Use the information in the table below to respond to the statements and questions that follow. Your answers should be in terms of principles of molecular structure and intermolecular forces. a) Draw the complete Lewis electron-dot diagram for ethyne in the appropriate cell in the table below. (1) Compound Ethanethiol Formula CH3CH2SH Ethane CH3CH3 Lewis Electron Dot Diagram HH H:C:C:S:H HH HH H:C:C:H HH HH H:C:C:0:H HH Ethanol CH3CH2OH Ethene CzH b) Which of the four molecules contains the shortest carbon-to-carbon bond? Explain. [2] c) Explain how the structure of the molecules affects the energy that is required to boil ethanol. Consider the statement " As ethanol boils energy goes into breaking C-C bonds, C-H bonds, C-o bonds and O-H bonds." Is the statement true or false? Justify your answer. [2] d) Ethanol is completely soluble in water, whereas ethanethiol has limited (significantly less) solubility in water. Account for the difference in solubilities between the two compounds in terms of intermolecular forces. [2]
Answers
The complete Lewis electron-dot diagram for ethyne is shown in the attached diagram below:
What is the lewis electron dot diagram?A lewis electron dot structure can be utilized to represent the number of bonds, the lone pairs left in the atoms, and the bonding atoms in the molecule.
Solid lines are used to represent the bonds between atoms that are directly bonded to one another and excess electrons are denoted as dot pairs and are represented next to the atoms.
As the valence electrons of each carbon atom are equal to 4 from the electronic configuration of the carbon atom. First, the total number of valence electrons in a molecule is 4 + 1 + 1 + 4 = 10.
As each carbon atom needs only 4 electrons to complete its octet. As the octet completes, the rest of the electrons are assigned as the lone pairs of atoms. But there are no lone pairs in the molecule of the ethyne.
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Related Questions
Because pure H2 is a hazardous substance, safer and more cost effective techniques to store it as a solid for shipping purposes have been developed. One such method is the reaction represented above, which occurs at 200 degrees Celsius. Which of the following happens to H atoms in the forward reaction?
Answers
In the given reaction, hydrogen undergoes both oxidation and reduction. Hydrogen first oxidises from 0 to +1 oxidation state and then reduced to -1 in LiH.
What is oxidation?Oxidation is the process by which element combines with oxygen or loses electron forming its higher oxidation state. Whereas reduction is the process of combining with hydrogen or gaining electron to form the lower oxidation state of the element.
If an element undergoes both oxidation and reduction in the same reaction, it is called as disproportionation reaction. In the given reaction hydrogen undergoes disproportionation reaction.
In the molecular state H₂ is in 0 oxidation state and when it turns to LiNH₂, it oxidises to + 1 oxidation state and then reduces to -1 in LiH. Hence, option C is correct.
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Your question is incomplete. But your complete question probably was:
Because pure H2 is a hazardous substance, safer and more cost effective techniques to store it as a solid for shipping purposes have been developed. One such method is the reaction represented above, which occurs at 200 degrees Celsius. Which of the following happens to H atoms in the forward reaction?
Li₃N(s) + 2 H₂(g) ←→ LiNH₂(s) + 2 LiH(s)
(A) H atoms are oxidized only.
(B) H atoms are reduced only.
(C) H atoms are both oxidized and reduced.
(D) H atoms are neither oxidized nor reduced.
Oxygen has two common molecular anions: peroxide (O22) and superoxide (02). Use an MO energy level diagram to determine the following. 18. The bond order for 02. Enter as an integer or decimal
19.The bond order for O2. Enter as an integer or decimal. 20. The bond order for O22. Enter an integer or decimal. 21. Which of these are paramagnetic? O O2
O O2-
O 022-
22. Which has the longest bond length? O O2
O O2-
O O22-
Answers
O₂ and O₂⁻ are paramagnetic while O₂²⁻ is diamagnetic. An entity is paramagnetic if it has unpaired electrons in its molecules. The chemical is diamagnetic if every electron is coupled.
A paramagnetic is what?Unpaired electrons with magnetic dipole moments are paramagnetic as a result. According to QED, an electron's magnetic moment results from its spins and orbiting motion, granting it angular velocity in the microscopic sense.
Iron is paramagnetic for what reason?Compounds that are magnetic are drawn towards the poles of magnets because they contain 1 or more lone pair of electrons. Due to the requirement of electronegativity in their orbitals, both the element iron as iron (III) are paramagnetic. The majority of the time, iron (II) also occupies the same position.
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for the tlc experiment: compounds that have the affinity for the stationary phase and affinity for the mobile phase will travel the furthest.
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According to the tlc experiment, chemicals that have a low affinity for the stationary phase and a high affinity for the mobile phase will go the farthest.
A compound example is defined.A material that has been chemically linked by the joining of two or more distinct components. Sea salt (NaCl), which itself is derived first from elements sodium and chloride, as water (H2O), which is created from the components hydrogen and oxygen are two such examples of compounds.
Give an explanation of compounds.Any material composed of two or more separate chemical elements mixed together in a certain proportion is called a compound. The interaction of the elements creates chemical connections that are hard to break. Shared or exchanged electrons between atoms cause the formation of these bonds.
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In a covalent bond, two atoms are held together by the attraction between
Answers
Answer:
In a covalent bond, two atoms are held together by the attraction between each atom and the shared electronsthe nuclei of the two atomsthe valence electrons of the two atoms. The number of covalent bonds that an atom can form depends on the number of energy levelsprotons and neutronsvalence electrons in the atom.
Explanation:
Which of the following accurately describes minerals? A) When a food is burned, all the minerals are found in the ash. B) The body absorbs each mineral from foods in much the same way. C) Minerals in food can be destroyed by acid. D) The body needs about 200 milligrams of each trace mineral each day. E) Major minerals are more important than trace minerals.
Answers
When a food is burned, all the minerals are found in the ash. Therefore, the correct option is option A which accurately describes minerals among all the given options.
What is mineral?A mineral is unique from its synthetic analogues, which must be generated through natural processes by definition. Artificial minerals, such as emeralds, diamond, sapphires, and other expensive gemstones, are routinely made in industry and scientific facilities and are frequently almost similar to their biological counterparts.
There are thousands of known mineral species, with around 100 of them constituting the primary dissolved minerals of rocks; they are known as rock-forming minerals. When a food is burned, all the minerals are found in the ash.
Therefore, the correct option is option A.
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Calculatethe rms speed of an oxygen molecule at 0∘C anddetermine how many times per second it would move back and forth across a 5.0-m-long room on average, assuming it made no collisions with other molecules.
Answers
The RMS speed of an oxygen molecule at 0° temperature is 14.5971m/sec and it move 0.342 times per second back and forth.
We know that RMS speed of molecule is given by the formula=√(3RT /M)
where R is the gas constant,
T is the temperature of molecule
and M is the molecular mass of the molecule.
Now,for oxygen molecule,we know that oxygen have =32g/mol,and temperature in kelvin is C+273=0+273=273K.
So,on putting the value in above formula
=>RMS speed=√(3 × 8.314× 273) / 32
=>RMS speed=√6809.166/32
=>RMS speed=√212.786
=>RMS speed=14.5871m/sec
Now,we need to apply the distance-speed formula for calculating the time.
We have distance as 5m,speed as 14.5871m/sec and t=?;
5=14.5871 × t
=>t=5/14.5871
=>t=0.342sec
Hence, RMS speed is 14.5871m/sec and oxygen molecule will travel back and froth 0.342 times in 1 sec .
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Why sulphuric acid is used in preparation of chrom alum ?!?
Answers
Answer:
it act has a catalyst
Explanation:
sulphuric acid is a catalyst that is used in the preparation of chrom alum
∆Hrxn for a particular chemical reaction is –85 kJ. Which of the following is true?
A. The reaction releases energy as it occurs, and the energy level of the products is less than the energy level of the reactants.
B. The reaction absorbs energy as it occurs, and the energy level of the products is less than the energy level of the reactants.
C. The reaction releases energy as it occurs, and the energy level of the products is greater than the energy level of the reactants.
D. The reaction absorbs energy as it occurs, and the energy level of the products is greater than the energy level of the reactants.
Answers
The energy level of the products is lower than the energy level of the reactants, and energy is released throughout the reaction. (Option A)
What is meant by an exothermic reaction?Chemical processes known as exothermic reactions generate heat. When heat is transferred from the system to its surroundings, as described, the heat flow q is considered negative. Therefore, the H of reaction is negative for exothermic reaction processes.
Why is exothermic reaction negative?Therefore, a reaction is exothermic and its enthalpy will be negative if it releases more energy than it takes in. Consider this as a certain quantity of heat evaporating from (or being removed from) the reaction. Endothermic reactions have positive enthalpies because they absorb or use more energy than they produce.
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The energy required to run the Calvin cycle reactions of photosynthesis comes from which two substances produced during the light-dependent reactions?
O ATP and NADPH
O ADP and PO4
O H+ and PO2
O O2 and CO2
Answers
The substances produced during the light-dependent reactions to run the Calvin cycle reactions of photosynthesis are ATP and NADPH.
Thus, the correct answer is A.
What is the Calvin cycle?The Cаlvin cycle is а cycle thаt tаkes plаce in the stromа of the chloroplаst. The primаry enzyme required for the cycle to occur is the RUBISCO or ribulose-1,5-bisphosphаte cаrboxylаse oxygenаse which is found in the stromа. It is the cycle where the ultimаte plаnt food glucose is synthesized.
The sources of energy in the Cаlvin cycle аre Аdenosine triphosphаte (АTP) аnd Nicotinаmide аdenine dinucleotide phosphаte hydrogen (NАDPH) which аre formed during the light reаction in the thylаkoid membrаne.
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Read the temperatures shown to the nearest 0.5°C
Answer: 37.0 and 42.5
Answers
The temperatures shown to the nearest 0.5°C is 42.5°C.
What is temperature?Temperature is the measurement of the coldness or hotness of a substances or object or place.The instrument used to measure temperature is termed as Thermometer.°C (Celsius):
°C (Celsius) is the measurement of Temperature on the Celsius scale .This is one of the S.I systems of temp. measurement.The other scale used to measure Temperature is Kelvin scale.The units of °C (Celsius) is marked on the thermometer as shown in the image.0°C (Celsius) is equal to 273.15 KHence, as per the given image the temperatures shown to the nearest 0.5°C is 42.5°C.
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Using general tendencies and the chart given in the introduction, predict the most likely mode of decay of each of the following radioactive isotopes. Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.
Answers
A neutron that transforms into a proton is the mode of decay that a neutron-rich nucleus will experience most frequently. Every radioactive isotope with a neutron content less than 83 decays by an electron.
How can the decay modes of an isotope be predicted?Beta decay will occur in isotopes with a N/Z ratio greater than 1, which translates to an overabundance of neutrons. Stable nuclei for elements with increased atomic numbers can be found at N/Z ratios more than 1 and as high as 1.5.
What are the alpha, beta, and gamma kinds of radioactive decay?The nucleus loses two protons during alpha decay. The nucleus either acquires or loses a proton during beta decay. No change occurs in gamma decay the atom does not change into a new element because of an increase in proton number.
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What is the frequency of a photon of light (in Hz) that has an energy of 3.75 × 10-21 J?
5.66 × 1012 Hz
3.75 × 10-21 Hz
2.48 × 10-54 Hz
1.77 × 10-13 Hz
Answers
The energy of a photon is hv. Where h is plank's constant and v be the frequency. The frequency of a photon with an energy of 3.75 × 10⁻²¹ J is 5.66 × 10¹² Hz.
What is frequency?Frequency of a wave is the number of wave cycles per unit time. It is the inverse of the time period. Thus, has a unit of s⁻¹ which is equivalent to Hz.
Frequency of a wave is directly proportional to the energy.
The energy of a photon = hv
h is the planck constant = 6.62 × 10⁻34 J.s
Given the energy of a photon = 3.75 × 10⁻²¹ J
Thus, frequency = energy/planck's constant
= 3.75 × 10⁻²¹ J/ 6.62 × 10⁻34 J.s
= 5.66 × 10¹² Hz.
Therefore, the frequency of the photon is 5.66 × 10¹² Hz.
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Which of the following steps can be used to identify a single replacement reaction? a Check whether the products are salt and water. b Check whether the reactants are an acid and a base. c Check if the ions of two compounds exchange places. d Check if one element replaces another element in a compound.
Answers
When one element in the compound has been swapped out for another, the single replacement reaction can be recognized. Option C is right as a result.
The replacement reaction is the process in which a compound is formed after a highly reactive element has replaced a low reactive element.
The reaction is listed as follows:
AX + Y X + AY
The highly reactive X causes Y to replace Y in the complex, creating the compound AX.
One element in a compound is replaced by another in a chemical reaction known as a single-displacement reaction, sometimes referred to as a single replacement reaction or exchange reaction.
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how to find the average atomic mass from a data table
Answers
The average atomic mass of the element, given the data in the table is 39.095 amu
How do I determine the average atomic mass?From isotopy, we understood that the average atomic mass of elements existing in various isotopic form can be determined by the formula:
Average atomic mass = [(Mass of 1st × 1st%) / 100] + [(Mass of 2nd × 2nd%) / 100] + [(Mass of 3rd × 3rd%) / 100]
Where
1st, 2nd and 3rd are the isotopes of the element1st%, 2nd% and 3rd% are the abundance of each isotopesNow, we shall determine the average atomic mass of the element in the table as follow:
Mass of 1st = 38.96Abundance of 1st (1st%) = 93.26%Mass of 2nd = 39.96Abundance of 2nd (2nd%) = 0.01%Mass of 3rd = 40.96Abundance of 3rd (3rd%) = 6.73%Average atomic mass =?Average atomic mass = [(Mass of 1st × 1st%) / 100] + [(Mass of 2nd × 2nd%) / 100] + [(Mass of 3rd × 3rd%) / 100]
Average atomic mass = [(38.96 × 93.26) / 100] + [(39.96 × 0.01) / 100] + [(40.96 × 6.73) / 100]
Average atomic mass = 36.334 + 0.004 + 2.757
Average atomic mass = 39.095 amu
Thhus, the average atomic mass is 39.095 amu
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Rank the compounds in each of the following groups in order of increasing acidity or basicity, as indicated, and explain the order you assign. (a) acidity: HCl, HBr, HI
(b) acidity: NaHSO3, NaHSeO3, NaHSO4
(c) basicity: Mg(OH)2, Si(OH)4, NaOH
(d) acidity: HF, H2O, NH3, CH4
(e) acidity: HOCI, HOCIO, HOCIO2, HOCIO3
Answers
The compounds in each of the following groups in order of increasing acidity or basicity, as indicated are basicity: Mg(OH)2,NaOH and Si(OH)4.
The base MgOH are more weaker as compared to that of the NaOH as these are really less in electronic configuration and has the lowest electrons in NaOH is eventually more stronger than all bases as it has the best conjugation basics property that defines the basic structure and strength.
The NaOH is stronger among all as it is having higher basic properties that's fir the basicity of any base. The Si(OH)4 are the basic that has the lesser basic properties than that of the NaOH and MgOH.
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in general, real gases behave most ideally at pressures and temperatures. the behavior of real gases can be described using the van der waals equation
Answers
Molecule move quickly at high temperatures & low pressures. These intermolecular attractive forces diminish as a consequence, and the real gas starts to behave like that of an ideal gas.
What is an example of ideal gas?Many gases, including gas, oxygen, hydrogen, noble metals, some denser hydrocarbons like atmospheric co2, and combinations like air, can be classified as ideal gases if certain parameters are kept within reasonable bounds over a wide range of temperatures and pressures.
What is the ideal gas worth?Whenever the pressure is expressed in kPa, the real gases standard is found to be 8.314J/Kmol. The pressure, quantity, temperature, & number of molecules of an ideal gas are all related by a single equation known as the ideal gas law.
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Which of the following has the largest percent by mass of carbon?
a. CaCO3
b. CO2
c. NaHCO3
d. CH4
Answers
The largest percent composition by mass of carbon is d)CH₄ .So,correct option is d.
We need to calculate the molecular mass of each of the compound and then check how much by mass carbon is present in the compound.
a)Molecular mass of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) is =40+12+3ˣ16=100g
Now,we know that carbon has molecular mass=12g
So,percentage composition of carbon in CaCO₃=(12/100)ˣ100=12%
b)Similarly,molecular mass of carbon dioxide (CO₂)=44g
So,percentage composition of carbon in carbon dioxide is =(12/44)ˣ100=27.27%
c)Molecular mass of Sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO₃)=23+1+12+3ˣ16=84g
So,percentage composition of carbon in NaHCO₃=(12/84)ˣ100=12.85%
d)Molecular mass of methane(CH₄)=12+4ˣ1=16g
So, percentage composition of carbon in methane=(12/16)ˣ100=75%
We can see that by mass largest amount of carbon is present in methane(CH₄).
Hence,correct option is d.
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(Complete question) is:
Which of the following has the largest percent by mass of carbon?
a)CaCO₃
b)CO₂
c)NaHCO₃
d)CH₄
how many ml of 2.50%(m/v) salt solution would contain 1.80 g of salt? note: answer to 2 significant figures only and no units!
Answers
Answer:
180 ml
Explanation:
All of the following statements are true except
A. The n = 2 energy level has no d orbitals.
B. The 2p orbital set can hold a maximum of 6 electrons.
C. The s orbital has a spherical shape.
D. There are five d orbitals in a d sublevel.
E. The third main energy level can have electrons in an f subshell.
Answers
Among all the statements, statement A is incorrect that is the n = 2 energy level has no d orbitals.
How to define atomic orbitals and quantum numbers?The angular momentum quantum number (l)- The orbital form is determined by this integer with the values l = 0, 1, 2,..., n - 1.
Because of this, an orbital with n = 1 can only have one value of l, l = 0, while an orbital with n = 2 can have both l = 0 and l = 1. The orbital's overall dimensions and energy are determined by the primary quantum number. The orbital's form is determined by the l value. Subshells are formed by orbitals with the same value of l. Additionally, the angular momentum of an electron in this orbital increases with the angular momentum quantum number.
The d orbitals are the orbitals with l = 2. Then, the value of l is -
I = n-1 = 2 -1 = 1
The p orbitals are represented by the value l = 1 and not the d orbitals.
Thus, statement A in incorrect.
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the cloth shroud from around a mummy is found to have a 14c14c activity of 10.0 disintegrations per minute per gram of carbon as compared with living organisms that undergo 16.3 disintegrations per minute per gram of carbon. part a from the half-life for 14c14c decay, 5715 yryr , calculate the age of the shroud.
Answers
Shroud's vintage t=4.28×10 3yr If the cloth veil from a mummy has a 14C14C energy of 10.0 disintegrations for minute per kg of carbon in comparison to live things that experience
What exactly is state disintegration?When a government is no longer in effective control, the third component necessary for a state to exist, state structures appear to fall apart. Diverse regions of the nation's borders may be affected by this at varying intensities.
t = k1 ln N 0N t t = - dfrac 1 1.21 times 10-4 text year 1 ln dfrac 9.7 16.3
t=1.21104 yr1 1 ln 16.39.7 t = 4.28times 103 textyr
t=4.28×10 3 yr
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How many photons are contained in a flash of green light (525 nm) that
contains 189 kJ of total energy?
Answers
The flash of green light 525 nm that contains 189kJ of total energy is 2.39 ×10^29 photons.
The formula below gives the energy EE of a single photon of wavelength lambda.
E = hc/λ, where c is the speed of light and h is the plank constant, with a value of 6.62607015 ×10^34.
To determine the overall number of photons n in a green light flash (525 mm) with a total energy of 189 kJ.
We'll apply the following formula.
n= Et/ E
When we enter the given values into the formula, we see that n= Et/E.
= [tex]\frac{189 *10^3}{6.62607015 *10^−34 × 3*10^8}/ 525 *10^-3[/tex]
Therefore, there are 2.39 ×10^29 photons in a green light with 189 kJ of energy.
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Which statements correctly describe and provide evidence for the double replacement reaction?
Answers
The statements which correctly describe and provide evidence for the double replacement reaction are:
reactants rearrange to form new productsmetal replaces a nonmetalthe cations trade placesThe correct options are A, D, and E.
What are double replacement reactions?Double replacement reactions are reactions where there is an exchange of radicals between two compounds when their solution is mixed together.
In double replacement reactions, a precipitate is always formed.
Also, the metallic ions trade places such that the cation of one compound is exchanged with the cation of the other compound.
A typical double replacement reaction is illustrated below:
AB + CD ---> AD + CB
where;
A and C are cations
B and D are anions.
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Complete question:
Which statements correctly describe and provide evidence for the double replacement reaction?
reactants rearrange to form new productsthere is a single element formeda metal replaces a nonmetala precipitate is formedthe cations trade placesBelow, energy is plotted as a function of reaction progress for a catalyzed and uncatalyzed chemical reaction. Assign the terms to their corresponding features in the figure. Which curve in the plot represents the catalyzed reaction? O the blue (top) curve O the green (bottom) curve
Answers
The green bottom curve represents the catalysed reaction.
It is common practise to use catalysed reactions to quicken a particular chemistry's progress. The catalyst's main function is to offer the reaction a different, lower-energy pathway.
In a catalysed reaction, the reactant molecules readily pass the activation energy barrier and produce products. As a result, the activation energy of an uncatalyzed reaction is higher than the activation energy of a catalysed reaction.
For catalyzed reaction activation energy lower than uncatalyzed reaction. The complexity of the collisions necessary to reach a transition state means that without the catalyst, the Ce4+ ions and Tl+ ions must directly react in a termolecular reaction, which will be substantially slower.
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Compound A decomposed to form compound B and c I. A first order reaction at 250c° the rate constants for the reaction is 0.45,what is the half life of compound A ?
Answers
The half-life of a reaction is the time it takes for the concentration of a reactant to decrease to half its initial value. In a first-order reaction, the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. This means that the rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of compound A.
To calculate the half-life of compound A, you can use the equation:
half-life = (ln(2)) / k
where k is the rate constant for the reaction.
Plugging in the values given in the question, we get:
half-life = (ln(2)) / 0.45
This simplifies to:
half-life = 1.44 / 0.45
Which gives us a final result of:
half-life = 3.2 hours
So the half-life of compound A at 250°C is approximately 3.2 hours.
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This element forms a red solution when it complexes with thiocyanate, and although it is not aluminum, a chloride of this element catalyzes a Friedel-Crafts alkylation. The oxide of this element is used industrially to produce ammonia in the Haber-Bosch process, and this element exists in a solid solution with carbon in its gamma variety austenite. This element is derived from the ore hematite, and its brass-colored pyrite is commonly known as "fool's gold". For 10 points, name this transition metal with chemical symbol Fe.
Answers
Based on the cues Fe is nothing but ferric which is iron.An very crimson solution containing the ion [Fe (SCN) (H 2 O) 5] results when thiocyanate ions, SCN -, are added to a solution containing iron (III) ions, such as sodium, potassium, or ammonium thiocyanate solution. 2+
In the electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction known as "Friedel-Crafts alkylation," an alkyl substituent is attached to an aromatic ring (benzene). Lewis acids, such as AlCl3 and FeCl3, catalyze these reactions and aid in the production of carbocations from alkyl halides.
The solid phase of the Haber-Bosch Process is heterogeneous catalysis. Both hydrogen and nitrogen, the reactants, are gases. They are both poured into a vessel at a high temperature and extreme pressure in the presence of iron oxide.
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The energy distribution profile (Curve C) for the Y2 molecules is shown in the graph below forthe reaction X+yz_XY2 when it is done under certain experimental conditions Line A represents the most probable energy of the Y2 molecules; and Line B represents the activation energy Which of the following changes should be made to the graph to explain the increase in the rata of the reaction if tho only change in experimental conditions Is tho addltion of a catalyst? Linc A Llne B 1 Curve C Moladul nr Fnomy haCurve C will broaden and Line B will move to the left; because have an energy greater than the minimum more Y2 molecules wlll energy barrier energy needed to overcome the activation ninimeB will move to the left because a larger fraction of minimum energy to overcome the activatiog the Y2 molecules will have the C Curve C and Line A will move to the energy barrier: molecules will Increase; right because the average energy of the Y2 Dilline ^ will move to the right because will increase the most probable energy of the Y2 molecules
Answers
Because a greater proportion of the Y2Y2 molecules will have the required energy to break through the activation energy barrier, line B will shift to the left.
What is the name for molecules?Any group of atoms joined together by chemical bonds is referred to as a molecule. A molecule is created from any two atoms together. A compound is an organic molecule composed of atoms from several elements. Not all molecules are compounds, yet all molecules are compounds.
Why isn't salt a molecule?A substance like table salt (NaCl), which is formed of two different types of elements (sodium and chlorine), is a compound, but it is not a molecule since the connection that binds NaCl together is an ionic bond.
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4. Electrolysis (splitting) of water.
H2O →
Answers
Electrolysis of water produces hydrogen and oxygen gases as it's products.
What is electrolysis?
Electrolysis is defined as a process that makes of an electric current to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction. It is an important process for purification and extraction of metals from their ores.It makes use of an electrolytic cell in which two electrodes are present.
The two electrodes are the cathode and anode where reduction and oxidation reactions take place respectively.In the electrolysis of water hydrogen is collected at cathode and oxygen is collected at anode.
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To make oxygen free the copper is heated in an atmosphere of hydrogen.
Explain how this will remove the oxygen.
Answers
Answer:
When copper is heated in an atmosphere of hydrogen, the hydrogen gas can react with the oxygen present on the surface of the copper to form water. This reaction is known as reduction. The equation for this reaction is:
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
In this reaction, the oxygen atoms in the copper are reduced (i.e., they gain electrons) and the hydrogen atoms are oxidized (i.e., they lose electrons). As a result, the oxygen is removed from the surface of the copper, leaving it oxygen-free.
This process is often used to purify copper and remove impurities, such as oxygen, that may be present on the surface of the metal. It is also used to produce high-purity copper for use in electrical and electronic applications, where the presence of oxygen can affect the conductivity of the metal.
the addition of hbr to some alkenes gives a mixture of the expected alkyl bromide and an isomer formed by rearrangement outline the mechanism of formation and strcutres of products form the reaction of hbr with
Answers
Alkyl halides are produced by adding HBr to alkenes.The pi bond of the alkene functions as a weak nucleophile & reacts with electrophilic proton of HBr, which is a helpful way to conceptualize the reaction.
How intermediates are involved in the bromination or alkene and what is the reaction mechanism?A 3-membered ring intermediate is produced as a result of the alkene acting as a nucleophile in this reaction and attacking the electrophilic bromine.The carbon that is most capable of stabilizing positive charge then is attacked from of the back side [akin to a backside attack inside the SN2 Mechanism] to produce the trans product.
Which one of the following statements accurately describes how an alkene and HBr react when peroxide is present?The free-radical mechanism governs the addition reaction with HBr to an asymmetrical alkene inside the presence of peroxide.Here, an alkene interacts with a bromine radical to make an anti-Markovnikov product.
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Convert 6.75 cm to mm
Answers
Answer: 67.5
Explanation:
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