The caloric theory is the most workable model of heat today.
True
False

The period of a simple pendulum is given by the formula:

T = 2π√(L/g)

where T is the period of the pendulum, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

We can rearrange this formula to solve for g:

g = (4π²L)/T²

Plugging in the given values:

L = 51.0 cm = 0.510 m

T = 133 s / 110 = 1.209 s

(Note that we divide the total time by the number of cycles to get the time for one cycle.)

So,

g = (4π² × 0.510 m) / (1.209 s)²

= 9.57 m/s²

Therefore, the magnitude of the gravitational acceleration on this planet is approximately 9.57 m/s².

*IG:whis.sama_ent*

Answer:  7.68 m/s²

Explanation: The period of a simple pendulum is given by the formula:

T = 2π√(L/g)

where T is the period, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the gravitational acceleration.

In this problem, the pendulum completes 110 full swing cycles in a time of 133 s, which means that the period of the pendulum is:

T = 133 s / 110 = 1.209 s

Substituting this into the formula above and solving for g, we get:

g = (4π²L) / T² = (4π²)(0.51 m) / (1.209 s)² ≈ 7.68 m/s²

Therefore, the magnitude of the gravitational acceleration on this planet is approximately 7.68 m/s².

Saul (30 kg) is tobogganing down a hill:

(a) total energy 14130 J.

(b) height of the hill 11.5 m.

(c) velocity 15.0 m/s.

(d) height 4.6 m.

(a) The total energy of Saul and the toboggan is equal to the sum of their kinetic and potential energies. At the point when Saul passes his sister, he has kinetic energy due to his motion and potential energy due to his height above the bottom of the hill. The toboggan also has kinetic energy due to its motion. The total energy is given by:

Total energy = kinetic energy + potential energy

= (1/2)(mS + mT)v² + (mS + mT)gh

where mS = 30 kg is Saul's mass,

mT = 10 kg is the toboggan's mass,

v = 15 m/s is Saul's velocity,

g = 9.8 m/s² is the acceleration due to gravity, and

h = 20 m is the height above the bottom of the hill.

Plugging in the values:

Total energy = (1/2)(30 kg + 10 kg)(15 m/s)² + (30 kg + 10 kg)(9.8 m/s²)(20 m)

= 8250 J + 5880 J

= 14130 J

Therefore, the total energy of Saul and the toboggan is 14130 J.

(b) The height of the hill can be found by equating the initial potential energy at the top of the hill to the total energy at the point when Saul passes his sister. That is:

(mS + mT)gh = (1/2)(mS + mT)v² + (mS + mT)gh

Simplifying and solving for h:

h = (1/2)v²/g

= (1/2)(15 m/s)²/9.8 m/s²

= 11.5 m

Therefore, the height of the hill is 11.5 m.

(c) To find Saul's velocity at the bottom of the hill, use conservation of energy again. At the bottom of the hill, all the potential energy has been converted to kinetic energy. That is:

(mS + mT)gh = (1/2)(mS + mT)v²

Simplifying and solving for v:

v = √[2gh]

= √[2(9.8 m/s²)(11.5 m)]

= 15.0 m/s (to two significant figures)

Therefore, Saul's velocity at the bottom of the hill is 15.0 m/s.

(d) To find Saul's height when he is moving at a velocity of 9.5 m/s, we can use conservation of energy again. This time, equate the kinetic energy at this point to the initial potential energy. That is:

(1/2)(mS + mT)v² = (mS + mT)gh

Simplifying and solving for h:

h = v²/2g

= (9.5 m/s)²/(2)(9.8 m/s²)

= 4.6 m

Therefore, Saul's height when he is moving at a velocity of 9.5 m/s is 4.6 m.

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Answer:

A. Yes, the force of the engine does work on the car as it makes the car move forward.

B. Yes, the kinetic energy of the car increases as the car gains speed due to the force of the engine.

C. The gravitational potential energy of the car remains constant as the car is moving on a horizontal road, and there is no change in its height.

D. Yes, the tractive force of the engine changes the mechanical energy of the car as it is a type of external force that transfers energy to the car and increases its kinetic energy.

Explanation:

The speed of sound in Gold Harbour, on a day when the air temperature is -2.7 °C, is 331.5 + 0.6 * (-2.7) = 328.65 m/s.

Gold Harbour is a small settlement located on Antarctic's King George Island. It is home to a Chilean research base, which is operated by the Chilean Antarctic Institute. It also acts as a summer base for the Chilean Navy, and provides support for the scientific research conducted by other countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, and Russia. The area is known for its stunning natural beauty, with mountains, glaciers, and icebergs all in close proximity. It is also an important habitat for several species of wildlife, including penguins, seals, and sea birds.

The speed of sound in air is affected by temperature, and the formula for calculating the speed of sound in air is v = 331.5 + 0.6 * (air temperature in °C).
Therefore, the speed of sound in Gold Harbour, on a day when the air temperature is -2.7 °C, is 331.5 + 0.6 * (-2.7)
= 328.65 m/s.

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Answer:

July 29, Earth completed a full spin in about 1.59 milliseconds shorter than its standard timeframe ( 23 hours and 56 minutes).

The range of a 400 keV beta particle (2.27 MeV from 90Y) in bone with a density of 1.9 g/cm3 is approximately 0.000197 cm.

Using the Bethe-Bloch formula, the range of a 400 keV beta particle in bone with a density of 1.9 g/cm3 can be calculated as:

[tex]R = 0.415 * (E/ \rho Z^2) * (1/\beta^2 - 1)[/tex]

where R is the range in cm, E is the kinetic energy of the beta particle in MeV, ρ is the density of the material in g/cm3, Z is the atomic number of the material, and β is the velocity of the beta particle as a fraction of the speed of light.

Plugging in the given values, we get:

[tex]R = 0.415 * (0.4 / (1.9 * 22.5^2)) * (1 / (1 - (0.4 / 2.27)^2)) \\R = 0.415 * (0.4 / 966.375) * (1 / 0.858) \\R = 0.000197 cm[/tex]

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Answer:

0.05 ms

Explanation:

The speed of sound in air is about 343 m/s. If the sound waves are coming from a source that is 1 meter away, then it will take about 3.43 microseconds for the sound waves to reach the right ear and about 3.53 microseconds for the sound waves to reach the left ear. This is a difference of about 0.097 microseconds, which is about 0.05 ms.

The human brain is very good at detecting small differences in time, and it uses this information to determine the direction of a sound source. When the sound waves reach the left ear slightly later than the right ear, the brain interprets this as a sound coming from the right side. The greater the difference in time, the further to the right the brain will perceive the sound to be.

In the case of a 500 Hz sound, the brain will perceive the sound to be coming from about 45° to the right of center if the sound waves reach the

Answer:

D

Explanation:

The maximum height reached by a stone thrown straight up with an initial speed of 35 m/s can be found using the kinematic equation:

v^2f = v^2i - 2gh

where vf is the final velocity (0 m/s at the maximum height), vi is the initial velocity (35 m/s, the magnitude of the velocity with which the stone is thrown upwards), g is the acceleration due to gravity (-9.8 m/s^2), and h is the maximum height reached by the stone.

Rearranging the equation, we get:

h = (vi^2)/(2g)

Substituting the given values, we have:

h = (35 m/s)^2 / (2 * 9.8 m/s^2)

= 62.6 m

Therefore, the maximum height reached by the stone is approximately 63 m.

The answer is (d).

Answer:

Here is your answer please change up some words to remain plagraism free.

Explanation:

To determine the required lengths of strings 1 and 2 so that pulses sent in both directions reach the ends of the strings simultaneously, we need to apply the principle that the time it takes for a wave pulse to travel a distance on a string is equal to the distance divided by the wave speed.

The wave speed, in turn, is determined by the tension in the string and the linear density of the string according to the formula:

v = sqrt(T/μ),

where v is the wave speed, T is the tension, and μ is the linear density.

Let L1 be the length of string 1 and L2 be the length of string 2. Since the wave speed is the same for both strings, we can set up the following equations:

L1/v = L2/v

sqrt(T1/μ1)*L1 = sqrt(T2/μ2)*L2

where T1 and T2 are the tensions in strings 1 and 2, respectively.

We can solve for L1 and L2 by combining these two equations and solving for each variable. Substituting the given linear densities of strings 1 and 2, we get:

sqrt(T1/2.60)*L1 = sqrt(T2/3.30)*L2

Squaring both sides and simplifying, we get:

(T1/T2) = (3.30/2.60) * (L1/L2)^2

Substituting the condition that the pulses reach the ends of the strings simultaneously, we know that the total time for a pulse to travel down string 1 and back up to the knot is equal to the time for a pulse to travel down string 2 and back up to the knot. This condition implies that the total length of string 1 (2L1) is equal to the total length of string 2 (2L2):

2L1 = 2L2

Solving this equation for L2 and substituting it into the expression for T1/T2 derived above, we get:

T1/T2 = (3.30/2.60) * (L1/2L1)^2 = 1.25

Solving for L1, we obtain:

L1 = sqrt(T1/μ1) * (2L2/v) = sqrt((1.25)*(2.60/3.30)) * (2L2)

Simplifying this expression, we get:

L1 = (2/3) * sqrt(2.60/3.30) * L2

Therefore, the required length of string 1 is (2/3) * sqrt(2.60/3.30) times the length of string 2. We can substitute the given length of string 2, say L2 = 1 meter, into this expression to obtain the required length of string 1:

L1 = (2/3) * sqrt(2.60/3.30) * 1 meter ≈ 0.693 meter.

Therefore, the required length of string 1 is approximately 0.693 meter and the required length of string 2 is 1 meter.

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Answer:

When a massive star, much larger than our sun, reaches the end of its life cycle, it will undergo a series of fusion reactions in its core until it forms iron, which cannot undergo further fusion. Without fusion to counteract the force of gravity, the core collapses in on itself, causing the outer layers of the star to rapidly expand and creating a red supergiant. Eventually, the outer layers of the star will be expelled in a supernova explosion, leaving behind either a neutron star or a black hole, depending on the mass of the original star. So, the correct answer is B.

If a displacement vector is 23 km in length and directed 65° south of east. the components of this vector is: (a) 21 km 9.7 km.

The displacement vector can be resolved into its eastward and southward components using trigonometry. Let's call the eastward component "x" and the southward component "y".

From the given information, we know that the displacement vector makes an angle of 65° south of east. This means that the angle between the vector and the eastward axis is 90° - 65° = 25°.

Using trigonometry, we can relate the length of the vector to its components:

cos 25° = x / 23

sin 25° = y / 23

Solving for x and y, we get:

x = 23 cos 25° ≈ 21 km

y = 23 sin 25° ≈ 9.7 km

Therefore, the answer is (a) 21 km eastward component and 9.7 km southward component.

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Okay, let's convert all the lengths to the same unit to compare:

(a) 100 m = 100 meters

(b) 104 μm = 104 micrometers = 104 × 10^-6 meters = 0.000104 meters

(c) 107 nm = 107 nanometers = 107 × 10^-9 meters = 0.000000000997 meters

(d) 102 mm = 102 millimeters = 102 × 10^-3 meters = 0.0102 meters

The longest length is:

(a) 100 m = 100 meters

The answer is option (a).

Answer: 100 m

Explanation:

1 μm = [tex]10^{-6}[/tex] m = 0,000001 m

1 nm = [tex]10^{-9}[/tex] m = 0,000000001 m

1 mm = [tex]10^{-3}[/tex] m = 0,001 m

∴ 100 m es la mayor longitud

Answer:

Explanation:

The decay of a radioactive substance is governed by the formula:N(t) = N₀ e^(-λt)where N₀ is the initial amount of the substance, N(t) is the amount remaining after time t, and λ is the decay constant.The half-life of Iodine-131 is 8 days, which means that after each 8-day period, the amount remaining will be reduced by half. We can use this fact to calculate the amount remaining after 56 days.First, we need to find the decay constant λ, which is related to the half-life by the formula:λ = ln(2) / t½where ln(2) is the natural logarithm of 2, and t½ is the half-life.Substituting the values we have:λ = ln(2) / 8 days ≈ 0.08664 day^(-1)Next, we can use the formula for N(t) to calculate the amount remaining after 56 days:N(56) = N₀ e^(-λt) = 256 g e^(-0.08664 day^(-1) × 56 days) ≈ 22.6 gTherefore, approximately 22.6 grams of the original 256 gram sample would remain after 56 days.

To correct the issue of flipped imagery caused by mirrors you can use a technique called "mirror flipping". Mirror flipping involves using a second mirror to reflect the reflected image from the first mirror which then flips it back to its original orientation

Alternatively you can use a prism to correct the orientation of the image. A prism is a transparent object that can bend light. By placing it infront of the mirror you can reflect the twice, effectively helping in the correction of the orientation of the image

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The correct statement is" He discovered electromagnetic induction after seeing a changing magnetic field generate an electric current."The correct option is C.

Hans Oersted was a physicist who conducted a number of experiments in the early 19th century that contributed to our understanding of the relationship between electricity and magnetism. In one of his most famous experiments, he discovered electromagnetic induction, which is the process by which a changing magnetic field generates an electric current in a nearby conductor.

Option A is incorrect because Oersted did not discover electromagnetic induction by seeing a compass needle deflected by a flowing electric current. Instead, he noticed that a compass needle was deflected when a current-carrying wire was brought near it.

Option B is incorrect because although Oersted observed a compass needle is deflected, it was not solely due to the flowing electric current. It was the interaction between the electric current and the magnetic field that caused the deflection.

Option D is incorrect because although a changing magnetic field can generate an electric current, Oersted's discovery was based on the observation of a current-carrying wire creating a magnetic field that affected a nearby compass needle.

Therefore, the correct option is C because Oersted discovered electromagnetic induction by seeing a changing magnetic field generate an electric current, which is the core concept of this phenomenon.

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Explanation:

INITIAL  Vertical velocity is given by

30 m/s * sin 37

 then gravity begins to slow it down

30 sin37  -  (9.81) t   = vertical velocity at  t

    when v = 0 , the car is at its apex and will fall back down in the same amount of time

  0 = 30 sin37 - 9.81 t      shows t = 1.84 seconds to peak

    then another 1.84 seconds to fall to the ground   total = 3.7 seconds

Answer:

The final velocity is 30 m/s

Explanation:

Use the formula:

[tex]V_{f} = V_{i} +a*t\\V_{f} = 0 + 0.5*60\\V_{f} = 30 m/s[/tex]

Answer:

A

Opposite poles will attract

Answer:

Explanation:

To find the angle of deviation, we can use the formula:

angle of deviation = (refractive index of metal - refractive index of air) x angle of incidence

The angle of incidence can be calculated using Snell's law:

sin(angle of incidence) / sin(angle of refraction) = refractive index of air / refractive index of metal

sin(angle of incidence) / sin(25°) = 1 / 1.75

sin(angle of incidence) = 0.5714

angle of incidence = 34°

Now we can substitute this value into the formula for angle of deviation:

angle of deviation = (1.75 - 1) x 34°

angle of deviation = 21°

Therefore, the angle of deviation is 21°.

This is based on the principle of conservation of energy and momentum.

When the collision of golf balls takes place the energy gets transferred from one ball to the other.

The golf balls experience a force that causes them to change their form and also direction. During the collision, the mechanical energy is converted into heat, sound, and other forms of energy. The rest of energy is used to move in a new direction.

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a. The current through the resistor is 2.50 milliamperes. b. The power dissipated by the resistor is 62.5 milliwatts. c. The power input from the battery is also 62.5 milliwatts. d. The energy dissipated by the resistor is converted into heat energy and is lost to the surroundings.

The current through the resistor can be found using Ohm's law:

I = V/R = 25.00 V / 10 kΩ = 2.50 mA

The power dissipated by the resistor can be found using the formula:

P = I² R

Substituting the values, we get:

P = (2.50 x 10⁻³ A)² x 10 kΩ = 62.5 mW

The power input from the battery can be found using the formula:

P = IV

Substituting the values, we get:

P = (2.50 x 10⁻³ A) x 25.00 V = 62.5 mW

The energy dissipated by the resistor is converted into heat energy and is lost to the surroundings. This is known as joule heating or ohmic heating, where the electrical energy is converted into thermal energy due to the resistance of the material.

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Answer:

In a horizontal mass spring system, the energy changes between potential energy and kinetic energy. When the spring is at its equilibrium position, the mass has potential energy stored in the spring, and no kinetic energy. As the mass is displaced from its equilibrium position and begins to move, potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. The maximum kinetic energy occurs when the mass is at the maximum displacement.

As the mass moves back towards the equilibrium position, the kinetic energy is converted back into potential energy stored in the spring. The maximum potential energy is reached when the mass reaches the equilibrium position. The energy then changes back to kinetic energy as the mass moves past the equilibrium position again.

If the same mass spring system is vibrating vertically instead of horizontally, gravitational potential energy also comes into play. When the mass is at its highest point, it has maximum gravitational potential energy and minimum kinetic energy. As it falls towards the equilibrium position, the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. At the equilibrium position, the kinetic energy is maximum and potential energy is minimum. As the mass moves back up towards the maximum point, the kinetic energy is converted back into gravitational potential energy. This process continues as the system oscillates vertically.

To drive the barrel over the step, the least horizontal force F necessary is 2366.16 N.

To push the barrel over the step, the minimum force required should overcome the force of gravity acting on the barrel and the force of static friction between the barrel and the surface.

The perpendicular component of the weight is given as N = mgcosθ, where m = mass of the barrel,

g = acceleration due to gravity, and

θ = angle between the weight and normal to the surface.

In this case, θ as the inverse tangent of the ratio of the height of step to the distance from the edge of the step to the center of the barrel:

θ = tan⁻¹(0.2/0.5) = 0.39 radians

Therefore, the normal force is N = (1500)(9.81)cos(0.39) = 1443.6 N.

The force of static friction can be found as f = μsN,

where μs = coefficient of static friction.

Assume the coefficient of static friction between the barrel and the surface is 0.6.

f = (0.6)(1443.6) = 866.16 N.

The minimum force required to push the barrel over the step should overcome both these forces. Then, the smallest horizontal force that can push the barrel over the step is:

F = force of gravity + force of static friction

F = 1500 + 866.16

F = 2366.16 N.

Therefore, the smallest horizontal force F required to push the barrel over the step is 2366.16 N.

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The speed of the pendulum at the instant it reaches an angle of 20.6 degrees above the vertical is 3.02 m/s.

A pendulum is a weight suspended from a fixed point that swings back and forth due to the force of gravity.

Based on the given information, we have a pendulum of length 1.06 m and it is released from rest at an angle of 41.2 degrees to the vertical. We need to find the speed of the pendulum at the instant it reaches an angle of 20.6 degrees above the vertical.

To solve this problem, we can use the conservation of mechanical energy. At the highest point of the pendulum's swing, all of its energy is in the form of potential energy, and at the lowest point of its swing, all of its energy is in the form of kinetic energy. Therefore, we can write:

PE_max = KE_min

where PE_max is the potential energy at the maximum height and KE_min is the kinetic energy at the lowest point.

The potential energy of a pendulum is given by:

PE = mgh

where m is the mass of the pendulum, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height above some reference point.

The kinetic energy of a pendulum is given by:

KE = (1/2)mv^2

where v is the speed of the pendulum.

First, we need to find the vertical height difference between the pendulum's highest and lowest points. To do this, we can use trigonometry:

h = L(1 - cosθ)

where L is the length of the pendulum and θ is the initial angle to the vertical. Substituting the given values, we get:

h = 1.06(1 - cos(41.2°)) = 0.654 m

Next, we can use the conservation of mechanical energy to find the speed of the pendulum at the lowest point of its swing. At this point, all of the potential energy has been converted into kinetic energy, so we can write:

PE_max = KE_min

mgh = (1/2)mv^2

Canceling out the mass, we get:

gh = (1/2)v^2

Solving for v, we get:

v = sqrt(2gh)

where g is the acceleration due to gravity. Substituting the given values, we get:

v = sqrt(2(9.81 m/s^2)(0.654 m)) = 3.78 m/s

Finally, we need to find the speed of the pendulum when it reaches an angle of 20.6 degrees above the vertical. At this point, the pendulum has a potential energy of:

PE = mgh' = mgh cos(20.6°)

where h' is the height of the pendulum at this point. To find h', we can use trigonometry:

h' = L(1 - cosθ')

where θ' is the angle above the vertical. Substituting the given values, we get:

h' = 1.06(1 - cos(20.6°)) = 0.242 m

Substituting the values for h' and solving for the kinetic energy, we get:

KE = PE_max - mgh' = mgh - mgh'

Substituting the known values, we get:

KE = (1 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)(0.654 m) - (1 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)(0.242 m) = 5.11 J

Now, we can solve for the speed at this point:

KE = (1/2)mv^2

5.11 J = (1/2)(1 kg)v^2

v = sqrt((2)(5.11 J)/(1 kg)) = 3.02 m/s

Therefore, The pendulum is moving at a speed of 3.02 m/s when it reaches an angle of 20.6 degrees above vertical.

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Supermassive black holes that are devouring gas at the center of far-off galaxies are known as quasars.

Since, the quasars were initially identified by astronomers in 1963 as objects that resembled stars but gave off radio waves instead, the term quasar is an abbreviation for quasi-stellar radio source.

Quasars are so bright that they drown out the light from all other stars in the same galaxy. Quasars give off radio waves, X-rays, gamma-rays, ultraviolet rays, and visible light across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Most of them are larger than our solar system.

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may or may not be lying. ＼(^_^)／

a. f = 5.0 Hz

b. T = 1/f

1/5.0 Hz

period of 0.20 s

c. λ = v/f

4.0 m/s / 5.0 Hz

wavelength of 0.80 m

IG:whis.sama_ent

A wave oscillates 5.0 times a second and has a speed of 4.0 m/s.

A. The frequency of any wave is the number of times it oscillates in one  second. That's given in the question.  

Frequency  =  5.0 Hertz.

B.  The period of any wave is the reciprocal of its frequency.

Period  =  (1 / 5.0 Hz)  

Period  =  0.2 second .

C.  The wavelength of any wave is (speed / frequency).

Both of these numbers are given in the question.

Wavelength = (4.0 m/s) / (5.0 Hz) .

Wavelength  =   0.8 meter .

Answer:

As a protostar contract, the temperature rises. This increase in temperature leads to the initiation of nuclear fusion reactions, where hydrogen atoms fuse together to form helium, releasing energy in the process. This energy causes the protostar to heat up and begin to emit light, eventually becoming a stable star.

The answer is B. The temperature rises.

The force of attraction between two charges is proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

A square is a two-dimensional geometric shape that has four sides of equal length and four right angles (90-degree angles) between them. The sides of a square are parallel to each other and perpendicular to its adjacent sides. All four corners of a square are also known as vertices, and the diagonals of a square bisect each other at right angles.

The area of a square is calculated by multiplying the length of one of its sides by itself. The perimeter of a square is calculated by adding up the lengths of all four sides. The properties of a square make it useful in various applications, such as in geometry, architecture, and construction.

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1. The half-life is 2 days

2. The time taken is 130 days

3. The half-life is 30 minutes

4. The half-life is 213000 years

The half-life of a material is the time taken for half the material to decay.

From the above diagram, the following were obtained

From the diagram, we can see that the time taken to get to half of the element is 2 days.

Thus, we can conclude that the half-life is 2 days

First, we shall determine the number of half lives that has elapsed. This is obtained as follow:

2ⁿ = N₀ / N

2ⁿ = 100 / 25

2ⁿ = 4

2ⁿ = 2²

n = 2

Finally, we shall determine the time taken. Details below

t = n × t½

t = 2 × 65

Time taken = 130 days

First, we shall determine the number of half lives that has elapsed. This is obtained as follow:

2ⁿ = N₀ / N

2ⁿ = 200 / 50

2ⁿ = 4

2ⁿ = 2²

n = 2

Finally, we shall determine the half-life. Details below

t½ = t / n

t½ = 60 / 2

Half-life = 30 minutes

First, we shall determine the number of half lives that has elapsed. This is obtained as follow:

2ⁿ = N₀ / N

2ⁿ = 500 / 62.5

2ⁿ = 8

2ⁿ = 2³

n = 3

Finally, we shall determine the half-life. Details below

t½ = t / n

t½ = 639000 / 3

Half-life = 213000 years

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