Answer:
A
Explanation:
because when sun shines on water, it turns into heat and evaporate
Which statement best describes the effect of the loss of a keystone species from an ecosystem?
A) A new keystone species would take the place of the old one.
B) The populations of other species in the ecosystem would fluctuate dramatically.
C) Species from nearby ecosystems would invade and overtake the unstable ecosystem.
D) Organisms that depended upon the keystone species would quickly adapt to a different species.
The populations of other species in the ecosystem would fluctuate dramatically. Thus, option "B" is correct.
What is the role of keystone species?When an organism exists in an ecosystem in such a way that it impacts and influences in the ecosystem and has a significant effect incomparable to its number in the population,such organism is said to be a Keystone species. They are responsible for the structure and continue existence of the ecosystem. Thus their absence leads to change in the ecosystem structure.
They maintain ecosystem structure for example by suppressing the population of one species of organism. E.g if a keystone species is a predator, its continuous predation on the herbivores which graze over a particular land area maintains balance between the green plant population and nutrient cycles in the ecosystem. If the the Keystone does not exits overgrazing from the increasing population of the grazers will disrupt the energy and nutrient cycles in the ecosystem, with dramatic change in the ecosystem.
Thus, option "B" is correct.
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A person pushes a car with a force of 50 pounds. the car moves 5 feet into his garage. how much work was done?
5 foot-pounds
10 foot-pounds
50 foot-pounds
250 foot-pounds
Work done by the person to push the car for 5 feet with 50 pound of force is 250 foot-pounds.
What is the mathematical expression of work done?Work done is defined as the product of force and distance.Mathematically, Work done = force × distance covered by the carWhat is the work done by the person to move the car through 5 feet?Force applied by the person = 50 pound, distance covered by the car = 5 feet
Work done= force applied by the person × distance coverd by the car
= 50 × 5 foot-pounds
= 250 foot-pounds
Thus, we can conclude that the work done by the person to push the car by 5 feet is 250 foot-pounds.
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Too much logging in the oyamel fir forests could lead to the eastern monarch butterfly going extinct because _______. a. the entire population of the species spends winter in oyamel c. the winters are too cold in oyamel b. the butterflies breed in the oyamel fir trees d. the butterflies feed on the oyamel fir trees please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Too much logging in the oyamel fir forests could lead to the eastern monarch butterfly going extinct because the entire population of the species spends winter in oyamel fir forests.
Why it is the correct option:
a. The oyamel fir forests serve as the winter home for the eastern monarch butterflies. The entire population of monarch butterflies moves to oyamel fir forests in Mexico during winters to protect themselves from the freezing cold temperatures of their natural, breeding habitat. So, too much logging of the oyamel fir trees will destroy the winter habitat of these butterflies, and hence will lead to the decline in their population.
Why the other options are incorrect:
b. the butterflies breed in the oyamel fir trees is an incorrect option because the monarch butterflies breed in their natural habitats in the US.
c. the winters are too cold in oyamel is an incorrect option because these butterflies move to oyamel forests to protect themselves from cold.
d. the butterflies feed on the oyamel fir trees is an incorrect option because the monarch butterflies feed on milkweed.
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The pleural cavity Multiple Choice is a real space that separates the visceral and parietal pleura so that they do not touch. is a real space outside of the pleural membranes, creating a slight distance between the lungs and the ribs. is a potential space that becomes a real space only during forced exhalation, allowing the lungs to decrease significantly in size. is a potential space that contains a lubricating fluid that allows the visceral and parietal pleura to slide by each other easily.
Pleural cavity is a potential space that contains a lubricating fluid that allows the visceral and parietal pleura to slide by each other easily.
The pleural cavity is a fluid-filled tissue layer that surrounds the lungs. Another membrane lines the pleural cavity called the pleura. Each lung has one pleural cavity. Pleural cavities provide perform the protective function for the lungs. The pleura is also of two types; visceral pleura and parietal pleura.The pleural cavity is sandwiched between the double-layered pleura membrane. The cavity dissociates the lungs from the surrounding structures like the rib cage, diaphragm, mediastinum, and intercostal spaces. The pleural layers secret a fluid called pleural fluid, which acts as a lubricant and allows the two layers of pleura to slide over each other smoothly.learn more about pleural cavity here: https://brainly.com/question/14497404
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what are the cause of thrombosis
Answer:
Injury to the vain.
Explanation:
Thrombosis is affected by virchows triad of stasis, turbulence and coagualability of the blood. An increase in any of these three can cause thrombosis.
The blood pools in the legs when we stand or sit and we very rarely are in a situation where gravity aids in draining blood from the legs. The body forces the blood up the legs by squeezing it up when we contract our leg muscles. We have one way valves in these veins to prevent the blood from falling back down the vein. So if we are in a situation where we are vertical for long periods of time or not moving our muscles or have had a previous thrombosis that has damaged our venous valves this can further increase the stasis already present in the legs and precipitate a thrombosis. It is this predisposition to stasis that causes dost thrombosis to occur in the legs.
Flying causes DVTs for this reason as we are sitting still for long periods of time. Also the recycled air can cause dehydration which increases the coagulability of the blood.
3. What happens as a population approaches carrying capacity?
a. Density-Dependent factors have a greater effect.
b. Density-Independent factors have a smaller effect.
c. Density-Independent factors have a greater effect.
d. Density-Dependent factors have a smaller effect.
Answer:
The intensity of density-dependent factors increases.
Explanation:
Answer:
Density dependant factors have a greater effect
Explanation:
As population increases the population density also increases
It puts overload on carrying capacitySo density dependant factors increases their intensity
What is the replicated DNA sequence for GGC GAG AAT GAA ACT ATT TGT AGC
Answer:
ccgctcttactttgataaacatcg
The replicated DNA sequence for GGC GAG AAT GAA ACT ATT TGT AGC is the sequence CCG CTC TTA CTT TGA ATA AAC ATC.
The replicated DNA sequence for GGC GAG AAT GAA ACT ATT TGT AGC would be CCG CTC TTA CTT TGA ATA AAC ATC. During DNA replication, the double-stranded DNA unwinds and separates into two strands. Each original strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a complementary strand.
The nucleotide pairing rules dictate that guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C), and adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T). Thus, GGC is paired with CCG, GAG with CTC, AAT with TTA, GAA with CTT, ACT with TGA, ATT with TAA, TGT with ACA, and AGC with TCG. This process ensures that the two resulting DNA molecules are identical to the original DNA molecule.
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The complete question is:
What is the replicated DNA sequence for GGC GAG AAT GAA ACT ATT TGT AGC.
As Earth's climate changes, which feature on Earth is expected to increase?
OA. Land area
O B. Greenhouse gases
C. Freshwater reserves
O D. Sea ice help me please
The feature expected to increase will be greenhouse gases.
What are greenhouse gases?They are gases that form a layer of air blanket in the atmosphere and absorb reflected solar radiation from escaping back to space.
Thus, greenhouse gases cause the earth to warm up. When earth warming increases, the climate becomes more erratic.
In other words, greenhouse gases are indirectly responsible for climate change.
Therefore, as the earth's climate changes, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are expected to increase in concentration.
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The feature expected to increase as Earth's climate changes is: (B). Greenhouse gases
Meaning of greenhouse gasesGreenhouse gases can be defined as gases that form a layer of air blanket in the atmosphere and absorb reflected solar radiation from escaping back to space.
Greenhouse gases makes the earth to warm up and they tend to increase as the climate changes.
In conclusion, as the earth's climate changes, the greenhouse gases will also increase.
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In a group of muskmelon plants, some individuals have sour fruit and others have sweet fruit. in this group, the gene for the fruit taste trait has two alleles. the allele f is for sour fruit, and the allele f is for sweet fruit. a certain muskmelon plant from this group has sweet fruit. this plant has two alleles for sweet fruit. based on this information, click the blue words to correct any errors in the text. this muskmelon plant's genotype for the fruit taste trait is sweet fruit. this muskmelon plant's genotype for the fruit taste gene is ff. this muskmelon plant is homozygous for the fruit taste gene.
Correct option(s):
(b) This muskmelon plant's genotype for the fruit taste gene is ff.
(c) This muskmelon plant is homozygous for the fruit taste gene.
A dominant allele is one that is capable of expressing itself even in the heterozygous condition and overshadows the effect of the recessive allele. It is usually denoted by a capital letter. Recessive allele on the contrary cannot express in presence of a dominant allele and is denoted by a small letter.
In the given case the fruit with a sour taste (phenotype) can have two possible genotypes (FF and Ff). The genotype of sweet taste is ff which is a homozygous condition.
Note: Your question is incomplete, probably your complete question is “In a group of muskmelon plants, some individuals have sour fruit and others have sweet fruit. in this group, the gene for the fruit taste trait has two alleles. the allele F is for sour fruit, and the allele f is for sweet fruit. a certain muskmelon plant from this group has sweet fruit. this plant has two alleles for sweet fruit. Choose the correct option:
(a) this muskmelon plant's genotype for the fruit taste trait is sweet fruit.
(b) this muskmelon plant's genotype for the fruit taste gene is ff.
(c) this muskmelon plant is homozygous for the fruit taste gene.”
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what are the types of buds? hello btw
Answer:
hi! There is lots of types of buds for example it could be a friend.
Explanation:
Hope it helps!:)
How did Benjamin Franklin's lifelong use of spectacles eventually lead to an invention?
Franklin discovered that his eyesight was getting poorer as he got older, and he raised both near-sighted and far-sighted. Tired of changing between two pairs of eyeglasses, he invented “double spectacles,” or what we now named as bifocals.
Who was Benjamin Franklin?Benjamin Franklin was an American polymath and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Franklin was a leading author, printer, political theorist, politician, freemason, postmaster, scientist, inventor, humorist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat.
As a scientist, he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity.
As an inventor, he is known for the lightning rod, bifocals, and the Franklin stove, among other inventions. He founded many civic organizations, including the Library Company, Philadelphia's first fire department and the University of Pennsylvania.
Thus, this Could be the answer.
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The sum of all chemical activities taking place in an organism is its _______________ , which consists of all of the reactions that synthesize substances (_______________) as well as all of the reactions that break down substances (_______________).
a.
metabolism; anabolism; catabolism
b.
catabolism; anabolism; metabolism
c.
catabolism; metabolism; anabolism
d.
anabolism; metabolism; catabolism
e.
metabolism; catabolism; anabolism
a. metabolism; anabolism; catabolism
The sum of all chemical activities taking place in an organism is its metabolism which consists of all of the reactions that synthesize substances (anabolism) as well as all of the reactions that break down substances (catabolism).
What is metabolism?A living thing's metabolism is the culmination of all the chemical activities that occur inside each cell and supply the energy for both essential functions and the synthesis of new organic material.
Anabolism:
The main functions of anabolism include growth and arrangement of molecules. Small, straightforward molecules are expanded into bigger, more complex ones throughout this process. In anabolism, gluconeogenesis is a prime example. At this point, glucose is created by the liver and kidneys from non-carbohydrate sources.
Catabolism:
When food is digested, the molecules break down in the body to be used as energy, which is known as catabolism. The body breaks down large, complicated molecules into smaller, simpler ones. Glycolysis is an example of catabolism. Almost the opposite of gluconeogenesis is this process.
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A phylogenetic tree __________ whereas a cladogram does not. Group of answer choices includes the dimension of time indicates ancestral-descendant relationships uses analogous character traits all of these
A phylogenetic tree uses only 1 and 2 whereas a cladogram does not. The group of answer choices includes the dimension of time indicates ancestral-descendant relationships use analogous character traits all of these.
A phylogenetic tree is a bifurcation diagram used to explain scientists' hypotheses about how branching between evolutionary lines occurred.
The most recent common ancestor of two taxa is the node that represents the fork between those taxa. In this case, the letter b represents the turning point between the gorilla and the human.
A phylogenetic tree is a bifurcation diagram showing putative relationships between different species based on similarities and differences in physical and/or genetic characteristics.
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The movement of molecules across a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration with the use of a carrier molecule embedded in the membrane is called _________.
ANSWER QUICK
______________are expansive, dry grasslands and experience relatively low annual precipitation and prolonged annual dry seasons.
Group of answer choices
Tundra
Tropical Rain Forests
Savannas
Taiga
Answer:
the correct answer should be the Savannas
Two functions of bile salts during digestion
Answer:
Emulsify fats and make vitamins soluble
Based on the results of the kinetics studies and the observed tm, what is the best conclusion regarding the role of the metal centers in catalysis and enzyme conformational stability?.
Answer:
The role of the metal centers is in catalysis and enzyme conformational stability.
Explanation:
In thermoregulation, blood carries heat to the ____________________ where it is lost due to evaporative cooling.
Answer:
skin capillairies
Explanation:
In thermoregulation, blood carries heat to the skin capillaries where it is lost due to evaporative cooling.
What is thermoregulation?Thermoregulation is an interaction that permits your body to keep up with its center inner temperature. All thermoregulation systems are intended to return your body to homeostasis. This is a condition of balance.
A solid inner internal heat level falls inside a thin window. The typical individual has a gauge temperature between 98°F (37°C) and 100°F (37.8°C). Your body has some adaptability with temperature. Nonetheless, assuming you get to the limits of internal heat level, it can influence your body's capacity to work.
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Suppose a cell's membrane is permeable to water, but not to Na^ or Cl^- or any other solute. The NaCl concentration is higher outside the cell than inside the cell, and the osmolarity of the cell is higher than that of the solution surrounding the cell. What will occur
If NaCl concentration is higher outside the cell than inside the cell, and the osmolarity of the cell is higher than that of the solution surrounding the cell then Overall, the cell will take up water because it is hypertonic.
Osmosis is the transfer of a solvent from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. The dissolved solutes—the sodium and chloride ions that make up salt—cannot traverse the barrier but the water in the surrounding solvent can enter the membrane. In these circumstances, water from the solute environment will cross the membrane to balance the solute content on each side. When there are more solutes outside the cell than inside it, an environment is said to be hypertonic for cells, and it is said to be hypotonic for cells where there are fewer solutes outside than inside the cell. There is no net water movement when solute concentrations are the same on both sides of the cell, and the cell is referred to as isotonic.hence , here the cell is hypertonic thus the cell will take up water and swell but the solutes like NaCl will not enter the cell.
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The major chemical digestive activity occurring in the stomach is A. digestion of vitamins B. digestion of protein C. absorption of monosaccharides D. digestion of starch E. digestion of fat
The major chemical digestive activity occurring in the stomach is digestion of protein.
The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small organic particles is known as digestion. It is crucial to breakdown large molecules into smaller pieces that can pass through the digestive epithelium and be absorbed.Protein digestion happens largely in the stomach. By converting intact proteins into peptides, which are short chains of amino acids made up of four to nine amino acids, the enzyme pepsin plays a crucial part in the digestion of proteins. Other enzymes, such as trypsin, elastase, and chymotrypsin, operate on the peptides in the duodenum, breaking them down into smaller peptides. The pancreas produces trypsin, carboxypeptidase, and chymotrypsin, which are then secreted into the duodenum where they act on the chyme. Absorption through the small intestines allow the amino acids to enter the blood circulation.learn more about digestion of protein here: https://brainly.com/question/8937671
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What makes predicting a volcanic eruption difficult?
A. Since there are so many volcanoes, and many only erupt every few hundred years, it is impossible to monitor them all at the right time.
B. All of these
C. Monitoring potential eruptions is expensive.
D. Even if magma movement is detected, it often cools underground and no eruption occurs.
The Factor that makes predicting a volcanic eruption difficult is : ( B ) All of these
Frequency of volcanic eruptionsMany volcanoes erupt once every one or two centuries, therefore it can be difficult to monitor all these volcanoes simultaneously, also financial constraints leads to unavailability of adequate data to monitor volcanoes, and not every magma movement leads to a volcanic eruptions as some volcanoes have one seismometer
Therefore we can conclude that The Factor that makes predicting a volcanic eruption difficult is : ( B ) All of the options listed in the question
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Disturbances inside Earth’s core cause earthquakes. The starting point of the disturbance is called the epicenter. Why does the amplitude of a seismic wave usually decrease as the wave moves away from the epicenter?
A.
The waves lose energy in the form of heat.
B.
The frequency of the waves continues to increase.
C.
The wavelength of the waves continues to decrease.
D.
The waves encounter entirely different mediums.
D. The waves encounter entirely different mediums.
Why does the amplitude of a seismic wave decrease as the wave moves away from the epicenter?At farther distances, the amplitude of the seismic waves decreases as the energy released by the earthquake spreads throughout a larger volume and different mediums of Earth.
So we can conclude that option D is the right answer.
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The amplitude of a seismic wave generally decreases as the wave moves away from the epicenter because the waves encounter entirely different media.
Option D. The waves encounter entirely different mediums.What are seismic waves and epicenter?Seismic waves are waves of a mechanical nature, they propagate on Earth as a result of an earthquake or explosion. They are vibrations that are transmitted due to a release of energy from a specific point that is called a seismic focus. and the resistance found in the medium in which it propagates decreases the energy, dicipating it.
With this information, we can conclude that Seismic waves are movements of rock particles that are transmitted along concentric surfaces due to the sudden release of energy at the seismic focus.
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Spindle fibers extend from the poles and overlap at the ____________ where some attach to chromosomes to help separate them during cell division.
Spindle fibers extend from the poles and overlap at the spindle equator where some attach to chromosomes to help separate them during cell division.
What is spindle fiber?A single filament that travels from the poles to the center is a spindle fiber. Aster is a single filament as well, but the aster differs in its placement.
What is spindle equator?Chromosome alignment at the spindle equator improves the efficiency of bi-orientation. Chromosome congression, a procedure that moves chromosomes from close to spindle poles to the equator, is necessary for this alignment to take place.
What is spindle in cell?A protein structure called a spindle fiber divides a cell's genetic material.
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Select the correct answer.
What kind of solution occurs in your mouth when you eat something with a high salt content?
A.
a hypotonic solution
B.
an isotonic solution
C.
a hypertonic solution
Answer:
Explanation:
A
The two primary schools of classification discussed in the text are Group of answer choices generalized and specialized. organic and inorganic phylogenetic systematics and cladistics. ancestral and derived (modified).
The two primary schools of classification discussed in the text are C)phylogenetic systematics and cladistics.
Phylogenetic type represents the ancient evolutionary dating of organisms, whereas cladistics class offers the current ancestor and descendants courting of organisms.
There are three major ways in which classifications are constructed:
phenetic or numerical taxonomy;synthetic or traditional taxonomy;cladistic or phylogenetic taxonomy.Evolutionary Systematics makes use of a taxonomic precept that is additionally based totally on the splitting of phyletic lineages, and constructs a circle of relatives trees, however in comparison to the pure cladistic method, a weighting gadget is used that favors a few derived characters over others.
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Peter and rosemary grant began studying the galapagos finches in 1973. For about 40 years, they studied the finches on daphne major. Why was this an ideal place to study the evolution of the finches?.
Peter and rosemary discovered a natural ecosystem with an extreme climate, oscillating between cycles of intense drought and abundant rainfall, as well as an uncontaminated area that had never been explored by humans. This was an excellent location to study the evolution of Galapagos finches.
For their outstanding long-term studies showing evolution in action in Galápagos finches, Peter and Rosemary Grant are renowned.They have shown that natural selection is responsible for the incredibly quick changes in body and beak size in response to variations in the availability of food.Due to the lack of predators or rivals for the finches, Daphne Major makes an excellent location for research. (The cactus finch is the only other finch on the island.) The weather, and consequently the availability of food, has a significant impact on the medium ground finch's capacity to survive.learn more about Galápagos finches here: https://brainly.com/question/960688
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Reflex agents are characterized by direct links between perceptual systems and effector systems. These links are achieved by:
The direct links between perceptual systems and effector systems, are achieved by production rules.
What are the effector and receptor system?
The sensory organs contain receptors, which are specialized nerve endings that are in charge of receiving the stimuli in order to transmit information and elicit a response. Effectors are nerve cells that carry out the required actions in response to stimuli received. When a motor nerve impulse sent by the spinal cord (or brain) reaches the effector organs (which are muscles), then the muscles cause action or movement (such as lifting the hand away from a hot plate).
Receptors transmit the information as electrical impulses along neurons to coordinators like the central nervous system, or CNS. The brain and spinal cord make up the CNS. Effector responses that are coordinated by the CNS include hormone secretion from glands or muscles contracting.
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please help me answer at least one?
Answer:
1. Explain why predators need to eat more than primary consumers.
Explanation:
Predators need to eat more than primary consumers because in the trophic pyramid, primary consumers are at the bottom which means they receive the most energy because they eat the plants. As the pyramid goes on upwards, energy is lost each time, so that means by the time it reaches the top of the pyramid their is only about 0.1% of the energy we started with when the primary consumers ate the producers. Meaning, the predators need to eat more than the primary consumers because although the predators eat more than the primary consumers, they still at the end of the day get the same amount of energy just one eats more than another.
One problem with eradicating invasive species is that sometimes the disturbed area is unable to be colonized by native species. For example, in forests where the invasive plant garlic mustard has been removed, native plants and animals do not recolonize because they are extinct in that patch of forest. How should restoration ecologists increase species diversity and recover ecosystem function
In forests where the invasive plant garlic mustard has been removed, native plants and animals do not recolonize because they are extinct in that patch of forest. Restoration ecologists should Develop movement corridors for primary producers to increase species diversity and recover ecosystem function.
Patches are connected by corridors, which improves the watershed's overall habitat quality. They offer relatively risk-free access for wildlife to a variety of habitat resources that are often distributed throughout the terrain and may fluctuate with the seasons and temperature. Instead of being linear habitats, movement corridors, also known as dispersal corridors or landscape links, serve as a link between at least two key habitat areas.According to certain theories, corridors for primary producers facilitate the movement of species between different habitat areas, fostering genetic exchange and lowering population fluctuations.learn more about invasive plant here: https://brainly.com/question/1542287
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Native plants and animals do not recolonize in forests where the invasive species garlic mustard has been eradicated because they are extinct in that area of the forest. To boost species variety and restore ecosystem function, restoration ecologists should create movement corridors for primary producers.
What are primary producers?Primary producers are organisms that can make their own food, such as plants and phytoplankton, through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
Patches are connected by corridors, which enhances the overall habitat quality of the watershed.
They give wildlife reasonably risk-free access to a variety of habitat resources that are frequently dispersed over the landscape and may change with the seasons and temperature.
Movement corridors, sometimes referred to as dispersal corridors or landscape connections, connect at least two important habitat areas rather than being linear ecosystems.
Some hypotheses contend that main producer corridors encourage species mobility between various habitat types, promoting genetic exchange and reducing population volatility.
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Sequence the following events involved in skeletal muscle cell contraction.
1. sodium channels open and sodium flows in. 2. impulse reaches axon's synaptic knob. 3. Ach binds to receptors on the muscle cell membrane. 4. Synaptic vesicles fuse with neuron's membrane and release ACh via exocytosis. 5. If enough sodium moves in to the muscle cell, an impulse (action potential) develops.
A. 2,4,3,1,5.
B. 1,2,3,4,5.
C. 3,5,2,1,4.
D. 3,4,5,1,2.
E. 2,1,3,4,5.
Muscle contraction occurs when a motor neuron sends a signal (Ach) to the muscle cell, depolarizing it, and triggering contraction. The correct option is A. 2,4,3,1,5.
How does muscle contraction occur?Just before muscle contraction occurs, there is a sequence of events that involve motor neurons, neurotransmitters, and ion flow.
1) The central nervous system generates an action potential that travels to the muscle fiber activating the calcium channels.
2) Calcium triggers vesicle fusion to the presynaptic membrane releasing acetylcholine (Ach) into the synaptic space.
3) Once released, Ach moves forward to the postsynaptic membrane of the skeletal muscle fiber where it binds to its receptors causing ion channels to open.
4) Positively charged sodium ions cross the membrane to get into the muscle fiber (sarcoplasm) and potassium leaves the cell.
5) The difference in charges caused by these ion transport charges positively the muscle fiber membrane. It depolarizes.
6) The action potential enters the t-tubules depolarizing the inner portion of the muscle fiber. Contraction initiates.
The correct sequence is as follows,
2. impulse reaches axon's synaptic knob.
4. Synaptic vesicles fuse with neuron's membrane and release ACh via exocytosis.
3. Ach binds to receptors on the muscle cell membrane.
1. sodium channels open and sodium flows in.
5. If enough sodium moves in to the muscle cell, an impulse (action potential) develops.
The correct option is A. 2,4,3,1,5.
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