According to the Agile Manifesto, the four core values of Agile software development are: valuing people over processes and tools, prioritizing working software over thorough documentation, prioritizing customer collaboration over contract negotiations, and prioritizing responding to change over sticking to a schedule.
A team's choice of project management methodology won't significantly alter the Agile life cycle. Sprints, which are small intervals equivalent to iterations, are the unit of work for Scrum teams. Like a Scrum master, they also have duties that are clearly laid out. On the other side, kanban teams work more continuously and don't have defined responsibilities. Another example is Extreme Programming, in which teams usually work in shorter iterations and pay more attention to engineering techniques. With a light strategy, self-organized teams can better respond to organizational needs. Every agile framework employs incremental and iterative development and has a predetermined, specified iteration length. Additionally, they all adopt a lightweight strategy that enables self-organized teams to adjust to business needs more effectively. It's a name for techniques applied to software development.
Learn more about Agile by using this link:
https://brainly.com/question/29545054
#SPJ4
Are there price controls in a free market?
Government pricing controls are frequently necessary in a free market. They are frequently applied as a direct economic intervention strategy to regulate the price of specific goods and services, such rent, gas, and food.
One type of economically essential intervention is price controls. They are commonly used to help steer the economy in a certain direction and are meant to bring down prices for consumers. For instance, it could be considered that some restrictions are necessary to keep inflation in check. Price controls are the opposite of market forces, which result in prices set by producers based on supply and demand. Price limitations are regularly imposed on consumer essentials. Restrictions set by the government may have minimums or maximums. Price floors are the lowest prices, whereas price ceilings are often referred to as price limits.
Price controls may be put in place to ensure affordability and economic stability, but they may also have the opposite effect. Price controls have a history of resulting in problems over time, such as shortages, rationing, a drop in product quality, and the creation of underground markets to sell the price-controlled goods through unauthorised channels.
Learn more about price controls at
https://brainly.com/question/28020525?referrer=searchResults
#SPJ4
Is incentive a disadvantage?
According to the given statement is It can gradually foster an attitude of entitlement, which will diminish motivation and performance.
What exactly are an advantage and a disadvantage?An advantage is any occurrence, opportunity, or strategy that is particularly favorable to achievement or any desired purpose, whereas a downside is a fault or unpleasant trait; a scam.
Can a drawback turn into a benefit?Disadvantage (physically, mental, etc psychological) is a benefit rather than a liability. It presents an opportunity for growth and development in your life that is profoundly significant. Consider how I changed careers from opera singer to clinical psychologist.
To know more about disadvantage visit:
https://brainly.com/question/17128827
#SPJ4
Who do interest groups represent quizlet?
Before their government, interest organizations speak on behalf of the people. By identifying these issues, interest organizations effectively reflect the concerns of their members in the political process. Interest groups provide a forum for political participation.
How do interest groups function? They stand for what, exactly?In order to pursue shared political goals, individuals form groups known as interest groups. They often focus their efforts on one specific area of policy, in contrast to political parties, who must address every issue on the public agenda.
Who speaks on behalf of interest groups and what are their names?Professional lobbyists work to sway laws, regulations, or other governmental acts, decisions, or policies on behalf of an organization or individual who pays them.
What is an interest group's principal goal?An interest group's main goal is to sway public policies in favor of the group's members or their own interests. The general public and decision-makers are informed, among other things, about the problems that these organizations are attempting to solve.
Learn more about interest group: https://brainly.com/question/28590155
#SPJ4
What movement of the government can help the inflation rate?
Contractionary financial strategy is presently a more famous technique for controlling expansion. By raising interest rates, a contractionary policy seeks to reduce an economy's money supply.
By making credit more expensive, consumers and businesses spend less, which slows economic growth.
What measures can the government take to lower inflation?In response to rising inflation, the Federal Reserve has raised interest rates to reduce demand for goods, services, and labor. Output and employment will decrease, price and money wage movements will slow, and core price inflation will eventually decrease if interest rates are raised sufficiently.
Which strategy contributes to inflation control?A contractionary monetary policy is one common method of managing inflation. Inflation can be controlled. A contractionary strategy means to decrease the stockpile of cash inside an economy by bringing down the costs of securities and increasing loan fees.
To learn more about inflation here:
https://brainly.com/question/29308595
#SPJ4
what are some of the responsibilities of a city manager? select all that apply.(select all that apply.)
Answer:
responsabilities of a city manager
Explanation:
Un administrador de la ciudad es responsable de las operaciones diarias de una ciudad.Esto incluye la gestión del personal, el presupuesto y la planificación, la supervisión de la infraestructura y los servicios y el mantenimiento de la seguridad pública.Un administrador de la ciudad también suele liderar el esfuerzo para atraer negocios y residentes al área. Una descripción típica del trabajo de un administrador de la ciudad puede incluir: • Administrar personal • Planificación y presupuesto • Supervisar la infraestructura y los servicios • Mantener la seguridad pública • Liderar los esfuerzos para atraer negocios y residentes del área. Las responsabilidades de un administrador municipal varían según el tamaño de la ciudad, pero generalmente incluyen liderar una organización con un presupuesto anual superior a los $100 millones.
english: A city administrator is responsible for the daily operations of a city. This includes personnel management, budget and planning, supervision of infrastructure and services, and maintenance of public safety.A city administrator also often leads the effort to attract businesses and residents to the area. A typical job description of a city manager may include: • Managing staff • Planning and budgeting • Overseeing infrastructure and services • Maintaining public safety • Leading efforts to attract businesses and area residents. The responsibilities of a city administrator vary depending on the size of the city, but usually include leading an organization with an annual budget of more than $100 million.
Which now is integral part of all business functions?
The integral part of all business functions is known as coordination.
Coordination is considered to be the essence of management and an integral part of all the managerial and business functions. Coordination is also instrumental in order to bind all the managerial functions. Thus, coordination is inseparable from the managerial functions.
However, in planning, coordination tends to allow a manager in order to assess what he must include or exclude in a good plan. Coordination is the process through which various functions of management are seen to be synchronized towards common goals.
Hence, coordination is required by managers at all levels of management.
To learn more about management here:
https://brainly.com/question/13724491
#SPJ4
Do subdomains have DNS records?
A DNS record for a hostname that is part of your domain is referred to as a subdomain. Simply add the DNS record for the subdomain using our DNS record editor.
Organizational needs are the key motivation for marketers and people to use a subdomain.
If you use a single domain to host your website, host different records for other tools and services your business uses, as well as all the different records that are generally connected with a workspace under a specific name, the DNS of a domain can become quite cluttered very fast.
If two entries clash or a lookup address expires, DNS can easily break.
To know more about DNS, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13112429
#SPJ4
under which market conditions is there deadweight loss associated with the profit-maximizing output? check all that apply.
When supply and demand are out of equilibrium, a deadweight loss arises, which impairs the efficiency of the market. When items on the market are either overpriced or undervalued, market inefficiency results.
Deadweight loss is the market inefficiency brought on by over- or underproduction of products and services, which lowers the overall economic surplus. Deadweight losses may be brought on by taxation, monopolies, price floors, and price limits, among other things. By producing the amount where marginal income and marginal cost overlap, a monopolist maximises profit. As a result, society loses weight and there is a transfer of value from the consumer to the monopolist. Consumer surplus is much lower than it would be in a market with perfect competition because monopolistic companies set prices higher than marginal costs. Deadweight is lost as a result, and the economic surplus is reduced overall.
To learn more about Deadweight click the link below:
brainly.com/question/13719669
#SPJ4
jimmy must be at work no later than 7:00 a.m. on the days he works. because he must hurry to get to work, he runs over a lady going across the street. she sues jimmy and his employer for her injuries. she has:
Jimmy has to be at work by 7am on working days. As he has to rush to work, he is run over by a woman crossing the street. She is suing Jimmy and his employer for injuries. she has a lawsuit against Jimmy, but not against his employer.
Can I sue my employer for workplace injury in California?Generally, you cannot sue your employer for work-related injuries, including those from slips and falls. Instead, you should apply for workers' compensation through the California Workers' Compensation System. In California, the statute of limitations for personal injury is usually two years from the date of injury.
How do you file a complaint against an employer in Florida?In most cases, you cannot sue your Florida employer for work-related injuries. However, there are some exceptions where you can sue your employer. There are two ways to complain to the DOL (Department of Labor). You can visit website at DOL to find the office closest to you, or call 1-866-4USWAGE to make a claim.
To learn more about Sue's injuries visit:
https://brainly.com/question/14378055
#SPJ4
What are the three conditions of an oligopoly?
High entry costs in capital expenditures, legal privilege (license to use wireless spectrum or land for railroads), and a platform that gains value with more customers are the conditions that allow oligopolies to exist (such as social media).
An oligopoly is a market in which a small number of firms recognize their pricing and output policies are interdependent. Due to the small number of firms, each firm has some market power. Oligopolistic markets exist when there are two to ten sellers in a market selling homogeneous or differentiated products. The cold beverage industry is a prime example of an oligopoly.
The term "oligopoly" refers to an industry in which only a few companies operate. In an oligopoly, no single firm has significant market power. As a result, no single firm can raise its prices above the price that would exist in the absence of perfect competition.
To learn more about oligopoly, here
https://brainly.com/question/28317513
#SPJ4
What do Agile teams use to break their work into small deliverable elements?
Agile teams enables more effective collaborations between teams working on difficult projects by allowing teams to create projects in manageable chunks known as "sprints." and use user stories to break their work into small deliverable elements
An Agile team is a collection of staff members, subcontractors, or contract employees in charge of carrying out an Agile project. Agile teams frequently work in close proximity to one another and are free from duties to other tasks during the project's timeline. Every individual needed to generate the final good or service is a requirement for an Agile team. The team is often cross-functional, and responsibilities will change based on the requirements of the task and the kind of Agile framework selected.
To learn more about agile refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/29848651
#SPJ4
What are price floors used for?
Price floors can be used for agriculture, rent control, wages etc.
A price floor is a minimum price that a product may be sold for that the government has approved, with the restriction that it may not be offered for less. These are frequently used to prevent producers of a certain commodity from charging excessively cheap rates for their wares. They are designed to guarantee that manufacturers can cover their expenses and make a profit that is reasonable.
These are employed in agricultural markets where the government may impose price ceilings on certain agricultural commodities like wheat or maize in order to shield farmers from potential price declines brought on by excess production or shifts in the global market. Furthermore, the government establishes a minimum wage as a price floor for workers in some nations. This helps to safeguard against exploitation and guarantees that workers receive a set minimum wage for their labor. As certain towns or states may set price floors for rental properties to protect tenants from unreasonably high rent costs, they can also be utilised in rent control.
Read more about price floors on:
https://brainly.com/question/24827521
#SPJ4
in your current job, you earn $41,000. you take the standard deduction of $12,200. you have an offer of a new job working for a different employer. your salary would go up by $6,500. how much extra will you owe in federal income taxes if you take the new job?
The amount extra that you will owe as federal income taxes if the new job is taken, is $ 780.
How to find the tax ?Your current taxable income is :
= Current earnings - Standard deduction
= 41, 000 - 12, 200
= $ 28, 800
If you receive a new salary under a different employer, the taxable income becomes :
= 28, 800 + 6, 500
= $ 35, 300
This means that your marginal tax rate is 12 % so the tax on the $ 6, 500 would be:
= 6, 500 x 12 %
= $ 780
Find out more on standard deduction at https://brainly.com/question/29307306
#SPJ1
What are the 4 factors of sustainability?
Socio-cultural respect, community involvement, political cohesiveness, economic stability, and environmental sustainability make up the four pillars of sustainability.
Fulfilling the requirements of the present generation without compromising those of the future requires sustainability, which involves striking a balance between economic development, environmental protection, and social well-being.
By recognizing, advancing, and preserving fundamental human needs including human rights, equality, health, culture, and religion today and into the future, we as a country can ensure the well-being of our community.
Programs promoting local involvement and sustainability increase community awareness while also expanding the reach of government initiatives. The path forward for inclusive and sustainable development is to work with communities to improve knowledge and options in village development projects.
To learn more about sustainability
https://brainly.com/question/13353436
#SPJ4
Are variable costs always relevant costs? Explain.
Variable costs are not always relevant costs, because variable costs are relevant or irrelevant depending on other factors.If under different alternatives.
The variable cost remains the same,so it will not be considered a relevant cost,Variable cost analysis is important for the following reasons variable costs help determine price.Typically,a company strives to set competitive prices for its products in order to recover the cost of manufacturing the products.Fixed costs may be relevant, but they have to be related to a specific decision.On the other hand,fixed costs that are of a general nature fixed costs that we incur regardless of the decision that is made,would not be considered relevant.Relevant cost is a managerial accounting term that describes avoidable costs which are incurred only when making business Decisions the concept of relevant cost is used to eliminate unnecessary data that can complicate decision making.
To learn more about competitive please click on below link.
https://brainly.com/question/13686157.
#SPJ4
Does cutting taxes help the economy?
Tax reductions give people more discretionary money, which is a simple argument in favor of the idea that they promote economic growth.
What are the benefits of tax cuts for the economy?Reduced income taxes increase consumers' purchasing power and increase aggregate demand, which in turn can increase economic growth (and possibly inflation). Income tax reductions may strengthen labor incentive structures on the supply side, boosting productivity.
Are taxes harmful to the economy?Additionally, they largely support the idea that raising taxes may raise government revenue, but typically at the expense of economic expansion and taxpayer mobility. On the other side, tax cuts often lead to short-term revenue losses while promoting long-term economic growth.
To know more about cutting taxes economy visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/13108191
#SPJ4
How can cost-benefit analysis help the government choose among alternative investment projects?
The main advantage of cost-benefit analysis is that it may direct investment choices, particularly in the public sector. The Government can select the most advantageous option among them based on a cost-benefit analysis given the resource constraints.
How can the government profit from using cost-benefit analysis?
Cost-benefit analysis has been employed as one technique. In order to evaluate and analyze the discounted streams of future benefits and costs connected with a planned project in terms of money, this tries to accomplish for government programs what the forces of the market do for corporate projects.
What are cost-benefit analyses used for?
It is typical to anticipate that supply and demand will balance out. Comparing the costs and benefits of a certain course of action is the aim of cost-benefit analyses.
Learn more about cost-benefit analyses
brainly.com/question/2601656
#SPJ4
The day-to-day operations of a corporation are overseen by a. the officers. O b. the owners. O c. the shareholders. d. the directors.
The day-to-day operations of a corporation are overseen by the officers. Hence, option (a) will be regarded as the relevant option choice.
Give a brief account on corporation.Unrelated to its owners, a corporation is a separate legal entity. Numerous legal rights and obligations apply to businesses just like they do to people. They have the authority to carry out a contract, lend as well as borrow money, bring on legal actions and defend them, choose judges, own property, and pay taxes. A Corporation can at times be regarded as a "legal person."
Some corporation conduct business both under their own names and under different trade names, such as Alphabet Inc., which is best known for operating as Goo-gle. Although the exact legal definition of a company varies from one state to the next, limited liability is usually the corporate form's most crucial feature. By receiving dividends and rising stock prices, shareholders can partake in the company's profits, but they are not personally responsible for the obligations of the business.
To know more about, corporation, visit :
https://brainly.com/question/29098875
#SPJ4
Which of 3 main financial statements needs to be prepared first?
Financial statements that must be provided are the income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows.
Which accounting statement is the most crucial?The income statement of a firm is the most crucial financial document to include when requesting finance because it shows whether your company can turn a profit.
What are the two primary financial statements used while making decisions?Businesses can monitor their activities through financial accounting, which also gives a quick overview of their financial situation. A corporation can provide investors and lenders greater clout in their decision-making by presenting data through a range of statements, such as the balance sheet and income statement.
To know more about statement visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/22716375
#SPJ4
on september 12, fang company sold merchandise of $5,800 to brown company, with credit terms of 2/10, n/30. the cost of the items sold is $4,000. fang uses the perpetual inventory system and the net method of accounting for sales. on september 14, brown returns some of the merchandise. the selling price of the merchandise is $500 and the cost of the merchandise returned is $350. brown pays the invoice on september 18 and takes the appropriate discount. the journal entry that fang makes on september 18 is:
Using the perpetual inventory system and the net method of accounting for sales, on September 18, the journal entry that Fang Company makes is as follows:
Journal Entry:Sept. 18:
Debit Cash $5,194
Credit Accounts Receivable (Brown Company) $5,194
(To record the receipt of cash on account from Brown.)
What is the perpetual inventory system?Under the perpetual inventory system, inventory transactions are recorded as they occur and not at the end of the financial period.
What is the net sales method?Under the net sales method, discounts are deducted when sales are recorded and not when payments are received with appropriate adjustments if there are sales returns and allowances.
On the other hand, the gross sales method does not deduct the sales discounts until payments are received.
Transaction Analysis:Sept. 12: Accounts Receivable (Brown Company) $5,684 Sales Discounts $116 Sales Revenue $5,800
Credit terms of 2/10, n/30
Cost of goods sold $4,000 Inventory $4,000
Sept. 14: Sales Returns $500 Accounts Receivable (Brown Company) $490 Sales Discounts $10
Inventory $350 Cost of goods sold $350
Sept. 18: Cash $5,194 Accounts Receivable (Brown Company) $5,194
Learn more about the net sales method at https://brainly.com/question/29110758
#SPJ1
romeo juliet airline discovers that the price elasticity of demand coefficient for its airline tickets is 0.90. if romeo juliet raised its price by 10%, what would likely happen to its total revenue, all else equal?
The procedures below can be used to multiply a number by a specific percentage. To find one hundredth of a number, divide the desired increment by 100. Decide on a percentage and multiply it by 1%. Then, multiply it by the previous figure. The Correct Answer is increase by 1%.
How do I calculate percentage increase over time?Subtract the smaller number from the larger one. Step 4 will be your next step if you have previously determined the percentage change.Divide the answer by one and subtract it.Divide this new sum by 100. Now that you know the percentage change.By the amount of time between the two values, divide the percentage change.You now own the % growth over time. Always keep in mind that the units are % / [time], where time is the number you divided by, such as s for seconds or min for minutes. Please be aware that compounding is not taken into account.To calculate the % change between the two times for linear graphs, multiply this value by any time difference.You may solve algebraically for non-linear plots by simply substituting your equation for the larger integer. All that will be determined is the percentage difference between the inputted number and the starting point.The Complete Question is increase by 1%.
To Learn more About specific percentage refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/24877689
#SPJ4
If you have a conversion term policy, then?
A term-to-permanent life insurance conversion, or “term-to-perm” conversion, allows you to extend your life insurance coverage.
One party promises to reimburse the other in exchange for a fee in the event of certain loss, damage or injury as a safeguard against financial loss. This is a risk management method primarily used to protect against the risk of potential loss.
An underwriter, insurance company, insurance company or underwriter is a company that provides insurance. A person or business that buys insurance is called the policyholder, while someone or something that is covered by the policy is called the insured.
To know more about Insurance here-
https://brainly.com/question/27822778
#SPJ4
the three dimensions of customer service are:group of answer choicesproduct quality, customer experience, and communication.diligence, communication, and customer experience.product quality, feedback, and service motivationmunication, resilience, and service motivationmunication, product quality, and diligence.
Diligence, communication, and client experience make up the three components of customer service.
What is communication and explain?Giving, receiving, & exchanging information are all parts of communication, which might take the form of talking, writing, listening, or reading. Good communicators pay close attention to others' opinions, talk or write effectively, and respect them. process when data is exchanged between people via a common set of signs, symbols, or actions.
Why is communication important?In daily life, communication enables us to relate to people, share our experiences and needs, and strengthen our bonds. It gives us the chance to communicate our views, share data, and express our emotions. All of us must communicate.
To know more about communication visit:
brainly.com/question/28314871
#SPJ4
capitalist economies do not have much a. competition among businesses. b. profit motive. c. government ownership of resources. d. freedom of choice.
A) Businesses in capitalist economies are not particularly competitive.
Is competition nonexistent in capitalism?Personal property ownership, open competition, and individual incentives are all hallmarks of capitalism. In a free-market system, buyers and sellers' demand and supply are the only determinants of the market, and the government has little to no influence.
What are the four traits of a capitalist?A two-class system, private ownership, a profit motive, minimal government intervention, and competition are just a few of the unique characteristics of capitalism.
What is the economy's capitalist?Most people think of capitalism as an economic system in which private actors own and control property according to their own interests and demand and supply freely set market prices in a way that can serve society's best interests. The drive to make a profit is fundamental to capitalism.
To learn more about capitalist economies here:
https://brainly.com/question/28921023
#SPJ4
How can an individual shape public policy?
In contrast to other forms of governance, Western-style democracies are unique in how they formulate public policy.
What are the factors that shape the development of public policy?Through advocacy, education, or the mobilization of interest groups, individuals and organizations frequently try to influence public policy. Clearly, Western-style democracies differ from other types of government in how they shape public policy.
Public opinion, economic situations, new scientific discoveries, technical advancements, interest groups, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), commercial lobbying, and political action are just a few of the variables that have an impact on public policies.
By being knowledgeable about pertinent developments, circumstances, and actors, such as financial considerations, political considerations, and public opinion, you can exert influence. Your choice of definition for the issue will have an impact on whether and how policies need to be created or modified.
To learn more about public policy refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/1064937
#SPJ4
Which goal are airlines trying to achieve when they use frequent flyer programs, which give customers points that can be redeemed for free travel, rental cars, and other merchandise? Group of answer choices
a. increase the amount and frequency of use
b. provide information
c. create product awareness
d. get consumers to try their product
e. identify target market(s)
A frequent-flyer program or frequent-flyer program is a loyalty program offered by many airlines. Many airlines have frequent-flyer programs designed to encourage customers to enroll in the program to collect points which may then be redeemed or used for air travel or other rewards.
Points earned under FFPs may be based on the class of fare, distance flown on that airline or its partners, or the amount paid for the ticket booking. There are many other ways to earn points.
For example, in past few years, more points have been earned by using co-branded credit and debit cards than by air travel. A similar way to earn points is spending money at associated retail outlets, car hire companies, hotels, lunge, or other associated businesses.
The points that we get can use for air travel, other goods or services, or for increased benefits, like travel class upgrades, airport lounge access, fast track access, or priority bookings.
To know more about Airlines:
https://brainly.com/question/15122842
#SPJ4
vendor analysis is the examination of the _________ of purchased materials. a. function b. source c. quality d. cycle e. quantity sources
Answer:
B. source
Explanation:
Supplier analysis also involves examining the source of purchased materials, that is, where the materials used to produce the company's products or services come from. This may include analysis of factors such as the location of suppliers, the sustainability of their production practices, and the social and environmental impact of their operations.
What are 3 benefits of stocks?
Here are the 3 benefits of stocks:
The potential to earn higher returnsThe ability to earn regular passive incomeThe ability to protect our wealth from inflationWhat is stocks?In finance, stock consists of all the shares by which ownership of a corporation or company is divided. A single share represents a partial ownership of the company in proportion to the total number of shares. This usually gives stockholders a share of the company's profits, the proceeds of liquidation of assets or voting rights, usually divided among them in proportion to the amount each shareholder has invested. All shares are not necessarily equal, as certain classes of shares may be issued, such as non-voting, with enhanced or given voting rights to receive profits or liquidation before or after other types of shareholders.
Learn more about stocks brainly.com/question/26128641
#SPJ4
wwhat are the strong and weak points of the flexible exchange rate system?hat are the strong and weak points of the flexible exchange rate system? what are the strong and weak points of the fixed exchange rate system
The benefit of flexible exchange rates is that they do not necessitate ongoing government intervention. They accurately reflect a country's currency, thus no adjustments to foreign reserves are necessary.
What is advantage of flexible exchange rates?The value of one currency in relation to another is known as an exchange rate. In other words, it's the expense of converting a certain amount of local currency into foreign currency.The exchange rate is based on the availability and demand of money in the market in a flexible exchange rate system. A flexible exchange rate system permits currency values to alter at will in accordance with shifts in the supply and demand for foreign currencies.A fixed exchange rate is one that the government establishes and keeps constant. A flexible exchange rate is one that changes in response to market conditions. occurs whenever there is talk of changing government policy.A flexible exchange rate keeps the domestic economy protected from pressures and shocks from outside sources. The risk of "importing inflation" from abroad is minimal under this method. In other words, the impact of price feedback is minimal.To learn more about flexible exchange refer :
https://brainly.com/question/4267361
#SPJ4
When real interest rates rise, consumption will shift: Group of answer choices downward if there is saving downward if income rises as well upward if the substitution effect outweighs the income effect upward if the income effect outweighs the substitution effect
When real interest rates rise, consumption will shift: downward if there is saving. Option A
What are real interest rates?Generally, If real interest rates rise, it typically means that the cost of borrowing money has increased.
This can lead to a reduction in consumption, as people may be less willing to take on debt to finance their purchases.
This effect is known as the substitution effect, as people substitute away from borrowing and towards saving. The income effect, on the other hand, refers to the impact that a change in income has on consumption.
If real interest rates rise and people save more as a result, their disposable income will also increase. This could lead to an increase in consumption, as people have more money to spend.
Ultimately, whether consumption shifts upward or downward will depend on whether the substitution effect or the income effect is stronger.
Read more about real interest rates
https://brainly.com/question/13324776
#SPJ1