What is cancer? Is cancer only one disease?
How does cancer affect the cell cycle and the growth of cells? How is this process similar to or different from how an infectious disease affects cells?
How do genes play a role in cancer progression?
Are there any environmental or pathogenic factors that can cause cancer?
How does cancer progress in the body? Why is cancer difficult to treat in the later stages?
What do the terms stage and grade mean in the context of cancer?
What current treatments exist for cancer?
What treatments are on the horizon?
What are the challenges of treating or curing cancer?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

- ​Cancer isn't a single disease. The term cancer encompasses more than 200 diseases all characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells.

- Cancer cells also fail to undergo programmed cell death, or apoptosis, under conditions when normal cells would (e.g., due to DNA damage). In addition, emerging research shows that cancer cells may undergo metabolic changes that support increased cell growth and division 5start superscript, 5, end superscript.

Genetic Changes and Cancer

Genes carry the instructions to make proteins, which do much of the work in our cells. Certain gene changes can cause cells to evade normal growth controls and become cancer. For example, some cancer-causing gene changes increase production of a protein that makes cells grow.

- People who have certain jobs such as; painting, construction, pesticide and petroleum workers have an increased risk of cancer. Many studies have shown that exposure to asbestos, benzene, benzidine, cadmium, nickel, arsenic, radon and vinyl chloride in the workplace can cause cancer.

- Metastatic cancer causes most cancer deaths, but exactly why it is so difficult to treat is not precisely understood. Metastatic tumors often acquire additional genetic changes from those in the primary tumors that spawned them, and these genetic characteristics may cause them to resist standard treatments.

- Treating cancer is further complicated due to the lifestyle and attitude of patients, the different physiology of people and the rate their bodies will metabolise drugs, the blood supply to the tumour affecting the drug getting into the tumour, the tumour physiology and the fact that the tumour can continue to change.

- The stage of a cancer describes the size of a tumour and how far it has spread from where it originated. The grade describes the appearance of the cancerous cells.

- Cancer treatment options include:

Surgery. The goal of surgery is to remove the cancer or as much of the cancer as possible.

   Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells.

   Radiation therapy. ...

   Bone marrow transplant. ...

   Immunotherapy. ...

   Hormone therapy. ...

   Targeted drug therapy. ...

   Cryoablation.

- Cancer treatments on the horizon

Current treatments. There are many treatments currently available to treat different types of cancers. ...

   Biological therapy. ...

   Haematopoietic growth factors. ...

   Stem cell and bone marrow transplants. ...

   Individual hormonal drugs. ...

   Monoclonal antibodies. ...

   Surgery. ...

   Clinical trials.

- Treating cancer is further complicated due to the lifestyle and attitude of patients, the different physiology of people and the rate their bodies will metabolise drugs, the blood supply to the tumour affecting the drug getting into the tumour, the tumour physiology and the fact that the tumour can continue to change.

Explanation:

MY INTRODUCTION ARE ANSWERS TO ALL YOUR QUESTIONS (your question is too long)


Related Questions

What is the NADPH responsible for?

Answers

Answer:

NADPH is a cofactor, used to donate electrons and a hydrogens to reactions catalyzed by some enzymes.

where does the carbon for photosynthesis come from

Answers

Carbon Dioxide

Don't ask me how I got it, I just remeber

Ps. Branilist would help a lot

3. An animal population decreases from 800 individuals to 600 individuals. Which of the following could explain this
change in population size?
A. The population size of the animal's predator increased.
B. The emigration rate of the animals from the population decreased.
C. The population size of the animal's prey increased.
D. The number of species competing with the animal for food decreased.
RESOURCE:
ASAP

Answers

The statement that could explain the reason for the decrease in population of an animal from 800 individuals to 600 individuals is: The population size of the animal's predator increased.

POPULATION:

Population refers to a collection or assemblage of individuals of a species of organism. A population decrease means loss of individuals of a species.

Population decrease can be attributed to the following reasons:

Increase in the number of predators of that species. Emigration i.e. moving outIncrease in competition within the population

This means that a population decrease in the animal in this question could be caused by an increase in the population of predators.

Learn more about population size at: https://brainly.com/question/2375972?referrer=searchResults

why are peas carbohydrates

Answers

Complex carbohydrates are made up of sugar molecules that are strung together in long, complex chains. Complex carbohydrates are found in foods such as peas, beans, whole grains, and vegetables. Both simple and complex carbohydrates are turned to glucose (blood sugar) in the body and are used as energy.

Explanation:

Hope this helps you !!

When would a point mutation occur?

It can occur before and after cell division
Before the cell divides
After the cell divides
Before DNA replication

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is option 1. Before and After Cell Division

Explanation:

Point mutations are frequently the result of mistakes made during DNA replication, although modification of DNA, such as through exposure to X-rays or to ultraviolet radiation, also can induce point mutations. But they may also occur after as well as before the division of a cell.

what is the difference in the function of the glycoprotein structures

Answers

Answer:

The glycoprotein structures are used for attachment, and the cilia are used to move fluids surrounding the cell.

Explanation:

The glycoprotein structures are used for attachment, and the cilia are used to move fluids surrounding the cell.

Passive transport move molecules without

Answers

Answer:

Passive transport moves molecules without energy

Explanation: hope this helps plz make brainlist

Which statement describes the moment magnitude scale?

Answers

Answer:

It estimates the total energy released from an earthquake. It increases in magnitude as amount of damage increases. ... Which statement describes the moment magnitude scale? It measures only small earthquakes.

Explanation:

Answer:The moment magnitude scale is a scale that rates earthquakes by estimating the total energy released by an earthquake . Estimating the total amount of energy released, enables comparison of earthquakes more accurately.


How is cytokinesis different in plants and animals?

Answers

Answer:

The main difference between plant cell and animal cell cytokinesis is the formation of new cell wall surrounding the daughter cells. Plant cells form a cell plate between the two daughter cells. In animal cells, a cleavage furrow is formed between the two daughter cells.

Explanation:

Have a great day!

Answer:

In plants a cell plate is formed while in animals, it forms a cleavage furrow

Explanation:

2. Observe: Click Play, and then click Pause after the green S-wave hits the station.
A. At what time did the S-wave hit?
B. What is shown on the seismogram at this time?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

b

The answer is b duhhhhg I just need to get my own answer sorry if it’s wrong really don’t care

what virus cycle causes immediate infection

Answers

Answer:

the lysogenic cycle does not result in immediate lysing of the host cell

Please help me...
Will give the brainliest !!!!

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Seems like the only "natural" option. (Something not caused by humans).

Answer:

Hi, im LuisUchihaYT, but ik lost my acc, can u help me out with something like in 1 hour ( im going to ask lots of questions-

The light reaction, in photosynthesis, occurs in:

A) The Stroma
B) The Mitochondria
C) The Grana
D) The Electron Transport Chain

Answers

The light reaction in photosynthesis takes place in C) The Grana.

This instrument has made it possible for scientists to observe certain objects and processes that would otherwise never have been seen with the naked eye or a common magnifying glass, because they are more stable and can be built with greater magnifying power, so that smaller structures can be seen and studied. It is used in a wide range of scientific fields, and has contributed to major discoveries in biology, medicine and materials research. What is the instrument?

Answers

Answer:

The modern field of biomaterials combines medicine, biology, physics, and chemistry, and more recent influences from tissue engineering and materials science.

Explanation:

The answer is microscope.                                                                                                            

                                       

 

 

     

Which of the following is not a property of water? ​

Answers

Answer: It becomes more dense when it freezes.

Explanation: water becomes less dense when it freezes because ice has a cage like structure.

what percentage of american black genes are european

Answers

Answer:

African Americans and Latinos have much lower percentages than European Americans, whose genomes are 99.6% European, 0.19 percent African, and 0.18 percent Native American.

Explanation:

I hope I have helped you :)

Check the statements below that provide evidence for the endosymbiosis theory

Answers

The DNA in the nucleus and mitochondria are the same.

This is not exactly true, although they are similar. This is not a correct option.

The following three are correct options:

Mitochondria and chloroplasts grow independently from the cell.

This is true, and supports the idea that they previously existed as their own organisms.

Prokaryotic cells, mitochondria, and chloroplasts are all the same size.

All three organisms/organelles are roughly the same size, which supports the idea that chloroplasts and mitochondria are descendants or prokaryotes.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes.This is true as  well.

Why are zebra mussels able to spread so quickly in the United States?
a. They are weaker competitors than the local mussels.
b. They grow logistically.
C. They are more zebra mussels than there are resources.
d. There are no natural predators of the zebra mussel in the U.S.​

Answers

The answer that I got is C.

How do scientists identify organisms that may have disease resistance genes?

Answers

Answer:

The use of genetic engineering in developing disease-resistant plants. The techniques of genetic engineering can be used to manipulate the genetic material of a cell in order to produce a new characteristic in an organism.

Quick question: did I do this correctly?

Answers

If it is more salty it means that the water is hypertonic to the hypotonic potato and if the water is less salty then the water is hypotonic to the hypertonic potato

What is CdK?

A. A protein substrate
B. An enzyme

Answers

Answer:

I think it's A) A protein substrate

MEIOSIS QUESTION (MULTIPLE CHOICE)

‼️ASAP!!! BRAINLIEST!!‼️
PLS HELP + EXPLAIN!!! Thx!
(NO LINKS PLEASE)

Answers

[tex] \: \: [/tex]

[tex] \green{ANSWER} [/tex]

b.diploidc. haploid

Explanation:

Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells. The process results in four daughter cells that are haploid, which means they contain half the number of chromosomes of the diploid parent cell.

hope it helps
Diploids are the correct answer because they make 4 daughter cells that are diploids

Yeast is a part of the group

Answers

Well I guess it is then

PLEASE HELP!!
Gastric secretion would include all of these except
A. pepsinogen

D. mucous

E. gastrin

C. CCK

B. HCl

Answers

Answer:

C. CCK

Explanation:

Gastric juice contains pepsinogen, HCl, mucus, rennin, and gastrin hormone.

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is secreted by I-cells of duodenum.

Say my day is good if u like girls and if your single

Answers

Answer:

Have a good and Nice day ahead !!!

Explanation:

Have a great day ahead........

this organ of digestion releases bile needed for fat digestion.

Answers

Answer:

Liver

Explanation:

The liver releases bile

which is the primary advantage to sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

Answers

Answer:

Sexual reproduction is typically advantageous over asexual reproduction because the environment is constantly changing. Sexual reproduction allows new combinations of genes to form. This greater genetic diversity increases the phenotypic variation: that is, it increases the physical variety of the organisms.

Explanation:


a. Do you think sodium carbonate is an acid or a base, and why? (2 points)

Answers

Sodium carbonate is a basic salt because it is a salt derived from a weak acid and strong base.

Which of the following best describes chemical weathering? A process in which ice wears away at rocks over a long period of time O A series of changes that moves rocks from one area to another O Any small-scale event such as rain or fog O A process that changes the composition of rocks, causing them to break down.​ PLEASE HELP ME NOW.

Answers

the erosion or disintegration of rocks, building materials, etc., caused by chemical reactions (chiefly with water and substances dissolved in it) rather than by mechanical processes. HOPE THIS HELPS!! :)

Two identical rectangles and​ squares, R and​ T, are arranged to form a larger square as shown. The area of square R is 1 square​ inch, and the perimeter of each rectangle is 7 inches. What is the perimeter of square​ T? Explain.




R




T




Because the area of square R is 1 square​ inch, its side length is




nothing ​inch(es). So, the shorter side of each rectangle is




nothing ​inch(es). If x represents the length of the longer side of each​ rectangle, the perimeter is









4 x equals 7




2 x plus 2 left parenthesis 1 right parenthesis equals 7




2 x left parenthesis 1 right parenthesis equals 7




x squared plus left parenthesis 1 right parenthesis squared equals 7 squared




and x




nothing. The perimete

Answers

Answer:

7×2÷4 it's the number not letter

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