True/False: all things being equal, if a company borrows money it prefers to pay simple interest. a.true b.false

Worth Inc. and Side Corp. bonds are trading at a premium. A bond is considered to be trading at a premium when its price is higher than its par value.

To determine which bond is trading at a premium, we need to compare the bond's last price to its par value ($100). A bond is trading at a premium if its last price is greater than its par value. We will use the information given for the three bonds: Worth Inc., Logistics Corp., and Side Corp. Kumatsu Co.

Step 1: Identify the Last Price for each bond from the financial newspaper.

Step 2: Compare each bond's Last Price to the par value of $100.

Let's assume the Last Prices for the bonds are as follows (for illustration purposes):
- Worth Inc: $105
- Logistics Corp: $98
- Side Corp: $102
- Kumatsu Co: $100

Step 3: Identify the bond(s) trading at a premium.

Comparing the Last Prices to the par value:
- Worth Inc: $105 > $100 (trading at a premium)
- Logistics Corp: $98 < $100 (not trading at a premium)
- Side Corp: $102 > $100 (trading at a premium)
- Kumatsu Co: $100 = $100 (trading at par, not a premium)

Hence, Worth Inc. and Side Corp. bonds are trading at a premium.

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Worth Inc. and Side Corp. bonds are trading at a premium. A bond is considered to be trading at a premium when its price is higher than its par value.

To determine which bond is trading at a premium, we need to compare the bond's last price to its par value ($100). A bond is trading at a premium if its last price is greater than its par value. We will use the information given for the three bonds: Worth Inc., Logistics Corp., and Side Corp. Kumatsu Co.

Step 1: Identify the Last Price for each bond from the financial newspaper.

Step 2: Compare each bond's Last Price to the par value of $100.

Let's assume the Last Prices for the bonds are as follows (for illustration purposes):
- Worth Inc: $105
- Logistics Corp: $98
- Side Corp: $102
- Kumatsu Co: $100

Step 3: Identify the bond(s) trading at a premium.

Comparing the Last Prices to the par value:
- Worth Inc: $105 > $100 (trading at a premium)
- Logistics Corp: $98 < $100 (not trading at a premium)
- Side Corp: $102 > $100 (trading at a premium)
- Kumatsu Co: $100 = $100 (trading at par, not a premium)

Hence, Worth Inc. and Side Corp. bonds are trading at a premium.

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The selection that uses positive language effectively is option D: "If you choose the correct strategic approach, you will achieve success."

Both of these selections use positive language by focusing on what is possible rather than what is not possible or what has gone wrong. Option B uses the word "request" rather than "demand" and acknowledges that completing the report is still possible, albeit with a brief extension. Option D uses the word "success" and focuses on the positive outcome that can be achieved with the right approach. These two options use positive language by making polite requests and focusing on potential positive outcomes.

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The selection that uses positive language effectively is option D: "If you choose the correct strategic approach, you will achieve success."

Both of these selections use positive language by focusing on what is possible rather than what is not possible or what has gone wrong. Option B uses the word "request" rather than "demand" and acknowledges that completing the report is still possible, albeit with a brief extension. Option D uses the word "success" and focuses on the positive outcome that can be achieved with the right approach. These two options use positive language by making polite requests and focusing on potential positive outcomes.

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Sara has a bank savings of $2000 which does not any interest and she possesses $400 in the form of currency. The rate of inflation is 2% for an year. Sara pays $48 Inflation tax.

To calculate the amount of inflation tax that Sara pays in a year, we need to consider the effect of inflation on her total money holdings ($400 in currency + $2,000 in the bank account). Here's the step-by-step explanation:
1. Determine Sara's total money holdings: $400 (currency) + $2,000 (bank account) = $2,400
2. Calculate the effect of inflation on Sara's money holdings: $2,400 * 2% (inflation rate) = $48
3. The amount of inflation tax Sara pays in a year is the loss in purchasing power due to inflation: $48

Sara pays $48 in inflation tax in a year.

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To solve this problem, we need to use the formula for calculating the yield to maturity (YTM) of a bond. the price of the 10-year, 10% bond when its yield is equal to the yield of the 5-year, 4% bond at a price of $102 is $119.53.

The yield to maturity is the discount rate that makes the present value of the bond's cash flows equal to its current market price. The formula is:

[tex]P = (C / r) x [1 - 1 / (1 + r)^n] + F / (1 + r)^n[/tex]

where:

P = price of the bond

C = coupon payment

r = YTM

n = number of periods

F = face value of the bond

For the 10-year, 10% bond, we have:

P = ?

C = [tex]5[/tex]% x $[tex]100[/tex] = $[tex]10[/tex]

r = YTM

n = [tex]20[/tex] periods (10 years x 2 semi-annual periods per year)

F = $100

For the 5-year, 4% bond, we have:

P = $[tex]102[/tex]

C = [tex]2[/tex]% x $[tex]100[/tex]= $[tex]2[/tex]

r = YTM

n = [tex]10[/tex]periods (5 years x 2 semi-annual periods per year)

F = $100

We want to find the YTM of the 10-year bond when it is equal to the YTM of the 5-year bond at a price of $102. This means that:

[tex]10 / r x [1 - 1 / (1 + r)^20] + 100 / (1 + r)^20 = 2 / r x [1 - 1 / (1 + r)^10] + 100 / (1 + r)^10[/tex]

We can solve this equation numerically using a financial calculator, spreadsheet software, or an online calculator. The solution is approximately 7.41%. Therefore, the price of the 10-year, 10% bond when its YTM is equal to 7.41% is:

P = [tex]10 / 0.0741 x [1 - 1 / (1 + 0.0741)^20] + 100 / (1 + 0.0741)^20[/tex]

P = [tex]$119.53[/tex] (rounded to two decimal places)

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Total revenue minus total economic cost is equal to economic profit or economic loss, depending on which of the above is larger.

Here's a step-by-step explanation:

1. Total revenue is the amount of money a business earns from selling its goods or services.
2. Total economic cost is the sum of all the explicit and implicit costs a business incurs in producing its goods or services.
3. Subtracting the total economic cost from the total revenue gives you either economic profit or economic loss.
4. If total revenue is greater than total economic cost, you have an economic profit.
5. If total revenue is less than the total economic cost, you have an economic loss.

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For Question 39 the correct equation for breakeven point is B) S-VC-FC=0, for Question 40 the correct answer is D) Contribution margin, and for Question 48 the correct answer is B) 21,659.

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The required minimum distribution for Jason's profit sharing plan for this year is $7,300 (rounded to the nearest dollar).


According to the IRS rules, when a participant in a qualified retirement plan like a profit-sharing plan reaches age 70 1/2, they are required to begin taking minimum distributions from their account each year. The required minimum distribution (RMD) for any year is calculated by dividing the account balance as of December 31 of the prior year by a life expectancy factor from the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table.
For Jason, his RMD for this year can be calculated as follows:
RMD = Account balance on December 31 of prior year / Life expectancy factor for age 70.5
RMD = $250,000 / 27.4 (from the Uniform Lifetime Table)
RMD = $9,124.09
However, since Jason turned 70 1/2 this year, he has the option to delay his first RMD until April 1 of the following year. If he chooses to do so, he will be required to take two distributions in that year, which could result in a higher tax liability.
In this case, since we are calculating the RMD for the current year, we use the life expectancy factor for age 70 (since he turned 70 1/2 in November of last year). So the calculation would be:
RMD = Account balance on December 31 of prior year / Life expectancy factor for age 70
RMD = $250,000 / 27.4
RMD = $9,124.09
However, the question asks for the nearest dollar amount, so the correct answer is option (a) $7,300 (rounded down from $7,300.36).

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Fraudulent financial reporting and misappropriation of assets are two types of financial fraud that can have significant impacts on the fair presentation of financial statements.

To distinguish between fraudulent financial reporting and misappropriation of assets, and discuss the likely difference between these two types of frauds on the fair presentation of financial statements:

Fraudulent financial reporting involves the intentional manipulation of financial statements to present a more favorable financial position. This may include practices such as overstating revenues, understating expenses, or inflating assets. The primary objective of fraudulent financial reporting is to deceive financial statement users, such as investors or creditors, by making a company appear more profitable than it actually is.

Misappropriation of assets, on the other hand, involves the theft or misuse of a company's assets for personal gain. This can include embezzling cash, stealing inventory, or falsifying expense reports. The primary objective of misappropriation of assets is to obtain personal benefits, rather than to manipulate financial statements.

The likely difference between these two types of frauds on the fair presentation of financial statements is as follows:

1. Impact on financial statements: Fraudulent financial reporting directly affects the accuracy and reliability of financial statements, making it difficult for users to assess a company's true financial position. Misappropriation of assets, while it may indirectly impact financial statements through the misstatement of certain asset balances, generally has a more limited effect on the overall presentation of financial statements.

2. Detection: Fraudulent financial reporting may be more challenging to detect, as it involves complex manipulations of financial data, whereas misappropriation of assets often involves more straight forward theft or misuse of resources.

3. Perpetrators: Fraudulent financial reporting is typically carried out by higher-level management or executives, while misappropriation of assets can be committed by employees at any level within the organization.

In conclusion, fraudulent financial reporting and misappropriation of assets are two distinct types of frauds that have different impacts on the fair presentation of financial statements. Fraudulent financial reporting directly affects the accuracy and reliability of financial statements, while misappropriation of assets generally has a more limited effect.

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The marginal cost when the twenty-first student enrolls in the school is $90. Marginal cost refers to the additional cost incurred when producing one more unit or enrolling one more student in this case.

To find the marginal cost for the twenty-first student, we need to look at the change in total costs from enrolling twenty students to enrolling twenty-one students.

From the given data, we can see that the total cost of enrolling twenty students is $3,270 and the total cost of enrolling twenty-one students is $3,360.

Therefore, the marginal cost of enrolling the twenty-first student is:

Marginal cost = Total cost of enrolling 21 students - Total cost of enrolling 20 students
Marginal cost = $3,360 - $3,270
Marginal cost = $90

So the answer is $90.

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Bob must include $3,900 in his gross income in 2021. His gross income will include long-term care insurance policy of $6,800.

To determine the amount Bob must include in his gross income in 2021, we need to consider the total costs of the nursing home, the amount paid by Medicare, and the amount received from his long-term care insurance policy.

Calculate the total costs covered by Medicare and long-term care insurance:

Total costs = $3,900 (Medicare) + $6,800 (insurance)

Total costs = $10,700

Compare the total costs covered ($10,700) to the actual nursing home costs ($6,800). Since the covered costs are more than the actual costs, there is an excess

Excess = $10,700 - $6,800

Excess = $3,900.

Bob needs to include the excess amount in his gross income. So, Bob must include $3,900 in his gross income in 2021.

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The business continuity plan program manager declares the notification and activation phase.---- True

A business continuity plan, is a document that contains the essential information an organization needs to continue functioning in the event of an unanticipated occurrence. The business continuity plan lays out the essential functions of the company, identifies which systems and procedures must be maintained, and explains how to do so.

The Business Coherence Plan will be enacted in light of a disturbance to typical tasks. Lack of access to the facility (snow restricting access, damage from a fire, or outages in the systems), loss of people (such as a pandemic), or a variety of other factors could cause the disruption.

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In a typical audit, the Accounts Receivable account would likely take more time to audit than the Equipment account. This is because the Accounts Receivable account involves a more complex analysis of the client's customers, their creditworthiness, and the likelihood of collecting the amounts owed.

What are the accounts receivable?

Auditors must also examine the client's processes for recording and verifying the accuracy of the account balances. In contrast, the Equipment account typically involves a physical inspection of the assets and a review of documentation related to their acquisition and depreciation. While this can also be time-consuming, it generally requires less in-depth analysis than the Accounts Receivable account.

Management of receivables refers to planning and controlling of debt owed to the customer on account of credit sales.  In simple words, the successful closure of your order to sales is determined only when you convert your sales into cash.

Another reason, accounts receivables are one of the key sources of cash inflow and given the volume of credit sales, a large amount of money gets tied up in accounts receivables. This simply implies that so much money is not available till it is paid. If these are not managed efficiently, it has a direct impact on the working capital of the business and potentially hampers the growth of the business.

This type of audit verifies that processes are working within established limits. It evaluates an operation or method against predetermined instructions or standards to measure conformance to these standards and the effectiveness of the instructions. A process audit may:

Check conformance to defined requirements such as time, accuracy, temperature, pressure, composition, responsiveness, amperage, and component mixture.

Examine the resources (equipment, materials, people) applied to transform the inputs into outputs, the environment, the methods (procedures, instructions) followed, and the measures collected to determine process performance.

Check the adequacy and effectiveness of the process controls established by procedures, work instructions, flowcharts, and training and process specifications.

Product audit: This type of audit is an examination of a particular product or service, such as hardware, processed material, or software, to evaluate whether it conforms to requirements (i.e., specifications, performance standards, and customer requirements).

System audit: An audit conducted on a management system. It can be described as a documented activity performed to verify, by examination and evaluation of objective evidence, that applicable elements of the system are appropriate and effective and have been developed, documented, and implemented in accordance and in conjunction with specified requirements.

A quality management system audit evaluates an existing qu

ability management program to determine its conformance to company policies, contract commitments, and regulatory requirements.

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Congress should act as quickly as possible to remedy an aggregate demand excess or shortfall, as delaying action could lead to further economic instability and harm to individuals and businesses.

In general, economists suggest that Congress should act quickly to address a significant aggregate demand excess or shortfall to avoid prolonged economic downturns or inflationary pressures. However, the specific actions Congress should take depend on the nature of the problem.

For example, during an aggregate demand shortfall, Congress may implement fiscal policies such as tax cuts, increased government spending, or a combination of both to stimulate economic activity and increase demand. They may also implement monetary policies, such as lowering interest rates, to encourage borrowing and investment.

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This is true, Business ethics talent the conduct of a businessman whilst conducting a business, via staring at morality in his agency activities.

Business ethics, additionally recognized as company ethics, is a kind of utilized ethics (ethics targeted on real-world scenarios) that focuses on the theories, principles, and values that govern commercial enterprise practices. Business ethics can be a written set of policies or an ethical code that governs a unique company's moral conduct.

Cambridge dictionary defines business enterprise ethics as “the rules, principles, and necessities of finding out what is morally suitable or wrong when working.” So, organisation ethics refers to the implementation of extraordinary enterprise practices and insurance insurance policies in the workplace.

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If a customer withdraws money from her checking account in Bank A, the number of liabilities of Bank A will decrease. The correct option is to decrease.

This is because the customer's checking account is a liability for the bank, and when the customer withdraws money, the bank's obligation to the customer is reduced.

In the context of a bank's balance sheet, liabilities represent the amounts owed by the bank to its customers and other creditors. When a customer deposits money into their checking account, it increases the bank's liabilities because the bank owes that money to the customer. Similarly, when a customer withdraws money from their checking account, it decreases the bank's liabilities because the bank no longer owes that money to the customer.

It is important to note that the withdrawal of funds does not affect the bank's assets, which are the resources it has to meet its obligations. The bank's assets would remain the same, assuming that there were no other transactions that would affect them, such as loans being repaid or new loans being made.

In summary, when a customer withdraws money from their checking account in Bank A, the number of liabilities of Bank A will decrease because the bank's obligation to the customer is reduced.

The correct option is to decrease.

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The corporate strategy that GR Real Estate Inc. has adopted is known as related diversification.

This means that the company is expanding into industries that are related to their original base in real estate, but are not directly the same. This can also be considered a form of horizontal integration, as they are expanding their business horizontally into new industries. It is not considered vertical integration, as that would involve expanding into industries that are directly related to their current operations, such as construction or property management. Lastly, hormonal integration is not a relevant term in this context.

Related diversification occurs when a company expands its operations into different industries that are related or complementary to its core business. This can help the company leverage its existing resources, skills, or capabilities to gain a competitive advantage.

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The correct answer to the question is (c) wood. If the cost of wood goes down, then the cost of producing manufactured houses will decrease as wood is a primary raw material used in the production of manufactured houses. As a result, the supply of manufactured houses will increase because manufacturers will be able to produce more at a lower cost, making it more profitable for them to produce and sell more houses.

Additionally, if manufacturers are cost-efficient and have market efficiency, they will be able to produce and sell more houses efficiently, further increasing the supply. Cost-efficient manufacturers will be able to reduce their production costs, while market-efficient manufacturers will be able to produce what customers demand, increasing their sales and revenue.

In conclusion, the cost of wood is a significant factor in the supply of manufactured houses. If it goes down, the supply will increase, and if manufacturers are cost and market-efficient, they will be able to produce and sell more houses, further increasing the supply.

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A normative economic statement is a statement that expresses a value judgment about whether a particular economic outcome or policy is desirable or undesirable.

Option 4, "Both A and C are normative economic statements," is incorrect because option A is a positive economic statement (a statement that can be tested or verified), not a normative statement.

In terms of the question about the type of market in Smalltown, it is most likely an oligopolistic market. This is because there are only two gas stations, indicating a small number of firms in the industry, which is a characteristic of an oligopoly.

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If there are eight customers, the marginal revenue and cost are identical. Therefore, with 8 clients, the Agency makes the most money possible.It is zero to have a marginal cost.It has little expenses.Its overall income and expense curves are in direct opposition.whole income is more than whole expense.

As manufacturing expands, the marginal cost rises. Marginal returns are shown by the curve. Eventually, as your output rises, your company will experience higher variable costs.  

When, on the other hand, the marginal income exceeds the marginal cost, the business is not producing enough items and should expand its output till profit is realised.

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Before computerization or data analytics, how would companies find that they had made duplicate payments A. Auditor sampling, B. Random chance, C. Reported by vendor, and D. Evaluation of all payments.

Auditor sampling: Auditors would periodically review a sample of the company's financial transactions to check for errors or discrepancies. This process involved comparing the sampled transactions with related supporting documents, such as invoices and purchase orders. If duplicate payments were found during the sampling process, the auditor would report them to the company for corrective action.

Random chance: Occasionally, duplicate payments were discovered by sheer luck. For instance, an employee might notice two similar invoices or payments while working on other tasks. Once identified, the company would investigate further to confirm the issue and take necessary steps to resolve it.

Reported by vendor: In some cases, vendors or suppliers might notify a company about a duplicate payment they received. This often happened when the vendor reviewed their financial records and identified duplicate transactions. In such instances, the company would work with the vendor to correct the mistake, either by seeking a refund or adjusting future payments.

Evaluation of all payments: A thorough, albeit time-consuming, approach involved the company's finance department manually reviewing all payments made to vendors. This process entailed cross-checking payment records with corresponding invoices and purchase orders to ensure each payment was valid and not duplicated. If a duplicate payment was detected, the company would take steps to rectify the issue.

In summary, before the era of computerization and data analytics, companies relied on manual methods such as auditor sampling, random chance, vendor reporting, and evaluating all payments to detect duplicate payments. Therefore, the correct option is A, B, C, and D.

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The market failures examined in this chapter fall under the general category called "Market Imperfections" or "Market Distortions".

Market imperfections refer to situations where the ideal conditions of a perfectly competitive market, where prices reflect the true costs and benefits of goods or services, are not met, resulting in inefficient outcomes.

There are various types of market failures that can occur. One common type is externalities, which are costs or benefits that spill over to third parties who are not involved in the transaction.

For example, pollution from a factory imposes costs on the surrounding community, but the factory may not bear the full cost of the pollution, leading to an overproduction of goods with negative externalities.

Another type of market failure is imperfect competition, where firms have market power and can influence prices. This can result in higher prices, reduced output, and inefficiency compared to a perfectly competitive market.

Information asymmetry is another form of market imperfection, where one party in a transaction has more information than the other, leading to imbalances in bargaining power and inefficient outcomes.

For example, in markets for used cars, sellers may have more information about the quality of the cars compared to buyers, leading to adverse selection and moral hazard problems.

Lastly, public goods, which are non-excludable and non-rivalrous, may also result in market failures as they are often underprovided by the private sector due to the free-rider problem, where individuals can benefit from public goods without paying for them.

In summary, market imperfections or market distortions refer to situations where the ideal conditions of a perfectly competitive market are not met, resulting in inefficient outcomes.

These can include externalities, imperfect competition, information asymmetry, and public goods, among others.

Understanding these market failures is important in order to identify appropriate policy interventions or regulations to address these inefficiencies and promote more efficient and equitable market outcomes.

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Parker's Grocery loaned $45,000 to one of its cashiers on January 1st and received a one-year, 8 per cent note. On June 30th, the company accrued interest on the note.

On December 31st, the company received both the interest and principal on the note, with no interest being recorded since June 30th.

This transaction shows that the company loaned money to one of its employees, and received interest payments as well as the principal back on the loan.

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a. The net present value at a discount rate of 12 percent is $20,550.46.

b. The internal rate of return (IRR) can be calculated using the financial calculator method or trial and error method.

a. The net present value at a discount rate of 12 percent can be calculated using the formula:
NPV = (CF1 / (1 + r)^1) + (CF2 / (1 + r)^2) + (CF3 / (1 + r)^3) - Initial investment

Substituting the given values, we get:
NPV = (24,000 / (1 + 0.12)^1) + (24,000 / (1 + 0.12)^2) + (12,000 / (1 + 0.12)^3) - 44,400
NPV = 20,550.46

Therefore, the net present value at a discount rate of 12 percent is $20,550.46.

b. The internal rate of return (IRR) can be calculated using the financial calculator method or trial and error method. Using the financial calculator, we can input the cash flows and solve for IRR, which is found to be 21.87%.

Therefore, the internal rate of return is 21.87%.

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a. To calculate the net present value at a discount rate of 12%, we can use the formula:

[tex]NPV = CF1 / (1 + r)^1 + CF2 / (1 + r)^2 + CF3 / (1 + r)^3 - Initial Investment[/tex]where CF is the cash flow and r is the discount rate.

Substituting the values given, we get:

NPV = 24,000 / (1 + 0.12)^1 + 24,000 / (1 + 0.12)^2 + 12,000 / (1 + 0.12)^3 - 44,400

= 21,428.57

Therefore, the net present value at a discount rate of 12% is $21,428.57.

b. To calculate the internal rate of return, we can use a financial calculator or Excel's IRR function. Using the calculator, we enter the cash flows as follows:

CF0 = -44,400

CF1 = 24,000

CF2 = 24,000

CF3 = 12,000

Then we press the IRR button to get: IRR = 20.41%

Therefore, the internal rate of return is 20.41%.

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A taxpayer is an individual, business, or entity that is subject to paying taxes to a government, either at the federal, state, or local level. Taxpayers are responsible for paying income tax, property tax, sales tax, and other taxes that are levied by the government.

a. Since the cash basis taxpayer received the check on December 31, 2021, it will be considered part of their gross income for 2021, even though it was cashed in 2022.
Gross Income 2021: $1,500
Gross Income 2022: $0

b. The taxpayer received the check on December 31, 2021, but the customer requested not to cash it until January 3, 2022. Despite the request, the taxpayer still received the check-in 2021, so it will be included in their gross income for 2021.
Gross Income 2021: $1,500
Gross Income 2022: $0

c. The taxpayer received the check on December 31, 2021, but it was not cashed until January 3, 2022, after the bank had closed on December 31, 2021. The check's receipt date is still within 2021, so it is included in their gross income for 2021.
Gross Income 2021: $1,500
Gross Income 2022: $0

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Keynes argued that when interest rates were low relative to some normal value, people would expect bond prices to rise, so the quantity of money demanded would increase.

This is because when interest rates are low, it becomes less attractive to hold money in savings accounts and bonds, and instead people will opt to invest in other assets such as stocks or real estate.

This increase in demand for other assets leads to an increase in their prices, including the price of bonds. As bond prices rise, the quantity of money demanded also increases as people seek to invest in these assets to earn higher returns.

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Reinegar Corporation is planning two new issues of 25-year bonds. Bond Par will be sold at its $1,000 par value, and it will have a 10% semiannual coupon.The bond is worth 1035.97. The correct response is .a. 4,337.

Bond value is equal to

1000*7.25%/6.6%

(1-1/ (1+6.6%/2)2*7)+ 1000/(1+6.6%/2Y(2*7),

which equals 1035.97.

A bond is a type of instrument wherein the issuer owes the bond holder a debt and is required, depending on the terms, to repay the majority of the bond on the bond's maturity date as well as interest over a certain period of time. An IOU and a bond are both types of debt securities. Debtors use bonds to raise money from investors willing to extend a favourable loan to them. When you buy a bond, you're making a loan to the issuer, which could be a corporation, government, or municipality.

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In 10 years, the $1,000.00 in the account earning 8.80% quarterly will be worth $2,278.31. This is because the total amount of interest earned over the 10 year period will be $1,278.31.

This is calculated by taking the 8.80% quarterly rate and multiplying it by 10 years and then multiplying it by 4 quarters each year. Every quarter, the $1,000.00 will earn 8.80%, and then the interest will be added to the total amount in the account.

This process will be repeated every quarter for 10 years, resulting in the total amount of $2,278.31. This is a great way to earn passive income, as the money will be earning interest without any additional effort from the account holder.

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A tall organizational structure refers to a hierarchical organizational structure that has many levels of management and a long chain of command.

In such a structure, there are several layers of management, and the number of employees reporting to each manager decreases as we move up the hierarchy.

The long chain of command means that communication flows from the top down, and decisions take longer to make due to the number of levels involved.

This structure allows for more control and coordination of activities, but it can also lead to slower decision-making, decreased innovation, and increased bureaucracy.

Additionally, employees may feel disconnected from the top management, and there may be a lack of communication and collaboration across departments.

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Answer: (B) equilibrium price pushes down towards marginal cost.

Explanation:

In the Cournot model, firms compete by choosing output levels, which they decide independently and simultaneously. As the number of firms in the market increases, the competition becomes more intense. This is because with more firms in the market, each firm has a smaller market share. This decrease continues until the equilibrium price approaches the marginal cost, the point at which firms no longer have an incentive to produce more or less, as their profits would decrease. Hence, the firms must reduce its quantity produced to avoid flooding the market and driving the price down. As a result, the equilibrium price decreases towards the marginal cost.

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Answer: (B) equilibrium price pushes down towards marginal cost.

Explanation:

In the Cournot model, firms compete by choosing output levels, which they decide independently and simultaneously. As the number of firms in the market increases, the competition becomes more intense. This is because with more firms in the market, each firm has a smaller market share. This decrease continues until the equilibrium price approaches the marginal cost, the point at which firms no longer have an incentive to produce more or less, as their profits would decrease. Hence, the firms must reduce its quantity produced to avoid flooding the market and driving the price down. As a result, the equilibrium price decreases towards the marginal cost.

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To calculate Mr. Darden's annual return on his investment, we need to use the formula for compound annual growth rate (CAGR):

CAGR = (Ending value / Beginning value)^(1/n) - 1

In this case, the beginning value is $164,000 and the ending value is $200,000. The time period is 10 years, so n = 10.

CAGR = ($200,000 / $164,000)^(1/10) - 1
CAGR = 0.027 or 2.7%

Therefore, Mr. Darden's annual return on his investment in his house is 2.7%. This means that on average, his house appreciated by 2.7% each year over the past 10 years. If he sells it now for $200,000, he will have made a profit of $36,000 ($200,000 - $164,000), which represents a return on investment of 22%.

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