The nurse would be aware that this will increase sympathetic nervous system activity and impair responsiveness to diuretic medication while in an upright position.
The sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are both activated when a patient has ascites and is standing up (Porth & Matfin, 2009). Due to this, sodium excretion, renal glomerular filtration, and the responsiveness to loop diuretics are all lowered.
When your abdomen fills with too much fluid, you get ascites (belly). Cirrhosis, or liver scarring, is a common complication of this illness. The stomach, colon, liver, and kidneys are all enclosed in a tissue layer called the peritoneum.
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why we can’t open the tube and addition more saliva in collection of saliva
Reopening the tube to try to introduce more saliva is not advised. When the tube is open, do not place it on top of a table. It'll topple over.
Technologies in salivary bioscience, such electrophoresis, are frequently used to diagnose the state of a person's overall health. Since the sample is simple to gather and the process is affordable and non-invasive, saliva sampling has become a popular way for making diagnoses.
Even the possibility of substituting salivary diagnostics for serum protein indicators has been noted. The best method for gathering saliva hasn't yet been determined, though.
When handling samples from healthy volunteers in many scientific contexts, such as randomised controlled trials, sampling and statistical errors frequently occur. These mistakes may result from volunteer psychology, subject nonadherence, questionnaire parameters, data collection techniques, or sample processing.
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a 66-year-old woman experienced a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. she has a history of type 2 diabetes and deep vein thrombosis (dvt). on the basis of her medical history, which of the following should the emt suspect?
A 66-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes and DVT experienced sudden difficulty breathing. The following the EMT should suspect: a pulmonary embolism.
What is a pulmonary embolism?Pulmonary embolism is when a clump of blood clots from deep veins in the other parts of the body travel to the lungs. This condition could be a life-threatening issue, especially for a patient with type 2 diabetes and DVT, so the healthcare provider should prescribe anticoagulants or blood thinner to thin the blood clot. The common symptoms of pulmonary embolism are sudden shortness of breath and chest pain.
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mr. flynn has a left central venous line. on rounds, you notice the patient is cyanotic, lethargic, but arousable with a bp of 70/40 and an apical pulse of 120. you notice the tubing is disconnected. after clamping the line, your next action would be:
The minimal enteral nutrition may help increase effective intestinal blood flow and maintain mucosal integrity.
The hemodynamic stability is generally controversial during periods of significant hypotension. The hypotension patient has low sodium content in his body which is to be provided by the enteral nutrition.
Many vegetables are very rich in sodium which is to be boiled and strained then given to the patient.
Water should be given in proper interval.
Low carb diet should be given through the enteral feeding.
Hypotension treatment depends on the cause. Several medications are available to treat hypotension that occurs when standing up [ orthostatic hypotension]
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a patient who lives with a family member who has tuberculosis (tb) is concerned about contracting tb. based on the recommendation by the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc), which prophylactic regimen would the nurse anticipate for this patient?
Isoniazid Prophylaxis Therapy (IPT) is the recommendation of prophylactic regimen by the centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) concerning about contracting TB.
The counseled period of Isoniazid Prophylaxis Therapy (IPT) varies from half dozen to twelve months of continuous medical aid (9). Twelve months of medical aid is suggested for persons with HIV infection and persons with stable abnormal chest radiographs per past T.B..
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacteria referred to as tubercle bacillus. The bacterium typically attack the lungs, however TB bacterium will attack any a part of the body like the urinary organ, spine, and brain. Not everybody infected with TB bacterium becomes sick.
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a client is in labor and the nurse notes late decelerations on the fetal monitor and contractions every 1 to 3 minutes. oxytocin (pitocin) is being infused iv, oxygen is being delivered at 6 liters. the woman is positioned on her left side. what action by the nurse takes priority?
Nurse should Lower the head of the bed and turn the mom on her left side to take the pressure off the vena cava and allow blood flow to the heart and to the lungs.
What are Decelerations ?
A foetal heart rate deceleration is defined as a drop below the foetal baseline heart rate.
An early deceleration is defined as a waveform with a progressive drop and return to baseline that lasts more than 30 seconds from the start of the deceleration to the lowest point of the deceleration (nadir). The top of a contraction coincides with the nadir of the early deceleration.A late deceleration is described as a waveform with a derisive drop and return to baseline that lasts more than 30 seconds from the start of the deceleration to the lowest point of the deceleration (nadir).Therefore, Nurse should take the pressure off the vena cava and allow blood flow to the heart and to the lungs in case of Late Decelerations.
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intrauterine exposure to which factor could be responsible for a diagnosis of congenital heart disease? dextroamphetamine diabetes alcohol exposure viral infection
It indicates that congenital cardiac disease runs in families (inherited). It has a lot of genetic disorders attached to it. For instance, congenital heart abnormalities are common in children with Down syndrome.
What element leads to a congenital cardiac condition?It is brought on by faulty heart development during foetal growth in the womb. The majority of the time, there is no known cause for a baby's congenital cardiac problem. The number of chromosomes in a baby's body may be abnormal in some cases of congenital heart defects.
Which five primary forms of congenital heart disease are there?ventricular septal defect – a hole between the left and right ventricle. pulmonary valve stenosis – narrowing of the pulmonary valve.
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the nurse is monitoring the electronic fetal heart rate monitor and notes the following: variable v-shaped decelerations in the fetal heart rate (fh)r lasting about 30 seconds, accelerations of about 5 beats/min before and after each deceleration, no overshoot, and baseline fhr within normal limits. which response should the nurse prioritize?
The nurse should responses to , help the woman change positions.
What is the fetal heart rate?
Your baby's heart rate and rhythm are monitored during foetal heart rate monitoring (fetus). This enables your doctor to monitor the health of your infant.
Fetal cardiac monitoring may be performed by your healthcare practitioner during the latter stages of pregnancy and childbirth. Between 110 and 160 beats per minute is the typical foetal heart rate. There is a range of 5 to 25 beats per minute. As your unborn child adjusts to the environment in your uterus, the foetal heart rate may fluctuate. A foetal heart rate that is abnormal could indicate that your baby is not getting enough oxygen or that there are other issues.
Although a foetal scalp electrode may be required to obtain reliable continuous FHR monitoring, FHR monitoring is often carried out using a surface Doppler ultrasonography transducer. A peak or threshold voltage of the foetal R wave from the scalp electrode is utilised to calculate the FHR for internal monitoring. Be aware that only ruptured membranes and a marginally dilated cervix allow for the placement of a foetal scalp electrode. Chemoreceptor and baroreceptor activation in the peripheral and central nervous systems causes the FHR pattern to shift in response to foetal asphyxia. Various metabolic alterations in the foetal brain brought on by suffocation are also visible in the way that it has changed. The exact patterns and qualities that these variations in the FHR produce allow for an evaluation of the foetal condition.
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the nurse is caring for a client with aortic regurgitation. what medication will the nurse administer to reduce afterload?
Administration of vasodilators may be appropriate to improve systolic function and to decrease afterload.
They reduce arterial pressure by decreasing systemic vascular resistance. This benefits the patient in heart failure by reducing the afterload on the left ventricle, which enhances stroke volume and cardiac output and leads to secondary decreases in ventricular preload and venous pressures.
What is aortic regurgitation?
Aortic valve regurgitation — or aortic regurgitation — is a condition that occurs when your heart's aortic valve doesn't close tightly. As a result, some of the blood pumped out of your heart's main pumping chamber (left ventricle) leaks backward.
What is the most common cause of aortic regurgitation?
The most common cause of chronic aortic regurgitation used to be rheumatic heart disease, but presently it is most commonly caused by bacterial endocarditis.
Thus, the administration of vasodilators will reduce the afterload.
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a client with a brain tumor recently stopped radiation and chemotherapy for treatment of the cancer. the client recently reported dry mouth. which intervention by the hospice nurse demonstrates that the nurse understands treatment measures for dry mouth?
A client with a brain tumor recently stopped radiation and chemotherapy for treatment of the cancer. the client recently reported dry mouth. The hospice nurse to demonstrate to Provide gentle mouth care after each meal.
can be administered intravenously or taken orally as pills (intravenously). Temozolomide is the chemotherapy medication most frequently used to treat brain tumours (Temodar). Depending on the type of cancer, various chemotherapy medications could be suggested.
The type and dosage of medications you take during chemotherapy affect the adverse effects. Chemotherapy can result in hair loss, nausea, and vomiting.
The effectiveness of chemotherapy for you can be determined by tests on the cells in your brain tumour. The kind of brain tumour you have can also assist doctors decide whether to suggest treatment.
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. on which areas would the nurse focus when completing a preoperative physical examination??
Answer:
Operative body area or system
Explanation:
a 56-year-old man visits his primary care provider infrequently but has now presented with complaints of transient visual disturbances. assessment of the patient has yielded few remarkable findings with the exception of blood pressure (bp) of 169/106 mm hg. when do signs and symptoms of hypertension typically appear?
A 56-year-old client assessment's of the patient has yielded few remarkable findings with the exception of blood pressure (bp) of 169/106 mm hg is in Stage 2 hypertension
What is Hypertension?
The force produced by flowing blood on the walls of the body's arteries, or main blood vessels, is referred to as blood pressure. Hypertension is defined as too high blood pressure.BP is expressed as pair of two digit. The first number (systolic) reflects blood vessel pressure when the heart is contracting or beats. The second number (diastolic) indicates the blood pressure in the arteries between heartbeats.Hypertension is diagnosed when the blood pressure on both days is 140 mmHg and/or the systolic blood pressure on both days is 90 mmHg.
Hence, answer to this case study is Hypertension
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a patient tells you that a friend of theirs has recommended the use of caffeine to treat the patient's asthma. what would be the most important reason a nurse should counsel this patient not to delay prescribed treatment for the use of natural health products?
a client is admitted to a medical nursing unit with a diagnosis of acute blindness after being involved in a hit-and-run accident. when diagnostic testing cannot identify any organic reason why this client cannot see, a mental health consult is prescribed. the nurse plans care based on which condition that should be the focus of this consult?
When diagnostic testing cannot identify any organic reason why this client cannot see, a mental health consult is prescribed therefore the nurse plans care should be based on the conversion disorder condition which should be the focus of this consult and is denoted as option C.
Who is a Nurse?
This is referred to as healthcare professionals which specializes in taking care of the sick and ensuring that adequate recovery is achieved thereby reducing the risks of complications.
Conversion disorder on the other hand is a mental condition in which a person has blindness, paralysis etc that cannot be explained by medical evaluation.
In this scenario, the diagnostic testing cannot identify any reason for blindness which depicts conversion disorder and is the reason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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The options are:
1. psychosis
2. repression
3. conversion disorder
4. dissociative disorder
which information would the nurse include as part of the teaching plan for a client requested information on different methods of contraception
The information which the nurse should include as part of the teaching plan for a client requested information on different methods of contraception is that it helps prevent pregnancy.
What is Contraception?This is refereed to as the various methods and devices which is used to prevent pregnancy and is important in the area of family planning. It ensures that there is no contact or fusion of gametes which makes it very effective.
Different types of contraceptives include the use of IUD devices, pills etc and the information which should be provided by the nurse is that it helps to prevent pregnancy thereby making it the correct choice.
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at 3 years of age, a child has a cardiac catheterization. after the procedure, which interventions would be most important?
A week after the cath, your child may experience some soreness there. 2 weeks may pass before bruising fades. An under-the-skin lump (hematoma) may persist for up to 6 weeks.
What is cardiac catheterization?
It is a process where a small, flexible tube (catheter) is inserted into a blood vessel and guided to the heart to diagnose or treat certain heart diseases, such as blocked arteries or irregular heartbeats.
At the end of the procedure, one of these methods was used to stop the bleeding from the cath site:
1.Holding pressure
2.Perclose
3.Safe-Guard dressing
1.Following 24 hours, remove the dressing. A Band-Aid can be used every day for one to two days.
2.Dry off and keep the area tidy. Use mild soap and water to wash gently.
3.A three-day ban on using hot tubs, swimming pools, or spas. 24 hours following the surgery, your youngster can take a shower or sponge bath.
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When assessing the impact of medications on the etiology of acute renal failure, the nurse recognizes which of the following as the drug that is not nephrotoxic?
1. Gentamicin
2. Penicillin
3. Tobramycin
4. Neomycin
When assessing the impact of medications on the etiology of acute renal failure, the nurse recognizes penicillin as the drug that is not nephrotoxic.
Acute renal failure develops quickly over some hours or days. it's going to be fatal. It's most typical in people who are critically unwell and already hospitalised. Symptoms embrace remittent urinary output, swelling because of fluid retention, nausea, fatigue and shortness of breath. typically symptoms could also be delicate or might not seem in the least.
Penicillins are accustomed treat infections caused by microorganism. They work by killing the microorganism or preventing their growth. There are many completely different types of penicillins. Each is employed to treat completely different types of infections.
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migraine headaches appear to be associated with foods that precipitate changes in blood flow and neurotransmitter release in the brain. foods commonly cited as triggers include. red wine. aged cheese. cured meats. chocolate.
Numerous factors, including the prescription drugs you take, your hormones, and lack of sleep, might contribute to migraines.Most people have these headaches, and eating is the main culprit.
Can food trigger migraines?Alcohol (particularly red wine and beer), monosodium glutamate, chocolate, aged cheese, cured meats, smoked salmon, yeast extract, and food preservatives containing nitrates and nitrites are among the often cited migraine triggers Numerous factors, including the prescription drugs you take, your hormones, and lack of sleep, might contribute to migraines.Additionally, your nutrition has an impact.Most people have these headaches, and eating is the main culprit.Due to their anti-inflammatory properties, healthy fats like omega 3 have been found to be beneficial for migraine.Fish including salmon, mackerel, trout, and herring as well as seeds and walnuts frequently contain them.Adding flaxseed oil or fish oil supplements to your diet is another option.To learn more about migraine refer
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Answer: red wine, aged cheese, cured meats, chocolate
Explanation:
Harley has been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder and is seeing a therapist who is focused on reducing her radical behaviors, discussing her past traumatic experiences, and helping her to develop a sense of independence and self-respect. Harley’s therapist is most likely using.
Most likely, Harley's therapist will employ dialectical behavior therapy by noticing radical behaviors, discussing her past traumatic experiences, and helping her to develop a sense of independence and self-respect.
Dialectical behavior therapy: what is it?The management of emotions and social interactions is the main goal of dialectical behavior therapy. A type of treatment strategy called behavior therapy was first used to treat borderline personality disorder.
A lot of people are currently using this therapy to address other mental illnesses like depression, substance misuse, eating disorders, and self-harm.
Dialectical therapy aims to teach patients how to transform their life, including their unhelpful behavior, by assisting them in accepting the truths of their lives and actions.
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your patient has been on antibiotics for 6 weeks after a case of streptococcal endocarditis, an infection of the inner heart wall. the infection clears up. however, the patient just visited you about a urinary tract infection, and the lab verified that the culprit was e. coli. what do you hypothesize happened in this situation?
From the situation, we hypothesized that E. coli did not get affected because of which it created illness or caused infection in urinary tract.
What is UTI?
UTIs are frequent illnesses that develop when bacteria enter the urethra and infect the urinary tract. These germs are frequently from the skin or rectum. Although the infections can affect different regions of the urinary tract, a bladder infection is the most prevalent kind (cystitis). Another type of UTI is kidney infection, also known as pyelonephritis.
Her typical genitourinary tract microbiota were destroyed, which made it possible for E. coli—which was unaffected by the antibiotics—to cause an illness.Even after treatment, urinary tract infections (UTIs), which are among the most prevalent infections, frequently recur. E. coli, which lives in the stomach and spreads to the urinary system, is responsible for the majority of UTIs. E. coli, which naturally occurs in the gut, is the main cause of UTIs. The bacteria can cause issues if they move to the bladder and the opening of the urinary tract after being shed in the feces. According to conventional knowledge, UTIs typically repeat because bacterial populations from the stomach regularly reseed the urinary tract with bacteria that cause disease.
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What does histone deacetylase inhibitors do?
Answer: Inhibit histone deacetylases
Explanation: HDAC inhibitors are chemical compounds that inhibit histone deacetylases, enzymes that remove acetyl groups from lysine residues in the terminal tails of core histones which regulates histone acetylation. HDAC inhibitors have been used as mood stabilizers and anti-epileptics and are a new class of anti-cancer agents.
Inducing cell death, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a relatively new class of anti-cancer drugs that play significant roles in epigenetic or non-epigenetic regulation.
What is anti-cancer durg ?
An international medical publication called anti-Cancer Drugs was founded with the goal of advancing and encouraging anti-cancer agent research. It was initially published in 1990 and contains data on the findings of clinical and experimental research on everything from traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy to biological or hormonal response modalities.
Recently, it has been shown that a number of medications that were initially approved for purposes other than treating cancer also have a cytostatic effect on cancer cells. Since these medications have already undergone testing for toxicity in both humans and animals, they might be quickly converted into anti-cancer treatments.
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a pregnant client who developed deep vein thrombosis (dvt) in her right leg is receiving heparin i.v. on the medical floor. physical therapy is ordered to maintain her mobility and prevent additional dvt. a nursing assistant working on the medical unit helps the client with bathing, range-of-motion exercises, and personal care. which collaborative multidisciplinary considerations should the care plan address?
The collaborative multidisciplinary considerations which the care plan should address is the integration of the different treatment plans for adequate recovery of the patient.
What is an Exercise?This is referred to as a form of physical activity which helps to jeep a person fit and also improves the general well being of the individual and examples include running, weightlifting etc.
During pregnancy, there should be special care given to the mother so as to reduce the risk of complications which may arise during this period.
In this scenario, there are different treatment plans such as physical therapy, personal care etc and there is the need for the programs to be integrated so as to ensure that the adequate recovery of the client is achieved.
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Which group of drugs is used in animals with ammonium urate uroliths?
Answer:
xanthine oxidase inhibitors
Explanation:
a farm worker comes into the clinic reporting headache, dizziness, and muscle twitching after working in the fields. what condition does the nurse suspect?
health psych what is a difference between asthma and other chronic lung diseases like emphysema or chronic bronchitis?
The asthma may happen due to inflammation, or some allergies, like dust. It tightens the muscles of the airways, which makes breathing hard. Chronic bronchitis is more serious.
What is asthma?Asthma happens due to the presence of mucus in the airways. As the mucus fills the space of airways, the air can't enter and exit properly to the lungs. Hence, a person feels suffocated as not enough oxygen is reaching every organ of the body. It may happen due to dust, inflammation in the airways, or other allergies. A person sneezes and feels tight in the chest for a long time.
In chronic bronchitis, the symptoms can be seen for a long time. This is a more serious condition. It may cause pneumonia in the lungs, heart failure, etc.
Hence, asthma can be a short-term problem, but chronic bronchitis has a severe effect on the lungs
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when working with a patient who has a language barrier, what strategy should the medical assistant use?
when working with a patient who has a language barrier, the medical assistant should ensure simplicity. Keep your communication basic if your patient can only grasp a portion of your original language.
Avoid using slang, and try to use whole phrases that are succinct and to the point. The translation of lengthy explanations or sentences is more difficult.
No matter where care is provided, communication difficulties between nurses and patients are having an increasing impact on nursing practice. The proportion of American homes where a language other than English is spoken at home has increased to one out of every five since just after World War I. Patients with limited English proficiency are those who speak the language poorly (LEP).
Whether their patients don't comprehend what they're saying or they're practicing in a country where they aren't a native speaker, doctors frequently run into language obstacles when providing medical care. Fortunately, there are several of strategies for getting past language problems while maintaining the highest standards of care.
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what was the traditional method of reimbursement for health services before passage of the affordable care act (aca)?
The Affordable Care Act, also referred to as a obamacare was created to address health care.insurance for American families with modest incomes by way of premium tax credits and decreases in cost-sharing.
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) has given nurses a new, crucial role to play in the healthcare system. Working in tandem with all organisations to meet the client’s home health needs.Nurses can soon improve the health of families and communities by giving much-needed information on how to obtain the health insurance coverage that the Affordable Care Act (ACA) provides.The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has a number of provisions that aim to solve basic problems with how healthcare is delivered and paid for in the country.These provisions focus on three key areas: producing funds for system-wide reform, assisting the shift to payment based on the value of the care provided, and evaluating novel delivery models and putting them into practise.
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Assume that you are performing an EKG on an elderly patient with chest pain. What considerations should you take in account when performing the exam and interacting with this patient?
Answer:
Some considerations to take into account when performing an EKG on an elderly patient with chest pain include:
-The patient may be more frail and delicate, so be careful when handling them.
-The patient may be more susceptible to discomfort and pain, so take care to minimize any discomfort during the exam.
-The patient may have difficulty understanding instructions or questions, so take care to explain things clearly and slowly.
-The patient may have cognitive impairments that make it difficult to follow directions, so be patient and take care to ensure they understand what they need to do.
some consideration of EKG on an elderly patient with chest pain include p be careful when handling the patents, take care to minimize any discomfort during the exam, take care to explain things clearly and slowly.
what are the causes of chest pain ?Chest pain arises in many forms, ranging from a sharp stab to a dull ache, this pain feels crushing or burning, travels the pain passes up the neck, into the jaw, and then spreads to the back or down one or both arms.
The different cause of chest pain are due to problem in heart or lungs. this indicate a serious problem, it's important to seek immediate medical help.
chest discomfort related to a heart attack or another heart problem may be described by or associated with one or more of the reasons like Pressure, fullness, burning or tightness in your chest, Crushing or searing pain that spreads to your back, neck, jaw, shoulders, and one or both arms, Pain that lasts more than a few minutes.
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according to the textbook, which two supplements have been shown to help increase speed and power when taken correctly and combined with a solid foundation of proper training and nutrition? select one: a. fish oil and vitamin b12 b. creatine and protein bars c. creatine and beta-alanine d. green tea extract and caffeine
The two supplements which have been shown to help increase speed and power when taken correctly and combined with a solid foundation of proper training and nutrition are fish oil and vitamin b12 and is denoted as option A.
What is Nutrition?This is referred to as the processes which could be biochemical or physiological in which an organism uses food to support its life. This is needed for the growth and survival of the organism.
There are different types of nutrients such as carbohydrates which helps in the provision of energy to cells and protein which is responsible for growth and repair if wornout tissues,
The supplement increase speed and power when taken correctly and combined with a solid foundation of proper training and nutrition as it is very healthy for the heart and other vital cells.
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the means of prescribing a very small rate of enteral nutrition with the goal to minimize villous atrophy is known as:
Prescribing a very small rate of enteral nutrition with the goal to minimize villous atrophy is known as Trophic nutrition
What is Trophic nutrition?Trophic feeding is widely understood to be a little amount of balanced enteral nutrition that is insufficient to meet the patient's dietary demands but results in some favorable gastrointestinal or systemic benefits. Most neonatal nurseries consider feeding volumes of 10–12 cc/Kg/d or 1 cc/h to be trophic.Trophic feeds are characterized as having low breast feed quantities (10–15 mL/kg/day). Start trophic feeding ideally 24 hours after birth. Extremely preterm, extremely low birth weight (ELBW), or growth-restricted infants should be handled with caution. Consider formula milk if by 24-48 hours no mother or donor milk is present.Trophic feeding is the practice of administering little amounts of enteral meals to a preterm newborn in order to promote the development of their undeveloped gastrointestinal tract. This essay examines the randomized controlled trials.
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type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance in which insulin is unable to perform its many functions. insulin is one of the major hormones that regulates glucneogenesis. what symptoms would you expect in a type 2 diabetes patient if insulin is unable to perform these functions?
Type 2 diabetes is also known as 2 diabetes mellitus.
The effect of type 2 diabetes is, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (a hormone that regulates the movement of sugar into your cells) and the cells respond poorly to insulin and take in less sugar.
Food is broken down to glucose and this glucose needs to get in the cells by the help of insulin.
so, when the body resist the normal effect of insulin which is take the glucose in the cell. This condition is called insulin resistance.
Symptoms of type II diabetes include -
1. Hyperosmolar syndrome
2. Frequent urination
3. Blurred vision
4. Increased thirst
5. Increased hunger
6. weight loss
7. Slow-healing sores
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