The structure that does not obey the octet rule is CO32-. The other choices (CO2, SO3, CBr4, and CCl4) all follow the octet rule, meaning that the central atom in each molecule has eight valence electrons in its outer shell.
However, in CO32-, the central carbon atom has 10 valence electrons in its outer shell, which is not in accordance with the octet rule. The structure that does not obey the octet rule among the given choices is SO3 (sulfur trioxide).
In this molecule, sulfur has 6 valence electrons and forms 3 double bonds with the oxygen atoms. However, this results in a total of 12 electrons around sulfur, which exceeds the octet rule.
To know more about atom click here
brainly.com/question/13973654
#SPJ11
To determine which structure does not obey the octet rule among CO2, SO3, CBr4, CCl4, and CO3^2-, let's briefly discuss the octet rule and analyze each structure.
The octet rule states that atoms tend to form bonds in such a way that they achieve a stable electron configuration with eight electrons in their valence shell.
1. CO2 (Carbon Dioxide): Carbon forms double bonds with both oxygen atoms. In this case, each atom has a complete octet.
2. SO3 (Sulfur Trioxide): Sulfur forms double bonds with three oxygen atoms. Sulfur can expand its octet, and all atoms have a complete octet in this structure.
3. CBr4 (Carbon Tetrabromide): Carbon forms single bonds with four bromine atoms. All atoms have a complete octet.
4. CCl4 (Carbon Tetrachloride): Carbon forms single bonds with four chlorine atoms. All atoms have a complete octet.
5. CO3^2- (Carbonate Ion): Carbon forms double bonds with one oxygen atom and single bonds with two other oxygen atoms. There are also two additional electrons, making the ion have a 2- charge. However, one of the oxygen atoms does not have a complete octet.
Therefore, the structure that does not obey the octet rule among the given choices is the CO3^2- (Carbonate Ion).
To know more about octet rule:
https://brainly.com/question/30779148
#SPJ11
there are three voltaic cells. in each voltaic cell one half-cell contains a 1.0 m fe(no3)2(aq) solution with an fe electrode. the contents of the other half-cells are as follows: cell 1: a 1.0 m cucl2(aq) solution with a cu electrode cell 2: a 1.0 m nicl2(aq) solution with a ni electrode cell 3: a 1.0 m zncl2(aq) solution with a zn electrode in which voltaic cell(s) does iron act as the anode?
In order to determine which voltaic cell(s) have iron acting as the anode, we must first understand the basics of a voltaic cell.
A voltaic cell consists of two half-cells, each containing an electrode and a solution of an electrolyte. The half-cell with the higher reduction potential will act as the cathode, while the half-cell with the lower reduction potential will act as the anode.
In this scenario, we know that the half-cell with the Fe electrode contains a 1.0 M Fe(NO3)2(aq) solution. We also know the contents of the other half-cells: Cell 1 contains a 1.0 M CuCl2(aq) solution with a Cu electrode, Cell 2 contains a 1.0 M NiCl2(aq) solution with a Ni electrode, and Cell 3 contains a 1.0 M ZnCl2(aq) solution with a Zn electrode.
To determine which voltaic cell(s) have iron acting as the anode, we must compare the reduction potentials of each half-cell to that of the Fe half-cell. The standard reduction potential for the Fe2+/Fe half-cell is -0.44 V. The reduction potentials for the other half-cells are: Cu2+/Cu = +0.34 V, Ni2+/Ni = -0.23 V, and Zn2+/Zn = -0.76 V.
Based on these reduction potentials, we can determine that iron will act as the anode in Cells 2 and 3. In Cell 2, the Ni electrode has a more negative reduction potential than the Fe electrode, so Fe will be the anode. In Cell 3, the Zn electrode also has a more negative reduction potential than the Fe electrode, so Fe will again be the anode.
Overall, understanding the reduction potentials of each half-cell is crucial in determining which electrode will act as the anode in a voltaic cell.
To know more about cell click here
brainly.com/question/19138651
#SPJ11
A certain reaction is endothermic in the forward direction. The reaction has less moles of gas on the product side. Which of the following stresses would increase the yield of the products (shift right)?
Increasing the pressure
Decreasing the temperature
Increasing the volume
Decreasing the reactant concentration
Answer: the only stress that would increase the yield of products (shift right) is decreasing the temperature (e) or increasing the volume (c).
Explanation:
Due to the endothermic nature of the given reaction in the forward direction, there will be a net absorption of heat from the system's surroundings during the course of the forward reaction progression. Reducing the temperature would facilitate the progress of the endothermic course and induce a rightward shift in the reaction.
Moreover, due to a reduction in the number of gaseous moles present on the product side, an amplification in volume would lead to a decline in the overall concentration of the produced species. Consequently, the reaction equilibrium would pivot towards the right-hand side.
Alternatively, raising the pressure would promote the progression of the reaction toward the side with a lower number of gaseous entities. Consequently, the reaction would experience a leftward shift, thereby opposing the intended direction.
Reciprocally, a reduction in the concentration of reactants would induce a shift of the reaction towards the left direction. This phenomenon arises from the decrease in the quantity of reactive particles available to yield collisions and reactions, therefore culminating in a diminished progress rate of the forward reaction.
The Na+/K+ pump transports three sodium ions out of the cell for every two potassium ions moved into the cell. This is an example of: a symport pump. an antiport pump. a uniport pump. facilitated diffusion.
The Na+/K+ pump transports three sodium ions out of the cell for every two potassium ions moved into the cell. This is an example of an antiport pump.
Antiport pumps are a type of active transport mechanism that simultaneously move two or more substances in opposite directions across a membrane.
In this case, the Na+/K+ pump helps to maintain the electrochemical gradient and resting membrane potential in cells by exchanging sodium and potassium ions against their concentration gradients, using energy derived from ATP hydrolysis. This process is crucial for various cellular functions, including nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction.
In contrast, symport pumps transport substances in the same direction, and uniport pumps transport only one substance at a time. Facilitated diffusion, on the other hand, is a passive transport mechanism that uses protein carriers to move substances across a membrane without the expenditure of energy.
For more such questions on Na+/K+ pump, click on:
https://brainly.com/question/28521004
#SPJ11
Channel X transmits only the smallest substances dissolved in the extracellular fluid through the axon membrane. Which substance does Channel X transmit?A.ProteinsB.Sodium ionsC.Potassium ionsD.Chloride ions
The substance that Channel X transmits would be the smallest substance dissolved in the extracellular fluid, which is likely to be potassium ions .
Channel X only transmits the smallest substances dissolved in the extracellular fluid through the axon membrane. . It would not be proteins as they are generally too large to be dissolved in the extracellular fluid, and sodium ions are not necessarily the smallest substance dissolved in the extracellular fluid. These channels are found in the axon membrane of neurons, and act as a gate that can open and close to allow the passage of potassium ions through the membrane. This allows the neuron to regulate the electrical potential across the membrane, and thus control the flow of electrical signals.
learn more about potassium ions Refer: https://brainly.com/question/29704319
#SPJ11
When disinfecting a new or repaired main, what is the minimum chlorine residual at the extreme end of the main after standing for 24 hours?
a.) 15 mg/L
b.) 20 mg/L
c.) 25 mg/L
d.) 30 mg/L
The minimum chlorine residual at the extreme end of the main after standing for 24 hours when disinfecting a new or repaired main is c.) 25 mg/L.
When disinfecting a new or repaired main, the American Water Works Association (AWWA) recommends a minimum chlorine residual of 50 mg/L at the upstream end of the main and 25 mg/L at the downstream end after a contact time of 24 hours. This ensures that the disinfectant has sufficient time to reach and eliminate any bacteria or viruses that may be present in the water mains. The residual chlorine concentration is typically measured using a chlorine test kit or a chlorine analyzer.
To know more about Disinfection:
https://brainly.com/question/30545640
#SPJ11
two major diferences of terestial planets??
The two major differences of terrestrial planets are:
Size and composition: The Atmosphere:What are terrestrial planets?A terrestrial planet, or telluric planet, or solid planet, or rocky planet, is described as a planet that is composed primarily of silicate rocks or metals.
Terrestrial planets are covered with solid surfaces, while the Jovian planets usually have gaseous surfaces.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are examples of the terrestrial planets, while the Jovian planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
Learn more about Terrestrial planets at: https://brainly.com/question/17210115
#SPJ1
Question 62
If hard water is softened by the ion exchange method, which one of the following will increase?
a. Dissolved oxygen
b. Iron
c. P1-1
d. sodium
If hard water is softened by the ion exchange method, the level of sodium (d) will increase. This is because calcium and magnesium ions in the hard water are replaced with sodium ions during the ion exchange process.
The ion exchange method for softening hard water includes swapping out the calcium and magnesium ions for sodium ions, which raises the concentration of sodium in the water. This procedure has no impact on the levels of dissolved oxygen or iron.
The correct answer is d. sodium. Softening hard water through the ion exchange method involves replacing the calcium and magnesium ions with sodium ions, which results in an increase in the level of sodium in the water. Dissolved oxygen and iron levels are not affected by this process, and P1-1 is not a relevant term for this question.
To know more about ion exchange method click here:
https://brainly.com/question/14393904
#SPJ11
Question 60
Which one of the following is most affected by acid rain?
a. Yucca cacti in Arizona
b. Conifer forests at high elevations
c. Apple trees in Oregon
d. Juniper trees in California
The correct answer is b. Conifer forests at high elevations are most affected by acid rain.
Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, which react with the atmosphere to form sulfuric and nitric acid. These acids can then fall to the ground as acid rain. Conifer forests at high elevations are particularly vulnerable to the effects of acid rain because the soil in these areas is often thin and lacks buffering capacity, making it more susceptible to acidification. Acidification of the soil can lead to nutrient imbalances and other negative impacts on plant health. Acid rain can damage the trees by leaching nutrients from the soil, reducing photosynthesis, and increasing the trees' susceptibility to insect and disease damage.
To learn more about acid rain click here https://brainly.com/question/26775834
#SPJ11
What is the total number of fused rings present in a steroid?
A.1
B.2
C.4
D.6
The correct answer is C.4. Steroids are composed of four fused rings, specifically three cyclohexane rings and one cyclopentane ring. This fused ring system is called the steroid nucleus.
Steroids are a class of organic molecules that have a common structure consisting of four fused rings of carbon atoms. The three rings are cyclohexane in structure, while the fourth is a cyclopentane ring. This arrangement of rings gives steroids their characteristic structure and properties.
Steroids are synthesized naturally in the body and play a variety of important roles, including serving as hormones, signaling molecules, and structural components of cell membranes. Some common examples of steroids include cholesterol, estrogen, testosterone, and cortisol.
Steroids are also widely used in medicine for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. However, steroids are also commonly abused as performance-enhancing drugs, particularly in sports. The use of these drugs can lead to a range of negative health effects, including liver damage, infertility, and increased risk of heart disease and stroke.
The study of steroids and their properties is an active area of research in fields such as biochemistry, pharmacology, and synthetic chemistry.
To know more about Steroids
brainly.com/question/13517647
#SPJ11
Why would a chiral starting material yield a 50:50 mixture of enantiomers when it undergoes Sn1?
When a chiral starting material undergoes an Sn1 reaction, it yields a 50:50 mixture of enantiomers because of the formation of a planar carbocation intermediate.
1. The chiral starting material undergoes ionization, forming a planar carbocation intermediate. The chirality is lost during this process, as the intermediate is achiral.
2. Nucleophilic attack can occur from either face of the planar carbocation intermediate, leading to the formation of two enantiomers.
3. Since both faces of the carbocation intermediate are equally accessible to the nucleophile, the probability of attack from each side is the same. This results in a 50:50 mixture of enantiomers.
In summary, a chiral starting material yields a 50:50 mixture of enantiomers when it undergoes an Sn1 reaction due to the formation of a planar carbocation intermediate, which allows for nucleophilic attack from either face, ultimately leading to the equal probability of forming both enantiomers.
Learn more about carbocation here:
/brainly.com/question/29644618
#SPJ11
If ∆H < 0 and ∆S > 0 then ∆G is always _____ (pos/neg)If ∆H > 0 and ∆S < 0 then ∆G is always _____ (pos/neg)If ∆H > 0 and ∆S > 0 then ∆G is negative at _____ temperatures (higher/ lower)If ∆H < 0 and ∆S < 0 then ∆G is negative at ____ temperatures (higher/lower)
If ΔH < 0 and ΔS > 0, then ΔG is always negative (i.e., ΔG < 0). This indicates that the reaction is spontaneous and will proceed in the forward direction without the addition of external energy.
If ΔH > 0 and ΔS < 0, then ΔG is always positive (i.e., ΔG > 0). This indicates that the reaction is non-spontaneous in the forward direction and will only occur if energy is added to the system.
If ΔH < 0 and ΔS < 0, then ΔG is negative at lower temperatures. This indicates that the reaction is spontaneous in the forward direction at lower temperatures but may not be spontaneous at higher temperatures. This is because the negative ΔS term dominates at lower temperatures, but at higher temperatures, the positive ΔH term dominates, and the reaction becomes non-spontaneous.
The signs of ΔH and ΔS determine the spontaneity of a reaction, while the magnitude of ΔG determines the extent to which the reaction will proceed. A negative ΔG indicates that the reaction is spontaneous and will proceed to completion, while a positive ΔG indicates that the reaction is non-spontaneous and will not occur without the addition of external energy.
Learn more about energy here:
https://brainly.com/question/1932868
#SPJ11
List the reason why aryl and vinyl halides do not undergo Sn2.
Aryl and vinyl halides are not good substrates for [tex]SN_{2}[/tex] reactions due to the following reasons:
Steric hindrance: In the [tex]SN_{2}[/tex] reaction, the nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbon from the backside, which requires a clear path of attack. In the case of aryl and vinyl halides, the bulky aromatic or double bond group attached to the electrophilic carbon creates a lot of steric hindrance, making it difficult for the nucleophile to approach the carbon from the required angle.
Partial double bond character: In the case of vinyl halides, the double bond character of the carbon-carbon bond in the vinyl group reduces the availability of the electrophilic carbon for nucleophilic attack, making it less susceptible to [tex]SN_{2}[/tex] reaction.
Resonance stabilization: In aryl halides, the aromatic ring structure provides resonance stabilization to the electrophilic carbon, which makes it less electrophilic and less susceptible to nucleophilic attack.
Overall, these factors make aryl and vinyl halides poor substrates for [tex]SN_{2}[/tex] reactions.
To know more about nucleophile
brainly.com/question/30713995
#SPJ11
The metal component that is protected from corrosion is called the?
a) Cathode
b) Anode
c) Rectifier
d) Electron
The metal component that is protected from corrosion is called the option A: cathode.
Metal surfaces experience corrosion, an electrochemical process, when they come into contact with electrolytes. Corrosion is the process of converting a metal back to its original form as an ore; during this transformation, the metal disintegrates and loses structural integrity. Pipelines, structures, and ships all make use of these metal surfaces.
It is crucial to make sure that these metals endure as long as possible, which calls for cathode protection. Cathode is a metal rod placed in an electrolyte where oxidation takes place so that it loses electrons in the electrolyte and get oxidized. Zinc metal is generally used as a cathode electrode.
To know more about corrosion, refer:
https://brainly.com/question/29854677
#SPJ4
what is the mass percent of a solution prepared by dissolving 18.9 grams of solid into 39.5 grams of water? group of answer choices 58.4% 32.4% 47.8% the identity of the compound must be known. none of the above
The mass of the solution is the sum of the mass of the solute (18.9 grams) and the mass of the solvent (39.5 grams), which is 58.4 grams.
Charge separation might be considered to be polarity. As a result, polar solvents are those that can solvate, or dissolve, ions, and also have the ability to separate charges.
Because of its structure, a polar solvent molecule possesses a very tiny electrical charge. Water, which contains two hydrogen atoms and an oxygen atom, is the most normal and frequent example. The two hydrogen atoms and the lone oxygen atom are at an angle. The traditional polar solvent is water. The oxygen atom has a propensity to concentrate electron density around it.
To find the mass percent of the solution, we need to divide the mass of the solute by the mass of the solution and multiply by 100.
Mass percent = (mass of solute ÷ mass of solution) x 100
Mass percent = (18.9 ÷ 58.4) x 100
Mass percent = 32.4%
Therefore, the mass percent of the solution prepared by dissolving 18.9 grams of solid into 39.5 grams of water is 32.4%.
Learn more about solvent here
https://brainly.com/question/15212814
#SPJ11
Question 38
The substance commonly used as a coagulant in water treatment is:
a. Aluminum sulfate
b. Calcium sulfate
c. Potassium chloride
d. Sodium phosphate
The answer is a. Aluminum sulfate.
Aluminum sulfate, also known as alum, is a common coagulant used in water treatment. It is added to untreated water to cause impurities and particles to clump together and settle at the bottom of a tank or basin. This process is called coagulation and is an important step in the treatment of drinking water and wastewater.
The coagulated particles can then be removed through sedimentation or filtration. Alum is preferred over other coagulants because it is effective in removing a wide range of impurities, including suspended solids, organic matter, and phosphates.
Visit to know more about Aluminium sulfate:-
brainly.com/question/28299913
#SPJ11
Question 11
In domestic water well supplies, which two elements cause most hardness?
a. Zn and Mg
b. Na and Mg
c. Ca and Mg
d. Ca and Na
In domestic water well supplies, the two elements cause the most hardness Ca and Mg. Option C is the correct answer.
In domestic water well supplies, the two elements that cause the most hardness are calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg).
Hard water is characterized by high levels of dissolved minerals, particularly calcium and magnesium ions.
These minerals can cause a variety of problems, including scaling in pipes and appliances, reduced efficiency of water heaters, and decreased effectiveness of soaps and detergents.
Zinc (Zn) and sodium (Na) are not typically associated with water hardness, although high levels of sodium can contribute to other water quality concerns. Therefore, option c, Ca and Mg, is the correct answer.
Learn more about domestic water at
https://brainly.com/question/10955647
#SPJ4
2Mg(s) + O2(g) --> 2MgO(s)
If 2.35 grams of magnesium oxide are formed, how many grams of Mg reacted?
If 2.35 grams of magnesium oxide are formed, 1.42 grams of Mg reacted in the reaction.
What is magnesium oxide?Magnesium oxide is a chemical compound composed of magnesium and oxygen, with the chemical formula MgO.
2 Mg(s) + O₂(g) -> 2 MgO(s)
From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of magnesium react with 1 mole of oxygen to produce 2 moles of magnesium oxide. This means that the mole ratio of magnesium to magnesium oxide is 2:2, or simply 1:1.
2.35 g MgO x (1 mol MgO/40.31 g MgO) = 0.0583 mol MgO
Since the mole ratio of Mg to MgO is 1:1, we know that 0.0583 moles of Mg also reacted. Now we can use the molar mass of Mg to calculate the mass of Mg that reacted:
0.0583 mol Mg x 24.31 g/mol = 1.42 g Mg
Therefore, 1.42 grams of Mg reacted in the reaction.
To know more about magnesium oxide, refer
https://brainly.com/question/24605172
#SPJ1
The distance between the static water level and the pumping water level is termed the?
a. Radius of influence
b. Drawdown
c. Sanitary seal
d. Water table
The distance between the static water level and the pumping water level is termed the "drawdown". To explain, when a well is pumped, water is drawn from the surrounding aquifer causing the water level around the well to drop. The distance between the original static water level and the new water level is the drawdown. This term is important in determining the well's yield and how much water can be pumped from the well without causing significant harm to the aquifer.
Ethanol may be metabolized to acetic acid, then condensed with a coenzyme to form acetyl coenzyme A. Acetyl coenzyme A may then participate in:
A.the Krebs (citric acid) cycle.
B.glycolysis.
C.electron transport.
D.oxidative phosphorylation.
A. the Krebs (citric acid) cycle.
Acetyl coenzyme A is a key molecule in the Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle. In this cycle, acetyl coenzyme A is combined with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes a series of chemical reactions that ultimately produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Glycolysis, electron transport, and oxidative phosphorylation are other metabolic pathways that also produce ATP but do not directly involve acetyl coenzyme A.
To know more about the Krebs cycle, click here:-
https://brainly.com/question/13153590
#SPJ11
in a bonding molecular orbital, the electron density is located * the nuclei which pulls the nuclei
In a bonding molecular orbital, the electron density is located between the nuclei, which pulls the nuclei closer together and stabilizes the bond.
In a bonding molecular orbital, the electron density is located between the nuclei which pulls the nuclei towards each other. This is because the electrons are shared by the two atoms, creating a bond that allows them to be attracted to each other. The more electron density there is between the nuclei, the stronger the bond will be. This is why atoms with similar electronegativities tend to form stronger bonds, as they share electrons more equally and have more balanced electron density between them.
To learn more about atoms click here
brainly.com/question/13973654
#SPJ11
Unsaturated triglycerides undergo autooxidation at the ______________________position of the fatty acid residue
Unsaturated triglycerides undergo autooxidation at the double bond position of the fatty acid residue. Autooxidation is a chemical reaction that occurs when fatty acids are exposed to oxygen and results in the formation of free radicals, which can cause damage to cells and tissues.
The double bond in unsaturated fatty acids is particularly susceptible to oxidation due to its chemical structure, which makes it more reactive than saturated fatty acids. This can lead to the formation of harmful compounds such as lipid peroxides, which can contribute to various health problems.
1. Unsaturated triglycerides contain one or more double bonds in their fatty acid chains.
2. Autooxidation is a chemical reaction that occurs when the unsaturated fatty acids are exposed to oxygen.
3. The double bond position in the fatty acid residue is the most susceptible site for autooxidation.
4. As a result, the unsaturated triglycerides undergo autooxidation at the double bond position of the fatty acid residue.
To know more about health visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/5496881
#SPJ11
If 0. 300 g of FeSO4x7H2O contains 0. 0603 g of Fe, 0. 0346g of S, 0. 190 g of O, and 0. 0151 of H, what is the percent composition of FeSO4x7H2O?
Therefore, the percent composition of FeSO4x7H2O is: 20.10% Fe, 11.53% S, 63.33% O, 5.03% H
The molar mass of FeSO4x7H2O can be calculated as follows:
[tex]FeSO4* 7H2O = (1 * 55.845 g/mol) + (1 * 32.06 g/mol) + (4 * 16.00 g/mol) + (7 * 18.02 g/mol)[/tex]
FeSO4x7H2O = 278.01 g/mol
Now, we can calculate the mass of each element:
Mass of Fe = 0.0603 g
Mass of S = 0.0346 g
Mass of O = 0.190 g
Mass of H = 0.0151 g
Total mass of compound = 0.300 g
Calculating the percent composition of FeSO4x7H2O as follows:
Fe = (Mass of Fe / Total mass of compound) x 100%
Fe = (0.0603 g / 0.300 g) x 100%
Fe = 20.10%
S = (0.0346 g / 0.300 g) x 100%
S = 11.53%
O = (0.190 g / 0.300 g) x 100%
O = 63.33%
H = (0.0151 g / 0.300 g) x 100%
H = 5.03%
To know more about percent composition, here
brainly.com/question/17505281
#SPJ4
21. 4.21 moles of S2Cl4 are introduced into a 2.0 L vessel. S2Cl4(g) 2SCl2(g)
At equilibrium, 1.25 moles of S2Cl4 are found to remain in the container. Calculate Kc for
this reaction.
The concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium, we can calculate Kc 2.56
What is concentrations?Concentration is a measure of the amount of a substance within a given quantity of another substance or medium. It is usually expressed as mass per unit volume. For example, a concentration of a solute in a solution is the mass of that solute, per unit volume of the solution. Concentration is an important concept in many fields, including chemistry, physics, and biology, amongst other sciences.
The reaction that is happening is: S₂Cl₄(g) → 2SCl₂(g)
For the reactant, S₂Cl₄ at equilibrium:
Moles S₂Cl₄ = 1.25 moles
Volume = 2.0 L
Concentration = 1.25 moles / 2.0 L = 0.625 M
For the product, SCl₂ at equilibrium:
Moles SCl₂ = 2.5 moles (since 2 moles of SCl₂ are produced for every mole of S₂Cl₄)
Volume = 2.0 L
Concentration = 2.5 moles / 2.0 L = 1.25 M
Now that we have the concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium, we can calculate Kc.
Kc = [SCl₂]₂ / [S₂Cl₄]
Kc = (1.25 M)² / 0.625 M
Kc = 2.56
To learn more about concentrations
https://brainly.com/question/10838453
#SPJ1
write the skeleton equation. When solid lithium hydroxide (LiOH) pellets are added to a solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), lithium sulfate (Li2SO4) and water are formed
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction described is:
[tex]2 LiOH _{(s)}+ H_2SO_4_{(aq)} - > Li_2SO_4_{(aq)} + 2 H_2O_{(l)}[/tex]
This equation shows that two moles of solid lithium hydroxide (LiOH) react with one mole of sulfuric acid to produce one mole of lithium sulfate and two moles of water.
An aqueous solution of sulfuric acid and solid lithium hydroxide pellets undergoes a chemical reaction that is represented by the above equation. Lithium sulfate and water are the results of the process.
The balanced equation's coefficients show the reaction's stoichiometry. One mole of lithium sulfate and two moles of water are created when two moles of lithium hydroxide combine with one mole of sulfuric acid. In terms of the number of moles, this indicates that the ratio of the reactants and products is 2:1:1:2, respectively.
The law of conservation of mass, which dictates that the sum of the masses of the reactants and products must be equal, is likewise observed by the balanced equation. This is accomplished by guaranteeing that each element has the same amount of atoms.
learn more about sulfuric acid here
https://brainly.com/question/10220770
#SPJ1
Predict the density for rhodium, Rh, given the density of cobalt, Co, (8.89 g/cm3) and iridium, Ir, (22.65 g/cm3).
The density of rhodium (Rh) is predicted to be approximately 15.77 g/cm³.
To predict the density of rhodium (Rh) using the given densities of cobalt (Co) and iridium (Ir):
Note the densities of cobalt and iridium
Cobalt (Co) density = 8.89 g/cm³
Iridium (Ir) density = 22.65 g/cm³
Find the average density of Co and Ir
Average density = (Density of Co + Density of Ir) / 2
Average density = (8.89 g/cm³ + 22.65 g/cm³) / 2
Calculate the average density
Average density = (31.54 g/cm³) / 2
Average density = 15.77 g/cm³
Using the average density of cobalt and iridium, we predict that the density of rhodium (Rh) is approximately 15.77 g/cm³. However, keep in mind that this is a rough estimation and the actual density of Rh may differ.
More on density: https://brainly.com/question/11092116
#SPJ11
If the concentration of H+ ions in a solution is 3.16 x 10^-4mol/1. Then what is the concentration of OH ions?
A 3.16 x 10^-4 mol/L
B 3.16 x 10^-11 mol/L
C 3.16 x 10^-13 mol/L
D 3.16 x 10^-14 mol/L
If the concentration of H⁺ ions in a solution is 3.16 x 10⁻⁴mol/l. Then the concentration of OH⁻ ions is 3.16 × 10⁻¹¹ mol/l. This is using ionic product of water.
What is ionic product of water?Pure water has low electrolyte strength. It produces protons and hydroxyl ions when it ionizes itself to a very little degree. Water that has self-ionized can be visualized as:
H₂O(l) (acid) + H₂O(l) (base) ↔ H₃O⁺(conjugate acid) + OH⁻(conjugate base)
It demonstrates that water is both a proton donor and an acceptor.
Only a small fraction of the millions of water molecules—which are only minimally ionized—are broken down into H⁺ and OH⁻ ions. Because 1 litre of water equals 1000cc = 1000g and the molar mass of H₂O equals 18gmol⁻¹, the concentration of unionized water molecules, or [H₂O], remains nearly constant (being equivalent to 1000/18=55.55 moles per litre), i.e., [H₂O]= constant.
Kw=[H₃O⁺][OH⁻]
Alternatively, Kw=[H⁺][OH⁻]
An ionic product of water (Kw) is the new constant, which is a result of the equilibrium constant and water concentration.
The concentration of OH⁻ ions can be calculated from the concentration of H⁺ ions using the expression for the ion product of water (Kw):
Kw = [H⁺][OH⁻] = 1 x 10⁻¹⁴ mol/L
Given the concentration of H⁺ ions and presuming that the solution is in equilibrium, we can solve for the concentration of OH⁻ ions:
[H⁺][OH⁻] = 3.16 x 10⁻⁴ mol/L × [OH⁻]
= (1 x 10⁻¹⁴mol/L)/ (3.16 x 10⁻⁴ mol/L)
[OH⁻] = 3.16 x 10⁻¹¹ mol/L
To know more about electrolyte, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29771118
#SPJ1
.
Question 87
The addition of sodium bicarbonate will
a. Raid the ambient water temperature
b. Lower the ambient water temperature
c. Raise the pH
d. Lower the pH
The addition of sodium bicarbonate )will raise the pH of the solution.
Sodium bicarbonate is a basic compound that can act as a buffer and neutralize acids. When it dissolves in water, it releases bicarbonate ions and sodium ions ,which can react with acidic compounds and release hydroxide ions to increase the pH.
Therefore, the correct answer is (c) Raise the pH.
Sodium bicarbonate, also known as baking soda, is a white crystalline powder with the chemical formula. It is a common household chemical that is used for a variety of purposes, including baking, cleaning, and as an antacid to treat heartburn or indigestion.
Sodium bicarbonate is a weak base that reacts with acids to produce carbon dioxide gas, which makes it useful in baking to help dough rise. It is also effective at neutralizing acidic spills or odors, and can be used as a cleaning agent for surfaces or fabrics.
learn more about sodium bicarbonate here
https://brainly.com/question/20670487
#SPJ4
Convert Celsius temperatures to Kelvin temperatures.
When we use the Gas Law equations, you must have the temperature in Kelvins.
1. 104oC = ?K
2. 35 oC = ?K
3. -47 oC = ?K
4. 499 oC = ?K
At a pH of 7, what groups on a molecule will be deprotonated? Still protonated?
At pH 7, groups with pKa values above 7 will be deprotonated, those with pKa values below 7 will remain protonated, and those around 7 will be partially ionize.
Why does pH 7 cause histidine to deprotonate?This is due to the side chain of histidine having a pKa value of 6.0. The two acidic amino acids are aspartate and glutamate, and at a physiological pH of 7, they both contain a complete negative charge on their side chains.
Which amino acids are susceptible to deprotonation?Tyrosine and serine are two more amino acids that can be deprotonated at high pH levels, although they mostly reside in their protonated, neutrally charged states at physiological pH levels. Ionizable functional groups can be found in amino acids.
To know more about ionize visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/15182996
#SPJ1
Question 13
Which would not be used as coagulant?
a. black alum
b. chlorinated copperas
c. ferric chloride
d. sodium hypochlorite
As a coagulant, sodium hypochlorite would not be employed. As a result, option D is right.
In water treatment, the coagulation is very important step that involve the use of chemicals,. Sedimentation or filtration can then be used to remove the coagulated particles. In water treatment, coagulants such as black alum, chlorinated copperas, and ferric chloride are utilized.
Sodium hypochlorite, is a preferred disinfectant and not a coagulant. It is effective against germs and viruses but lacks coagulation characteristics. Option D is therefore true, and sodium hypochlorite would not be utilized as a coagulant.
To know more about coagulation, visit,
https://brainly.com/question/1501224
#SPJ4