The product of each stage of photosynthesis are ATP and NADPH; the light reaction to produce glucose in the Calvin Style through 3 main steps that are carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration.
INTERPRETATION
In the Calvin cycle, carbon atoms of CO2 are fixed (assembled into organic molecules) and used to make three-carbon sugars. This process is fueled by, and depends on, the ATP and NADPH from the light reactions. In contrast to the light reactions that occur in the thylakoid membranes, the reactions of the Calvin cycle occur in the stroma (the space within the chloroplast).
Three turns of the Calvin cycle are required to make one G3P molecule that can leave the cycle and go on to make glucose. Let's summarize the number of key molecules that enter and exit the Calvin cycle as the G3P network is created. In three cycles of the Calvin cycle:
Carbon. 3 CO2 combine with 3 RuBP acceptors, yielding 6 molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P).1 G3P molecule leaves the cycle and goes to produce glucose.5 G3P molecules are recycled, regenerating the acceptor molecule RuBP.ATPs. 9 ATP are converted to 9 ADP (6 during fixation step, 3 during regeneration step).NADPH. 6 NADPH is converted to 6 NADP+ (during the reduction step).The G3P molecule contains three fixed carbon atoms, so two G3P are required to build a six-carbon glucose molecule. It takes six turns of the cycle, or 6 CO2, 18 ATP, and 12 NADPH, to make one glucose molecule.
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when a leopard captured and ate a juvenile paranthropus robustus, its lower canine teeth punctured the back of the individual's skull. where did the upper canine teeth bite down?
When a leopard captured and ate a juvenile paranthropus robustus, its lower canine teeth punctured the back of the individual's skull, the upper canine teeth bite down into its eyes.
The leopard is one amongst the 5 living species within the mammal genus, a member of the cat family, Felidae. It happens in an exceedingly big selection in geographic region, in some elements of Western and Central Asia, Southern Russia, and on the Indian landmass to Southeast and East Asia.
Canines are the four long and pointed teeth on either aspect of a leopard's mouth. These are concerning two inches (5 centimeters) long. Canine teeth are used in the main for biting and piercing. sharp teeth are the teeth situated on the perimeters of its jaws.
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what are the structural similarities of the organ system for these two species of digestive system between perca flavescens and homosapiens
Like a human and an earthworm, the fish's digestive tract begins at the mouth. Similar to humans, fish ingest their food and then when it passes through their throat.
As food travels down the esophagus, it enters the gizzard, where it is further digested.
The human body's digestive system consists of a collection of organs that operate in concert to transform food into energy. The gastrointestinal tract, along with auxiliary organs including the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder, make up the digestive system anatomically.
The mouth, stomach, esophagus, small intestine, and large intestine, which houses the rectum and anus, are among the hollow organs that make up the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract).
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which response would likely not be observed in a person injected with epinephrine? group of answer choices increased response of heart muscles activation of g proteins increased glucose mobilization faster heart rate sudden feeling of fatigue
Activation of g proteins (b) is a response would likely not be observed in a person injected with epinephrine.
Epinephrine, which is released into the circulation in response to strong emotions like fear or anger, speeds up the heartbeat, muscles' ability to contract, blood pressure, and sugar metabolism. The body is prepared for rigorous exercise through this reaction, sometimes referred to as the "Flight or Fight Response."
In addition to the hormone's binding to membrane-bound beta-receptors, epinephrine also increases muscle twitching by activating the second messenger, cAMP. Following that, cyclic AMP serves to enhance glucose metabolism, modify sodium/potassium exchange, phosphorylate myosin isozymes, and/or modify intracellular calcium exchange.
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Step 3: Create a drawing to demonstrate each step in the Cell Division Mitosis Cycle.
***Helpful Information:
- Begin with the Interphase
- Your pairs of chromosomes are homozygous. Each chromosome will have an identical pair when they duplicate (red pairs with red ... white pairs with white).
- This is MITOSIS - The daughter cells will have the identical number and color chromosomes as the diploid cell.
You will begin with 3 chromosomes (2 red & 1 white bean)
During the mitotic phase, a cell duplicates its chromosomes, segregates them, and produces two identical nuclei to get ready for cell division.
What is meant by mitosis process ?During the mitotic phase, a cell duplicates its chromosomes, segregates them, and produces two identical nuclei to get ready for cell division. After mitosis, the cell's contents are frequently evenly split into two daughter cells with the same genome.
When a parent cell divides to create two identical daughter cells, the process of nuclear division known as mitosis takes place in eukaryotic cells. Mitosis refers particularly to the division of the duplicated genetic material contained in the nucleus during cell division. Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase are the five stages that make up mitosis. There is no cell growth while mitosis is occurring; instead, all cellular energy is directed toward cell division.
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a hormone is released by diffusion, travels through the blood bound to carrier proteins, and binds to cytosolic receptors. this hormone must be .
A hormone is released by diffusion, travels through the blood bound to carrier proteins, and binds to cytosolic receptors a steroid hormone.
What is the function of hormone?Estrogen, the body's chemical messengers, connect with organs and the circulatory. Hormones have an impact on a number of bodily processes, including birth, mood, sexual function, metabolism (the mechanism within which your body turns food into energy), learning & success, and metabolism.
How do hormones function?Hormone-producing endocrine glands release their substances straight into the bloodstream. You should think of hormonal as chemical messengers. The proteins enter the stream and travel to the neurons, where proteins interact with only a few cells to change or impact them in a specific way.
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According to the ______ species concept, a species is a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring. The seperation between species is maintained by ___________ isolation, which prevents gene flow between species. But in some cases, distinct species can occasionally interbreed producing _______ offspring.
A species, according to the idea of biological species, is a collection of populations whose individuals can interbreed in nature & produce viable, fertile children. Reproductive isolation, which restricts gene transfer between species, maintains species separation. However, separate species can occasionally interbreed, resulting in Hybrid offspring.
The biological species idea. Mayr (1942), a biologist, was the first to describe species as "groupings of actually or theoretically interbreeding wild communities that are reproductively segregated from other similar groups" in the 19th century.
The process through which new species develop is known as speciation. When an ancestor species separates into two or even more descendant forms that are genetically different from each other and cannot interbreed, this is referred to as speciation.
The biological species concept (BSC) was created to help people comprehend biological variety, especially the commonly observed fact that sexually reproduced organisms live in more or less discrete morphological and genetic clusters instead of a continuum of forms.
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which of the following is a primary role for vitamin k in the body? a. muscle contraction b. enzyme action c. nerve transmission d. blood clotting
Answer:
d. blood clotting
Explanation:
The primary role of vitamin K in the body is blood clotting. Vitamin K is essential for the proper function of certain proteins involved in the blood clotting process. Deficiencies of vitamin K can lead to abnormal bleeding and increased risk of bleeding disorders.
after blood enters the kidneys name the two paths the fluid takes
Answer:
After blood enters the kidneys the fluid enters the urinary bladder through and then urethra.
postpartum breast engorgement occurs 48 to 72 hours after giving birth. what physiologic change influences breast engorgement?
Postpartum breast engorgement occurs 48 to 72 hours after giving birth, The physiologic change that influences breast engorgement is the increase in blood and lymph supply to the breasts.
Engorgement is the swelling of the breast tissue triggered by a rise in blood and lymph supply to generate milk for the newborn. Estrogen and progesterone levels fall, allowing prolactin to induce the glands to secrete milk. Their levels are restored numerous weeks or months later, depending entirely on the mother's lactation status. Colostrum is a lemon-colored viscous liquid naturally produced by both breasts immediately after birth, and it gradually transitions to transitional milk and, by 2 weeks, mature milk. Colostrum development reduces within days after childbirth as transitional and mature milk, thus not making a contribution to breast engorgement.
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Complete question :
Postpartum breast engorgement occurs 48 to 72 hours after giving birth. What physiologic change influences breast engorgement?
An increase in blood and lymph supply to the breasts
An increase in estrogen and progesterone levels
Colostrum production increases dramatically.
Fluid retention in the breasts due to the intravenous fluids given during labor
which of the following statements is true of essential trace minerals in general? a. they can be found in a wide variety of foods. b. they function independently in the body. c. they are
It is True that essential trace minerals a. they can be found in a wide variety of foods. For some essential trace elements, the gap between toxic intakes and optimal intakes to meet physiological needs is significant, but for others, it is much smaller.
Minerals known as trace elements or trace metals are found in trace amounts in living tissues. Although the evidence is only suggestive or incomplete, some of them are known to be nutritionally essential, others may be essential, and the remaining are regarded as non-essential. If consumed in sufficient quantities over an extended period of time, all trace elements are toxic. Iodine and fluorine are two examples. A wide variety of foods, including meat, fish, cereals, milk and dairy products, vegetables, and nuts, contain trace elements in trace amounts.
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Is my writing correct
Answer:
Looks good. For Question 11. You can gramarly it so it your writing can sound better helps me I hope you get a good grade!!
Explanation:
During splicing, which molecular component of the spliceosome catalyzes the excision reaction?
A. DNA
B. RNA
C. Protein
D. Lipid
E. Carbohydrate
The elimination reaction is triggered by the RNA molecule component of a spliceosome during splicing.
What is RNA and why is it important?Most biological cells contain ribonucleic acid (RNA), a crucial biological macromolecule. It plays a major role in the production of proteins by acting as a messenger to DNA, which in turn carries the genetic instructions necessary for the growth and maintenance of life.
What is difference between RNA and DNA?The double molecule with a lengthy chain of nucleotides is called DNA. The single-stranded molecule called RNA has a shorter nucleotide chain than other molecules. DNA is self-replicating; it reproduces itself. RNA cannot duplicate itself.
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explain why soils located near clear-cut forests might differ from soils located near intact forests
The soils close to clear-cut woods may be different from the soils close to intact forests because Clear-cutting increases the likelihood that carbon stored in forest soils will return to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide and contribute.
What is meant by soils?Soil, a loose surface substance, covers most of the ground. Both organic and inorganic components make up its composition. Soil not only provides agricultural plants with water and nutrients, but also the structural support they require to develop. Soils have a wide range of chemical and physical features. Sand, silt, and clay are the three main types of soil that may be distinguished based on their textures. Depending on how much of each of these elements is present, there are more complex types of soil, including loamy sand, sandy clay, silty clay, etc.
How soil is formed?They are created from rocks (the parent material) by weathering and erosive forces of nature. Parent material is broken down by water, wind, gravity, temperature change, chemical reactions, living things, and pressure variations.
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How might agricultural ecosystems be affected by an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide?
The majority of plant species exhibit faster rates of photosynthesis, increased growth, decreased water usage, and decreased tissue concentrations of nitrogen and protein when exposed to rising CO₂.
What are agricultural ecosystems?Agriculture productivity and food quality are projected to be impacted by rising CO₂ throughout the coming century.
The process of cellular respiration, which produces energy in cells, depends on oxygen, making it a crucial element for growth.
Therefore, plant species exhibit faster rates of photosynthesis, increased growth, decreased water usage, and decreased tissue.
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During a class practical form four students came across a plant whose flower floral parts were in multiples of four and fives.To which sub-division and class dass the plant belong?
Organs in eudicots are typically grouped in multiples of four or five.
What are eudicots?Eudicots, also known as dicots, are named after their two cotyledons. Cotyledons are the first fleshy leaves that grew around the embryo.
The eudicots, Eudicotidae, or eudicotyledons are a clade of flowering plants distinguished by the presence of two seed leaves upon germination. Dicotyledons is the source of the term.
Eudicot organs are typically organized in groups of four or five.
Thus, as the given plant have flower floral parts in multiples of four and fives, it can be considered in dicot category.
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the right subclavian artery is a: question 33 options: a. visceral branch of the aorta b. parietal branch of the aorta c. not a branch of the aorta d. terminal branch of the aorta
The right subclavian artery is a parietal branch of the aorta that supplies oxygenated blood to the right arm and shoulder. It is not a terminal branch of the aorta, as the aorta continues down the body, branching off into several other arteries.
The right subclavian artery is a parietal branch of the aorta. The aorta is the largest artery in the body and is divided into four sections. The parietal branches are the two arteries that come off the aorta and supply blood to the chest wall and the upper extremities. The right subclavian artery is one of the parietal branches of the aorta and its main function is to provide oxygenated blood to the right arm and shoulder.
The right subclavian artery originates from the right side of the aortic arch, just above the right clavicle. It then runs along the underside of the right clavicle before it divides into two branches, the axillary artery and the brachial artery. The axillary artery supplies oxygenated blood to the shoulder, while the brachial artery supplies oxygenated blood to the arm.
The right subclavian artery is not a terminal branch of the aorta, as it is not the last branch off the aorta. The aorta continues down the body, branching off into several other arteries, including the iliac artery, which branches off the aorta at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebrae.
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which innate and adaptive immune cells, respectively, were most helpful in protecting the chinese patients from influenza mortality?
Natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells are the cells that are most helpful in protecting the chinese patients from influenza mortality.
Neutrophils are phagocytic cells having a distinct role outside of preventing viral infections.Although B cells will eventually create antiviral antibodies, they are not the best cells for fending off viral infections.Dendritic cells are crucial for T cell activation, but cytotoxic T cells, not helper T cells, are the ones that fight viral infections.Both mast cells and eosinophils are innate immune cells.Both innate and adaptive cells—natural killer and cytotoxic T cells—play a critical role in eliminating virus-infected cells.To know more about Natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells refer here:
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Blue flying fish live in the upper layers of the ocean. Blue flying fish have enlarged pectoral fins that enable them to glide for 4C
meters above the ocean surface and appear to fly.
Which statement best describes how natural selection led to enlarged pectoral fins in blue flying fish?
Oish changed their DNA to express enlarged pectoral fins, changing the allele frequency of the population
Fish were able to live both on land and in the water as a result of their larger pectoral fins
Fish with enlarged pectoral fins were able to glide out of the ocean to escape predators, increasing their fitness
O Fish were able to glide out of the ocean and into other bodies of water to mate with other species
Question 10
Fish with larger pectoral fins were more fit because they could glide out of the water to avoid predators.
what are pectoral fins?In close proximity to the gills, pectoral fins are seen on each side of the fish. In addition to doing everything pelvic fins do, these fins also aid in steering and depth control. Trout have horizontally attached pelvis and pectoral fins that are widely spaced apart on their bodies.
Where are flying fish typically found?Off the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the United States, flying fish are tropical and temperate sea animals. The Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Indian oceans all contain them. The majority of flying fish reside in open oceans, although some can inhabit the edges of coral reefs.
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what are some of the phenotypic differences between teosinte and corn that dr. beadle researched the genes for?
The differences between teosinte and maize are thought to be the result of just 4 or 5 genes, according to George Beadle's breeding experiments.
It's regulatory genes (genes that regulate the activity of hundreds of other genes by turning them on or off). This implies that rather than only altering one or two items, they would bring about significant alterations.
This is what leads to the stark variation in phenotype that results from a minor alteration in genotype. Dr. Beadle's research focuses on minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery, infertility, tubal reversal surgery, endometriosis therapy, and urine incontinence management.
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individual nucleic acids are linked together in the dna backbone by phosphodiester linkages between nitrogenous bases. true or false
It is True that individual nucleic acids are linked together in the DNA backbone by phosphodiester linkages between nitrogenous bases.
A nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar (ribose in the case of RNA and deoxyribose in the case of DNA). Purines (Adenine and Guanine) and Pyrimidines (Cytosine and Thymine) are the two kinds of nitrogenous bases. A nucleoside is formed when a nitrogenous base and the pentose sugar are linked by an N-glycosidic link. A corresponding nucleotide is produced when a phosphate group is linked to 5 -OH of a nucleoside via a phosphodiester linkage. A dinucleotide is made up of nucleotides connected by 3-5 phosphodiester links.
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The medication ______ is prescribed to prevent or relieve the pain of angina by dilating the blood vessels to the heart.
Nitroglycerin (NTG) is used for the treatment and prevention of angina pectoris, acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and hypertension. Mononitrate of isosorbide
For angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction, nitroglycerin continues to be the first line of treatment. By producing nitric oxide, which induces vasodilation and boosts blood flow to the myocardium, nitroglycerin benefits the body. The most popular one is nitroglycerin, which reduces pain by enlarging blood vessels. This increases blood flow to the cardiac muscle and lessens the strain on the heart. To prevent angina, nitroglycerin can be taken daily in a long-acting version. Arrhythmia medications that are frequently prescribed include amiodarone, flecainide, and sotalol (a beta blocker as well). They can stop an arrhythmia and are typically administered to stop the irregular rhythm from happening or lessen its frequency.
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what are usually the primary producers in an ocean grazing food web? what are usually the primary producers in an ocean grazing food web? fungi plants phytoplankton animals
Primary producers are photosynthetic organisms (plants and/or phytoplankton) that make up the base of the food chain in many ecosystems. Herbivores are the principal consumers—the critters that eat the primary producers.
The base of the aquatic food web is composed of primary producers, which include bacteria, phytoplankton, and algae. Primary producers don't require food because they can create their own energy. Microorganisms called phytoplankton, which includes protists like algae & diatoms, are the ocean's main producers. Planktonic organisms, such as protists and tiny animals, make up the bulk of marine consumers. Bacterial species do the majority of the decomposition, allowing nutrients to return to producers.Primary producers are photosynthetic organisms (plants and/or phytoplankton) that make up the base of the food chain in many ecosystems. Herbivores are the principal consumers—the critters that eat the primary producers. In a terrestrial environment, organic matter is home to primary producers. They exist and develop where there are resources to support them since they are immobile. Green plants, fungi, moss, bacteria, & algae are the main producers.
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Which of the the following energyie ource produce the leat harmful envirmental effect
Geothermal energy is one of the least harmful to the environment
What is geothermal energy?
The thermal energy produced and kept in the Earth's crust is known as geothermal energy. The ongoing nuclear fusion process keeps the Earth's core at a temperature that is roughly consistent with that of the Sun. Some rocks melt under the intense heat and pressure, which causes the mantle to rise (as they become lighter with the heat). These molten rocks that were created in the crust of the Earth are propelled upward where they become trapped in certain areas known as "hot spots." Steam is produced when the hot point makes contact with subterranean water. This hot water-formed area occasionally has surface outlets. Hot springs are where this hot water bursts from these sources.
According to the question:
Geothermal energy is a clean form of energy, making it one of the least damaging to the environment. It can be utilized in an emergency and won't run out of water because it consumes water continuously.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. _________, account for ________ of all known animal species.A. Vertebrates, animals without a backbone; 95%B. Invertebrates, animals with a backbone; 95%C. Invertebrates, animals without a backbone; 95%D. Invertebrates, animals without a backbone; 99%E. Vertebrates, animals with a backbone; 95%
Answer:
C. Invertebrates, animals without a backbone, 95%
Explanation:
Invertebrates, which are animals without backbones, account for around 95 to 97% of all animals. Vertebrates, animals with a backbone, only account for around 3 to 5%.
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Which of these combinations of values would help you determine if your patient was suffering from metabolic acidosis?Increased PC02 levels in the blood and decreased pHDecreased blood HCO3- levels and decreased pHDecreased PC02 levels in the blood and increased pH levelsIncreased blood HCO3- levels and decreased pH
Reduced blood pH and blood HCO3- levels are mentioned in the statement.
What does your body's metabolic process do?The process through which the body converts food and liquids into energy is termed metabolism. To create the power the body requires, calories from food and beverages combine with oxygen throughout this process. A body necessitates energy for all its functions, even while at rest.
How can I determine my metabolic type?Your BMR, or basal body's metabolism, is calculated via a metabolic test. The test, which is really elementary and straightforward, often implies having the client inhale it in to a tube for a maximum of ten minutes. This is meant to make it simpler to compute how much oxygen was inhaled and how much carbon dioxide was expelled.
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A scientists test the blood cholesterol concentration in a sample of men between 25 and 34 years old.
i) The frequency polygon is given by the image shown at the end of the answer.
ii) The modal class is the class with cholesterol concentration of 160 to 199 mg per cm³. (option C).
iii) The percentage of men in the sample with a higher risk of heart disease is given as follows: 15.28%.
How to do the frequency polygon, and obtain model class and percentage?The frequency polygon is constructed graphing the absolute frequencies of each range, as given in the table at the beginning of the problem. The polygon is presented by the image given at the end of the answer.
The modal class is the class with the highest number of observations, which is the class with cholesterol concentration of 160 to 199 mg per cm³, with 442 observations.
A percentage is calculated as the number of desired outcomes divided by the number of total outcomes, and multiplied by 100%.
The total number of men in the sample is of:
13 + 150 + 442 + 299 + 115 + 34 + 9 + 5 = 1067.
The number of those at risk of a heart disease is of:
115 + 34 + 9 + 5 = 163.
Hence the percentage is of:
163/1067 x 100% = 15.28%.
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in gene expression in eukaryotes, the primary transcript is transported unchanged directly to the cytoplasm and is ready for translation. State True or False your answer:
a. True
b. False
you submit your dna for testing through an ancestry service and get your results. one of your results is that you are 1.2% east asian. what do those results actually indicate?
There is a 1.2% probability that my SNPs share ancestry with an East Asian reference population.
When interpreting test results healthcare professionals consider medical history family history and the type of genetic testing that was done. A positive test result means the lab has found a change in a specific gene, chromosome, or protein of interest.
Positive or Abnormal. It means that a disease or substance has been found. inconclusive or uncertain. This means that the results did not provide enough information to diagnose or rule out disease. More tests may be taken if the results are inconclusive. A DNA test is a medical test that can identify mutations in genes, chromosomes, or proteins.
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72. what are the two groups that leukocytes are divided into? how do we distinguish between these two groups
The term leukemia means white blood. White blood cells (leukocytes) are used by the body to fight infections and other foreign substances. Leukocytes are made in the bone marrow. Leukemia leads to an uncontrolled increase in the number of white blood cells.
Common causes of leukocytosis include having an infection, but it also can occur if a person has had bone tumors or leukemia.
Septic shock may cause either leukocytosis or leukopenia. Many septic patients exist between these two extremes, with a normal WBC (such patients often develop leukocytosis in a delayed fashion). For example, half of the patients presenting to the hospital with bacteremia may have a normal WBC.
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In order for a hypothesis to be able to be used in science, which of the following must be true?
Answer:
The hypothesis must be testable
Explanation: