------------------  x  ------------------------  = 0.67 moles FeCl₃
                              3 moles Cl₂

4.)

Because Cl₂ is the limiting reagent, we need to convert grams Cl₂ to grams FeCl₃. This can be done using the molar masses of both compounds and the mole-to-mole ratio.

Molar Mass (Cl₂): 2(35.453 g/mol)

Molar Mass (Cl₂): 70.906 g/mol

Molar Mass (FeCl₃): 55.845 g/mol + 3(35.453 g/mol)

Molar Mass (FeCl₃): 162.204 g/mol

1.0 g Cl₂          1 mole             2 moles FeCl₃         162.204 g
-------------  x  -----------------  x  -----------------------  x  ------------------  =  1.5 g FeCl₃
                      70.906 g            3 moles Cl₂              1 mole

Answer:

15.17 ml

Explanation:

4.8 % is .048 in decimal

316 ml  * .048 = 15.17 ml    ( about 1/2 ounce)

Answer:

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Explanation:

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The greater, the ionic property, the greater will be solubility. water is a covalent compound where calcium carbonate is ionic that's why the solubility of [tex]CaCO_{3}[/tex](s) would be greater.

The capability of a substance, the solvent, to combine with another substance, the solvent, has been known as solubility. Insolubility, or just the solute's inability to create that kind of a solution, would be the opposite attribute.

Ionic chemicals dissolve readily in just about any liquid that has the ability to rupture the ionic link present in them. Since water itself has a stronger ionic bond and is still polar in nature, water disrupts the ionic link by hydrogen bonding. Several other solvents, like kerosene and gasoline, are unable to dissolve the ionic bond.

The greater, the ionic property, the greater will be solubility. water is a covalent compound where calcium carbonate is ionic that's why the solubility of [tex]CaCO_{3}[/tex](s) would be greater in distilled water than in tap water that contains 50 mg/L of calcium ions

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Answer:

4.27 L

Explanation:

STP = 0 C   and   1 atm  

P1V1/T1   = P2V2/T2       where T is in Kelvin

P1 V1 / T1   *T2/P2   = V2

.469 * 5 / ( 273.15-123)  *  273.15/1   = V2 = 4.27 L

Answer:

is an assumption , in an idea that is proposed for the sake of argument so that it can be tested to see if it might be true.

아 이거 끝이 없어

Theoretical yield produced is 31.8 gram and the percentage yield is 62.27%.

The zinc (Zn) is more reactive than lead (Pb). So that zinc loses electrons more easily than lead .

And the electrons of Zn are transfer to lead in this reaction .

This question is a limiting reactant question .

And For limiting reactant questions so that we need to determine that how much product can be produced by all reactant .

Zinc and Lead (II) nitrate react to form Zinc Nitrate and Lead.

Zn + Pb(NO₃)₂ → Zn(NO₃)₂ + Pb

Now we have- Weight of Pb(NO₃)₂ = 49.5 g

molar mass of Pb(NO₃)₂ = 331.2 g

now moles of Pb(NO₃)₂ = 49.5 ÷ 331.2 = 0.15 moles

Moles of Pb consumed = 1 × 0.15 = 0.15

moles mass of Pb consumed = 0.15 × 207.2 = 31.8 gm

Here Zn is in excess so that lead(II) nitrate is a limiting reactant.

(a) Theoretical yield of lead -  

moles of Pb produced = 0.15 × 1  = 0.15 moles

molar mass of Pb = 207.2g

mass of Pb produced in reaction = 0.15 × 207.2   = 31.08 g

theoretical yield = 31.8 gram

(b) After separating the lead by filtration -

obtained lead = 19.8gm

Percentage yield = 19.8 ÷ 31.8 ×100 = 62.27%

so that after separating the lead the percentage yield is 62.27%.

So, After applying the concepts of stoichiometric method the theoretical yield produced came out to be 31.8 gram and the percentage yield came out to be 62.27%.

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The true statement about this chemical reaction is that: D. the change in enthalpy is +180 kJ, so it is an endothermic reaction.

In order to determine whether this chemical reaction is endothermic or exothermic, we would determine the change in enthalpy as follows:

The change in enthalpy = The energy of products - the energy of reactants

Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;

The change in enthalpy = -240 - (-420)

The change in enthalpy = -240 + 420

The change in enthalpy = 180 kJ.

Since the change in enthalpy for this chemical reaction, we can infer and logically conclude that it is an endothermic reaction because heat is absorbed.

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Complete Question:

The table shows the thermodynamic data for a reaction.

Thermodynamic Data:

Energy of the Reactants: -420 kJ

Energy of the Products: -240 kJ

Activation Energy: -310 kJ

Which of the following statements explains if the reaction is endothermic or exothermic?

The activation energy is lower than the change in enthalpy, so it is an exothermic reaction.

B. The activation energy is higher than the change in enthalpy, so it is an endothermic reaction.

C. The change in enthalpy is -180 kJ, so it is an exothermic reaction.

D. The change in enthalpy is +180 kJ, so it is an endothermic reaction.

Answer:

The wavelength of a photon with an energy of 4.56×10⁻¹⁹ J is 463nm (nanometer)

Define the wavelength of a photon.

Each photon has a wavelength and a frequency. The wavelength is defined as the distance between two peaks of the electric field with the same vector.

A photon is the smallest element of electromagnetic radiation. You can think of a photon as a packet of energy travelling at the speed of light. There is no constant wavelength of a photon, it is dependent on how much energy the photon carries.

The mathematical relationship can be written as

E=hc/ λ

In terms of wavelength,

λ=hc/E

- h is planks constant

- c is the speed of light

- E is the energy of the photon

Where h = 6.626×10⁻³⁴ J⋅s is Planck’s constant and c = 3×10⁸ m/s is the speed of light.

If E = 4.56×10⁻¹⁹ J then λ = 463nm (nano meter)

Hence, the wavelength of a photon with an energy of 4.56×10⁻¹⁹ J is 463nm(nanometer)

Hope its helpful!

Answer:

The wavelength of a photon with an energy of 4.56×10⁻¹⁹ J is 463nm (nanometer)

Define the wavelength of a photon.

Each photon has a wavelength and a frequency. The wavelength is defined as the distance between two peaks of the electric field with the same vector.

A photon is the smallest element of electromagnetic radiation. You can think of a photon as a packet of energy travelling at the speed of light. There is no constant wavelength of a photon, it is dependent on how much energy the photon carries.

The mathematical relationship can be written as

E=hc/ λ

In terms of wavelength,

λ=hc/E

- h is planks constant

- c is the speed of light

- E is the energy of the photon

Where h = 6.626×10⁻³⁴ J⋅s is Planck’s constant and c = 3×10⁸ m/s is the speed of light.

If E = 4.56×10⁻¹⁹ J then λ = 463nm (nano meter)

Hence, the wavelength of a photon with an energy of 4.56×10⁻¹⁹ J is 463nm(nanometer)

Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 2.405 moles of NaCl are formed when  127.49 grams of Na₂CO₂ reacts with excess of FeCl₃.

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

2 FeCl+ 3 Na₂CO₂ → Fe₂(CO₃)₃ + 6 NaCl

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

The molar mass of the compounds is:

Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

The following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 318 grams of Na₂CO₂ form 6 moles of NaCl, 127.49 grams of Na₂CO₂ form how many moles of NaCl?

[tex]moles of NaCl=\frac{127.49 grams of Na_{2} CO_{2} x6 moles of NaCl }{318grams of Na_{2} CO_{2} }[/tex]

moles of NaCl= 2.405 moles

Then, 2.405 moles of NaCl are formed when  127.49 grams of Na₂CO₂ reacts with excess of FeCl₃.

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77.78 kJ of energy is released when 1 mol of glucose is burned, 2802.5 kJ of energy is released.

A mole is defined as 6.02214076 ×[tex]10^{23}[/tex] of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole is a convenient unit to use because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.

Calculate the moles of 5.00g of glucose.

Given mass = 5.00g

The molar mass of glucose = 180.156 g/mol

[tex]Moles = \frac{mass}{molar \;mass}[/tex]

[tex]Moles = \frac{5.00g}{180.156 g/mol}[/tex]

Moles =0.02775372455

The quantity of energy released to a person by eating 5.00g of glucose in a candy.

0.02775372455 x 2802.5 kJ

77.77981305 kJ =77.78 kJ

Hence, 777.78 kJ of energy is released.

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Answer:

D.) C₂H₃O₂⁻ (aq) + H⁺ ---> HC₂H₃O₂

Explanation:

The net ionic equation shows the compounds/elements that directly involved in the reaction. These substances can be determined depending on where and how many times they appear in the equation. If the compounds/elements appear on both the reactants and products side of the equation, they will not be found it the net ionic equation.

Expanded Equation:

Na⁺ + C₂H₃O₂⁻ (aq) + H⁺ + Cl⁻ ---> Na⁺ + Cl⁻ + HC₂H₃O₂

Net Ionic Equation:

C₂H₃O₂⁻ (aq) + H⁺ ---> HC₂H₃O₂

Therefore, since Na⁺ and Cl⁻ are located on both sides, they are eliminated. This leaves only the C₂H₃O₂⁻ (aq), H⁺, and HC₂H₃O₂ left in the net ionic equation.

Answer:

978.19° C

Explanation:

P1V1/T1 =P2V2/T2     Since the pressure is constant, this can be written as

V1/T1 = V2/T2      RE-ARRANGE TO

V2 *  T1/V1   = T2       Note:  T must be in Kelvin!!

1.5 L  *  (273.15 + 23)  / (.355 L ) = T2 = 1251.338 K  =978.19 C

Answer:

Attached Below

Explanation:

According to the law of conservation of mass 1.7 grams of [tex]O_2[/tex] will be formed.

A mole is defined as 6.02214076 × 1[tex]0^{23}[/tex]of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole is a convenient unit to use because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.

[tex]2HgO[/tex]→ [tex]2Hg + O_2[/tex]

According to the laws of conservation mass of reactants should be equal to the mass of products.

23.5 grams - 21.8 grams

1.7 grams of [tex]O_2[/tex] will be formed.

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Answer:

655

Explanation:

using bodmas, (bracket first), 8.81-7.50=1.31

1.31÷0.0020=655

The equation that is correct for coffee-cup calorimeter is q reaction = -q calorimeter. Details about coffee-cup calorimeter.

A calorimeter is an apparatus for measuring the heat generated or absorbed by either a chemical reaction, change of phase or some other physical change.

A coffee-cup calorimeter is a specific type of calorimeter that involves the absorption of heat of a reaction by water when a reaction occurs.

The enthalpy change of the reaction is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the heat flow for the water:

qreaction = -(qwater)

Therefore, the equation that is correct for coffee-cup calorimeter is q reaction = -q calorimeter.

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Answer:

Empirical: NO2. Molecular: N2O4

Explanation:

In order to determine the empirical formula, we divide each element's mass by their respective molar mass:

N: 0.3955g/14.01 g/mol = 0.02823 mol

O: 0.904g/16.00 g/mol = 0.0565 mol

Next, we take the smallest value and multiply it till it is close enough to an integer:

0.02823 x 40 = 1.12 Close enough to 1.

0.0565 x 40 = 2.26. Close enough to 2.

Therefore, the Empirical Formula is: NO2

Next, we determine how much the Empirical formula weighs and see if it matches 92g/mol:

14.01 g/mol + 2(16.00 g/mol) = 46.01 g/mol

We can assume this is roughly half of 92 g/mol so we can multiply each subscript by 2 to match the weight.

Therefore, the Molecular formula is N2O4

Hope this helped!