Answer:
the observations that chloroplasts and mitochondria resemble bacteria
Explanation:
The Endosymbiotic Theory is a theory that enables us to understand the origin of eukaryotic cells. The Endosymbiotic Theory posits that the mitochondria and chloroplast, which are organelles found in the eukaryotic cells, were once prokaryotic microbes that were first ingested by amoeba-like organisms and subsequently evolved by developing a symbiotic relationship with them. Some of the most important lines of evidence that supports this theory are: 1-chloroplasts and mitochondria resemble prokaryotic cells, i.e., they have a similar size, replicate by binary fission and there are unicellular eukaryotic protists that have filamentous temperature-sensitive proteins at their division plane (similarly to bacteria), and 2- chloroplasts and mitochondria are organelles with their own DNA and their own ribosomes (which are similar to those of bacteria).
Answer:
the observations that chloroplasts and mitochondria resemble bacteria
Explanation:
Replication. Mitochondria and chloroplasts make more of themselves in much the same way as bacteria reproduce. ... Like bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts grow in size, duplicate their DNA and other structures, and then divide into two identical organelles.
How do the structures of the alveoli and capillaries support the function of
gas exchange?
Keratinase is an enzyme produced by dermatophytes. Which organs in the body would these pathogenic fungi tend to proliferate in, and why
Answer:
The keratin-producing cells known as keratinocytes are the primary type of cells found in the epidermis. They originate from the stratum basale's stem cells. They act as a barrier from harmful environmental elements like pathogens and ultraviolet radiation. Dermatophytes are a group of physiologically and morphologically associated molds, which release an enzyme keratinase.
Keratinases are the serine proteases that destroy the keratin found in skin, nails, and hair.
The dermatophytes lead to infections of the hair, skin, and nails, as they obtain nutrients from the keratinized substances. These pathogenic fungi are most actively found in the external cornified layers of the cells of dead skin were they less likely to get determined and eliminated by the active dendritic cells.
Imagine you are a plant breeder. Friends sent you two different varieties of a snapdragon flower; each have golden leaves rather than green leaves. (Wild-type snapdragon plants have green leaves.) A cross between the two different varieties of golden snapdragons always produces progeny that have green leaves. This is an example of:
Answer:
Complementation.
Explanation:
Genetics can be defined as the scientific study of hereditary in living organisms such as humans, animals and plants.
A trait refers to the specific features or characteristics possessed by a living organism. It is essentially transferred from the parent of a living organism to her offspring and as such distinguishes him or her. Some examples of traits in genetics are colorblindness, handedness, curly hair, height, complexion, weight, hair color, dimples, tongue-roll, etc.
Artificial selection is also known as selective breeding and it is a process that involves humans (breeders) selecting the animal or plant with desirable traits in order to reproduce favorable offspring having phenotypic traits.
Complementation can be defined as a relationship between two strains of a living organism both having distinct homo-zygous recessive mutations and results in the expression of a wild-type phenotype when crossed or mated.
In this scenario, there are two different varieties of a snapdragon flower having golden leaves rather than green leaves. Thus, crossing two different varieties of golden snapdragons would produce offsprings that have green leaves.
Hence, the above breeding is an example of complementation.
True or false
help! 15point n marked as a brainlist
write a paragraph summary about the differences between amphibians and mammals (humans).
Answer:
Mammals give birth to live young, whereas the birth of amphibians takes place externally. Mammals are warm-blooded, while amphibians are cold-blooded. Mammals can live in all habitats, unlike amphibians, and have muted colors. Some amphibians can regenerate their limbs.
Movement of the lithospheric plate
Answer:
Movement of the lithospheric plate
The movement of lithospheric plates is known as the plate tectonics, this was a theory before but now it is widely accepted as true and actually happening around the planet.
These movements in the lithospheric plates of the planet, is the reason why the planet looks like what it is today. The continents, countries and all land formations and underwater features are products of plate tectonics.
#CarryOnLearning
Answer:
Explanation:
Movement of the lithospheric plate is a major topic in the theory of plate tectonics. the motions of two plates against each other can cause subduction of plates, volcanoes to form and earthquakes to happen.
3. If you were looking at a cell that had all of its chromosomes lined up down the middle of
the cell, what phase must it be in?
1. Telophase
2. Prophase
3. Metaphase
4. Anaphas
Answer:
3. Metaphase
Explanation:
Metaphase is the stage in the cell cycle where the chromosomes line up in a line down the middle of the cell (some people call it the metaphase plate).
The way I like to remember it is: Metaphase is in the Middle.
I hope this helps! :D
Answer:
I'm sorry hindi ko po alam
Write a note based on the types of energy sources and carbon sources of a specific soil
Answer:
The primary sources of energy in the environment include fuels like coal, oil, natural gas, uranium, and biomass. All primary source fuels except biomass are non- renewable. Primary sources also include renewable sources such as sunlight, wind, moving water, and geothermal energy. Energy is the capacity of a physical system to perform work. Energy exists in several forms such as heat , kinetic or mechanical energy, light, potential energy , electrical, or other forms. Energy is the ability to do work. Energy sources could be classified as Renewable and Non-renewable. There are five major renewable energy sources
Solar energy from the sun.
Geothermal energy from heat inside the earth.
Wind energy.
Biomass from plants.
Hydropower from flowing water.
Different Sources of Energy
Soar Energy. The primary source of energy is the sun.
Wind Energy. Wind power is becoming more and more common
Geothermal Energy. Source: Canva
Hydrogen Energy
Tidal Energy
Wave Energy
Hydroelectric Energy
Biomass Energy
Hope this helps Have a good day
tall heterozygous pea plants were crossed and the resulting seeds grown. Out of 360 plants, 270 were tall and 90 dwarf. What describes the expected genotype resulting from the cross
Answer:
This question lacks options, the options are:
A. All 270 tall plants were heterozygous
B. All 270 tall plants were homzygous.
C. Only 90 plants were homzygous.
D. All dwarf plants were homzygous.
The answer is D.
Explanation:
This question involves a single gene coding for height in pea plants. The allele for tallness (T) is dominant over that of dwarfness (t). This means that a dwarf plant can only be homzygous recessive (tt) while a tall plant can either be homzygous (TT) or heterozygous (Tt).
According to the question, two tall heterozygous pea plants were crossed i.e. Tt × Tt. Based on this cross, a phenotypic ratio of 3:1 is expected, which is in accordance with the 270 tall plants and 90 dwarf plants (360 total) that was obtained in the cross. Since dwarfism in pea plants is a recessive trait, this means that all the dwarf plants produced in this cross (90) were homzygous (tt).
The expected genotype resulting from the cross was that all dwarf plants were purebreed.
So, according to the given information, there is a cross between Tt × Tt. A phenotypic ratio of 3:1 is desired, which is in accord with the 270 tall plants and 90 dwarf plants (360 total) that were got in the cross.
Since dwarfism in pea plants is a different feature, this means that all the dwarf plants produced in this cross (90) were (tt).
What are the 3 principles of Mendelian genetics?
The fundamental principles of Mendelian inheritance by Mendel's three laws:
The Law of Independent Assortment,Law of Dominance, andLaw of SegregationThus, the cross was that all dwarf plants were purebreed.
To learn more about Mendelian genetics click here:
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Questions 1-9 of 9 Page 1 of 1
Question 1 point)
1. The arctic tundra is a tragile ecosystem. Use the pictures and descriptions in section 2 to answer the following:
Based on your observations of the ecosystem, which of the following characteristics is TRUE about the fragile tundra
ecosystem?
Answer please
This question is incomplete because the images a section 2 are not given. I searched for the complete question but could not find it. However, based on my knowledge and the characteristics of the tundra this is the answer.
The correct answer is C. The climate is harsh, which limits the number of species that can live there.
Explanation
The tundra is the name of an ecosystem that occupies a fifth of the earth's surface, mainly in the northern hemisphere, this is characterized by having a frozen subsoil that limits the emergence and growth of natural vegetation and trees. This ecosystem is the coldest on the planet due to its location near the poles, its landscape is characterized by a layer of snow that covers most of the ground. In addition, the climatic conditions are extreme, which limits the number of plant and animal species that can live there. According to the above, the correct answer is C. The climate is harsh, which limits the number of species that can live there.
pls help
Identify the organelle that packages and secretes proteins and membrane parts
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondria
C.Golgi Apparatus
D.Cell Membrane
Hunter is on a waiting list for a kidney transplant after his kidneys shut down and he went into renal failure. What can help keep Hunter alive by filtering his blood until he receives his transplant? chemotherapy antibiotics dialysis ultrasounds
Answer: C: dialysis
Explanation:
c. dialysis
Answer:
c
Explanation:
How many molecules are in 3Hg(SO)4
Answer:
1.806 × 10²⁴ molecules
Explanation:
From the chemical compound given in this question, there are 3 moles of Hg(SO)4.
To calculate the number of molecules in 3 moles of Hg(SO)4, we multiply the number of moles by Avagadro number (6.02 × 10²³)
number of molecules = 3 × 6.02 × 10²³
= 18.06 × 10²³
= 1.806 × 10²⁴ molecules
Identify the organelle that regulates cell function and contain the DNA?
A. nucleus
B. Mitochondria
C. golgi apparatus
D. cell membrane
Answer:
A. nucleus
Explanation:
The nucleus is particularly among the eukaryotic organelles because it is the location of the cell DNA two other critical organelles are mithochondrua and chloroplast ,which play important role in energy conversation and are through to their evolutionary origin as simple single called organism
Dr. Nachman and his colleagues collected rock pocket mice across 35 kilometers of the Arizona Sonoran Desert, which included both dark, rocky lava outcrops and light, rocky, granite areas. They recorded substrate color, and coat-color frequencies for each location. Each site was separated from any of the others by at least eight kilometers. The researchers trapped a total of 275 mice. Their data are summarized below:
Collecting Site Substrate Color Number of Mice Phenotype
Light Dark
1 Dark 22 3 19
2 Light 80 74 6
3 Light 22 19 3
4 Dark 28 3 25
5 Light 58 25 33
6 Dark 65 9 56
Required:
a. Calculate the overall frequencies of light-colored mice and dark-colored mice caught on light-colored substrates.
b. Calculate the overall frequencies of light-colored mice and dark-colored mice caught on dark-colored substrates.
c. Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation and data from the table above, determine the frequency of the three genotypes on the light, rocky, granite substrate. For genotype frequencies use three decimal places and for calculations using the allele frequencies, you must round the allele frequencies to two decimal places.
Complete question
Dr. Nachman and his colleagues collected rock pocket mice across 35 kilometers of the Arizona Sonoran Desert, which included both dark, rocky lava outcrops and light, rocky, granite areas. They recorded substrate color, and coat-color frequencies for each location. Each site was separated from any of the others by at least eight kilometers. The researchers trapped a total of 275 mice. Their data are summarized below (numbers have been slightly modified for the purposes of this worksheet).
Field Data Summary
Collecting Site Substrate Color Number of Mice Phenotype Light Dark
1 Dark 22 3 19
2 Light 80 74 6
3 Light 22 19 3
4 Dark 28 3 25
5 Light 58 25 33
6 Dark 65 9 56
1. Calculate the overall frequencies of light-colored mice and dark-colored mice caught on light-colored substrates. [to 3 decimal places]
2. Calculate the overall frequencies of light-colored mice and dark-colored mice caught on dark-colored substrates. (to 3 decimal places)
3. Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation and data from the table above, determine the frequency of the three genotypes on the light, rocky, granite substrate. For genotype frequencies use three decimal places and for calculations using the allele frequencies, you must round the allele frequencies to two decimal places.
4. Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation and data from the table above, determine the frequency of the three genotypes on the dark, rocky lava substrate. (to 3 decimals). For genotype frequencies use three decimal places and for calculations using the allele frequencies, you must round the allele frequencies to two decimal places.
5. Which fur color seems to have the greatest overall selective advantage? Use data collected from both dark-colored and light- colored substrates to support your answer.
6.What environmental change gave a selective advantage for one coat color over another?
7. In a separate study, 76 rock pocket mice were collected from four different, widely separated areas of dark lava rock. One collecting site was in Arizona. The other three were in New Mexico. Dr. Nachman and colleagues observed no significant differences in the color of the rocks in the four locations sampled. However, the dark-colored mice from the three New Mexico locations were slightly darker than the dark-colored mice from the Arizona population. The entire Mc1r gene was sequenced in all 76 of the mice collected. The mutations responsible for the dark fur color in the Arizona mice were absent from the three different populations of New Mexico mice. No Mc1r mutations were associated with dark fur color in the New Mexico populations. These findings suggest that adaptive dark coloration has occurred at least twice in the rock pocket mouse and that these similar phenotypic changes have different genetic bases. How does this study support the concept that natural selection is not random?
8. To determine if the rock pocket mouse population is evolving, explain why it is necessary to collect fur color frequency data over a period of many years.
Answer:
1)
frequencies of light-colored mice ≅ 0.74 frequencies of dark-colored mice ≅ 0.262)
frequencies of light-colored mice ≅ 0.13 frequencies of dark-colored mice ≅ 0.873)
p² ≅ 0.02 q² ≅ 0.74 2pq ≅ 0.244)
q² = 0.13 p² = 0.4 2pq = 0.465) The dark-colored fur seems to have the greatest overall selective advantage
6) Dark lava changed the color of the substrate, from light to dark.
7) Because to produce dark color, animals from the different regions suffered different mutations that drove them to have almost the same dark fur color.
8) To see if the mice population is evolving. If it is, there will be a change in the allelic and genotypic frequencies over the years. If it is not evolving, the frequencies will keep equal through the years.
Explanation:
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation in the attached files
Which factors can lead to a mass movement?
Answer:
Such factors include: weathering or erosional debris cover on slopes, which is usually liable to mass movement; the character and structure of rocks, such as resistant permeable beds prone to sliding because of underlying impermeable rocks; the removal of the vegetation cover, which increases the slope's susceptibility ..
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
Weathering or erosional debris cover on slopes, which is usually liable to mass movement; the character and structure of rocks, such as resistant permeable beds prone to sliding because of underlying impermeable rocks; the removal of the vegetation cover, which increases the slope's susceptibility
what are the causes and effects of disasters in schools
Answer:
Disasters can affect children through many interrelated pathways. First, they cause direct physical harm. A disaster can damage schools and health-care facilities, thus interrupting education and reducing the availability of medical care.
here's your answer..
Which of the following is NOT associated with Okazaki fragments?
A.
lagging strand
B.
ligase
C.
bases added to the 3’ end
D.
continuous replication
E.
DNA polymerase III
Answer:
The correct answer is - D. continuous replication.
Explanation:
Okazaki fragments are short DNA sequences synthesized in the lagging strand as DNA polymerase enzyme is able to synthesize only from 5' to 3' so nucleotide can not bind on 5' end but only 3' end and the DNA strands are antiparallel.
They are short fragments of DNA synthesized from RNA primers on the lagging strand and combined by the ligase enzyme. Okazaki fragments show a discontinuous manner in the synthesis of DNA.
The correct answer is D. continuous replication as they don't have it.
Okazaki fragments are brief DNA sequences synthesized withinside the lagging strand as DNA polymerase enzyme is capable of synthesizing simplest from 5' to 3^ high SO nucleotide can't bind on 5' cease however simplest 3' cease and the DNA strands are antiparallel.
They are brief fragments of DNA synthesized from RNA primers at the lagging strand and blended via way of means of the ligase enzyme. Okazaki fragments display a discontinuous way withinside the synthesis of DNA.
What are Okazaki fragments?Okazaki fragments are small sections of DNA that might be fashioned all through the discontinuous synthesis of the lagging strand all through DNA replication. They are essential due to the fact they permit each daughter strand to be synthesized, which is vital for molecular division.
Thus it is clear thsat Okazaki fragments are not associated with continuous replication.
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What is a complete offspring
The product of the reproductive processes of an animal or plant : young, progeny The disease can be transmitted from parent to offspring. b : child a mother of numerous offspring.
Schools almost over, good luck!!
Answer:
Offspring is defined as a human child or animal child, or the children of a family for many years. An example of an offspring is the cub of two lions at the zoo. An example of offspring is how a father refers to all his descendants. The definition of an offspring is a result.
Explanation:
hope this helps
As matter is recycled in our ecosystems, is lost. A. oxygen B. nitrogen C. carbon D. heat energy
d. heat energy
Explanation:
the rest minerals are all not lost , i guess
PLS HELP THE DUE DATE IS TOMORROW AND I CHOOSE AN URBAN CITY
Answer:
1, 2, the last one
name two ways in which roundworms are anatomically similar to arthropods
alcium is released and sequestered differently in Skeletal and Cardiac muscles. Why are the differences important physiologically in relation to the purpose of those types of muscles
Answer:
Calcium is an essential ion as it required in the contraction of both cardiac and skeletal muscles. The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores these ions that are pumped by calcium pumps and released when contraction and functioning of these muscles. It binds to troponin and altered the change of shape and prevents tropomyosin from the site of the binding.
In case of cardiac muscle, the coupling Ca2+ is from its contact with extracellular concentration of Ca2+. When the calcium is released in the skeletal muscle it leads to the interaction between the actin and myosin. The binding sites of the myosin is exposed that bind and forms cross bridges with actin and hence helps in the contraction of the muscle. With the calcium induced calcium release, it helps in the contraction of the cardiac muscle. As the calcium is released it leads to initiation of the smooth muscle contraction in the cardiac muscle through binding of calmodulin and leads to activation of the myosin light chain kinase enzyme. There are receptors for the Calcium induced calcium release within the cardiac cells called as cardiomyocyte that binds to the calcium during depolarization and hence releases more calcium ions within the cells.
Brian indicates that the mutation is in a gene found in the mitochondrial DNA. What does Brian mean by that and why did he signify mitochondrial DNA
Answer:
Change occur in the genetic makeup.
Explanation:
Brian means that the change occur in the genetic makeup of the mitochondrial DNA that change the structure as well as the function ability of mitochondria which is responsible for the generation of energy for the cell. The mitochondrial DNA are passed from mother to offspring through the egg cell. He signify mitochondrial DNA because the change occur only in the mitochondrial DNA not in the whole organism's DNA.
Brian indicates that the mutation is in a gene found in mitochondrial DNA. What Brian means by this is that mitochondria contain a single circular chromosome that encodes 13 proteins, and that may be due to abnormalities of mitochondrial DNA, to understand better we need.......
Abnormalities in mitochondrial DNAEach cell has several hundred mitochondria in its cytoplasm. Mitochondria contain a single circular chromosome that encodes 13 proteins, several ribonucleic acids (RNA, ribonucleic acid) and several regulatory enzymes. However, > 90% of mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes. For practical purposes, it is assumed that all mitochondria are inherited from the cytoplasm of the egg, so mitochondrial DNA comes only from the mother.
Mitochondrial diseases can result from abnormalities of mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA (eg, deletions, duplications, mutations). Tissues with high energy production (eg, muscle, heart, and brain) are at particular risk of dysfunction due to mitochondrial abnormalities. Specific abnormalities in mitochondrial DNA result in characteristic manifestations. Mitochondrial diseases are equally common in men and women.
With this information, we can say that mitochondria have DNA and can undergo mutations, which can cause abnormalities in this DNA.
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The North Slope of Alaska has concentrations of air pollutants comparable to the air pollutant concentration of some major cities on the east coast of the United States because
Answer:
pollutants are transported by are from Eurasia
Explanation:
Two polypeptides, X and Y, have similar tertiary structures. X normally exists as a monomer while Y exists as a tetramer, Y4. What differences might be expected in the amino acid composition of X versus Y
Answer:
Due to number of amino acids.
Explanation:
The main differences might be expected in the amino acid composition of X versus Y because the X polypeptide is made up of one smaller unit of amino acid while on the other hand, Y polypeptide is made up of four smaller units of amino acids. The name of X is monomer which means composed of one amino acids while Y exists as a tetramer which means it has four amino acids. So we can conclude that the main difference between X and Y is the presence of number of amino acids.
Amino acids are organic compounds that are formed of amino, carboxylic and a side group. They bond to form protein structures.
The amino acids fold in various structures like primary, secondary, tertiary etc. The basic contrast in an amino acid arrangement of polypeptide X and Y is that the X is made of small units while Y is made of larger units.
X polypeptide is a monomer that is it only has one unit of amino acid while Y is a tetramer that is it has four-unit of amino acids.
Therefore, the number of amino acids is the main distinction between X and Y tertiary structures.
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What are the reasons why people are challenging the relevance of the Voting Rights Act today? Do you agree or disagree with these reasons?
Which properties of water are most responsible for the capillary action in plants?
Answer:
The property of "cohesion forces" of the water makes them responsible for the capillary action in the plants.
Explanation:
Water molecules in the soil get pulled into the plant through roots and travel over the vessels and tubes in the stem to various parts of the plant. Leave surface have small pores, named as stomata or guard cells that will help in transpiration or evaporation. This process of transpiration will help the ground water to travel opposite to the gravity and travel all parts of the plant body carrying minerals and essential food particles.
What is the complementary DNA strand from the following DNA template GGTACTAGCCATATCG
Answer:
CCATGATCGGTATAGC
Explanation:
A pairs with T
C pairs with G
which of the following occurs during the process of asexual reproduction
Mitosis only
meiosis only
Mitosis and meiosis
none of the these
Answer:
Explanation:
Reproduction may be asexual when one individual produces genetically identical offspring, or sexual when the genetic material from two individuals is combined to produce genetically diverse offspring. Asexual reproduction occurs through fission, budding, and fragmentation.