An example of free operant is a rat in a Skinner box pushing a lever to receive a food reward. The rat is free to choose whether or not to press the lever, and the behavior transversal is reinforced by the food reward.
Free operant is a type of operant conditioning where the learner has the option to make choices in order to receive a reward. The learner is free to choose whether or not to perform the desired behavior, and is reinforced when they do so. An example of free operant is a rat in a Skinner box pushing a lever to receive a food reward. The rat is free to choose whether or not to press the lever, and the behavior is reinforced by the food reward. In free operant, the learner can choose whether to perform the behavior and is not controlled by the environment. It is distinct from other forms of operant conditioning, such as fixed-ratio or interval schedules, where the learner’s behavior is controlled by the environment. Free operant is an important tool in learning and behavior modification, as it allows the learner to choose the behaviors they wish to perform and be rewarded for them.
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What is the formula of MGBR?
The chemical formula of Magnesium Bromine MgBr₂.
As the name says MgBr, we can easily conclude that in this compound there are two elements present.
One of the elements is Magnesium which is denoted by Mg, while the other is Bromine which is denoted by Br.
Magnesium is a metal while bromine is a non-metal, the combination of both elements will be Magnesium bromide which is denoted by MgBr2, which is an ionic compound.
Magnesium bromide is a chemical compound which is formed by the combination of magnesium and bromine.
The chemical formula of Magnesium Bromine MgBr₂.
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What are examples of genetic risk factors?
Risk Genetic a medical condition that affects one or more of your immediate relatives. having a family member who was diagnosed with a disease at a young age (typically before age 55).
What are two instances of genetic influences?The reason one child has blonde hair like their mother and their sibling has brown hair like their father, for instance, is genetic. Additionally, genes influence both the gender of newborns and why some diseases run in families.
What elements are deemed genetic?Genetic factors play a significant role in many diseases. It follows that either all or portion of the risk is inherited from one's parents. One such illness is CADASIL, which is brought on by a mutation in just one gene.
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the sun burns ______ to make _____
A. hydrogen, helium
B. helium, hydrogen
C. propane, butane
D. butane, propane
A car travels with tangential speed V1 around curve of radius and turns to the left; as shown by the rear view of the car in Figure A force diagram of the forces exerted on the car with speed of 5 m/s as it turns is shown in Figure 2. force diagram of the forces exerted on the car with speed as it turns around the same curve of the same radius with the same tangential speed is shown in Figure 3. The speed of the car is most nearly
The speed of the car from the given three figures is most nearly 15 m/s.
How to calculate the speed of the car?For figure 2,
we know the exerted force speed is 5 m/s, so frictional force is
[tex]F_f[/tex] = [tex]\frac{Mv^2}{\gamma}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{M(5)^2}{\gamma}[/tex]
For figure 3,
we know the frictional force is 9. So,
9 [tex]F_f[/tex] = [tex]\frac{Mv^2}{\gamma}[/tex]
Then using two figures we can calculate the speed of the car.
equation figure 3 / equation figure 2
=> 9 = v^2 / (5)^2
=> v^2 = 9*(5^2)
=> v^2 = 225
=> v = 15 m/s
Thus, the speed of the car is 15 m/s.
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was
(image attached)
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the sound intensity levels for a machine shop and a quiet library are 85 db and 40 db, respectively. what is the difference between the intensity of the sound in the machine shop and that in the library?
A point's sound intensity level is expressed in logarithmic units of decibels (dB) as a ratio between the sound there and the threshold of hearing.
A 30 dB sound has what kind of volume?Whispering is audible at 30 dB. 40 dB: Quiet sounds from the library. Fridge at 50 dB. Electric toothbrush at 60 decibels.
What decibel sound has a 95-decibel intensity?In decibels, sound is measured (dB). A motorcycle engine running is around 95 dB louder than a whisper (30 dB louder than typical conversation). Long-term exposure to noise levels above 70 dB may cause hearing impairment. Your ears may get immediately harmed by loud noises over 120 dB.
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What is a maximum load weight?
Maximum load weight is the amount of permissiable load that can be carried by a vehicle in a particular country region.
Maximum load in a region is decided by the authority of that particular area. It can be calculated by subtract the curb weight from the GVWR . For example, if we have a truck with a GVWR of 9,000 pounds and a curb weight of 6,000 pounds, the load limit will be 3,000 pounds: GVWR – curb weight = load limit
Or we can say that the maximum allowable force that can be applied to a stage in a specified direction while meeting stage specifications is known as the maximum load weight.
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What does an inclined plane increase and decrease?
The normal force decreases as the angle of the incline increases, which reduces the frictional force.
By using the normal force of the plane to offset the gravitational force, inclined planes also enable the safe vertical descent of heavy, fragile objects, including people. Moving an object uphill requires force because an inclined plane increases the force that the user applies. An inclined plane is a straightforward device that consists of a sloping surface connecting two elevations. It is employed to transport objects more conveniently to higher elevations.
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a 20 kilogram ball rolls down a ramp and accelerates at a rate of 12 m/s per second. what is the net force acting on the ball?
The net force acting on the ball is 240 Newtons.
We know that force applied at a particular instant is equal to the mass of the particle (or object ) times the acceleration of the particle at that particular instant.
Also, force is defined as the rate of change of momentum of a particle at that instant.
But in this problem we have to use force on the particle at the instant is equal to the mass of the particle times the acceleration of the particle at that instant.
So, we have been given the mass of the particle as 20 kg and the acceleration of the particle as 12 m/s² .
So-net force on particle = 20*12 =240 Newtons.
Hence, the net force on the ball is equal to 240 Newtons.
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Executive agreements differ from formal treaties in that they 1) have been ruled unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court. 2) must be approved by the U.S. Supreme Court but not by Congress. 3) do not have to be approved by the Senate 4) do not have to be approved by the House. generally formulated at 5) meetings of the United Nations. are Question 12 (1 point) The President can influence the legislative process through 1) communicating with the American public 2) leading his/her political party. 3) reporting on the State of the Union. 4) all of the above.
Executive agreements differ from formal treaties in that they 1) have been ruled unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court. meetings of the United Nations. Option 5
The president can influence the public through : all of the above. Option 4
What is known as executive agreement?A treaty is ratified by the legislature, whereas executive agreements are ratified by the heads of government of two or more nations. To differentiate them from agreements that are legally enforceable, such as treaties, executive agreements are seen as having political force.
Presidents have routinely negotiated international accords on behalf of the United States without the Senate's advise or assent in recent decades. We refer to these as "executive agreements." Executive agreements are still enforceable in accordance with international law even when they are not submitted to the Senate for approval.
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What is the frequency of A photon that has A wavelength of 300 nm?
wavelength of the photon is 300 nm
using ν= c/λ,
where c ⇒ speed of light =3x10⁸ m/s
λ⇒wavelength of light = 300 nm
frequency⇒ν=(3x10⁸)/(300X10⁻⁹)
so, ν= 10¹⁵ s⁻¹ is the frequency of photon of wavelength 300 nm.
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a weight lifter lifts a 280-n set of weights from ground level to a position over his head, a vertical distance of 1.65 m. how much work does the weight lifter do, assuming he moves the weights at constant speed?
If the weight lifter moves the weights at a steady speed, the amount of work he performs is W = 462 J.
Briefly :-an object's work is equal to the product of the force it is subjected to and the distance it travels.
W = Work Done, where W = F d
Force: F
Displacement equals d
The factors in this situation are as follows:
F = 280 N for the sets, and d = 1.65 m for the vertical distance traveled.
W = (300 N)(2.15 m)
W = 462 J.
Assuming the weight lifter moves the weights at a constant speed, the work he performs is W = 462 J.
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Let's Examine the Three Laws of Motion
Directions: Read each example below and identify which law of motion it is
following.
1. If you blow up a balloon, and then release it. the balloon will fly away.
2. When two balls collide, two balls on the opposite end will also move.
3. Two teams are playing tug-a-war and team A wins because of unbalanced forces.
4. A skateboarder will remain in motion while going down a hill until it is stopped by an outside
force.__
5. In a catapult, it is easier to launch a stone weighing 60 kg than it is to launch a stone weighing
600 kg..
6. A dog asleep will remain sleeping until it is woken up..
Answer:
1.Newton's third law
2.Newton's third law
3.Newton's second law
4.Newton's first law
5.Newton's second law
6.Haha I don't know about this but by inference it is Newton's first law.
Explanation:
Explain the characteristics of galaxies and galaxy
clusters.
Answer:
Some of the key characteristics of galaxies and galaxy clusters include their size, shape, and structure. Galaxies and galaxy clusters are also distinguished by the presence of dark matter, a mysterious substance that is thought to make up most of the mass in the universe. Additionally, galaxies and galaxy clusters are important sites for the formation and evolution of stars and other celestial objects.
Explanation:
Galaxies are vast collections of stars, gas, and dust that are held together by gravity. They come in a variety of shapes and sizes, ranging from small, irregular galaxies to large spiral galaxies with well-defined arms. Galaxies also contain a central region known as the nucleus, which may be home to a supermassive black hole.
Galaxy clusters are groups of galaxies that are held together by gravity. They are the largest structures in the universe, and they can contain hundreds or even thousands of individual galaxies. Galaxy clusters are typically separated by vast distances, and they are bound together by the mutual gravitational attraction of their constituent galaxies.
What is the inverse relationship between size of the wavelength frequency and energy?
Greater energy is correlated with shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies. Therefore, lower energy is produced by longer wavelengths and lower frequencies. E = hv is the energy equation.
What connection is there between energy, wavelength, and frequency?The frequency & energy (E) of a wavelength drop as it grows in size. You may conclude from these equations that the wavelength shortens with increasing frequency. The wavelength lengthens with decreasing frequency. Mechanical and electromagnetic waves are the two main categories of waves.
How do wavelength and frequency relate to one another?Wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional to one another. The wavelength of a wave that has a high frequency is also its shortest. Half the wavelength corresponds to frequency multiples of two. The wavelength ratio is hence the polar opposite of the frequency ratio.
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At which position is the northern hemisphere experiencing spring? point a
The vernal or spring equinox occurs in the northern hemisphere on March 21 or 22.
you have a choice to drill your water well into a shallow, unconfined aquifer or a deep, confined aquifer. drilling deeper will cost more money; however, you chose to drill into the confined aquifer. why?
The limited aquifer's water quality will probably be better.
What sets confined aquifers apart from unconfined aquifers?Unconfined aquifers are those where the ground's rock is directly exposed at the surface and groundwater is continuously refilled, for instance by precipitation or snowmelt. Thick deposits that surround an aquifer and keep it enclosed from the Earth's surface or other rocks are known as confined aquifers.
Which aquifer—confined or unconfined—produces less water?Because there is less drawdown over a smaller area with an unconfined aquifer than with a confined aquifer for the same rate of water withdrawal, unconfined aquifers are often preferred to confined aquifers from a hydraulic standpoint.
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suppose that a huge tank 50m high and filled with water is open to the atmosphere and is hit with a bullet that pierces one side of the tank, allowing water to flow out. the hole is 5m above the ground. if the hole is very small in comparison with the size of the tank, how quickly will the water flow out of the tank?
The the velocity which the water flow out of the tank is 29.698 m/s
What is Bernoulli's principle?
It gives the relationship between pressure, kinetic energy, and gravitational potential energy of a fluid in a container .
P₁ + 1/2ρv₁² + ρgh₁ = P₂ + 1/2ρv₂² + ρgh₂
Since it is a open tank,
P₁ = P₂ = P₀ , atmoshperic pressure
h₁ = 50m
h₂ = 5m
v₁ = 0
Applying Bernoulli's principle
P₁ + 1/2ρv₁² + ρgh₁ = P₂ + 1/2ρv₂² + ρgh₂
P₀ + 0 + ρgh₁ = P₀ + 1/2ρv₂² + ρgh₂
ρgh₁ = 1/2ρv₂² + ρgh₂
v₂ = √(2g(h₁-h₂))
= √(2×9.8(50-5))
= 29.698 m/s
Therefore the velocity which the water flow out of the tank is 29.698 m/s
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Create a acrostic poem using the word "transformation" that summarizes what you've learned about kinetic and potential energy.
Because the electrons travel more quickly under pressure and have more kinetic energy, they eventually leap into a broader orbit. The energy that was previously held in every electron will transform into potential energy.
What is the transformation between kinetic energy and potential energy?You see, when pressure is applied, the electrons' kinetic energy rises, making them travel more quickly and ultimately leading them to jump into a larger orbit. Every electron will then have energy that has been stored in it, which will become its potential energy.A: When an item is not moving, it possesses potential energy, or stored energy. Potential energy transforms into kinetic energy if a force is applied or it starts to move (energy of motion).Mechanical energy is the total of kinetic and potential energy. Kinetic energy, or kinetic energy from motion, and/or stored positional energy can both contribute to an object's mechanical energy (i.e., potential energy).Learn more about kinetic energy and potential energy refer to :
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IIf the Sun were twice as massive
its pull on the Earth would double.
the pull of the Earth on the Sun would double.
Its pull on the Earth would double; and the pull of the Earth on lhe Sun would double.
none of the other choices arc correct.
Option C; If the Sun were twice as massive the pull of the Earth on the Sun would double.
A hot, incandescent ball of hydrogen and helium at the center of our solar system, our Sun is a 4.5 billion year old star. Despite the Sun's distance from Earth, which is around 93 million miles (150 million kilometers), life as we know it would not be possible on our planet without the Sun's radiation.
To fill the volume of the Sun, 1.3 million Earths would be required. The solar system is held together by its gravity, which keeps everything in orbit around it, from the largest planets to the smallest pieces of junk. The Sun's core, which reaches temperatures of more than 27 million degrees Fahrenheit, is its hottest region (15 million degrees Celsius).
Option C; If the Sun were twice as massive the pull of the Earth on the Sun would double.
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A 45 kg mass is dragged 50 m over a surface. If 1.0 kW of power is produced over 10 seconds,
what is the coefficient of friction for the surface?
Answer:
Approximately [tex]0.45[/tex] (assuming that the surface is level, the mass is moving at constant velocity, and that [tex]g = 9.81\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-2}}[/tex].)
Explanation:
With a power of [tex]P = 1.0\; {\rm kW} = 1.0\times 10^{3} \; {\rm W}[/tex], the work that would be done over [tex]t = 10\; {\rm s}[/tex] would be:
[tex]\begin{aligned}(\text{work}) &= (\text{power})\, (\text{time}) \\ &= (1.0\times 10^{3}\; {\rm W})\, (10\; {\rm s}) \\ &= 1.0 \times 10^{4}\; {\rm J}\end{aligned}[/tex].
Divide work by distance to find the force that did the work:
[tex]\begin{aligned} (\text{force}) &= \frac{(\text{work})}{(\text{distance})} \\ &= \frac{1.0\times 10^{4}\; {\rm J}}{50\; {\rm m}} \\ &= 200\; {\rm N}\end{aligned}[/tex].
If this mass is moving at a constant velocity, the magnitude of friction on this mass will be equal to that of the external force, [tex]200\; {\rm N}[/tex].
If the surface is level, the magnitude of the normal force on this mass will be equal to that of weight:
[tex]\begin{aligned}(\text{weight}) &= (\text{mass})\, g \\ &= (45\; {\rm kg})\, (9.81\; {\rm N\cdot kg^{-2}}) \\ &\approx 4.41 \times 10^{3}\; {\rm N}\end{aligned}[/tex].
Divide the magnitude of friction by normal force to find the coefficient of friction:
[tex]\begin{aligned}& (\text{coefficient of friction}) \\ =\; & \frac{(\text{friction})}{(\text{normal force})} \\ \approx\; & \frac{200\; {\rm N}}{(45\; {\rm kg})\, (9.81\; {\rm N\cdot kg^{-1}}))} \\ \approx \; & 0.45\end{aligned}[/tex].
CONVERT A COAL PRICE OF $90/TON TO $/MMBTU, ASSUMING A HEAT CONTENT OF 7,000 BTU PER POUND
A: $3.00/MMBtu
B: $34.50/MMBtu
C; $2.80/MMBtu
D: $6.42/MMBtu
E: $3.46/MMBtu
The coal price of $90/ton with a heat content of 7000 BTU per pound is D: $6.42/MMBtu.
The formula to calculat mmbtu from tons is as follows -
Price per mmbtu = price per ton × 500/ BTU per pound
Keep the values in formula to find the price per mmbtu
Price per mmbtu = (90×500)/7000
Performing multiplication in numerator on Right Hand Side of the equation
Price per mmbtu = 45000/7000
Performing division on Right Hand Side of the equation to find the price per mmbtu for coal
Price per mmbtu = $6.42/mmbtu
Thus, the correct option is D: $6.42/MMBtu.
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What it means gains momentum ?
Answer:
to move faster
Explanation:
momentum, product of the mass of a particle and its velocityit has both magnitude and direction. Isaac Newton's second law of motion states that the time rate of change of momentum is equal to the force acting on the particle. See Newton's laws of motion.
Answer:
gaining speed
Explanation:
what must you do to keep it in focus? what must you do to keep it in focus? increase the f -stop value. move the lens away from the sensor or film. decrease the f -stop value. move the lens closer to the sensor or film. none of the above.
C) Move the lens closer to the sensor or the film . Option (c) is the right answer.
Assume that we are trying to take a picture or photograph of a moving object
as we know, the f-stop value tells us about the color of the image. That means it actually depicts that how dark is the image. would be. in simple words, it determines the amount of light that will be able to enter to the eye. Therefore, option a,b are incorrect.
Now the focus length of the camera is always fixed. Now let our object is moving away from the lens, then to keep it in focus, the camera must be moved closer to the object. This step is essential to keep focal length constant.
Hence, the correct option is (c).
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How do you find the missing angles when a transversal cuts through parallel lines?
To find the missing angles when a transversal cuts through parallel lines, use the properties of parallel lines and the corresponding angles formed when they are cut by a transversal. The angles will always add up to 180°.
To find the missing angles when a transversal cuts through parallel lines, you can use the properties of parallel lines and the corresponding angles formed when they are cut by a transversal. When a transversal cuts through two parallel lines, corresponding angles are equal, alternate angles are equal and consecutive angles are supplementary, meaning they add up to 180°. You can use these properties to calculate the missing angles. For example, if you know one angle and its corresponding angle are equal, you can use that information to calculate the other missing angles. You can also use the fact that alternate angles are equal and consecutive angles are supplementary to calculate the missing angles. Once you have all the angles, you can verify your answer by making sure that all of the angles add up to 180°.
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a conducting rod is free to slide along a pair of conducting rails, in a region where a uniform and constant (in time) magnetic field is directed into the plane of the paper, as the drawing illustrates. initially the rod is at rest. there is no friction between the rails and the rod. what to the rod after the switch is closed? if any induced emf develops, be sure to account for its effect. ignore air resistance.
the rod reaches a steady speed, it accelerates to the right.continues to move.
What is the straightforward meaning of velocity?A displacement how an object or particle experiences with regard to time is expressed vectorially as velocity.One meter / second (m/s) is the accepted unit of flow speed (also known as speed).
How do velocity and speed differ?Velocity is the pace and direction of the an object's movement, whereas speed is the timekeeping that an object is travelling along a path.In other words, velocity is a vector, whereas speed is indeed a scalar value.
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compared to the speed of the heavier block, what is the speed of the light block after both blocks move the same distance d ?
Compared to the speed of the heavier block, the speed of the light block travel is twice as fast.
Distance is an object's overall movement in a directionless fashion. Regardless of the starting or ending point.
Length can be defined as the quantity of space an object has covered.
We may find out an object's actual size by knowing how far away it is. The area an object covers in space above us can be measured. Once we understand how far away it is, we can calculate its true size. An thing appears smaller the further away it is.
The algebraic phrase known as the distance formula, which provides the distances between two places in terms of its coordinates. The distance formula for points in rectangular coordinates in two- and four Euclidean space are based on the Pythagorean theorem.
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what energy technologies depend on solar radiation as the originating source? select all that apply.
Solar energy is harnessed using three basic technologies: photovoltaics (PV), which directly converts light to electricity; solar thermal energy; and solar thermal energy.
Concentrating solar power (CSP), which uses solar thermal energy to power utility-scale electric turbines; and solar heating and cooling (SHC) systems The photovoltaic effect, or photovoltaics, is the method of directly generating energy from solar radiation. Photovoltaics is probably the most well-known method of harnessing solar energy today. Photovoltaics (PV) and concentrated solar-thermal power are the two main forms of solar energy technology (CSP). the first commercially feasible perovskite solar cells, which can be produced at room temperature and use less energy than silicon-based solar cells.
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a potato falling vertically downward is struck by a dart that is traveling vertically upward, as shown above. the dart and potato then collide, stick together, and continue moving after the collision. question consider the dart-potato system. which of the following graphs best represents the speed v of the center-of-mass of the dart-potato system, as a function of time t, before, during, and after the collision?
The graph representing a line with constant slope increasing represents the relation between speed and time of the dart-potato system.
Increasing slope represents that the slope is positive and as the quantity on x- axis increases, the quantity on y-axis also increases.
Momentum is said to be conserved before and after collision in a two-object system. Here, the two objects are said to be dart and potato. The potato and dart after collision are said to move by sticking together after the collision.
The potato-dart system is said to be moving with increasing velocity after the collision. The speed of the potato-dart system is given as v.
The question is incomplete. The speed v of the centre of mass of the dart-potato system, as a function of time t, before, during, and after the collision is represented by the graph attached below.
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What evidence supports the theory of ocean floor?
There is a sizable mountain range slicing through the ocean floor. Far from the ridges, deep pits can be found. Deeply below sea level, guyots have eroded tops.
What are the three signs of a spreading seafloor?The evidence is gathered. These conclusions are: There is a sizable mountain range slicing through the ocean floor. Far from the ridges, deep pits can be found. Deeply below sea level, guyots have eroded tops.
What proof is there that the ocean floor is expanding?Earthquake studies. Seismic investigations that show earthquakes happen along a mid oceanic ridge's rift valley and the cross-cutting fractures that offset it provide additional evidence for the spreading of the sea floor.
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projectile a is launched horizontally at a speed of 20 meters per second from the top of a cliff and strikes a level surface below, 3 seconds later. projectile b is launched horizontally from the same location at a speed of 30 meters per second. approximately how high is the cliff?
Answer:
the answers are 3 seconds and 44.1 m
Answer:
44M
Explanation: