Answer:
spinal cord is made up of = 33bones called vertebrae
What sort of environment (hypertonic, isotonic, hypotonic) does consuming excessive amounts of pure water create in the body fluid that surrounds your cells
Consuming excessive amounts of pure water creates hypotonic environment in the body fluid surrounding the cell.
What is a hypotonic solution?A solution having lower osmotic pressure than the solution to which it is compared.It has lower amount of solute (high amount of solvent) compared to other solution separated by a semi-permeable membrane.After consuming excessive amounts of pure water, the body fluid becomes hypotonic, so water enters from body fluid to the cell resulting in the cell to swell or break.Learn more about different solutions here:
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Flower Dissection — Part 2
Pick a flower from your yard, a public location, or somewhere in your neighborhood.
Start by removing the sepals of the flower with a tweezer. If you do not have a tweezer, a small pair of scissors will also work. It may be easiest to do this if you hold the flower with your finger from below the pedicel (small stalk just underneath the flower) and begin to remove the sepals with a pair of tweezers.
Using tweezers, place the sepals on the labelled printable worksheet, and tape them in place.
Repeat the same procedure for the petals and pistil.
Remove all but one of the stamens and tape them onto the worksheet.
On your printable worksheet, you should have sepals, petals, stamens and one pistil.
Take a picture of your worksheet with the flower pieces placed correctly, and save it on your computer. You will attach and submit this with your assessment questions.
Data:
Flower Dissection
Name of Flower Component Piece of Flower from Lab Function
Sepal
Petals
Stamen
Pistil
Analysis & Conclusion — Part 3
Plant Tissues
What are three characteristics that all species belonging to the plant kingdom have in common?
How will the numbers of stomata differ in tropical plants and desert plants? How does this help protect the health of a plant?
If a plant's xylem and phloem become damaged, what type of damage will result within the plant? Describe the different roles on the xylem and phloem in your answer.
Why do we compare the dermal tissue of plants to human skin? Explain your answer.
Would a plant be able to survive if the ground tissue was damaged? Explain your answer.
Flowering Reproduction
Describe how flowering plants reproduce.
How do flowers help other organisms in our environment?
Which parts of a plant are responsible for reproduction? Describe the role that each of them will play.
Describe what occurs during the process of seed development.
Based on your knowledge of flowers, why do you think most flowers are bright in color?
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Angiosperms belong to the plant kingdom. Flowers are the organs needed for sexual reproduction, carrying feminine and masculine structures.
What are the parts of the flowers?Flowers are reproductive structures in charge of sexual reproduction through the production of seeds.
⇒ Feminine reproductive structures
The central structure is the carpel, also recognized as the pistil.The base of the carpel forms the ovary, in which the eggs are produced and where the zygote develops.The opposite extreme of the carpel is the stigma, in the superior part.The stigma is a sticky surface where the pollen grains get attached.The style is the filament structure that connects the ovary and the stigma.⇒ Masculine reproductive structures
The pollen grains, or male sex cells, are produced in the stamens.The stamen has an anther where the pollen is produced, and a filament that provides support.
⇒ External non-reproductive structures
Flowers also have external structures known as petals and sepals. These are modified leaves whose principal function is to protect the flower's fertile parts and attract pollinators.
Petals characterize as having many different colors that make the flower more attractive to insects and other animals. When they visit a flower searching for their recompense, the flower's pollen grains transfer to the insect's body.
The insect transports the pollen to the next visited flower, leaving it in the stigma of the second flower.
What happens during the fertilization process?1) The mature pollen grains are driven to the stigma of the same flower or other flowers of the species, where they stick.
2) Once in the stigma, the pollen grain germinates.
3) A pollinic tube forms. It goes from the stigma along the style and ends in the flower ovary.
4) The pollen grains move along the tube forward to the ovary.
5) Once in the ovary, the pollen grains get in touch with the ovule. They have double fertilization.
6) The zygote develops in the ovary.
Now, let us answer the questions,
1) Flower Dissection ⇒ you will find and scheeme in the attached files
2) Characteristics of the plant kingdom
eukaryotic multicellular organisms, photosynthetic organisms,cells with chloroplasts, a big vacuole, and cell wall. sexual and asexual reproduction3) Stomata regulate water vapor flow through transpiration.
Desert plants have fewer stomata than tropical plants as an adaptation to avoid losing water.
4) Having fewer stomata help protect the health of a plant by preventing excessive water loss under extreme conditions.
5) The vascular system of plants is composed of
The xylem ⇒ takes water and nutrients from the soil to the aerial part of the plant.The phloem ⇒ transports photosynthetic products to different tissues of the plant.If the xylem gets damaged, the plant will not be able to take water and nutrients from the ground. If the phloem gets damaged, the plant will not be able to use photosynthetic products in different tissues. In any case, the plant will dye.
6) Because plants and human dermal tissues vary in the number of layers and functions.
Plants have one dermal layer and have a cuticle to avoid dehydration and provide protection. Human skin is multilayered and the immune system protects it.7) Ground tissues are not meristematic, dermal, or vascular tissues. However, among their functions, we can mention photosynthesis, storage, regeneration, and healing capability. All of them are necessary to survive. If the ground tissues are damaged, the plant can not survive.
8) Flowering plants can reproduce sexually or asexually. During sexual reproduction, pollen grains fertilize the eggs in the ovary.
9) During pollination, insects and other animals get a recompense -nectar-. Flowers provide a source of food and prime matter to different pollinator agents. Also, flowers might be a shelter for many species.
10) The stamen where the pollen is produced. The ovary is where eggs are produced and where the zygote develops. Pollen gets to the egg in the ovary and fertilizes it (description above).
11)
The embryo is formed after the double fecundation. It composes of growing cotyledons, an epicotyl, and a hypocotyl.
The tegument and endosperm of the seed protect the embryo from dehydration and denutrition.
Germination is the process of development and the emergence of the embryo. These are a series of steps that must occur in the seed from the moment the embryo begins to develop until a newly emerged plantule is formed. For germination to occur, there must be appropriate environmental conditions.
12) Flowers are bright and colored because this is how they attract pollinator agents such and insects and other animals.
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All of the following are typical physiological effects of dehydration except _______. Multiple Choice increased blood osmolality decreased sweat rate increased cardiac output decreased plasma volume
According to the research, all of the following are typical physiological effects of dehydration except osmolality decreased.
What is dehydration?It is the process that refers to eliminating or losing the water that is part of the composition or that contains an organism.
Among the most frequent effects are thirst, osmolality increases, increased sweat rate, dry skin and fatigue.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, all of the following are typical physiological effects of dehydration except osmolality decreased.
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The target cells for the hormone ACTH are located in the _______. The target cells for the hormone ACTH are located in the _______. anterior pituitary hypothalamus adrenal cortex posterior pituitary
The target cells for the hormone ACTH are located in the adrenal cortex.
The adrenal cortex is the outer part of the adrenal gland. It produces hormones that support important organ functions and body processes. Many illnesses can affect the adrenal cortex. Some cause the overproduction of hormones, while others limit hormone production.
The adrenal glands are partially controlled by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. The hypothalamus is a small area of the brain involved in hormone regulation that produces corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH or vasopressin).
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is a hormone released from the pituitary gland and plays a major role in how the body responds to stress. With the release of ACTH, the adrenal glands produce cortisol, "stress hormones", and androgens (a group of sex hormones).
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Write two things preserve at home and principle of preservation used in the preparation
Potatoes, onions, fruits, and spices can be preserved at home using different preservation techniques.
Food Preservation :
The term "food preservation" encompasses a wide range of practices that are employed to stop food from going bad. The following are some examples of food preservation methods:
Pickling, Canning, Drying, Freeze drying, Curing, Fermentation, etc.
Potatoes and onions can be preserved by the method of freezing. Keeping food in the refrigerator is the most straightforward approach to the preservation of food. Food is preserved by cooling, which slows the growth of microbes that cause spoilage.
Fruits and spices can be preserved by drying. By removing the moisture content from meals, drying prevents the formation of germs, yeast, and mold.
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Crossing over is __________. Crossing over is __________. the formation of tetrads an independent assortment of chromosomes the exchange of corresponding portions of homologous chromosomes the movement of genetic material from one chromosome to a nonhomologous chromosome
Crossing over is the exchange of corresponding portions of homologous chromosomes.
What is Crossing over?Chromosomal hybrid, or crossing over, is the trading of hereditary material during sexual multiplication between two homologous chromosomes' non-sister chromatids that outcomes in recombinant chromosomes. It is one of the last periods of hereditary recombination, which happens in the pachytene phase of prophase I of meiosis during a cycle called synapsis. Synapsis starts before the synaptonemal complex creates and isn't finished until close to the furthest limit of prophase I. Hybrid normally happens while matching areas on matching chromosomes break and afterward reconnect to the next chromosome. Getting over and DNA fix is very much like cycles, which use a considerable lot of similar protein edifices.To learn more about Crossing over refer to:
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How do the basic principles of inheritance which Mendel found in plants differ from those which are found in humans
The inheritance in humans is more complex as compared to the inheritance in plants as described by Mendel.
Mendelian inheritance patterns mostly refer to the inheritance of traits controlled by a single gene with two alleles. In plants, most characteristics are governed by a single gene but in humans, most of the traits are polygenic which means that they are governed by more than one gene.
Also, most of the genes in humans have more than two alleles and hence they do not follow simple Mendelian inheritance patterns.
In humans, the males have only one X chromosome (that contains sex-linked traits) and females have two X chromosomes, this also leads to more complex patterns of dosage compensation and inheritance in humans and they do not follow the basic Mendelian laws as the plants do.
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Which of the following is an example of a falsifiable hypothesis that could lead to scientific knowledge?
A. Loch Ness has a giant reptile living in it.
B. No aliens have crashed on Earth.
C. Humans were created.
D. Aliens have crashed on Earth.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Proof that aliens exist would lead to many scientific discoveries
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a disease in humans where the function of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is impaired by mutation of the human PAH gene. Untreated, individuals with PKU can have intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and seizures. However, people who eat a diet low in phenylalanine can lead a normal life. What terms describe PKU as a trait
Pleiotropy refers to the phenomenon of a single gene affecting multiple traits. Phenylketonuria is an example of Pleiotropy.
What is Pleiotropy?The production of diverse effects, especially the production by a single gene of several distinct and seemingly unrelated phenotypic effects known as pleiotropy.
Phenylketonuria, generally known as PKU, is a rare hereditary condition that results in an accumulation of the amino acid phenylalanine in the body. The phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene is altered in PKU. The enzyme required to degrade phenylalanine is produced in part because of this gene. PKU can be seen to behave as a 'complex' trait.
Only 11.1 percent of MHP patients were homozygous, compared to 58.4 percent of individuals with classic PKU. Individuals with mild PKU had a compound heterozygous rate of 72.5% compared to only 35.1% in patients with classic PKU.
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In an element's square on the periodic table, the number with the greatest numerical value represents the
O number of neutrons..
number of electrons.
atomic number.
atomic mass.
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In the square of an element on the periodic table, the number with the highest numerical value represents the atomic number.
atomic number.What is the atomic number Z?The atomic number is represented by the letter Z and indicates the number of protons (p) in the nucleus of the atom. This quantity is characteristic of each chemical element.
With this information, we can conclude that The atomic number, represented by the capital letter Z, corresponds to the number of protons in the nucleus of atoms (Z = p).
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During weeks 17-20, quickening occurs, which is when the __________. a. fetus’ sense of hearing is developing at a rapid pace b. mother can hear the fetus’ heartbeat with headphones c. fetus’ heart rate increases to 150 beats per minute d. mother is able to feel the fetus move inside her womb please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
During weeks 17-20, quickening occurs, which is when the (d) mother is able to feel the fetus move inside her womb.
The period during which a fetus develops inside a woman's womb or uterus is known as pregnancy, it typically lasts about 40 weeks or just over 9 months in humans.
During the course of pregnancy, the fetus develops from being a single cell to a complete individual.
Quickening is the movement of the baby inside the mother’s womb at around 16-20 weeks of pregnancy. It assures the health and growth of the baby inside the uterus. A fetus that is growing well stimulates more quickening movements.
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Wha is contained in chromosomes
Answer:
genes
Explanation:
chromosomes contain genes
6. Your myth: dogs and cats are related
o Fact: they are in the same domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order
o Evidence:
o 1. they are in a lot of the same things but they are not the same because they are not in the same species or family.
o 2.
i need one more eason why they arent related
Answer:
dogs and cats are in the same kingdom, phylum, class, family, and order but the are of different species
Explanation:
this is because dogs are Canis familiaris and cats Felis catus, therefore they cant produce viable offspring. Moreover, in the cat family cats are basically loners, they are independent creatures. While dogs are mostly found in pack.
which model best shows the movement of water during photosynthesis
Answer:
Soil → Plant
What happens in photosynthesis?
The light is energy. So the plant doesn't convert light to energy, light already is energy. The plant uses the light energy to grow, and to store energy in a different form (like how you eat corn, and gain energy to run and stuff, your body converts the corn to fat so you can use the energy later.)
Now, as for the creation of oxygen, we have to go deeper. In the air there is CO2, which is 2 parts oxygen and one part Carbon. Plants "breathe" it in. From the ground the plants get water, H2O, which is 2 parts Hydrogen and 1 part Oxygen, right? The plant uses the light energy to convert the C02 and H2O into Sugar, C6H1206 (6 Carbons, 12 Hydrogens, 6 Oxygens)
So we see that there must be 12 Hydrogens in the end, but H20+C02 only has 2. That means you need 6 H2O molecules, which fuse with 6 C02 molecules (becuase sugar has 6 carbons as well)
What we get is (6)H2+(6)C+[(6)02+(6)O] which we can algebra into H12+C6+O18. Now we subtract the sugar, which the plant stores (C6H12O6) and we are left with 012, or Twelve Oxygens. Oxygen doesn't like being alone, so we would represent it as 6 oxygen pairs (6)O2. That oxygen gets released back into the air. Boom.
Which sympathetic pathway is responsible for activating the esophagus, heart, lungs, and thoracic blood vessels
The postganglionic sympathetic nerve pathway; option(c), is responsible for activating the esophagus, heart, lungs, and thoracic blood vessels.
What is the pathway of the sympathetic nervous system?Preganglionic neurons found in the intermediolateral columns of the spinal cord, from the thoracic to mid-lumbar levels, are the exit points for sympathetic pathways from the central nervous system.
Postganglionic neurons connect with preganglionic axons at the sympathetic chain ganglia. After exiting the sympathetic chain ganglia through a gray ramus communicans (unmyelinated axons), the postganglionic neuron rejoins the spinal nerve and travels to the skin and blood vessels all over the body.
An inhibitory input to the smooth muscle in the body of the bladder, an excitatory input to the smooth muscle in the urethra, and an inhibitory and facilitatory input to the vesical parasympathetic ganglia are all provided by sympathetic postganglionic nerves that produce norepinephrine.
The complete question is:
Which sympathetic pathway is responsible for activating the esophagus, heart, lungs, and thoracic blood vessels?
A. Splanchnic nerve pathway
B. Adrenal medulla pathway
C. Postganglionic sympathetic nerve pathway
D. Spinal nerve pathway
E. None of the choices is correct.
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The cell organneles in the given figure are as follows (A). Nucleus (B). Rough endoplasmic Reticulum (C). Golgi body
What are cell organelles ?Organelles are specialized structures that perform various jobs inside cells. The term literally means “little organs.”
In the same way organs, such as the heart, liver, stomach, and kidneys, serve specific functions to keep an organism alive, organelles serve specific functions to keep a cell alive.
The cell organneles in the given figure are as follows (A). Nucleus (B). Rough endoplasmic Reticulum (C). Golgi bodyThe part of the cell in which Rough ER and Golgi bodies are suspended is Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm is simply a generic term that describes everything within the plasma membrane and outside the nucleus
The process occuring in this part is the production of Protein
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Many pathogens use the same portal for entry and exit from the body. Group of answer choices True False
Answer:True
Explanation:
When DNA condenses in preparation for cell division, it is called a __________.
A. chromosome
B. centromere
C. nucleus
D. mitosis
answer abc or d with a simple expln-
and pls be sure of ur answer
Answer:
A. chromosome
Explanation:
Chromosomes are typically what you see in a chart like karyotype that shows all the chromosomes of a particular organism. These are the highly condensed structures of DNA during replication which makes it easy to transfer DNA during replication.
When DNA condenses in preparation for cell division, it is called a chromosome.
The correct option is A .
When DNA condenses in preparation for cell division, it condenses and coils tightly into structures called chromosomes. Chromosomes are the compact and organized form of DNA that is visible under a microscope during cell division. Each chromosome consists of a single, long DNA molecule wrapped around proteins called histones. Chromosomes are essential for the proper segregation and distribution of genetic material to daughter cells during cell division (e.g., mitosis or meiosis).
After cell division is complete, the chromosomes decondense, and the DNA returns to its extended form as chromatin, which can be actively transcribed and translated for normal cellular functions.
Hence , A is the correct option
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Which two gases were part of both stage 2 and stage 3 in the formation of the atmosphere?
The two gases that were a part of both stage two and stage three in the formation of the atmosphere are carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
The atmosphere consists of five primary layers, these are- troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. The second layer is the stratosphere and the third layer is the mesosphere. The stratosphere was formed by ices from comets and from gases that were released by volcanic eruptions and pushed into the atmosphere. The mesosphere is situated just above the stratosphere and right below the thermosphere. The two gases which were prevalent in the generation of both these layers are nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
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What distinguishes the difference between DNA, chromosomes and genes
Answer:
DNA is the building blocks of genes that contain the coded instruction for building and maintaining a body. Genes are a portion of DNA that are tasked with making specific proteins that play a critical role in the structure and function of the body. Chromosomes are structures containing many genes each.
Explanation:
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You are the head of an international granting agency that assist farmers with soil conservation and sustainable agriculture. You have $10 million to disburse. Your agencies staff has decided that the finding should go to farmers in an arid area of Africa prone to salinization What type of projects would you recommend funding in each of these areas, how would you apportion your funding among them, and why?
The projects that will receive funding in arid areas of Africa prone to salinization include:
Reforestation and irrigation projects -will receive about 50% of the funds.Cover-crop and salt-tolerant crop farming will receive about 30% of the funds.Desalinization projects will receive about 0% of the funding.What is salinization?Salinization is the process whereby the mineral salt content of the soil in an area increases as a result of adverse environmental conditions such as drought.
The projects that will receive funding in arid areas of Africa prone to salinization include:
Reforestation and irrigation projects - these will receive about 50% of the funds as reforestation and irrigation helps reduce soil salinity.Cover-crop and salt-tolerant crop farming will receive about 30 % of the funds as these crops help reduce soil salinityDesalinization projects will receive about 30% of the funding.In conclusion, salinization of soil poses a big threat to crop production in arid regions of Africa.
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What are the characteristics of most unsaturated fatty acids found within a human cell?.
The characteristics of most unsaturated fatty acids found within a human cell are deprotonated carboxylic acid and cis double bonds.
With the exception of steroids, fatty acids are carboxylic acids that provide the structural foundation of fats, oils, and all other types of lipids. More than 70 have been found in the natural world. They are typically unbranched, contain an even number of carbon atoms (often 12–20), and can be divided into groups based on the existence and quantity of carbon–carbon double bonds. As a result, saturated fatty acids don't have any carbon-to-carbon double bonds, while monounsaturated fatty acids have one, and polyunsaturated fatty acids have two or more.learn more about unsaturated fatty acids here: https://brainly.com/question/3007736
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When collagen in the wall of a blood vessel is exposed as a result of injury, ______ adhere and develop long, spiny pseudopods which draw the vessel walls back together.
When collagen in the wall of a blood vessel is exposed as a result of injury, platelets adhere and develop long, spiny pseudopods which draw the vessel walls back together.
The blood vessel wall's structural component, collagen, is typically hidden beneath the cells that line the blood vessels' inner walls.Collagen that is exposed when a blood vessel is damaged draws platelets from the circulation, resulting in blood clotting. Additionally, collagen is essential for regulating blood vessel wall cell function. They examine which pieces adhere to various blood vessel wall proteins. This enables them to pinpoint the collagen's essential components, such as those that regulate platelets and blood vessel wall cells.Small blood cells called platelets assist your body in forming clots to halt bleeding. Your blood vessels communicate with the platelets when they sustain injury. When there is damage, the platelets immediately create a plug (clot) to repair it.learn more about platelets here: https://brainly.com/question/4883461
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Based on the structure and arrangements of nucleotides in the __________ molecule, the molecule is an information molecule. It stores instructions and is read to produce proteins that direct cellular reproduction, produce new cellular components, and initiate cellular reproduction.
Based on the structure and arrangements of nucleotides in the DNA molecule, the molecule is an information molecule. It stores instructions and is read to produce proteins that direct cellular reproduction, produce new cellular components, and initiate cellular reproduction.
Describe DNA.Deoxyribonucleic acid is referred to as a DNA Trusted Source. It includes units known as nucleotides, which are biological building blocks.
For most other organisms in addition to humans, DNA is an essential chemical. Our genes and genetic material, which are what gives us our individuality, are both found in our DNA.
What is the DNA's structure?A DNA molecule is created from a group of nucleotides. There are three components in each nucleotide:
a phosphate groupa sugara base of nitrogenThe name of the sugar in DNA is 2-deoxyribose. The "backbone" of the DNA strand is made up of these sugar molecules that are in alternation with phosphate groups.
In a nucleotide, each sugar is joined to a nitrogen base. Nitrogen bases come in four main varieties in DNA. They consist of:
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Human skin cells are replaced every 20 days, while human brain cells last 30 to 50
years. Why would brain cells need to last for so long? Why might this be a problem if
we managed to extend human life beyond 100 years?
In this question, there is a misinterpretation of the term "cell lifetime."
The body's structural building blocks are called cells. One of the body's methods for improving performance over time is to extend cell longevity.
Blood and skin cells are examples of "deliberately" disposable cells. This is because the best method for a cell's function is cell turnover. Skin cells are harmed when they are exposed to the abrasive outside environment. A wonderful method for combating the entropy of environmental harm is to slough them off and replace them with fresh ones. Red blood cells are transient "by design" since they lack a nucleus.
The brain's neurons are tuned for a fundamentally different purpose: memory. The brain's objective is to improve throughout time by building up knowledge and memories. These abilities and memories are "stored" as subtle structural adjustments to the way the brain's neuronal connections are organized. In order to maintain that structure as long as possible, the brain must. Since cells are the only thing that exist, the structure of neurons takes the form of their peculiar cell forms, which resemble the complicated tree branches that wind through the brain. If a neuron dies, it also leaves behind its structure and memories. Therefore, neurons should never die in the brain according to ideal design. This has resulted in several safeguards for this structure, including the blood brain barrier that guards against poisoning and the hard shell of the skull. '
Long-term brain health would be an issue if humans could live longer than 100 years. We would need to make investments in preventing this catastrophic mental failure as well as create therapies to keep the brain "fresh" because the brain did not adapt to endure that long (for example, dementia).
The cellular structures found in prokaryotes are (select all that apply) Capsules Ribosomes Golgi complex Mitochondria Fimbriae
Prokaryotic cells are basic cells that lack membrane-bound nuclei and complex organelles and the cellular structures found in prokaryotes are Capsules, Ribosomes, and Fimbriae.
Numerous prokaryotes have a tacky peripheral layer called the capsule, which is generally made of polysaccharides. Ribosomes are found and freely distributed in prokaryotes. Fimbriae are a kind of limb of prokaryotic cells. These hair-like bulges permit prokaryotes to adhere to surfaces in their current circumstance and to one another.
Mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus assembly are remarkable to eukaryotic cells, and won't be tracked down in prokaryotes.
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what is the adaptation of the heart in human body?
Answer:
below and pls make me brainliest
Explanation:
The researchers discovered that the human heart has evolved to be better at tolerating endurance type of activities, rather than short and intense bouts. Also, they found that those individuals who engage in activities for endurance sports will have longer, larger, and more elastic left ventricles.
The fact that the body does not normally mount an immune response to the molecules in food is an example of ___.
The body does not normally mount an immune response to the food molecules due to Cell-Mediated Immunity which is a part of Humoral Immunity.
What is Cell-Mediated Immunity?
The cell-Mediated immune response involves the destruction of infected cells by cytotoxic T cells or the destruction of intracellular pathogens by macrophages.It does not involve antibody formation.It protects the body through T-cell mediated immunity, macrophages, and natural killer cells.The gastrointestinal immune system has the unique capacity to discriminate between harmless and potentially dangerous materials.Dietary antigens trigger the generation of a regulatory Treg cell type in the small intestine that suppresses immune response to food.
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what happens when solid particles gain enegry
Answer:
The solid particles eventually gain so much energy that the vibrations increase and break their fixed positions.
Explanation:
Atomic bonds hold atoms to one another inside a solid. Instead of acting like stiff rods, these linkages act like springs. A solid is thus made up of several heavy particles that are linked by springs. You may easily picture these particles continuing to oscillate erratically to and fro from their places, resulting in zero net motion. But power is still needed for this oscillation. The solid's temperature is controlled by this energy, which is also known as internal energy. The energy increases with temperature. A solid's internal net energy rises when it receives (thermal) energy. The surplus is divided among all the particles essentially evenly. The frequency in a spring mass system does not alter with energy, but the amplitude does. In other words, atomic oscillations have the same frequency but a greater amplitude. In other words, the atoms move farther throughout their oscillations. The amplitude may rise to a point where the spring-ey linkages begin to break and the lattice collapses if you provide them with enough energy. To put it simply once again, the solid dissolves.
Use complete sentences to explain how the mass of carbon is conserved during cellular respiration.
please help fast!!!!!