The mass of an irregular object is 42.67 g. If it displaces a volume of water equivalent to 12.9 mL, what is the density?

Answer:

mole is a 6.022×10^-23 molecules while molar mass is the mass in grams of one mole of a substance

Explanation:

one just needs to know the atomic number of an element.to know it's molar mass.Molar mass equals atomic mass of an element

A connection needs more attractive forces than repellent ones in order to be stable.

The electrostatic pull that holds the atoms together to create compounds is the basis of chemical bonds. Stronger bonds and more stable compounds result from stronger electrostatic attraction. The bond will require more energy to be broken because of the electrostatic attraction, making it more stable. The bond will be less stable if the repulsive forces are too strong since they will make the link weaker and need less energy to break. A durable link between atoms requires that the attractive forces outweigh the repulsive forces.

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Two zinc wires are used to create a concentration cell, and two solutions—one containing 0.350 m ZnCl2 solution and the other 1.40 m Zn(NO3)2 solution—are used to create the cell with potential 0f 0.0178V

Given that Zn(NO3)2 solution = 1.40m and ZnCl2 solution = 0.350m

According to the reading given above, the response was:

Zn ==> Zn2+(0.350 M) oxidation on the left side of Zn | Zn2+(0.350 M) || Zn2+(1.40 M)

Zn2+(1.40M) + 2e- translates into a reduction of Zn(s) on the right side.

Zn2+(1.40M) ==> Zn2+ then (0.350M)

The formula is as follows:

Ecell = Eocell - RT ln Q, where Q = 0.350 / 1.40 = 0.25 and the temperature is assumed to be 25oC (298K),

gives us Ecell = Eocell - 0.0592 / 2 log Q and

Ecell = 0 - 0.0296 log 0.25

Ecell = -0.0296 * -0.602 = 0.0178V

This is the instantaneous cell potential, Ecell = +0.0178 V (notice the potential is positive, indicating the reaction is spontaneous). The cell potential will eventually reach zero.

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The partial pressure of helium gas is 162.24 ATM, and it is utilized in the gas mixture Heliox to assist patients with breathing.

A helium and oxygen gas mixture called Heliox is given to people who have trouble breathing. Using it for scuba diving is another usage. The overall pressure requirement is 4.2 atm. Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures states that since heliox is a mixture of only two gases—helium and oxygen—the total pressure in the tank must be equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the two gases. 20% oxygen and 80% helium make up heliox. A breathing gas called heliox is made up of helium (He) and oxygen (O2). It is used as a medicinal treatment for those who have respiratory problems.

Total pressure in Heloix =[tex]po= 208 atom[/tex]

Mole fraction of oxygen =[tex]x0=0.22[/tex]

Mole fraction of helium =[tex]xhc=1- xo=1-0.22=0.78[/tex]

According Dalton's law of partial pressure.

partial pressure of oxygen gas in Heloix:[tex]p0 * x0=208 atom *0.22=45.76 atom[/tex]

Partial pressure of helium gas in Heloix:

[tex]phc=po &xhc=208 atom *0.78=162.24 atm[/tex]

Partial pressure of helium gas is 162.24 atm.

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Lattice energy relates to the attraction between ions and the stability of an ionic compound in which lattice energy increases for ions with higher charges and shorter distances between ions.

Lattice energy is a measure of the strength of the ionic bonds in an ionic compound. It provides insight into several properties of ionic solids including their volatility, their solubility, and their hardness.

For example, when sodium ion (Na+) combines with chloride ion (Cl–), sodium chloride (NaCl) crystal forms, and 787.3 kJ of energy is released. Another example, when calcium ion (Ca2+) combines with oxide ion (O2-), calcium oxide (CaO) crystal forms, and 3414 kJ of energy is released.

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Mass spectrometers may be used to pick out unknown compounds through molecular weight determination, to quantify regarded compounds, and to decide shape and chemical residences of molecules.

The relative abundance of every isotope may be decided the usage of mass spectrometry. A mass spectrometer ionizes atoms and molecules with a high-power electron beam after which deflects the ions via a magnetic discipline primarily based totally on their mass-to-charge ratios ( m / z m/z m/z ). In a pure sample of an element, the mass of that element is represented as an m/z ratio and can be used to identify the element. Also, identification of an element can be done by calculating the average atomic mass from the mass spectrum data.

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Answer:          

Phosphorus, sulphur and chlorine have 5, 6 and 7 valence electrons respectively. They accept 3, 2 and 1 electrons respectively. It is easier to accept 1 electron than 2 or 2 electrons than 3. Hence, phosphorus is least reactive followed by sulphur and chlorine which is most reactive.

Explanation:

Keeping in mind that, in accordance with the half reaction, gold can be plated from an Au3+-containing solution. Au3+(aq) + 3 e- Au (s) = (M(Au)It)/nF = (197g/mol5.5A25min60sec/min)/(396500C/m.

How to Determine the Required Current Find out how much a material is created or absorbed by moles. For the half-reaction that is occurring, write the equation. Determine the necessary amount of electron moles. Turn coulombs of charge into moles of electrons. Calculate the needed current.

We can easily calculate current by dividing the total charge by the measurement period. I = Q t, where I stands for current, Q for charge, and t for time, is a formula for calculating current.

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If the liquid's behavior in a glass capillary with a convex meniscus is determined by strong interactions with the capillary glass, then the alternative is false. Thus, option D is the best choice.

Capillaries made of glass come in a variety of outer diameters, from 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm. They are made for x-ray data collecting and can mount, hold, and store crystals of tiny molecules and biological macromolecular specimens. Additionally, crystal density measurements and crystal development investigations can be conducted with the use of capillaries.

Healthcare establishments like hospitals, clinics, doctors' offices, blood banks, and labs all employ glass capillary tubes to collect blood samples for analysis.

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The right question is:

Which choice is not true of a liquid in a glass capillary with a convex meniscus?

The starting isotope for the formation of Molybdenum-99 by the neutron bombardment of a naturally occurring isotope is Molybdenum-98, ⁹⁸₄₂Mo.

Nuclear reactions are reactions in which there are changes in the particle present in the nucleus of an atom of an element.

The particles found in the nucleus of an element are protons and neutrons. Changes that occur in the number of these particles result in the formation of isotopes of elements or entirely new elements.

Nuclear reactions are represented by nuclear equations.

The nuclear equation for the formation of Molybdenum-99 by the neutron bombardment of a naturally occurring isotope is shown below:

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Complete question:

Molybdenum-99 is formed by the neutron bombardment of a naturally occurring isotope. If one neutron is absorbed and no byproducts are formed, what is the starting isotope?

Explanation:

STP= 0 degrees

1atm or 101.3 kpa

[tex]pv = nrt[/tex]

P=101.3 kpa

v=?

n=mass/molar mass of co2=56/44.01

r=8.314

T=-273 K

[tex]101.3 \times v = \frac{56}{44.01} \times 8.314 \times 273 [/tex]

[tex]v = 28.5l[/tex]

0.750 moles of nitrogen will occupy 1.500 I under certain conditions in which 0.300 moles of nitrogen gas occupies 0.600.

The amount of moles of a gas is proportional to the volume it occupies under certain conditions. Therefore, the number of moles of a gas that occupies 1.500 liters under the same conditions can be determined by using the following equation:

Moles = (Volume of original sample × Moles of the original sample) / Volume of new sample

Moles = (0.600 liters × 0.300 moles) / 1.500 liters

Moles = 0.750 moles

Therefore the correct answer to this question is option number 3 which is   0.750 moles.

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Number of moles of gas that would occupy a volume of 22.4 L at pressure of 745 torr and a temperature of 26⁰C is 90811.4 moles of gas.

An ideal gas is a theoretical gasoline composed of many randomly moving point debris that aren't challenge to interparticle interactions. the suitable fuel concept is useful because it obeys an appropriate fuel law, a simplified equation of nation, and is amenable to evaluation under statistical mechanics.

Calculation:-

By ideal gas law,

PV = n RT

P = pressure of gas, given = 745 torr = 99325 Pa

V = volume of gas, given = 22.4 L

n = number of moles of gas

R = gas constant, given = 0.0821

T = temperature of a gas, given = 299 K

Put the values in formula, PV = nRT

n = PV/RT

n = 90811.4

Hence, the moles of gas is 90811.4.

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a. Atomic radius is a measure of the size of an atom, typically defined as the distance from the center of the nucleus to the outermost valence electron.

b. An electron shell is a region of space around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are most likely to be found.

c. As more electrons and shells are added to an atom, the overall size of the atom increases.

d. The trend in atomic radius is that it generally decreases as we go across a period (from left to right) and increases as we go down a group (from top to bottom) on the periodic table.

Lithium and sodium are both alkali metals and have similar electronic structures, with one valence electron in the outermost electron shell. They differ in the number of protons and neutrons in their nuclei, which affects the overall size of the atom. Lithium has three protons and four neutrons in its nucleus, while sodium has 11 protons and 12 neutrons. As a result, sodium is larger than lithium, with a larger atomic radius.

When more electrons and shells are added to an atom, it will increasing the atom size. This is because the additional electrons are farther from the nucleus and contribute to the overall size of the atom. Additionally, as more electron shells are added, the shielding effect of the inner electrons increases, which means that the outer electrons experience less attraction to the nucleus and are therefore less tightly bound. This can also contribute to the overall size of the atom.

Atomic radius is that it generally decreases as we go across a period (from left to right) and increases as we go down a group (from top to bottom) on the periodic table. This is because as we go across a period, the number of protons in the nucleus increases, which increases the overall positive charge and attracts the valence electrons more strongly. This causes the valence electrons to be more closely bound to the nucleus, leading to a smaller atomic radius. As we go down a group, the number of electron shells increases, which increases the size of the atom overall. Additionally, the outermost valence electrons are farther from the nucleus and experience less attraction, which also contributes to the overall increase in size.

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The empirical formula of the compound is C3H4.

Solution:

For the simplest ratio device both moles by lowest mole.

C = 0.00864/0.00864  = 1 x 3 = 3

H = 0.0115/0.00864 = 1.33 x3 = 4

The empirical formula is = C3H4

An empirical formula is the chemical formula of a compound that indicates the proportion of elements present in the compound but does not indicate the actual number or arrangement of atoms. This will be the smallest integer ratio of the elements in the compound.

The molecular formula is the simplest formula for a compound and is defined as the ratio of the smallest possible integer exponents of the elements in the formula. Also known as the simplest formula. Pharmaceutical companies use empirical studies to test certain drugs in controlled or random groups to study effects and causes.

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KP is 111.11 for CaCl2 if 200. 0 g of CaCl2 are required to aturate 100. 0 mL of solution.

Kp is nothing but equilibrium constant. chemical reaction's constant is the value of its reaction coefficient at equilibrium state, a state attained by a dynamic chemical equilibrium after a sufficient amount of time has passed where its structure has no quantifiable tendency to change further. At equilibrium, the equilibrium constant can tell us if the reaction has a greater density of product lines as well as reactants. Equilibrium constants include stabilisation constants, forming constants, conditional constants, association constants, and depersonalisation constants.

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The volume of hydrogen chloride gas that will be produced when 163.7 L of hydrogen gas reacts with excess chlorine gas is 327.4 L

First, we shall obtain the balanced equation for the reaction. This is shown below:

H₂(g) + Cl₂(g) -> 2HCl(g)

From the balanced equation above,

1 L of H₂ reacted to produce 2 L of HCl

With the above information, we can obtain the volume of hydrogen chloride gas, HCl produced when 163.7 L of hydrogen gas reacts. Details below:

From the balanced equation above,

1 L of H₂ reacted to produce 2 L of HCl

Therefore,

163.7 L of H₂ will react to produce = 163.7 × 2 = 327.4 L of HCl

Thus, the volume of hydrogen chloride gas produced is 327.4 L

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a) The molecular orbital diagram of carbide ion in ground state is attached in the image below and b) The bond order of C22- is 2 and C) the molecule is diamagnetic.

a) The valence electrons of the carbide ion into the given diagram in order to create the molecular orbital diagram for the carbide ion in its ground state is given as by deriving bond order as follows:

b) The bond order can be calculated as follows:

Bond order=8-2/2=2

c) The molecular orbital diagram of carbide ion in ground state is attached in the image below. This molecule is diamagnetic in nature. A diamagnetic substance is one whose atoms have no permanent magnetic dipole moment.

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Answers

Xenon tetroxide is present in the atmosphere

Chemists are interested in researching thermochemistry because heat is produced when a hot and cold substance come into contact until thermal equilibrium is attained.

In general, heat (thermal energy) is transferred from the hotter to the colder item when they come into contact.When two objects are in touch, the warmer object's faster-moving particles collide with the colder object's slower-moving particles. Heat will transfer from a hot object to a cold one when they are in close proximity. Heat transfer, thermal transfer, or heat transfer are all terms used to describe the area of physics that analyzes these phenomena.

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The buffer solution made with 0.18 M [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] and 0.27 M [tex]NH_{4}Cl[/tex] has a pH of 5.14.

A buffer solution is an aqueous mixture of a weak acid and either its conjugate base or base itself. When a modest amount of a strong acid or base is applied to it, the pH hardly changes at all. A multitude of chemical applications use buffer solutions to maintain pH at a practically constant value. Numerous living systems use buffering to control pH in the natural world.

A buffer solution, which has a constant pH value, is used to keep the solution's pH within the appropriate range. Buffers come in both acidic and basic varieties.

Given,

The buffer solution made with 0.18 M [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] and 0.27 M [tex]NH_{4}Cl[/tex] and

[tex]k_{b}[/tex] of NH₃ = 1.8 × 10⁻⁵

Then, we know

[tex]pk_{b}[/tex] = - log ([tex]k_{b}[/tex])

       = - log (1.8 × 10⁻⁵)

       = 4.74

Now,

By Henderson equation, We get

pH = [tex]pk_{b}[/tex] +ln [[tex]NH_{4}Cl[/tex] / [tex]NH_{3}[/tex]]

     = 4.74 + ln (0.27 /0.18)

     = 5.14

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5s²5p⁵ has high electron affinity.

5s² 5p⁵ are halogens and halogens have high electron affinity. They are called group seven elements. They are present in the p-block of the periodic table. The energy that is released when an electron is added to a neutral atom to create an anion is called electron affinity. When an electron is added to a neutral gaseous atom to create a negative ion, the atom's potential energy changes. This shift is known as electron affinity. Therefore, the electron addition process is more favorable the greater negative the electron affinity. Because not all elements can produce stable negative ions, the electron affinity can be negative or even positive in some cases.

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Consequently, each C-H bond in methane can be understood as the overlap of a half-filled 1s orbital in four hydrogen atoms with the bigger lobe of one of the four half-filled sp3 hybrid orbitals to generate a four equivalent sigma () bond.

By combining one orbital with three p orbitals, methane molecules hybridize. One unpaired electron can be found in each orbital.

Four covalent connections between the carbon and hydrogen atoms make up the methane molecule. Due to the presence of bonds on the core atom's four sides, the arrangement of the molecule exhibits a fair amount of symmetry.

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The resulting carbocation is achiral. Hence, the correct option is B.

Racemisation is defined as a process in which optically active compounds (consisting of a single enantiomer) are converted into an equal mixture of enantiomers with zero optical activity (a racemic mix). The rate of the racemisation depends upon the molecule and conditions such as pH and temperature.

When racemisation occurs at a single stereocentre of a chiral compound, the resulting carbocation is achiral. Carbocation has trigonal planar structure, so it is optically inactive.

If the starting molecule is chiral, the resulting products should be racemisation products or enantiomers. Racemisation takes place whenever the reaction causes chiral molecules to be converted to an achiral intermediate.

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The phenolphthalein the indicator was added, and  solution was titrated with the 0.215 M NaOH until the indicator will turned pink. the exact volume of NaOH 22.75 ml. The concentration of the HCl in 10 mL is 0.489 M.

Given that :

concentration , M1 = ?

volume V1 = 10 mL

concentration , M2 = 0.215 M

volume V2 = 22.75 mL

the reaction is :

HCl + NaOH ---->  NaCl  +  H₂O

1 mole HCl react with the 1 mole of the NaOH

the expression is given below :

M1 V1 = M2 V2

M1 = M2 V2 / V1

M1 = ( 0.215 × 22.75 ) / 10

M1 = 0.489 M

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The valence electronic configuration of group 17 is s² p⁵, and that for group one is s¹ and group 16 is s² p⁴. For group 3 -12 the valence electrons fill in d - orbitals. and for group 2 it is s². for group 13- s² p¹. For lanthanides and actinides, the valence electrons fill in f- orbitals.

The filling of electrons of an atom from the lower energy level to the higher energy level is called its electronic configuration. The group number for atom with  3 and more electrons are 10 added to these numbers.

For group 15, there are 5 valence electrons and the valence electronic configuration is :  s² p³.

For group 18 :  s² p⁶.

For group 16 : the valence configuration is s² p⁴. And for group 17 it is s² p⁵. Group 1 and 2 have the valence electronic configuration as  s¹ and s² respectively.

Group 14, the configuration is s² p² and the that for group 13 is s² p¹.  Elements of group 3 - 12 are d - block elements. The valence electrons of  these elements fall in d- orbital.

Similarly lanthanides and actinides are f - block elements. Their valence electrons are filled in f- orbitals.

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The products of the given chemical equation is given serially 1) zinc nitrate and lead bromide,2) hydrogen chloride and copper bromide 3) sodium phosphate and potassium acetate .

Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.

The first chemical equation was put forth by Jean Beguin in 1615.By making use of chemical equations the direction of reaction ,state of reactants and products can be stated. In the chemical equations even the temperature to be maintained and catalyst can be mentioned.

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Answer:

Explanation:

to find standard reduction potential we have to know one formula

that is E°cell = E cathode - E anode

where the cathode is always one with more negative signs and the anode would always be a less negative sign or more positive value.

The H ion concentration at pH 2 is 10-² mol/litre, at pH 6 is 10-⁶ mol/litre and concentration of H ion at pH 2 is 10,000 times more than H concentration at pH 6.

The H ion concentration can are related to each other as follows -

pH = - log (H)

For the pH 2

Keep the values in equation

2 = - log (H)

H = 10-² mol/litres

For the pH 6

6 = - log (H)

Keep the value in equation

H = 10-6 mo/litre

Excess acidic character -

Acidic character = 10-²/10-⁶

Performing division on Right Hand Side of the equation

Acidic character = 10⁴

So, the hydrogen ion concentration at 2 is 10,000 times more hydrogen ion concentration at pH 6.

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