The group of atoms that is responsible for the characteristic properties of a family of organic compounds is called a functional group.
Functional groups are groups of one or extra atoms with exclusive chemical homes regardless of what's connected to them. The atoms of practical agencies are certain via covalent bonds with one another and with the relaxation of the molecule.
Functional groups include:
hydroxyl, methyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate, sulfhydryl.An atom or institution of atoms that replaces hydrogen in a natural compound that defines the shape of a family of compounds and determines the properties of the family.
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What is the total mass of the protons in a`typical ammonia (NH3) molecule? The mass of a proton is 1.673 × 10^-24 g, of a neutron 1.675 × 10^-24 g, and of an electron
9.109 × 10^-28 g.
The total mass of the protons is 1.338 * 10^-23 g
What is a proton?A proton is the positively charged particle in an atom. It is found in the nucleus along with the neutrons and are collectively called the nucleons.
The hydrogen atom has only one proton while the nitrogen atom has seven protons. Thus makes a total of eight protons in the ammonia molecule.
Hence, the total mass of protons in the ammonia molecule =
8 ( 1.673 × 10^-24 g) = 1.338 * 10^-23 g
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What volume is occupied by 9.50 g c6h12 at stp (standard temperature and pressure)?
Molar mass
6(12)+12(1)7(12)84g/molNo of moles
Given mass/Molar mass9.5/840.113molVolume
22.4L(0.113)2.5LWhat is the symbol of the species with 23 protons and 21 electrons?
Answers
V^2-
V^2+
Na^2+
Sc^2+
Na^2-
Sc^2-
[tex]V^{2+}[/tex]is the symbol of the species with 23 protons and 21 electrons.
Hence, option F is correct.
What is a proton?Electrons are a type of subatomic particle with a negative charge. Protons are a type of subatomic particle with a positive charge.
If it has 23 protons, then its proton number (also know as its atomic number) is 23. You can look that symbol up in your periodic table.
If it has 21 electrons then it has a net charge of 23(+) - 21. So we know the ionisation state of the species, and we can record that as a superscript after the symbol for the species.
Hence, [tex]V^{2+}[/tex] is the symbol of the species with 23 protons and 21 electrons.
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state two properties of sulphur that makes it possible to extract using the frasch process
Explanation:
sulphur has a low melting point.
sulphur has a low boiling point thus it can be extracted by pumping hot water which turns it ito solution form
How many unique tripeptides can be formed from 1 serine residue, 1 threonine residue, and 1 isoleucine residue
Answer:
6 (STI, SIT, TIS, ITS, IST
0.546 g sample of pure oxalic acid (H2C2O4) crystals is dissolved in water and titrated with 22.40 mL of a potassium hydroxide solution. What is the molarity of the KOH(aq)
The molarity of KOH is 0.2678 moles/L.
What is the molarity(M)?The number of moles of solute per liter of solution is known as Molarity.The formula to find the molarity is;
Molarity(M) = number of moles/ volume of solutions in liter.
Define mole?The amount of a substance that contains exactly [tex]6.02214076\times10^{23}[/tex]elementary entities of the given substance can be defined as a mole.The formula to find the number of moles of a substance is;Number of moles(n) = mass of the substance/Molar mass
The mass of Oxalic acid is 0.546g.
The molar mass of Oxalic acid [tex]H_{2}C_{2}O_{4}[/tex] is 90g (1*2+12*2+16*4=90)
The number of moles of Oxalic acid is,
n = 0.546/90
n = 0.006 moles
So, the number of moles of Oxalic acid is 0.006 moles.
The volume of KOH is 22.40mL = 22.40*1000 = 0.0224L
Therefore the molarity of KOH is,
M = number of moles/ volume of solutions in liter
M = 0.006/0.0224
M = 0.2678 moles/L
Therefore, the molarity of KOH is 0.2678 moles/L
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Complete each row of the table below by filling in the missing prefix or missing exponent.
The given question is based on the concept of conversion factor
1 KL = 10³ L, 1cL = 10⁻³ L, 1dL = 10⁻² L, 1 nL = 10⁻⁹ L
What is Conversion factor ?A conversion factor is an expression for the relationship between units that is used to change the units of a measured quantity without changing the value.
A conversion ratio (or unit factor) always equals one (1), where the numerator and the denominator have the same value expressed in different units.
Hence, The complete filled table is given as follows ;
1 KL = 10³ L,
1cL = 10⁻³ L,
1dL = 10⁻² L,
1 nL = 10⁻⁹ L
Where,
KL is KilolitrecL is centilitredL is decilitrenL is nanolitreLearn more about conversion factor here ;
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How is a compound different than a
mixture?
a. A compound can be separated by physical
means.
b. A mixture can be separated by physical
means.
c. A mixture is made of only one type of
atom.
d. A compound is made of only one type of
atom
B
A mixture can be separated by a physical means because there is no chemical bond between the constituents
A key element to successful response to a chemical, biological, or radiological incident is the rapid identification of the hazard and immediate:
A key element to a successful response to a chemical, biological, or radiological incident is the rapid identification of the hazard and immediate control over all responding units.
Rapid techniques commonly used for species identification consist of species-precise primer pairs and probes, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment period polymorphisms (AFLP), restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP), and karyotyping.
Elements favoring fast identity kits are reduced time in getting ready, inoculating, incubating, and cleaning up; also a convenience, decreased area for trying out and garage, ease of operation, and saving of cloth and cash are many motives for the food industry to use rapid identification structures for ordinary.
A urine lifestyle test can discover micro organism or yeast causing urinary tract contamination (UTI). If microorganisms multiply, an antibiotic sensitivity take look at can discover the antibiotic most in all likelihood to kill those specific bacteria. Your healthcare issuer may additionally order a urine tradition if you get persistent or difficult-to-deal with UTIs.
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352 mL of chlorine under a pressure of 680. mm Hg are placed in a container under a
pressure of 1210 mm Hg. The temperature remains constant at 296 K. What is the
volume of the container in liters? (1 L = 1000 mL)
Explanation:
show the volume of container is equal to 198.82ml
4. An industrial gas storage tank with adjustable pressure has volume of 100.0 L when the
gas temperature is 55.0°C. Calculate the temperature of the gas if the volume drops to
75.0 L with no loss in pressure.
Taking into account the Charles' law, the temperature of the gas if the volume drops to 75.0 L is 246 K or -27 C.
Charles' lawCharles' law establishes the relationship between the temperature and the volume of a gas when the pressure is constant. This law says that for a given sum of gas at constant pressure, as the temperature increases, the volume of the gas increases and as the temperature decreases, the volume of the gas decreases. That is, the volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.
Mathematically, Charles' law is a law that says that when the amount of gas and pressure remain constant, the ratio between volume and temperature will always have the same value:
[tex]\frac{V}{T}=k[/tex]
Considering an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is fulfilled:
[tex]\frac{V1}{T1}=\frac{V2}{T2}[/tex]
Final temperatureIn this case, you know:
V1= 100 LT1= 55 C= 328 K (being 0 C= 273 K)V2= 75 LT2= ?Replacing in Charles's law:
[tex]\frac{100 L}{328 K}=\frac{75 L}{T2}[/tex]
Solving:
[tex]T2x\frac{100 L}{328 K}=75 L[/tex]
[tex]T2=\frac{75 L}{\frac{100 L}{328 K}}[/tex]
T2= 246 K= -27 C
Finally, the temperature of the gas if the volume drops to 75.0 L is 246 K or -27 C.
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Increased concentrations of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in adults are most characteristically associated with:
Concentrations of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP):
Increased concentrations of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in adults are most characteristically associated with Hepatocellular carcinoma.
Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP):
It is a protein produced in a developing baby's liver. When a newborn is born, their AFP levels are typically high, but by the time they turn one, they are quite low. AFP levels in healthy persons should be extremely low. For adults, a typical AFP level ranges from 10 ng/mL to 20 ng/mL.
In reaction to cancer in the body, normal or cancerous cells produce chemicals known as tumor markers. High levels of AFP can indicate noncancerous liver illnesses such as cirrhosis and hepatitis as well as cancers of the testicles, ovaries, or liver.
Thus, one of the risk factors for Hepatocellular carcinoma has been proven to be a persistent increase in AFP serum levels.
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The concentration ratio for an oligopoly is Group of answer choices Over 60 percent 90 percent 100 percent Under 40 percent
The concentration ratio for an oligopoly is Over 60 percent.
The concentration ratio reveals the intensity of rivalry among the businesses that make up an industry. It measures the size of the firms in relation to the total industry. The presence of a monopoly in a certain industry or the absence of competition for such enterprises are both indicated by high concentration ratios that are closer to 100%.As a general rule, an oligopoly is present when the top five companies in the market account for more than 60% of all market sales. When one company's concentration ratio equals 100 percent, the market is said to be monopolized.learn more about oligopoly here: https://brainly.com/question/13635083
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How many faradays are transferred in an electrolytic cell when a current of 2.0 A flows for 12 hours
The Faradays transferred during the process is 86400 C.
An electric current in a circuit is calculated by dividing the total charge that runs in the circuit with the total time taken.
I = Q/t
Rearrange the formula to express it in terms of charge.
Q = I x t
Calculations:
Convert 12 h to s.
12 h = (12 x 60 x 60) s = 43200 s
Substitute the values in the above formula.
Q = 2.0 C/s x 43200 s
= 86400 C
Therefore, the charge (Faradays) transferred in an electrolytic cell is 86400 C.
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What volume of SO2, at room temperature and pressure is produced on heating 9.7g
of Zinc Sulphide (ZnS) if reaction takes place as follows
2ZnS()+ 302(g)
→2ZnO(+2SO2(g)
(A) 2.4 dm³
(B) 4.8 dm³
(C) none of these
Answer:
C. None of these
2 volumes of zinc sulphide produces two volumes of Sulphur dioxide. So, 9.7g of ZnS will produce nothing less than 9.7g of SO2.
Determine physiological temperature, 98.6 F in degree C
Answer:
37
Explanation:
( 98.6 - 32 ) × 5(100c) ÷ 9(180f) = 37
In a __________ elimination, the base extracts a proton and the leaving group leaves simultaneously. In a __________ process, the leaving group leaves ___________ the base abstracts a proton. g
In a Base catalyst elimination, the base extracts a proton and the leaving group leaves simultaneously. In a Concentrated process, the leaving group leaves the base abstracts a proton.
Just as there are two mechanisms of substitution (SN2 and S N1), there are two
mechanisms of elimination (E2 and E1).
E2 mechanism — bimolecular elimination
E1 mechanism — unimolecular elimination
The E2 and E1 mechanisms differ in the timing of bond cleavage and bond formation, analogous to the SN2 and S N1 mechanisms.
E2 and S N2 reactions have some features in common, as do E1 and SN1 reactions.
Base removes a proton from the β-carbon atom,
while the halogen atom leaves from the α-carbon resulting in the formation of a π-bond. Such eliminations are also called β-eliminatione liminations are also called β elimination reactions
In a base-catalyzed elimination reaction, the base takes away a proton from the β position of the leaving group (the group that goes away with the bonding pair of electrons) and a double bond is formed. When the base is bulky it prefers to take away the proton from the less hindered position.
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What conclusion can you make about the atomic number and the number of neutrons for the first 20 elements of the Periodic Table?
Answer: It has more neutrons. Its mass number is larger than the atomic mass number for carbon.
Explanation:
We can see that all the isotopes of Carbon occupies the same slot in the periodic table and thus the same periodic number.
Atomic number of carbon = 6
Periodic Table gives us the information of Atomic number and mass number of atoms of an element.
Atomic number does not give any information about the number of neutrons of an atom. Atomic number of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element.
Mass number is defined as the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom. Mass number of a typical carbon atom is equal to 12.
Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in number of neutrons. Hence, the mass number of different isotopes of the same element varies and gives us information about the number of neutrons present in that atom at the same time.
The mass number of Carbon-14 is equal to 14.
Atomic number of C-14 = Protons in Carbon-14 = 6
Neutrons in Carbon-14 = Mass Number - Atomic Number
Neutrons in C-14 = 14-6
= 8
A sample of ethanol (C2H6O) has a mass of 0.2301 g. Complete combustion of this sample causes the temperature of a bomb calorimeter to increase by 1.33°C. The calorimeter has a mass of 2.000 kg and a specific heat of 2.45 J/g•°C.
The number of mole of ethanol present in the sample is 0.005 mole
Description of moleThe mole of a substance is related to it's mass and molar mass according to the following equation
Mole = mass / molar mass
With the above formula, we can obtain the mole of ethanol
How to determine the mole of ethanolMass of ethanol = 0.2301 gMolar mass of ethanol = 46 g/molMole of ethanol = ?Mole = mass / molar mass
Mole of ethanol = 0.2301 / 46
Mole of ethanol = 0.005 mole
Complete question
A sample of ethanol (C2H6O) has a mass of 0.2301 g. Complete combustion of this sample causes the temperature of a bomb calorimeter to increase by 1.33°C. The calorimeter has a mass of 2.000 kg and a specific heat of 2.45 J/g•°C. How many moles of ethanol are present in the sample?
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Which of the following is an example of a change of state?
OA. A white wall is painted red.
B. Drops of water form on the outside of a cold glass.
O C. Corn is ground into flour.
D. A piece of paper turns into ash when it burns.
Answer:
Option B
Explanation:
For Option A the state is not changing but just has different look now. For Option B the state is changing from gas to liquid drops due to cold glass For Option C it hasn't changed state as both corn and flower is solidFor Option D paper and ash are both solidsTherefore our answer must be Option B
Pt 2. Chem Reactions 50 PTS
Hey, I need help with Chemistry. Please also provide an explanation as well!!
The red colour is the limiting reactant.
Red-blue colour ball and two white balls attached together are reactants.
Red-blue colour ball and two white and one red colour ball attached to each other are products.
What is a limiting reagent?The reactant that is entirely used up in a reaction is called a limiting reagent.
A reactant is a substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction. The substance(s) to the right of the arrow are called products.
A product is a substance that is present at the end of a chemical reaction.
Hence,
The red colour is the limiting reactant.
Red-blue colour ball and two white balls attached together are reactants.
Red-blue colour ball and two white and one red colour ball attached to each other are products.
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A piece of iron has a mass of 35,342 grams. Iron has a density of 7.9 grams per cubic centimeter. Find the volume of the piece of iron to the nearest cubic centimeter.
The volume of the piece of iron to the nearest cubic centimeter is 4473.6 cubic centimeter.
Calculation of volume:-density = mass / volume
volume = mass/ density
=35342/ 7.9
=4473.6 cubic centimeter
Describe density.The density of a substance indicates how dense it is in a given area. Mass per unit volume is the definition of a material's density. In essence, density is a measurement of how closely stuff is packed. It is a particular physical characteristic of a specific thing. The Greek scientist Archimedes made the discovery of the density principle. If you are familiar with the formula and the relevant units, calculating density is simple. The letter D can also be used to signify density instead of the symbol.
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If you mix 200.0 mL of a 0.150 M solution of silver acetate with 2.500 g of copper metal you will get a single replacement reaction. What mass of Silver metal will you produce if the reaction has a 45.0% efficiency?
Answer: 2.11 g
Explanation:
[tex]$$Equation: $2 \mathrm{AgC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{Cu}(s) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)_{2}(a q)+2 \mathrm{Ag}(s)$[/tex]
[tex]$$No of moles of $\mathrm{Ag}$ produced from $\mathrm{Cu}=2.500 \mathrm{~g} \times \frac{1 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{Cu}}{63.55 \mathrm{~g}} \times \frac{2 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{Ag}}{1 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{Cu}}$ $=0.07868 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{Ag}$[/tex]
[tex]$$No of moles of $\mathrm{Ag}$ produced from $\mathrm{AgC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}=200.0 \mathrm{~mL} \times \frac{1 \mathrm{~L}}{1000 \mathrm{~mL}} \times \frac{0.150 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{AgC_{2 } \mathrm { H } _ { 3 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 }}}{1 \mathrm{~L}}$ $=0.0300 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{Ag}$[/tex]
[tex]Since $\mathrm{AgC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}$ limits the production of $\mathrm{Ag}, \mathrm{AgC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}$ acts as the limiting reactant \\\\No of moles of Ag formed $=0.0300 \mathrm{~mol}$\\Theoretical yield of $\mathrm{Ag}=0.0300 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{Ag} \times \frac{108 \mathrm{~g}}{1 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{Ag}}=3.24 \mathrm{~g}$\\Actual yield of silver $=65.0 \%(3.24 \mathrm{~g})$$$=\frac{65.0}{100}(3.24 \mathrm{~g})=2.106 \mathrm{~g} \approx 2.11 \mathrm{~g}$$[/tex]
When butane burns completely, only water and carbon dioxide gas are produced. If 11.6 g of butane and 40.0 L of oxygen at 22.0o C and 102 kPa react, what volume of carbon dioxide gas also at 22.0o C and 102 kPa can be collected over water. The vapour pressure of water at 22.0o C is 2.24 kPa.
2C4H10(g) + 13O2(g) --> 10H2O(g) + 8CO2(g)
19.7 litre volume of carbon dioxide gas at 22.0o C and 102 kPa can be collected over water.
What is vapour pressure?Vapour pressure is a measure of the tendency of a material to change into the gaseous or vapour state, and it increases with temperature.
Moles of Butane = mass in grams / molar mass = 11.6 / 58.12 = 0.2
Volume of [tex]O_2[/tex] (V) = 40 liter
Temperature (T) = 22°C = 22 + 273 = 295 K
Pressure (P) = 102 kPa = 102 / 101.325 = 1.007 atm
Moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] (n) can be calculated by ideal gas equation.
PV = nRT
n = 1.007 40 ÷ 0.0821 295 = 1.663
Balanced chemical reaction;
2[tex]C_4H_10[/tex] + 13[tex]O_2[/tex] ---> 8[tex]CO_2[/tex] + 10[tex]H_2O[/tex]
From reaction;
13 moles [tex]O_2[/tex] require 2 moles [tex]C_4H_10[/tex]
So, 1.663 moles [tex]O_2[/tex] will require = 2 x 1.663 ÷13 = 0.256 moles of [tex]C_4H_10[/tex]
Thus [tex]C_4H_10[/tex] is a limiting reagent. So it will drive the yield of [tex]CO_2[/tex].
Moles of [tex]CO_2[/tex] produced = (8/2) 0.2 = 0.8 moles
Pressure of [tex]CO_2[/tex] (P) = 102 - 2.24 = 99.76 kPa = 99.76 ÷ 101.325 = 0.985 atm
Applying the ideal gas equation for [tex]CO_2[/tex],
PV = nRT
0.985 V = 0.8 0.0821 x 295
V = 19.7 liter
The volume of [tex]CO_2[/tex] produced = 19.7 liter.
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Water, water everywhere. water is an abundant compound on our planet and it is sometimes known as "the universal solvent" because of it's unique properties, such as polarity and it's ability to dissolve almost any other substance. what implications does this have for the water found on earth? from the water in our oceans to the groundwater found deep beneath our soil? does this property benefit our planet? is there any problems you think the planet may face because of these unique properties?
The properties of water benefits our planet.
Does this property benefit our planet?Yes, the properties of water benefits our planet because it can dissolve huge number of solutes due to its polarity while on the other hand, its normal viscosity allows water to flow easily around the globe.
Is there any problems you think the planet may face because of these unique properties?No, in my opinion the planet may face no problems because of these unique properties because these properties are important for us.
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Given that the initial rate constant is 0.0110s−1 at an initial temperature of 21 ∘C , what would the rate constant be at a temperature of 150∘C for the same reaction described in Part A?
This was part A
The activation energy of a certain reaction is 45.5 kJ/mol . At 21 ∘C , the rate constant is 0.0110s−1 . I got 32.4 degree C
The rate constant is mathematically given as
K2=2.67sec^{-1}
What is the Arrhenius equation?The rate constant for a particular reaction may be calculated with the use of the Arrhenius equation. This constant can be stated in terms of two distinct temperatures, T1 and T2, as follows:
[tex]ln(\frac{K2}{K1})= (\frac{Ea}{R})*(\frac{1}{T1}-\frac{1}{T2})[/tex]
Therefore
KT1= 0.0110^{-1}
T1= 21+273.15
T1= 294.15K
T2= 200
T2=200+273.15
T2= 473.15K
Ea= 35.5 Kj/Mol
Hence, in j/mol R Ea is
Ea=35.5*1000 j/mol R
[tex]ln(\frac{K2}{0.0110})= (\frac{35.5*1000}{8.314})*(\frac{1}{294.15}-\frac{1}{473.15}\\\\ln(\frac{K2}{0.0110})=5.492[/tex]
K2/0.0110 =e^(5.492)
K2/0.0110 =242.74
K2= 242.74*0.0110
K2=2.67sec^{-1}
In conclusion, rate constant
K2=2.67sec^{-1}
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this is the question
arrangement of element by atomic weights provided mendeleev with some elements that didn't fit the patterns such as argon. explain how this problem was eventually overcome
Answer:
this problem was eventually overcome by arranging elements by increasing atomic number instead of atomic weight.
This problem was eventually overcome by arranging elements by increasing atomic number instead of atomic weight.
What is an atomic weight?The total weight of an atom is called the atomic weight. It is approximately equal to the number of protons and neutrons, with a little extra added by the electrons.
Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of increasing weight and broke them into rows such that elements in each column shared valence, the number of other atoms they combined with, as well as other properties.
In his 1869 Periodic Table, Mendeleev left blanks with suggested atomic weights for elements he thought would be discovered someday. William Ramsay's discovery of argon initially posed a threat to the Periodic Table. At first, Mendeleev believed argon was not an element, because it didn't react with anything.
Hence, this problem was eventually overcome by arranging elements by increasing atomic number instead of atomic weight.
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A solution of 0.600m hcl is used to titrate 15.00 ml of koh solution. the endpoint of
titration is reached after the addition of 27.13 ml of hci. what is the concentration of
the koh solution?
9.000m
o 1.09m
o 0.332m
0 0.0163m
The final concentration is 0.332 M.
Calculation:Here, dilution formula is used,
The concentration of a solution is lowered by the process of dilution. This is commonly accomplished by increasing the solvent content of the solution, which lowers the moles per liter.
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
where,
M₁ = Initial concentration
V₁ = Initial volume
M₂ = Final concentration
V₂ = Final volume
Given,
M₁ = 0.600 M
V₁ = 15.00 mL
V₂ = 27.13
To calculate,
M₂ =?
Put the given values in the above formula,
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
0.600 × 15.00 = M₂ × 27.13
9 = M₂ × 27.13
M₂ = 9/27.13
M₂ = 0.332 M
Therefore the final concentration is 0.332 M.
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How many molecules does 85.0 g HCl contain?
A. 2.04 x 10^24 molecules
B. 1.98 x 10^24 molecules
C. 1.40 x 10^24 molecules
D. 2.54 x 10^24 molecules
Answer: C. 1.40×10^24
Explanation:
To do this, we must convert this from grams to moles, then from moles to molecules. For the first step, you will need to find the molar mass of HCl on the periodic table, which is 36.461gHCl.
[tex]85.0gHCl*\frac{1molHCl}{36.461gHCl} =2.33molHCl[/tex]
Now that we have the moles, we must convert that to molecules by using Avogadro's number.
[tex]2.33molHCl*\frac{6.022*10^{24} }{1molHCl} =1.40*10^{24}[/tex]
Now we have our answer. The best answer choice here is C. 1.40×10²⁴.
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