The 1973 Roe v. Wade decision was a landmark ruling by the United States Supreme Court that upheld a woman's right to secure an abortion. This decision was primarily based on the constitutional right to privacy, which is protected under the 14th Amendment's Due Process Clause.
The court found that a woman's choice to have an abortion is a personal and private matter, and the government should not interfere in this decision-making process.
The ruling in Roe v. Wade established a legal framework for abortion rights in the United States, dividing pregnancy into three trimesters. During the first trimester, a woman has the unrestricted right to choose an abortion. In the second trimester, states can regulate abortions to protect the mother's health.
In the third trimester, states can regulate or prohibit abortions, except when necessary to preserve the life or health of the mother.
The Roe v. Wade decision has been a topic of debate and controversy since it was issued. While it has had a significant impact on women's reproductive rights, it has also prompted various legal challenges and efforts to restrict or overturn the ruling. However, the central holding of Roe v. Wade – a woman's right to secure an abortion – remains an important legal precedent in the United States.
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federalism is reflected in which feature of the us constitution? powers delegated to the states separation of powers within the federal government the ability of the constitution to be amended
Federalism is reflected in the US Constitution through powers delegated to the states. The Constitution delegates certain powers to the federal government while reserving others to the states or to the people.
This distribution of powers between the federal and state governments is a fundamental principle of federalism, and it is reflected in a number of provisions throughout the Constitution.
These provisions include the Tenth Amendment, which reserves to the states or to the people all powers not delegated to the federal government, as well as several other clauses that further define the respective powers of the federal and state governments.
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governors can only achieve their agendas through their formal powers. true or false
"Governors can only achieve their agendas through their formal powers." The statement is False.
While formal powers such as veto authority, budget proposal powers, and appointment powers are important tools for governors to achieve their agendas, they are not the only means available to governors. In fact, many governors also rely on informal powers such as their public platform and influence to achieve their policy goals.
For example, governors may use their public speeches, media appearances, and social media accounts to raise awareness of certain issues and build public support for their agenda. They may also engage in coalition-building with other elected officials, interest groups, and stakeholders to advance their priorities.
Furthermore, governors may use their executive discretion to shape policy outcomes, even in areas where they lack formal powers. For instance, they may use their power to issue executive orders or direct the activities of executive branch agencies to achieve their objectives.
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Explain the studies by Tolman & Honzik (1930) & how they challenged the notion that there was not a cognitive component to learning
Tolman & Honzik (1930) conducted a series of experiments on rats that challenged the prevailing belief that learning is solely based on stimulus-response associations, which lacked a cognitive component. Their studies demonstrated the existence of cognitive processes in learning, specifically through the concept of latent learning and cognitive maps.
Tolman and Honzik were psychologists who conducted well-known experiments in the field of learning and behaviorism. The study, known as the "latent learning" experiment, involved a group of rats who were placed in a maze with a reward at the end. While one group of rats received the reward every time they successfully navigated the maze, another group received the reward only after a certain number of trials. Finally, a third group received the reward after a variable number of trials. The results showed that the third group, who received the reward after a variable number of trials, had learned the maze more quickly than the other groups, despite not receiving the reward consistently. This led Tolman and Honzik to conclude that there was a "latent" learning process occurring, whereby the rats were developing a mental map of the maze even before the reward was introduced, and that this was a key component of learning and behavior.
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The locations where NSPs meet to exchange traffic are sometimes called
The locations where NSPs meet to exchange traffic are sometimes called Internet exchange points (IXPs).
IXPs are physical locations where different NSPs connect their networks together, allowing them to exchange traffic and efficiently route data between their respective networks.
The importance of IXPs lies in their ability to facilitate faster and more cost-effective data transfer between NSPs. By connecting to an IXP, NSPs can avoid the need for costly long-haul connections and instead transfer data locally through the exchange point. This reduces latency and improves network performance, making it a crucial component of the internet infrastructure.
In addition to facilitating efficient data transfer, IXPs also promote competition among NSPs, leading to improved service quality and better pricing for end-users. They also encourage the development of new services and applications, further enhancing the growth of the internet.
Overall, IXPs play a vital role in the smooth functioning of the internet and are essential to ensuring that the global network continues to evolve and expand in the years to come.
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sheila retired two years ago at the age of 65. she would have worked a few more years, but felt pressure to make room for new younger recruits at her state job. no longer as active on a daily basis, her morale and self concept are lower. in addressing this issue, a developmental psychologist may recommend that sheila gets involved in voluntary and leisure organizations, child care or other forms of social interaction. this supports which theory?
Activity theory is advised for Sheila in this situation because she has recently retired and has a very low self-concept and morale.
The functionalist view, which is reflected in activity theory, holds that an individual's equilibrium should be preserved throughout their lifespan. The hypothesis states that older people who experience role loss will replace lost positions with new ones.
The overall objective behind the activity theory is to keep retired people active because an unactive mind and body leads to mental disorders and makes a person both physically as well as mentally sick.
But as we know that retired people don't have to physical abilities to work for long hours, therefore light activities like teaching children and other social help etc. are advised for them.
The goal of the activity system is object-orientedness. According to the natural sciences, objects are thought to be objective, but they also include social and cultural characteristics. The term "object" refers to the objectivity of reality.
People involved in the activities are said to be the subject or internalizers; the conventional idea of mental processes who increase motivation.
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sheila retired two years ago at the age of 65. she would have worked a few more years, but felt pressure to make room for new younger recruits at her state job. no longer as active on a daily basis, her morale and self concept are lower. in addressing this issue, a developmental psychologist may recommend that sheila gets involved in voluntary and leisure organizations, child care or other forms of social interaction. this supports which theory? responses continuity theory continuity theory disengagement theory disengagement theory free radical theory free radical theory activity theory activity theory
Name and explain the 5 stages of Constructive Conflict
These stages are designed to facilitate effective communication and resolution during disagreements. They are:
Identifying the issue, Expressing positions and interests, Listening and understanding, Generating options and solutions, Selecting and implementing a solution
Communication is usually defined as the transmission of information. The term can also refer to the message itself, or the field of inquiry studying these transmissions, also known as communication studies. There are some disagreements about the precise definition of communication - for example, whether unintentional or failed transmissions are also included and whether communication does not just transmit meaning but also create it. Models of communication aim to provide a simplified overview of its main components and their interaction. Many models include the idea that a source uses a coding system to express information in the form of a message. The source uses a channel to send the message to a receiver who has to decode it in order to understand its meaning.
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PLEASE HELP ME NOW!!
COMPARE Compare the author's use of the phrase
"yawning blackness below" in paragraph 5 with her reference to "that inky blackness beneath" in paragraph 21. What does the author convey about her feelings by returning to this image?
The phrase "yawning blackness below contrast between two groups, a wide gap between the rich and the poor, or any other such disparity.
What is a sentence example using the term yawn?She sighed and stretched sluggishly. At the remarks, they yawned and appeared bored. A loud yawn was muted by Rosanna. The discussion was absurd.
when a guy on a date yawns?The majority of us take yawning as an indication of fatigue or sleepiness in the other person. Even while that could be the case, it's definitely not a good sign—especially on a first date. By taking in more oxygen, yawning may be a technique for calming down. A yawn could be a symptom of anxiety, so pay attention to it.
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McKinley does not like Parker, but McKinley treats Parker in an excessively friendly manner. Freud would say that McKinley is using the defense mechanism, ________.
rationalization
projection
reaction formation
repression
Based on the scenario provided, Freud would say that McKinley is using the defense mechanism, "reaction formation".
Defense mechanism, in psychoanalytic theory, is any of a group of mental processes that enables the mind to reach compromise solutions to conflicts that it is unable to resolve. The process is usually unconscious, and the compromise generally involves concealing from oneself internal drives or feelings that threaten to lower self-esteem or provoke anxiety. The defense mechanism that Freud would say McKinley is using is "reaction formation." This is when someone expresses the opposite of their true feelings as a way to defend against anxiety or discomfort. In this case, McKinley may have negative feelings towards Parker but is overcompensating by treating them excessively friendly.
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the speed of conduction of an action potential is determined by: (choose all that apply!)
The speed of conduction of an action potential is determined by several factors:
1. Axon diameter: Due to their lower impedance to the flow of electrical signals, larger axon diameters enable faster conduction.
2. Myelination: Saltatory conduction, which enables the action potential to "jump" between nodes of Ranvier, is a process in which myelinated axons convey information more quickly because of the insulating qualities of the myelin sheath.
3. Temperature: In general, higher temperatures speed up conduction by accelerating ion flow across voltage-gated channels.
Axon diameter, myelination, and temperature are the correct parameters that govern the speed of conduction of an action potential.
Action potential: A membrane's voltage varies rapidly in a series known as action potentials. The relative ratio of extracellular to intracellular ions and the permeability of each ion define the membrane voltage, or potential, at any given time.
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Why did so many die in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? a. Unsafe working conditions b. Racial violence c. Corrupt law enforcement d. Union protests
So many die in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire because of Unsafe working conditions. Thus, option (A) is correct.
On March 25, a Saturday afternoon, 600 workers were present at the plant when a fire broke out in a rag bin. The manager attempted to extinguish it with the fire hose, but was ineffective since the line had deteriorated and the valve had rusted shut. Panic arose as the fire spread.
The young workers attempted to evacuate the building via the lift, but it could only carry 12 people and the operator could only make four trips back and forth before it broke down in the midst of the heat and flames. The females left waiting for the lift rushed down the shaft to their deaths in a frantic bid to escape the fire.
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Worldwide, rates of alcohol consumption tend to be lowest in ____.
Worldwide, rates of alcohol consumption tend to be lowest in predominantly Muslim countries, where the religion prohibits the consumption of alcohol.
In nations with a large Muslim population, where drinking is forbidden by Islamic law, alcohol use tends to be the least. Some of the lowest alcohol consumption rates are seen in nations like Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Iran.
Additionally, alcohol use tends to be lower in other nations with strong cultural or religious traditions that forbid or discourage its use. These elements significantly influence how people use and misuse alcohol globally.
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Radial runout refers to variations in tire __________ .
Radial runout refers to variations in tire concentricity.
Radial runout refers to variations in tire roundness or shape. In simpler terms, it indicates the deviation in a tire's roundness while it rotates. This can impact the overall performance, wear, and ride comfort of a vehicle. The primary factors contributing to radial runout include manufacturing imperfections, improper mounting or balancing, and wear from regular use.
Addressing radial runout is crucial, as it can lead to vibrations while driving, uneven tire wear, and reduced handling capabilities. To minimize radial runout, it's essential to maintain proper tire inflation, regularly inspect and rotate tires, and promptly address any noticeable issues.
Balancing and aligning tires can also help to ensure optimal performance and longevity. In conclusion, radial runout is an important aspect of tire maintenance and directly affects vehicle performance, safety, and overall ride quality.
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Dennis is in the essay section of his test. For his thesis, he should restate the essay prompt.
true or false
The statement dennis is in the essay section of his test. For his thesis, he should restate the essay prompt is false because one sentence should be used for each thesis. Thesis statements are concise and provide the reader with precise information.
The sentence "In this essay, you will learn..." can be used to start a thesis statement. The final paragraph is frequently when thesis assertions are presented. You give a succinct introduction to your subject before expressing your point of view on it in one sentence, frequently and directly. The thesis statement summarizes the position you will take throughout the remainder of your paper. The essay's thesis sentence prepares the reader for what will follow.
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which type of consequence serves to motivate escape behavior and avoidance behavior? a. negative punishment b. negative reinforcement c. positive reinforcement d. positive punishment
Negative reinforcement serves to motivate escape behavior and avoidance behavior.
The promotion of particular actions by eliminating or avoiding a negative consequence or stimulation is known as negative reinforcement. This method is often used to teach children positive behavioral patterns, but it may also be used to educate animals and household pets.
The concept of reinforcement is central to operant conditioning. When actions are reinforced, they are more likely to repeat themselves. Operant conditioning states that behaviors won't repeat themselves if they are not rewarded. Negative reinforcement can easily be confused with a kind of punishment, but there is a crucial distinction between the two. They are polar opposites in a way. Negative reinforcement is used to support the behaviors that people intend to penalize in order to discourage.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
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the strange situation is an experimental method for measuring attachment that:
the strange situation is an experimental method for measuring attachment that involves observing a child's reactions in a series of predetermined situations. The goal is to measure the child's attachment style and identify any potential issues with their attachment to their caregiver.
Researchers use a variety of measures to evaluate the child's behavior and responses, including measuring their level of distress and the quality of their interactions with the caregiver. Overall, the strange situation is a valuable tool for researchers seeking to understand the dynamics of attachment and how it impacts child development.The Strange Situation is an experimental method for measuring attachment in children. It involves placing the child in a controlled situation with their caregiver and observing their behavior when the caregiver leaves and returns to the room. This method helps researchers understand the child's attachment style and the quality of their relationship with their caregiver.
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The next street is either Warner or Slater.The next street is Warner.Therefore, the next street is Slater.
The logic of the argument is flawed. The correct conclusion would be that the next street is Warner, not Slater based on the given information.
If the initial statement is that the next street is either Warner or Slater, and the following statement is that the next street is Warner, it does not necessarily follow that the next street must be Slater. This statement is based on reasoning. It is still possible for the next street to be Slater, but the given information does not confirm this. Based on the information provided, it seems that there might be a contradiction in the statements. Since it is mentioned that "The next street is Warner," as per logic it means that the next street is not Slater. Therefore, the next street is Warner, not Slater. It is basically a Disjunctive Syllogism. It is a logical argument of the form that if there are only two possibilities, and one of them is ruled out, then the other must take place.
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Question 64
A national performance standard has been developed by the a. National Sanitation Foundation (NSF)
b. National Safety Council
c. National Institutes of Health
d. American Biological Safety Association
The answer to question 64 is a. National Sanitation Foundation (NSF).
NSF protects and improves global human health. Manufacturers, regulators and consumers look to us to facilitate the development of public health standards and provide certifications that help protect food, water, consumer products and the environment.
NSF was founded in 1944 as the National Sanitation Foundation to help standardize sanitation and food safety at a time when the United States had no national sanitation standards. As NSF expanded services beyond sanitation and became a global public health and safety organization, we changed our name to NSF in 1990.
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The _______________ dimension encompasses an organization's relationships with other organizations involved in the design, development, deployment, delivery, support, and continual improvement of services.
The interorganizational dimension encompasses an organization's relationships with other organizations involved in the design, development, deployment, delivery, support, and continual improvement of services.
The interorganizational dimension refers to the complex network of relationships an organization has with other entities involved in its service delivery. This includes partners, suppliers, vendors, customers, and other stakeholders. The interorganizational dimension is critical for ensuring that services are designed, developed, and delivered in a coordinated and efficient manner. It also involves ongoing collaboration and communication to identify areas for improvement and address any issues that arise.
In short, the interorganizational dimension is essential for creating a seamless and effective service delivery ecosystem that benefits all parties involved.
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_________ involves subordinates simply following the directives of a superior without question. it demonstrates the influence that significant others can exert in the workplace.
This style of authoritarian leadership involves a strong emphasis on control and a lack of input or feedback from subordinates.
What do you mean by authoritarian leadership?It often demonstrates the influence that significant others, such as managers or supervisors, can have in the workplace. However, this style can also lead to a lack of creativity and innovation, as well as low employee morale and motivation.
A leadership style known as authoritarian leadership places a heavy emphasis on personal domination, strong central control and power over subordinates, and unwavering compliance.
Leaders behaviour that asserts absolute power and control over employees and [that] requires unquestioning loyalty from subordinates" is how an authoritative leadership style is defined. With such total control over the team, there is little room for individual initiative.
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On average, people with which Big Five personality trait tend to be the most satisfied at their job?extraversionneuroticismopenness to experienceconscientiousness
People with high levels of conscientiousness tend to be the most satisfied at their job.
This is because they are organized, dependable, and self-disciplined, which allows them to perform well and feel a sense of accomplishment. They also value achievement and strive to meet their goals, which can lead to greater job satisfaction.
Additionally, conscientious individuals tend to have better relationships with their colleagues and managers, which can also contribute to job satisfaction. However, it is important to note that job satisfaction is influenced by many factors and individual experiences may vary.
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Seeing society as a social creation rather than an objective reality is part of ____.
Seeing society as a social creation rather than an objective reality is part of social constructionism.
All meanings are socially constructed according to the philosophy of social constructivism. Social norms may feel natural because they are ingrained, but they are not. Instead, they are the creations of a particular society and do not represent reality as it is. His three basic ideas shared by social builders are that knowledge is socially constructed, language is an integral part of social construction, and knowledge construction is politically motivated.
According to social constructivism, people learn about the world in social settings, and much of what we see as reality is based on shared assumptions. Many things that we take for granted and consider to be part of our objective reality are in fact socially constructed and therefore as likely to change as society is. This is how social builders see the world.
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The Israeli government supports the Iran nuclear accord in its current form.A. TrueB. False
The given statement "The Israeli government supports the Iran nuclear accord in its current form" is False because The Israeli government has been a vociferous critic of the Iran nuclear deal. The correct option is "B".
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has termed the pact a "historic mistake" and warned that it does not go far enough to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons.
In May 2018, Israeli officials stated that intelligence evidence revealed that Iran had lied about its nuclear program, proving that the JCPOA was faulty. The Israeli government has frequently demanded that the pact be renegotiated or canceled outright.
The correct option is "B".
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The ghost then describes how he was killed. Give as much detail as you can.
The ghost describes how he was killed by revealing that he was betrayed by someone he trusted, which led to a tragic and untimely death.
The details surrounding the murder may involve poisoning or a surprise attack, heightening the sense of injustice the ghost feels. In this fashion, the ghost serves as a focal point for a number of the play's themes, including appearance vs reality, action and inaction, religion, honour, and retribution, as well as poison, death, and corruption. Case of the Hammersmith Ghost murder. When it came to the question of whether someone may be held accountable for their conduct even if they were the result of a false belief, the Hammersmith Ghost murder case from 1804 established a judicial precedent in the UK.
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what is participatory photography, used in media anthropology? select the best one: group of answer choices a. photography showing the values and beliefs of communities from the etic perspective. b. media produced outside the commercial mainstream. c. a participant-driven anthropological method that enables collaborating individuals other than the anthropologist to actively shape the direction of the research through the conscious creation of media. d. photography that brings networks of technology into existence.
Participatory photography, used in media anthropology is best described as option C: a participant-driven anthropological method that enables collaborating individuals other than the anthropologist to actively shape the direction of the research through the conscious creation of media.
In media anthropology, this approach emphasizes the importance of including diverse perspectives and experiences, acknowledging that anthropologists alone cannot fully capture the complexity of a community or culture. Participatory photography allows for a more collaborative and inclusive process, valuing the input of local participants and respecting their knowledge and expertise.
This method challenges traditional power dynamics in research, as it shifts the role of the anthropologist from the primary producer of knowledge to a facilitator or supporter of local voices. By encouraging the community to take ownership of their narratives, participatory photography fosters a more democratic and equitable research process.
In summary, participatory photography in media anthropology is an innovative and collaborative approach that prioritizes local voices and empowers community members to actively engage in shaping the research outcomes through the creation of visual media. Therefore, the correct option is C.
The question was incomplete, Find the full content below:
what is participatory photography, used in media anthropology? select the best one: group of answer choices
a. photography showing the values and beliefs of communities from the etic perspective.
b. media produced outside the commercial mainstream.
c. a participant-driven anthropological method that enables collaborating individuals other than the anthropologist to actively shape the direction of the research through the conscious creation of media.
d. photography that brings networks of technology into existence.
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Can You help me with this problem and check my answers
We can unscramble the words that appear in the attached picture by relying on our knowledge of the process it takes to have an amendment made to the Constitution.
amendmenttwenty-sevenratifyconventioncomplexproposalJames MadisonHow to amend the ConstitutionThe process of amending the Constitution in the United States is a lengthy process that requires approval from multiple branches of the government and a supermajority of states. The process to amend the Constitution is outlined in Article V of the Constitution and involves the following steps:
Proposal: An amendment can be proposed by either two-thirds of both the Senate and the House of Representatives, or by a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of state legislatures.Ratification: Once an amendment is proposed, it must be ratified by three-fourths of the states. Ratification can take place either through approval by the state legislatures or by a special ratifying convention held in each state.Certification: Once an amendment is ratified, the Archivist of the United States is responsible for certifying the amendment as a valid part of the Constitution.The difficulty in amending the Constitution was designed to ensure that changes to the fundamental document that governs the country are only made with widespread support and consensus. Since the Constitution was ratified in 1789, only 27 amendments have been added, with the most recent being added in 1992.
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Question 30
Regulations regarding automobile emission standards began with automobiles manufactured in:
a. 1958
b. 1963
c. 1968
d. 1973
The regulations regarding automobile emission standards began with automobiles manufactured in 1968. The US Congress passed the Clean Air Act of 1968, which established the first federal emission standards for automobiles. The correct option is C .
This act required all new passenger cars to meet certain emission standards for carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides, starting with the 1968 model year. Over the years, the standards have become more stringent, with further legislation, such as the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, which expanded the scope of the regulations and set more ambitious targets for reducing emissions.
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the expectations that americans have about what medical technology can do to cure illness are driven by which of the following? a.the cost of using technology b.the technological imperative c.cultural beliefs and values d.medical specialization
The expectations that Americans have regarding the ability of medical technology to cure illness are driven primarily by cultural beliefs and values, option (c) is correct.
American cultural beliefs place a high value on the use of technology to solve problems, and this extends to the field of medicine as well. Americans tend to believe that technology can provide quick and effective solutions to medical problems, and they expect healthcare providers to offer the latest and most advanced treatments available.
This cultural belief in technology as a solution is reinforced by the media, which often portrays medical technology as a miracle cure that can overcome even the most difficult health challenges, option (c) is correct.
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The complete question is:
The expectations that Americans have about what medical technology can do to cure illness are driven by which of the following?
a. the cost of using technology
b. the technological imperative
c. cultural beliefs and values
d. medical specialization
Which selection from the article is BEST illustrated by the graphic in the section "Ottoman art and science"?
*
The Ottomans absorbed learning from the Arab lands they had conquered, as scholars from places like Egypt, Syria and the Holy Land headed to Istanbul.
They traded with Italian city-states like Venice, and Asian nations. These roads also brought new ideas and culture.
Some of the most popular forms of art included calligraphy, painting, poetry and music. The Ottomans were also known throughout the world for their magnificent textiles, carpets and ceramics.
Ottoman architecture helped define the culture of the time. Soaring mosques and magnificent public buildings were constructed during this period.
The selection that is BEST illustrated by the graphic in the section "Ottoman art and science" is (d) Ottoman architecture helped define the culture of the time.
Which BEST illustrated by the graphic in the section "Ottoman art and science"?Soaring mosques and magnificent public buildings were constructed during this period. The graphic shows a picture of the Blue Mosque, which is an example of the Ottoman architecture that was prominent during the period.
The Blue Mosque, also known as the Sultan Ahmed Mosque, is a famous example of Ottoman architecture located in Istanbul, Turkey. It was built between 1609 and 1616 during the rule of Sultan Ahmed I and was designed by the architect S.e.d.e.f.k.a.r Mehmed Aga.
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What was the leading cause of the unprecedented increase in global population in the twentieth century?
The end of international epidemics
Global warming and other types of climate change
The impact of medical innovations and public health measures
The reduction of world hunger
The effect of medical innovations and public health policies was the primary reason of the remarkable increase in world population in the twentieth century.
Significant advances in medicine and public health measures occurred during the twentieth century, including the widespread use of antibiotics, improved sanitation and hygiene standards, and the invention of vaccines. These developments resulted in a considerable decrease in death rates, particularly in developing nations, resulting in a population boom.
Furthermore, there were major increases in agricultural output and food distribution, which helped to alleviate world hunger while simultaneously contributing to population growth. Medical advances and public health initiatives contributed to lower mortality rates and disease control, allowing people to live longer and better lives.
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kayla's grandparents emigrated from europe. kayla holds a strong belief that the people of her group and descent are superior to all others. she can accurately be described as a(n)
Kayla, whose grandparents emigrated from Europe, can accurately be described as a(n) ethnocentrist, as she holds a strong belief that the people of her group and descent are superior to all others.
The term "ethnocentrism" refers to the practise of using one's own culture or ethnicity as a frame of reference to assess other cultures, practises, behaviours, beliefs, and individuals rather than the norms of the specific culture in question. This practise is common in social science and anthropology as well as in everyday English speech. Since this assessment is frequently unfavourable, some people also use the term to refer to the idea that one's culture is superior to, or more right or normal than, all others—particularly with regard to the differences that characterise each ethnicity's cultural identity, such as language, behaviour, customs, and religion.
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