The result of all of these scientific contributions except Rutherford's gold foil experiment proved the existence of the nucleus.
The valence electrons mainly determine the chemical houses of the elements. The elements inside the equal group have comparable chemical homes because they have identical valence shell electron configurations. The electrons in the power degrees with the highest range are in common the farthest from the nucleus.
Because variations in electrons placed inside the outermost stage distinguish an atom from its nearest noble fuel these are the electrons accountable for the atom's chemical conduct. Electrons located inside the outermost shell of the electron cloud are called valence electrons and feature the best power. Valence electrons determine the chemical homes of an element or how the valence electrons of 1 element are shared or traded with valence electrons of other elements to create new molecules.
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Identify the effect of each error during a thin layer chromatography experiment.
1. The mobile phase used does not move any of the spots at all.
a. There can be no separation of components
b. Accurate Rf values cannot be determined
c. There will be smears on the TLC plate
2. Pen rather than pencil is used to draw the lines on the plate.
a. There can be no separation of components
b. Accurate Rf values cannot be determined
c. There will be smears on the TLC plate
3. The solvent line is not marked after the TLC plate is removed from the chamber.
a. There can be no separation of components
b. Accurate Rf values cannot be determined
c. There will be smears on the TLC plate
4. The TLC plate remains in the chamber even after the solvent has reached the top of the plate.
a. There can be no separation of components
b. Accurate Rf values cannot be determined
c. There will be smears on the TLC plate
1. The mobile phase used does not move any of the spots at all.
The answer is;
a. There can be no separation of components
2. Pen rather than a pencil is used to draw the lines on the plate.
c. There will be smears on the TLC plate
3. The solvent line is not marked after the TLC plate is removed from the chamber.
b. Accurate Rf values cannot be determined
4. The TLC plate remains in the chamber even after the solvent has reached the top of the plate.
b. Accurate Rf values cannot be determined
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chemoheterotrophs multiple choice use sunlight as an energy source. use pre-formed organic molecules as a carbon source. use pre-formed organic molecules as an energy source. use inorganic chemicals as an energy source.
Chemoheterotrophs use pre-formed organic molecules as a carbon source.
They are those microbes who get their carbon and energy source from organic sources.
All animals are chemoheterotrophs even the bacteria that live inside humans. By breaking down the food they get their energy and building materials to grow their body.
Chemoheterotrophs plays a very vital role in ecosystem. All herbivores, carnivores, scavengers, decomposers are chemoheterotrophs.
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How many grams of O2 will be consumed during the formation of 14.46 grams of Fe2O3? Report your answer with 3 significant figures.
4 Fe + 3 O2 → 2 Fe2O3
Considering the reaction stoichiometry, 4.3461 grams of O₂ will be consumed during the formation of 14.46 grams of Fe₂O₃.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
4 Fe + 3 O₂ → 2 Fe₂O₃
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
Fe: 4 molesO₂: 3 molesFe₂O₃: 2 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
Fe: 55.85 g/moleO₂: 32 g/moleFe₂O₃: 159.7 g/moleThen, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
Fe: 4 moles ×55.85 g/mole= 223.4 gramsO₂: 3 moles ×32 g/mole= 96 gramsFe₂O₃: 2 moles ×159.7 g/mole= 319.4 gramsMass of O₂ consumed
The following rule of three can be applied: If by reaction stoichiometry 319.4 grams of Fe₂O₃ are formed from 96 grams of O₂, 14.46 grams of Fe₂O₃ are formed from how much mass of O₂?
mass of O₂= (14.46 grams of Fe₂O₃×96 grams of O₂)÷ 319.4 grams of Fe₂O₃
mass of O₂= 4.3461 grams
Finally, 4.3461 grams of O₂ will be consumed.
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A solution was found to have a 15. 6 % transmittance at 500 nm, its wavelength of maximum absorption, using a cell with a path length of 5. 00 cm. Calculate the absorbance of the solution in a 1. 00 cm cell at 500 nm.
The correct answer is 0.161.
Solution:
Percentage transmission (%T) of the sample = 15.6
Therefore, Absorbance (A) 2 – log (%T) = 2 – log (15.6) = 0.8069
Use Beer’s law:
A = ε*c*l where ε = molar absorptivity of the solution, c = concentration of the solution, and l = path length of the solution.
Given A = 0.8069 and l = 5.00 cm, we must have
0.8069 = ε*c*(5.00 cm)
ε*c = 0.16138 cm-1
For the next part, assume that ε*c remains constant and we have
A’ = ε*c*l’ where l = 1.00 cm.
Plug in values and write
A’ = (0.16138 cm-1)*(1.00 cm) = 0.16138
Absorption measures the amount of light of a particular wavelength that a particular substance blocks from passing. The two main factors that affect absorption are substance concentration and optical path length. The net Absorption Rate is calculated using the formula of the total vacant area at the beginning of the period plus square feet.
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assume gas collecting bottle is 150 ml by volume. calculate the mass of hydrogen gas that was collected
Gas collecting bottle is 150 ml by volume then the mass of hydrogen gas that was collected is 3.48 gram
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in a substance or an object
Here given data is
Volume = 150 ml
Density of H₂ gas = 0.000523
So we have to calculate mass = ?
Mass = density/volume
Mass = 0.000523/150 ml
Mass = 3.48 gram
Mass of hydrogen gas that was collected is 3.48 gram
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ethylene glycol, the substance used in automobile antifreeze, is composed of 38.7% c, 9.7% h, and 51.6% o by mass. its molar mass is 62.1 g/mol. determine both the empirical and molecular formula of ethylene glycol.
Like all automotive antifreeze compounds, they are 38.7% carbon. So carbon is 38.7 9.7% hydrogen, 9.7 hydrogen and 51.6% oxygen. all right. Ah 1500 6% oxygen. yes. all right. Next, we need to empirically find molecular phone lines emitted from the ground.
Well, first of all, yes there are more. We have the atomic weight of carbon. 1201 Oxygen 16. The process divides each percentage by the fractional mass by 50%. So divided by 3 good points to find 38.7. This is 9.7 divided by 1, which is 9.7, and 51.6 divided by 16, which is 5157 divided by 16. I want to believe all right. The next step is to share each. youngest age. The minimum he is 3.225. If you're sharing now, we're sharing 3.225 times 3.225 is one 9.7 x 3.225. Approximately 3 and 3.225 divided by 3.225. So we have an empirical formula where carbon is 1, hydrogen is 3, and oxygen is 1. See below for 3. A small amount of Italian black hole was given. First find the molecular formula. The empirical mass is 2, 3, 16, which is 12 plus 1. So 15 plus 7 30 from g Berman. This is the molecular formula of the molecule. Therefore, we can find the sector of the mass of the molecular formula divided by the mass of the empirical formula. Remember that we are using this subdivision. Thus, for molecular and larger LAMAs.
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what is the energy, in j, of light that must be absorbed by a hydrogen atom to transition an electron from n
the energy, in j, of light that must be absorbed by a hydrogen atom to transition an electron from n is 2.179 x 10^-18J.
What is the most important thing that people should know about hydrogen?
The most important thing that people should know about hydrogen is that it is the most abundant element in the universe.
Some characteristics of hydrogen are:
Hydrogen is also the lightest element, and it is highly reactive.Hydrogen is found in most organic compounds and is essential for life. Hydrogen can also be used as a fuel, which can be used to power vehicles. Hydrogen is highly flammable, and has the potential to create powerful explosions.
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12 g of magnesium ribbon was heated in a crucible. At the end of the reaction 20 g of magnesium oxide had been produced. What mass of oxygen had reacted with the magnesium?.
The mass of oxygen reacted with magnesium is 8 grams.
The formula mass of a substance is defined as the sum of the atomic masses of constituent atoms that are present in a compound. This is generally used for compounds which do not contain discrete molecules, and ions as their constituent units.
The combustion reaction of magnesium is as follows
2Mg + 02 + heat → 2MgO
Molar mass of MgO = 24.32 g/mol
Mole of Mg in 12g = 12 ÷ 24.32 = 0.4934 mol
From the balanced reaction we can see that the mole ratio of Mg to O2 is 2:1.
Therefore for 0.4934 mol of Mg, mole of 02 required will be = 1/2 × 0.4934 = 0.2467 mol.
Molar mass of O2 = 32g/mol
Hence the mass of O2 required = 0.2467 × 32 = 7.89g
By the conservation of mass; Mg + Oxygen = MgO
Mass of Mg = 12g
Mass of MgO = 20G
Therefore the mass of oxygen reacted with Mg will be = (20-12) = 8 grams
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the entropy of the ideal gas, per molecule, as a function of temperature and pressure, is given by the formula: kb [ (5/2)ln(t/t0) - ln(p/p0) ], where t0 and p0 are temperature and pressure of a reference state. this formula can be easily derived from the formula we derive in class for the entropy as a function of volume and temperature, and the equation of state for the ideal gas, pv
The equation for the entropy of the ideal gas, per molecule, as a function of temperature and pressure reads: 3.138 J mol-1 k-1. t0 and p0, where kb is [(5/2)ln(t/t0) - ln(p/p0)].
entropy is a thermodynamic quantity that measures the degree of disorder or randomness in a system by measuring the thermal energy that cannot be converted into mechanical work in that system. A state of disorder, randomness, or uncertainty is most frequently associated with the scientific concept of entropy.
The force perpendicular to an object's surface that is applied per unit area over that force is known as pressure . The gauge pressure, also known as gauge pressure, is the pressure in relation to the surrounding atmosphere.
S = Ssatp - Satp
= NaRb ( 5/2 ln(273/273.15) - ln (101/ 100))
= 1.713 J mol^-1 k^-1 for three molcules
= 1.713 *3 = 3.138 J mol^-1 k^-1
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Sharon reads two different articles about avocados. The first article, in a weight-loss magazine, claims that avocados
are unhealthy because they are high in fat. The second article, in an annual publication from a doctors' group,
that the fat in avocados is a type that IS good for the heart.
claims
To assess these claims, which question might Sharon ask?
O Which source do avocados come from?
O Where
are avocados soid?
O Is the source an authority on the subject?
• How much do avocados cost?
Answer:which source do avocados come from?
Explanation:
This could be the answer because finding out what source it is would be able to figure out the claims of both the articles
Write the formulae of the acid and base of ZnS.
ZnS is the chemical formula of the zinc sulphide. Zinc sulphide contain two ions i.e. ( Zn ⁺² ) and ( S ⁻² ) ion present in zinc sulphide.
What is acid ?A Bronsted - Lowry acid or Lewis acid is a molecule or ion that has the ability to donate a proton or establish a covalent bond with an electron pair. Proton donors, also known as Bronsted - Lowry acids, are the first class of acids.
Any hydrogen containing material that has the ability to donate a proton (hydrogen ion) to another chemical is considered an acid. A base is a molecule or ion that can take up an acid's hydrogen ion. Typically, sour tastes help to identify acidic chemicals.
Thus, ZnS is the chemical formula of the zinc sulphide. Zinc sulphide contain two ions i.e. ( Zn ⁺² ) and ( S ⁻² ) ion present in zinc sulphide.
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a rigid 5 l vessel contains 2 mols of helium and 3 mols of hydrogen at a pressure of 10 atm. maintaining a constant temperatuture an additional 3 mols of hydrogen are added. what is the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the vessel at the end?
The partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the vessel at the end is 12 atm
How do I determine the partial pressure of hydrogen gas?We'll begin by obtaing the new pressure of the vessel. This can be obtained as follow:
Initial pressure (P₁) = 10 atmInitial mole (n₁) = 2 + 3 = 5 molesNew mole (n₂) = 5 + 3 = 8 molesNew pressure (P₂) =?PV = nRT
Divide both sides by V
P = nRT / V
Divide both sides by n
P / n = RT / V
RT / V => Constant
P₁ / n₁ = P₂ / n₂
10 / 5 = P₂ / 8
2 = P₂ / 8
Cross multiply
P₂ = 2 × 8
P₂ = 16 atm
Thus, the new pressure is 16 atm
Next, we shall determine the mole fraction of hydrogen gas. This is shown below:
Mole of Helium = 2 moles Mole of hydrogen gas = 3 + 3 = 6 molesTotal mole = 2 + 6 = 8 molesMole fraction of hydrogen gas =?Mole fraction = Mole of element / total mole
Mole fraction of hydrogen gas = 6 / 18
Mole fraction of hydrogen gas = 0.75
Finally, we shall determine the partial pressure of the hydrogen gas. This can be obtained as follow:
Mole fraction of hydrogen gas = 0.75Total pressure = 16 atmPartial pressure of hydrogen gas =?Partial pressure = mole fraction of element × total pressure
Partial pressure of hydrogen gas = 0.75 × 16
Partial pressure of hydrogen gas = 12 atm
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is air important for burning with scientific methods
Chlorine will combine with a non metal element carbon to form this molecular compound explain how these bonds are formed?
Answer: When carbon(C) combines with chlorine(Cl), carbon forms single covalent bond with each chlorine atom. The valence shell configuration of uncombined C atom is 2s2 2px1 2py1 .
During combination hybridisation takes place, an electron shifts from 2s to empty 2pz . These four orbitals merge to form four hybrid orbitals. Each hybrid orbital has 1 electron which pairs up with a valence electron of Cl atom to form a covalent bond. Thus the four hybrid orbitals form four single covalent bonds with four chlorine atoms. This completes each atom's octet and gives them noble gas configuration.
When two atoms of different elements combine they always have electronegativity(EN) difference due to which the shared pair of electrons is more closer to more electronegative atom. This gives the bonds some ionic character. So no bond between two atoms of different elements can be purely covalent.
Explanation:
Describe where metals come from, and give one example of how metals are used based on their physical properties.
Answer:
Metals are extracted form ores found in the earth's crust. An ore is a rock containing enough metal or a metal compound to make extracting it worthwhile. An example of its use in everyday life are plumbing pipes made of copper used in electrical wiring and heating systems. Copper is a good conductor of heat and electricity and is immune to corrosion.
Two students are planning to carry out an experiment to infer the strength of intermolecular forces. Which test would not support the students' investigation?.
Two students are inferring the strength of intermolecular forces. The test which would not support their investigation is: measuring the mass of each substance.
What are the intermolecular forces?The intermolecular forces are the secondary force that mediates the interaction between molecules that affects the state of matter. Since the intermolecular forces have a significant role in the physical characteristics of a substance, this force could be investigated by doing these activities:
Compare the viscosity of each substance.Compare the state of matter at room temperature.Determine the melting point of each substance.Determine the boiling point of each substance.Learn more about the intermolecular forces here https://brainly.com/question/29317616
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Question 4 (1 point)
How many oxygens are present on the reactants side of this equation?
KCIO3 --> KCI + O₂
01
5
3
2
Answer
no
Explanation:
Given the data in the table, what is the average atomic mass of chlorine? chlorine-35 chlorine-37 atomic mass 34. 969 amu 36. 966 amu r dative abundance 75. 78 percent 24. 22 percent a. 34. 969 amu b. 35. 453 amu c. 35. 9675 amu d. 36. 966 amu.
According to the periodic table, chlorine has an average atomic mass of 35.453 amu.
Considering that the average atomic mass of chlorine is 35.45 AMU, what is the abundance of Cl-35 and Cl-37?Chlorine has an average atomic mass of 35.45 amu. Percent abundance for x therefore equals 77.5% and (1 - x) equals 0.225, or 22.5%. Chlorine-35 isotope abundance is 77.5%, whereas Chlorine-37 isotope abundance is 22.5%.
Mass spectrometry can be used to demonstrate that the ratio of naturally occurring chlorine isotope 35 to isotope 37 is 3 to 1.
A chlorine-35 atom has 18 neutrons in its nucleus (17 protons plus 18 neutrons), whereas a chlorine-37 atom has 20 neutrons (17 protons plus 20 neutrons = 37 particles in the nucleus). Isotopes of a substance are produced by adding or deleting neutrons from an atom's nucleus.
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indicate the relationship between the two structures in the pair. are they chair conformations of the same molecule? if so, are they conformational diastereomers, conformational enantiomers, or identical? if they are not conformations of the same molecule, what is their stereochemical relationship? two chair structures. both chairs are the same, but the substituents are in different locations. the carbons are arbitratily assigned numbers and move clockwise around the chair. starting from the top right, compound 1 has an axial methyl group pointing up at c 1, an axial methyl group pointing down at c2, an equatorial methyl group in c3 and an equatorial methyl group at c 4. in compound 2, there is an axial methyl group pointing up at c 1, an axial methyl group pointing down at c 6, an equatorial methyl group at c5 and an equatorial methyl group at c4. which statement is true? they are chair con
They are identical conformation of the same molecule.The groups which are pointed up are represented with wedge bonds and the groups which
are pointed down are represented with dash bonds.
One type of wire bonding called wedge bonds uses ultrasonic force and power to forge bonds. In the semiconductor industry, it is a well-liked and frequently applied technique. a mark that represents the location of a bond or group in relation to the paper or screen's surface. When a wedge is solid, it means that this bond or group is projecting outwards toward the observer. This bond or group is moving farther away from the viewer when the wedge is broken (hashed). A clamped piece of wire is coupled under a bonding tool (referred to as a wedge) and a bond pad during wedge bonding. A first wedge bond is created by applying pressure and ultrasonic energy for a predetermined amount of time.
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Write the ground-state electron configuration for calcium, ca. You may write either the full or condensed electron configuration.
The ground-state electron configuration for calcium, ca is : 1s²2s²2p^6 3s²3p^6 4s².
What is electron configuration?In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is described as the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.
The four different types of orbitals (s,p,d, and f) have different shapes, and one orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons. The p, d, and f orbitals have different sublevels, thus can hold more electrons. The electron configuration of each element is specific and unique to whatever position on the periodic table.
In conclusion, calcium electron configuration is shown below as : 1s²2s²2p^6 3s²3p^6 4s².
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the titrations being done in this experiment are acid/base titrations. either an acid is serving as a titrant and the analyte is a base or the base is serving as a titrant and the analyte is an acid. because the analyte is a buffer (a mixture of a weak acid or base and its conjugate) the reaction with the titrant might be difficult to identify. when the acetic acid / sodium acetate buffer is titrated with naoh, what is the chemical reaction with the titrant? [ select ] ch3cooh -oh ch3coo- h2o ch3cooh -oh ch3coo- h2o ch3cooh ch3coo- ch3coo- ch3cooh ch3coo- h3o ch3cooh h2o ch3coo- na ch3coo-na when the ammonia / ammonium chloride buffer is titrated with hcl, what is the chemical with the titrant? [ select ] nh3 h2o nh4 -oh nh4 -oh nh3 h2o nh4 -oh nh4oh nh3 h3o nh4 h2o nh3 -oh no reaction
A buffer is a solution which can resist a change in the pH on addition of a small amount of an acid or a base.
Case 1: There is an acidic buffer containing a weak acid CH3COOH and salt of its conjugate base CH3COONa.
Explanation of how a buffer works:
The following reaction would take place:
HCl + CH3COONa + CH3COOH + NaCl
If a small amount of bases added, then CH3COOH acts as a buffering agent and the following reaction would take place:
NaOH+ CH3COOH + CH3COONa + H2O
Hence, when the acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer is titrated with NaOH, The buffering agent is CH3COOH and reaction(1) will occur.
CH3COOH + -OH ⟶ CH3COO + H2O
Case 2: There is an basic buffer containing a weak base NH4OH and salt of its conjugate acid NH4OH.
The following reaction would take place:
HCl + NH4OH+ = NH4Cl + H2O
NaOH(aq) + NH4Cl(aq) 1 NH4OH(aq) + H2O(
When the ammonium chloride buffer is titrated with HCl reaction will occur.
NH3(aq) + H3O+(aq) ⟶ NH4+(aq) + H2O
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which of the following does not describe a metal? question 24 options: a) good conductor of electricity b) good conductor of heat c) found on the left side of the periodic table d) tends to gain electrons e) forms ionic compounds with nonmetals
Metals are located in the left side of periodic table. They are good conductors of heat and electricity. Metals form ionic compounds by losing electrons and not by gain of electrons. Thus, option d does not describe a metal.
What are metals?Metals are electropositive elements located in the left side of periodic table. They are electrons rich and easily lose electrons through chemical bonding.
Metals forms ionic compounds with non-metals through losing electrons to the non-metals. Non-metals are mostly electronegative and are placed in the right side of periodic table.
Non-metals are electron - deficient and they need to gain electrons through chemical bonding to attain stability. Therefore, option d describes a non-metal and not a metal.
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Unknown element X forms an ion with a plus 2 charge (X2+). Unknown element Z forms an ion with a negative 3 charge Z3-). What is the formula for the ionic compound formed when X bonds with Z?
X[tex]Z^{-}[/tex] is the formula for the ionic compound formed when X bonds with Z
What is a ionic compound ?A chemical compound known as an ionic compound is one that contains ions bound together by the electrostatic forces known as ionic bonding. Despite of having both positively and negatively charged ions, or cations and anions, the molecule is generally neutral.
What is a formula?A formula, such as a mathematical formula or a chemical formula, is a brief manner of symbolically representing information.
The exchange of one or more electrons between atoms results in the formation of ionic bonds between two or more atoms. Positive ions called cations and negative ions called anions are created during electron transfer.
Hence, X[tex]Z^{-}[/tex] is the formula for the ionic compound formed when X bonds with Z
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Why does the developing chamber need to be prepared before adding the tlc plate?.
The developing chamber needs to be prepared because the solutions of the solute and solvent to dissolved.
What is a TLC plate?
TLC Plate Buying Guide Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), a standard analytical method for separating and identifying the chemicals in a given mixture, can also be used to assess the purity of a specific component included within that mixture. Gypsum and 60 G TLC Silica Gel Plates
What is the chamber process?
The Chamber technique, also known as the "lead-chamber process," is an industrial method for manufacturing sulfuric acid by oxidizing sulfur dioxide with moist air and employing gaseous nitrogen oxides as catalysts. The reaction is generally carried out in several sizable, box-like chambers made of sheet lead.
Simply replacing the watch glass with aluminum foil and getting the developing chamber ready before adding the TLC plates gives the solvent time to saturate, producing quicker and more repeatable results.
Therefore, the TLC plates gives the solvent time to saturate, producing quicker and more repeatable results.
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Describe the temperature, moisture and air pressure associated with a Maritime Tropical air mass.
Answer:
it is damp moist and other things
Explanation:
The total mass of the system before the reaction and the total mass of the system after the reaction should be the same. Explain why this is the case in terms of what happens to atoms in a chemical reaction.
Answer:
The law of conservation of mass states that mass can not be created nor destroyed. This law applies to chemical reactions as the mass of the atoms stays the same, even after the reaction.
Does an increase in the number of electrons around the nucleus of an atom always increase the size of the atom?
Answer: The radius of atoms increases as you move down a particular group in the periodic table of elements because an atom grows larger as the number of electronic shells increases.
Explanation:
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Bomb calorimetry is best for determining heat values. Because we cannot have a bomb calorimeter for every pair of students, we use what is readily avaliable. Why would two styrofoam cups be an economical way of determining these heat values and what is the of the major pitfalls of using this system?.
Styrofoam cups have more capacity to absorb heat in higher rate and it is economically cheap. However, it never reaches the reaction's full temperature before you stop taking readings.
What is bomb calorimeter?A bomb calorimeter is used to determine the heat energy absorbed or released in a reaction.The reaction mixture and the calorimeter both heat up.
Since more of the reaction's heat was used to warm the calorimeter than the reaction mixture, a calorimeter that absorbs a lot of energy will have a significantly lower final temperature.
The calorimeter constant is a quantity that depends on the composition and mass of the calorimeter. Steel and styrofoam both absorb heat at a higher rate per gram, although the steel calorimeter is likely heavier.
Fast reactions come with the further disadvantage that the styrofoam calorimeter almost certainly never reaches the reaction's full temperature before you stop taking readings. As a result, there is a little source of heat that is lost from the metal calorimeter.
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When preparing a solution in a cuvette, make sure to handle the cuvette by the __________ and avoid touching the ____________ then, ____________ the cuvette before placing it in the spectrophotometer.
Answer: Textured sides, smooth sides, wipe down.
When performing today’s experiment you leave the lid off your setup for the calibration. You remember that you left it off and decide to add it when determining the heat lost by the metal. When performing your calculations, you determine that your heat capacity values are off. Would your values be too high or too low?.
Thus we can see that if we leave the lid off our setup for the calibration which would allow some heat to escape to the atmosphere. This will yield a lower specific heat value
What is calibration ?
One of the fundamental methods required to ensure instrument accuracy is calibration. Calibration is the process of arranging an instrument to produce a result within an acceptable range for a sample. A major part of instrumentation design is eliminating or limiting causes that produce faulty measurements.
For today's tests, we leave the lid off our setup for calibration, allowing some heat to escape to the atmosphere. This results in a lower specific heat value.
For example, if the real value of Q before we remove the lid is 100 J, our calibration setup is 100 J.
And the metal mass is 10 g.
And the temperature has risen by 5 degrees Celsius.
Q = mcdT
Now, compute the value of C:
100 J = 10 g*C* 5C
C= 2 J / g-c
Now that the lid has been opened, some of the heat has escaped into the atmosphere,
and we have Q = 90 J.
Then;
Q = mcdT
Now, compute the value of C:
90 J = 10 g*C* 5C
C= 1.8J / g-c
Thus we can see that if we leave the lid off our setup for the calibration which would allow some heat to escape to the atmosphere. This will yield a lower specific heat value
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