97.17 years will be required until the 90sr is reduced to 1.0 ppm
Calculation :
Radiactive decays are always follow first order kinetics .
[tex]t_{1/2}[/tex] = 28.8 yr
for first order reaction,
kt = ln([A]0/[A]t)
where k = rate constant
t = time
[A]0 =initial concentration
[A]t = concentration at time t
And half cycle [tex]t_{1/2}[/tex] = 0.693/k
28.8 yr = 0.693/k
k = 0.024yr⁻¹
[A]0 = 10.3 ppm
[A]t = 1.0 ppm
k*t = ln([A]0/[A]t)
t * 0.024 = ln(10.3/1.0)
t= 2.332/0.024
t = 97.17 yr
Half-life in radioactivity, the time interval required for half of the nuclei in a radioactive sample to decay (spontaneously transform into other types of nuclei by releasing particles and energy), or equivalently, the time required for decay times Every second of interval radioactivity ...
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Which of the following are the strongest molecular interactions?
-van der interactions
-ionic bonds
-Covalent bonds
-hydrogen bonds
Answer: Hydrogen Bonds!
Explanation: The strength or type of an intermolecular force can be determined by the electronegativity difference between the atoms. Hydrogen bonds are found within atoms that are highly electronegative. This means the difference is greater. This high difference leads to polarity and a stronger force.
give the structure of the principal organic product formed by the free-radical bromination of methylcyclopentane.
The major organic product formed by the free-radical bromination of methylcyclopentane is 1- Bromo, 1- methyl Cyclopentane .
What is free radicals ?
A specific class of unstable molecule produced throughout typical cell metabolism (chemical changes that take place in a cell). In cells, free radicals can accumulate and harm other molecules like proteins, lipids, and even DNA.
In the presence of sunlight, bromine produces a free radical, which it then absorbs to create the majority of the stable radical. Only the alkane's highest substituted carbon experiences bromination. A tertiary carbon makes an intermediate free radical the most stable. It will therefore be the main product.
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on the resonance hybrid for no−2, in between the nitrogen atom and each oxygen atom there is:
N-O bond as well as a double bond. The N atom possesses a positive charge and an unpaired electron. These are the two principal resonance sources of NO2.
Because each nitrogen atom requires three electrons to fill its outermost shell, nitrogen atoms will establish three covalent bonds (also known as triple covalent) between two nitrogen atoms. Methane (CH4) is another molecule that contains a nonpolar covalent link. There are two sigma bonds and one pair of unpaired electron in nitrogen dioxide. There are an octet of electrons in each of the two oxygen atoms. With the oxygen atom, the nitrogen atom's p orbital forms a pi connectio
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if the drug were supplied in 100 ml solution with a concentration of 10 mg/ml, at what rate in ml per hour would you infuse the solution for 15 min to obtain an infusion rate of 3.8 g/h?
The drug is in solution form with concentration 10 mg/ml. To obtain an infusion rate of 3.8 g/h it must be given at rate of 380 ml/h
The problem can be solved using unitary method. First, find the value of single unit, then multiply that to get the necessary value.
For example:
price of 10 apples is $5, then
price of 1 apple is $5/10 = $0.5
price of 6 apples = 6 x $0.5 = $3
In the given problem, concentration 10 mg/ml means:
10 mg solute in 1 ml solution, which means
1 mg solute in 1/10 ml solution
3.8 g = 3800 mg solute in 3800 x 1/10 = 380 ml solution
Therefore the infusion rate 3.8 g/h = 380 ml/h
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which element is oxidized in this reaction? zno+c→zn+co enter the chemical symbol of the element.
Therefore, in ZnO + C Zn + CO, Zinc is reduced and Carbon is oxidised as a result of the loss of electrons (due to gain in electrons). Zinc's oxidation state decreases from +2 to 0, indicating that it is becoming reduced.
The material is referred to be an oxidising agent when it reduces itself and oxidised other substances. The oxidising agent in this case is ZnO. Carbon's oxidation state electrons rises from 0 to +2. ZnO is reduced in the reaction because it reduces CO to Zn by giving up its oxygen. On the other hand, CO is getting oxidised since it is receiving oxygen and generating CO2.
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the initial concentration of reactant in a first-order reaction is 0.27 m and has a rate constant of 0.75 s-1. what is the concentration (mol/l) of reactant after 0.75 s?
After 0.75 s, the reactant's final concentration was 0.0672 mol/L.
Log [Initial concentration] = - rate constant time + log [Initial concentration] has been supplied as the rate reaction for the first-order reaction. [Last-ditch effort]
The reaction described has:
0.27 M for the first concentration
0.75 s/rate constant
Time = 0.75 s
One can provide the ultimate concentration by:
log [0.27] = - 0.75 *0.75 + log [Final concentration]
log [0.27]=-0.5625+log [Final concentration]
log [0.27] + 0.5625 = log [Final concentration]
log [Final Concentration]=1.31+0.5625
log [Final concentration] = 1.8725
Final concentration: 0.0672 mol/L
After 0.75s, the reactant's final concentration was 0.0672 mol/L.
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the reaction c6h12o6(s) + 6 o2(g) → 6 co2(g) + 6 h2o(l) is best classified as a(n)
The reaction [tex]C_{6} H_{12} O_{6} (aq) + 6O_{2} (g)[/tex] → [tex]6CO_{2} (g) + 6H_{2} O(l)[/tex] is best classified as an exothermic reaction.
Chemical reaction is a process in which the reactants react chemically and change into products through chemical transformation. For example, respiration - we breathe in oxygen, which reacts with glucose to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy.
A decomposition reaction breaks a molecule or compound into two or more simple new chemical substances. For example, the electrolysis of water. In a conjugation reaction, two or more molecules combine chemically to form a new substance (compound). Binding and decomposition reactions are opposites. For example, the combustion of a strip of magnesium (or magnesium) produces a gray-black ash consisting of magnesium oxide.
Combustion reactions are generally exothermic reactions that release energy in the form of heat. It's a reaction between a fuel and an oxidant (usually atmospheric oxygen) that usually produces smoke, water, and heat. In a neutralization reaction, acids and bases react to form salts and water. A chemical reaction in which oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously is called a redox reaction. Oxidation is the addition of oxygen and reduction is the addition of hydrogen (or removal of oxygen).
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2NaNO3 + PbO → Pb(NO3)2 + Na₂O What is the mole ratio between lead(II) oxide and lead(II) nitrate? ? mol PbO mol Pb(NO3)2 Fill in the green blank.
Answer: There is a 1:1 mole ratio between these two compounds.
Explanation:To determine the mole ratio between lead(II) oxide (PbO) and lead(II) nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) in the given chemical equation, you will need to balance the equation first. The balanced chemical equation is:
2NaNO3 + PbO → Pb(NO3)2 + Na2O
Once the equation is balanced, you can use the coefficients in front of each compound to determine the mole ratio. In this case, the coefficient for PbO is 1, and the coefficient for Pb(NO3)2 is 1, which means that there is a 1:1 mole ratio between these two compounds. This means that for every 1 mole of PbO, there is 1 mole of Pb(NO3)2 produced in the reaction.
It is important to note that the mole ratio is only a way to express the relative amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction, and does not necessarily reflect the actual amounts of the compounds involved. To determine the actual amounts of each compound, you will need to know the mass or volume of the compounds, as well as their respective densities or molar masses.
What’s a periodic table?
the periodic table is a tabular arrangement of chemical elements that is arranged by increasing atomic number and groups elements according to recurring properties. The seven rows of the periodic table are called " periods" and vertical columns called " groups"
How moles are present in 0.05g of sodium hydroxide the relative formula mass of sodium hydroxide is 40
The number of moles of sodium hydroxide in 0.05 grams can be calculated using the formula:
Number of moles = mass / molecular weight
The molecular weight of sodium hydroxide is 40 grams per mole, so the number of moles in 0.05 grams of sodium hydroxide is:
Number of moles = 0.05 grams / 40 grams/mol = 0.00125 moles
Thus, there are 0.00125 moles of sodium hydroxide in 0.05 grams of the substance. This is a very small amount, as one mole of any substance contains 6.022 x 10^23 atoms or molecules.
a chemist dissolves of pure sodium hydroxide in enough water to make up of solution. calculate the ph of the solution. (the temperature of the solution is .)
If a chemist dissolves 707.mg of pure sodium hydroxide in enough water to make up 100.mL of solution, then the pH of the solution will be 13.25.
What is sodium hydroxide?Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) has no odour. It is made of solid white crystals that absorb water from the air. Sodium hydroxide is a caustic substance. Sodium hydroxide can be hazardous to workers who come into contact with it. The level of harm is determined by the amount, duration, and activity. It can cause temporary hair loss as well as burns to the eyes, skin, and inner membranes.
Manufacturers may use sodium hydroxide to make soaps, rayon, paper, explosives, dyes, and petroleum products. Other uses for sodium hydroxide include cotton fabric processing, metal cleaning and processing, oxide coating, electroplating, and electrolytic extraction. It is commonly found in commercial drain and oven cleaners.
M = mass / molar mass × liters of solution
M = 0.707 g / 40.0 g/mol × 0.100 L
M = 0.177 M
NaOH → Na⁺ + OH⁻
Molar ratio of NaOH to OH⁻ is 1:1, Then, [OH⁻] = 0.177 M.
pOH = -log [OH⁻]
pOH = -log 0.177
pOH = 0.752
pH + pOH = 14.00
pH = 14 - pOH = 14.00 - 0.752
pH = 13.25
Therefore, pH level of the solution is 13.25
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A chemist prepares a 100-mL solution by dissolving 707.5 mg of pure sodium carbonate in water. The pH of the solution is 13.25.
What is the solution described?
Any combination of one or more solutes that have been dissolved in a solvent is referred to as the solution. To create a homogenous mixture, one solute must dissolve in a solvent. To create a homogenous mixture, a solute must dissolve in a solvent.
What is an example of a solution?
Examples of solutions include salt water, rubbing alcohol, and sugar that has been dissolved in water. When salt and water are combined, the salt particles become invisible when seen closely, proving that the mixture is homogeneous.
Briefing:
Step 1: Calculate the molarity of NaOH
M = mass of solute / molar mass of solute × liters of solution
M = 0.707 g / 40.0 g/mol × 0.100 L
M = 0.177 M
Step 2: Write the basic dissociation reaction
NaOH → Na⁺ + OH⁻
The molar ratio of NaOH to OH⁻ is 1:1, Then, [OH⁻] = 0.177 M.
Step 3: Calculate the pOH
pOH = -log [OH⁻]
pOH = -log 0.177
pOH = 0.752
Step 4: Calculate the pH
pH + pOH = 14.00
pH = 14 - pOH = 14.00 - 0.752
pH = 13.25
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Which color is the tube and stopper that is used to collect specimens for serum analysis?redgreenlavenderblue
tube is red color and stopper that is used to collect specimens for serum analysis.
For determining plasma or whole blood, use a green top tube with lithium or sodium heparin. EDTA tubes are available with a royal blue top, a tan top, a pink top (used for blood bank testing), or a lavender top (used for trace metal whole blood or plasma determinations). For the majority of blood chemistries, a red-stopper tube is utilised to take a blood sample.EDTA tubes are used for analysing serum which is aquired after clotting which gives the permission to remove blood cell.
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Which of the following is true concerning a galvanic cell? A) Oxidation occurs at the anode and is where anions move towards B) Oxidation occurs at the cathode and is where anions move towards C) Oxidation occurs at the anode and is where cations move towards D) Oxidation occurs at the cathode and is where cations move towards E) Reduction occurs at the anode and is where anions move towards
True statement of galvanic cell Option E) Reduction occurs at the anode and is where anions move towards.
There are constantly spontaneous oxidation-reduction events in galvanic cells. The electrons always travel from the anode to the cathode in any electrochemical cell.
Voltaic or galvanic cells are electrochemical devices that use spontaneous oxidation-reduction events to generate electricity. There are constantly spontaneous oxidation-reduction events in galvanic cells. The electrons always travel from the anode to the cathode in any electrochemical cell. Additionally, oxidation always occurs at the anode, while reduction always occurs at the cathode. The passage of electrons from the anode to the cathode is driven by the spontaneous nature of the reaction. Recall that reduction is the acquisition of electrons whereas oxidation is the loss of electrons. We always have an excess of electrons at the anode since oxidation takes place there, making it the negative electrode.
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Determine the empirical formula of a compound found to contain 76.4% mercury, 5.33% nitrogen, and 18.3% oxygen?
I understand that the ratio of the compound will be 1:1:3 (HgNO3), but do you need to balance the charges or leave it be?
The empirical formula of the compound can be determined using their number of moles. The mole ratio of the elements given is 1: 1: 3. Thus, its formula is HgNO₃.
What is empirical formula?The empirical formula of a compound is the formula derived from the number of moles of each element present in one mole of the compound. The number of moles can be calculated from their mass percents.
The mass percent of Hg is 76.4 %. that is 76.4 g in 100 g of the compound.
atomic mass of Hg = 200 g/mol.
number of moles in 76.4 g = 76.4 /200 = 0.38.
mass of nitrogen = 14 g/mol
number of moles in 5.33 g = 5.33 /14 = 0.38.
mass of oxygen = 16 g/mol.
number of moles in 18.3 g = 18.3 / 16 = 1.14.
Thus, their ratio of Hg, N and O is in 0.38 : 0.38 : 1.14. Convert this whole number ratio by dividing through out by the smallest number 0.38. So we arrive at the molar ratio of 1 : 1: 3.
Now, we don't have to balance anywhere and directly put these numbers into the formula and we get, HgNO₃.
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how does the density of air in a deep mine compare with the density of air at earth's surface?
The density of air in a deep mine is greater compared with the density of air at the earth's surface.
The pressure exerted on a surface that is perpendicular to all directions and is caused by the weight of the air is referred to as atmospheric pressure. Additionally, as altitude increases, the pressure caused by air reduces because there is less air above an elevated position. This is because there is less air above an elevated place. In addition, the air is thinner at higher elevations because less dense gases can be found there since they float over denser gases. This causes the air to be thinner at higher elevations.
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In a particular solution, the concentration of several ions is measured. The solution is found to have a high concentration of
Hydronium ions (H3O*), and a low concentration of Hydroxyl (OH) ions. The pH of the solution is most likely which of the
following?
02
07
08
O12
Answer:
02
Explanation:
Hydronium is acidic, so the PH would have to be acidic
during an experiment, 15 g of n2 was reacted with excess h2 gas. the mass of nh3 produced was 14 g. calculate the percent yield.
The percentage yield is 77% when 15 g of N2 gas was reacted with excess H2 gas to produce Ammonia of mass 14g.
By Haber's process nitrogen and hydrogen combine to form Ammonia. The Haber Process goes on to explain the reasons for the conditions used in the process. The process combines nitrogen from the air with hydrogen derived mainly from natural gas into ammonia. The reaction is reversible and the production of ammonia is exothermic. Balanced equation for the reaction is,
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
1mol N2 will produce 2mol NH3
Molar mass N2 = 28g/mole
Molar mass NH3 = 17g/mole
28g N2 will produce 2*17 = 34g NH3
15g N2 will produce 15g/28g * 34gNH3
Mass of NH3 produced = 18.21 g NH3
It is necessary to determine how much of the product should be formed based on stoichiometry. This is called the theoretical yield. It is the maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reactants. The percent yield is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage:
Percent Yield=Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield × 100%
If actual production = 14g NH3 , % yield = 14g NH3 / 18.21 g NH3 * 100 =76.88%
= 77 %
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Balance the following equations.
a. _CH4 + _O2 → _CO2 + _H2O
b. _Zn + _HCl → _ZnCl2 + _H2
c. _H2SO4 + _HI → _H2S + _I2 + _H2O
d. _NaCl + _SO2 + _H2O + _O2 → _Na2SO4 + _HCl
Answer:
a. CH4+202→CO2+2H2O
b.Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2
c.H2SO4+8HI→H2S+4I2+4H2O
d.4NaCl+2SO2+2H2O+O2→2Na2SO4+4HCl
what volume (ml) of 0.1750 m naoh (aq) is needed to react completely with 25.00 ml of 0.1150 m h2so4 (aq).
The volume (ml) of 0.1750 m naoh (aq) is needed to react completely with 25.00 ml of 0.1150 m h2so4 (aq). is 31.08ml.
Calculation:-
M₁ v₁ n+₁ = M₂ V₂ n+₂
0.1850 x v₁ X₁ = 0.1150 x 25X²
V₁ = 0.1150 × 25 x 2/ 0.1850
= 31.081 ml
Volume is defined as the space occupied within the bounds of an object in three-dimensional space. Also called the capacity of the object. Volume is a measure of her occupied three-dimensional space. Often quantified numerically using SI units or by various imperial or US customary units. The definition of length is related to volume. quantified numerically using SI units or by various imperial spaces.
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The area of an object is calculated from experimental data to be 24.6623 cm2. The ± absolute error in the area was determined to be ± 0.6 cm2. The area should be reported, in cm 2 , as A. 25 B. 24.7 C. 24.66 D. 24.6623 E. 24.662
we should take out from point
you combine 5.00 ml 0.206 m ca(no3)2 and 2.00 ml 0.811 m hcl. what is the molar concentration of hcl in the mixture
0.2 moles is the molar concentration of the HCL in the mixture. you combine 5.00 ml 0.206 m ca(no3)2 and 2.00 ml 0.811 m hcl.
Molarity of Ca(No3)2 = 0.26M
volume of the Ca(N03)2 = 5 ml
molarity of HCL = 0.811M
Volume of HCL = 2 ml
after mixing ,
the molar concentration of HCL =Mhcl×Vhcl÷Vhcl×Vca(No3)2
= 0.8× 2/2+5
= 0.2 moles
the molar concentration of the HCL in the mixture is 0.2 moles.In terms of the amount of material per unit volume of solution, molar concentration is a measurement of the concentration of a chemical species, specifically a solute in a solution. The most frequent measure of molarity in chemistry is the number of moles per litre, denoted by the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI units.
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a current of 3.37 a is passed through a ni(no3)2 solution for 1.50 h . how much nickel is plated out of the solution?
a current of 3.37 a is passed through a ni(no3)2 solution for 1.50 h . nickel is plated out of the solution is 5.5341 grams
W=E×c×t/F......(1)
where:
W=Mass (in g ) of an ion discharged at any electrode
E=Equivalent mass of that ion.
c = Current Passed in Ampere
t= time (in sec) during which electricity is passed.
F= 1 faraday = 96500C.
E= molar mass/ valency
=58.693/2
=29.3465
C= 3.37A
t= 1.50*60*60
F=96500
nickel is plated out of the solution is 5.5341 grams
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what would happen if you used equal masses of all the compounds? for example, 2.00 g as opposed to equal moles of each compound?
a. equal masses would produce different amounts of CO2
b. equal masses would produce the same amount of CO2
c. equal masses would show extreme variation and be difficult to measure in the lab
option c - equal masses would show extreme variation and be difficult to measure in the lab if you used equal masses of all the compounds.
Equal masses would imply a different number of moles. And reactions are molecular in nature. A reaction between 1 mole of A and 1 mole of B, for example, produces 1 mole of C. However, because their molar masses are likely to differ, we cannot apply the same mass formula and expect the same result. Consider the reaction HCl + NaOH, which produces NaCl + H2O. This reaction demonstrates that 1 mole of hydrochloric acid and 1 mole of NaOH produces 1 mole of NaCl and 1 mole of water. However, the reaction is very different in terms of mass because each of the reactants has a different molar mass.
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classify these amino acids as acidic, basic, neutral polar, or neutral nonpolar. - acidic: NONE
- basic: lysine
- neutral polar: serine
- neutral nonpolar: phenylalanine, proline, methionine
Answer:
Explanation:
Correct
Which choice is not true of a liquid in a glass capillary with a convex meniscus?The liquid has strong cohesive forces.The liquid level will be lower inside the capillary when a capillary is inserted into a bowl of the liquid.The liquid will have a convex meniscus as it moves in the capillary.The behavior of the liquid is driven by strong interactions with the capillary glass.
The decision is not valid for a fluid in what seems like a glass capillary with the a convex meniscus since the liquid's behavior is strongly influenced by its interactions with the glass.
A glass capillary is what?Glass capillaries have external sizes that range greatly, from 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm. For the purpose of gathering x-ray data, they are designed to mount, maintain, and retain biological polymeric crystals as well as small molecules. Capillaries can be used for both research on crystal development and measures of crystal thickness.
What uses do glass capillary tubes have?Glass capillary tubes are used to collect blood in a variety of healthcare settings, including clinics, personal hospices, physicians' offices, blood donation centers, and blood testing facilities.
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chemicals such as ozone or sulfate/nitrate, which are transformed in the presence of sunlight, water, oxygen or other compounds are known as:
Chemical such as Ozone or sulfate/nitrate which are transformed in the presence of Sunlight water oxygen or other compound are known as secondary pollutants.
Pollutants are the particle that contaminates the environment in a negative manner.
The chemicals which are not produce directly as a pollutant but are transformed in the presence of Sunlight water oxygen and other compound are known as secondary pollutants.
chemicals like Ozone, sulfate/nitrate are called secondary because they are not present directly as a pollutant but there converted into pollutant because of the certain conditions.
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a solution contains 0.1m f-(aq), cl-(aq), and br-(aq). lead (ii) ion is added to the solution. what is the maximum concentration of lead (ii) ion that will allow only one precipitate to form? [the ksp of pbf2 is 4.1 x 10-8; of pbcl2 is 2.4 x 10-4; and of pbbr2 is 2.1 x 10-6.]
The maximum concentration of lead (II) ion that will allow only one precipitate to form in a solution containing 0.1m of F-, Cl-, and Br- is 4.1 x 10-8M. At this concentration, only the lead-fluoride compound (PbF2) will form a precipitate.
Lead (II) ion is a metal cation that can form multiple compounds with anions such as fluoride (F-), chloride (Cl-), and bromide (Br-). If lead (II) ion is added to a solution containing 0.1m of each of F-, Cl-, and Br-, the maximum concentration of lead (II) ion that will allow only one precipitate to form will depend on the solubility product (Ksp) of the various lead compounds that may form.
The Ksp of the lead-fluoride compound (PbF2) is 4.1 x 10-8, the Ksp of the lead-chloride compound (PbCl2) is 2.4 x 10-4, and the Ksp of the lead-bromide compound (PbBr2) is 2.1 x 10-6. To determine the maximum concentration of lead (II) ion that will allow only one precipitate to form, we need to compare the Ksp values of the three lead compounds.
Since the Ksp of PbF2 is significantly lower than the Ksp of PbCl2 and PbBr2, the maximum concentration of lead (II) ion that will allow only one precipitate to form will be the Ksp of PbF2, or 4.1 x 10-8M. At this concentration of lead (II) ion, the PbF2 compound will be the first to form a precipitate, whilst the PbCl2 and PbBr2 compounds will remain in solution.
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the molecule has the empirical formula of c3h4o2 the molectular massis 144g/mol the molecular formula for this molecule is
The molecular formula of this molecule is found to be C₆H₈O₄
The empirical formula of the molecule is given to be C₃H₄O₂.
The molar mass of the molecule is given to be 144g/mol.
We know,
n(C₃H₄O₂) = Molecular formula of the molecule.
The value of n can be found as,
n = Molecular mass/Empirical formula mass.
The molar mass of carbon is 12g/mol.
The molar mass of hydrogen is 1g/mlol.
The molar mass of oxygen is 16g/mol.
So, the empirical formula mass of C₃H₄O₂ will be,
= 3 x 12 + 4 x 1 + 2 x 16
= 36 + 4 + 32
= 72 g/mol.
Now, the value of n = 144/72
n = 2.
So, the molecular formula of the molecule is,
= 2(C₃H₄O₂)
= C₆H₈O₄.
The molecular formula of the molecule is C₆H₈O₄.
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Which type of bond will most likely be found in hbr given that the electronegativity of hydrogen is 2.20 and the electronegativity of bromine is 2.96?
The bond in HBr is likely to be a non-polar covalent bond.
The inorganic substance with the formula HBr is hydrogen bromide. It is a hydrogen halide made up of both bromine and hydrogen. It is a colorless gas that, when dissolved in water, produces hydrobromic acid, which, at room temperature, is saturated with 68.85% HBr by weight.
Hydrogen bromide (HBr) is a covalent compound, which means it is formed by the sharing of electrons between the hydrogen and bromine atoms. In a covalent bond, the electrons are shared equally between the atoms, and the bond is typically non-polar. The difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and bromine is 0.76, which is less than the typical threshold of 1.7 for a polar covalent bond. Therefore, the bond in HBr is likely to be a non-polar covalent bond.
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The bond in HBr is likely to be a non-polar covalent bond.
The inorganic substance with the formula HBr is hydrogen bromide. It is a hydrogen halide made up of both bromine and hydrogen. It is a colorless gas that, when dissolved in water, produces hydrobromic acid, which, at room temperature, is saturated with 68.85% HBr by weight.
Hydrogen bromide (HBr) is a covalent compound, which means it is formed by the sharing of electrons between the hydrogen and bromine atoms. In a covalent bond, the electrons are shared equally between the atoms, and the bond is typically non-polar. The difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and bromine is 0.76, which is less than the typical threshold of 1.7 for a polar covalent bond. Therefore, the bond in HBr is likely to be a non-polar covalent bond.
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4. describe how the antibiotic chemical gets from the disk into the agar. name the process and tell how that process works.
The process of which antibiotics get from the disk into the agar is called diffusion. Diffusion is the process of molecules moving from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
In the case of antibiotic disks on agar, the antibiotic molecules on the disk move outwards and into the surrounding agar. Diffusion works by allowing the molecules to move randomly in all directions until they reach an area of lower concentration. The molecules will continue to move until they reach a state of equilibrium, meaning that the molecules are evenly spread across the agar. This process is known as Brownian Motion.
When the antibiotic molecules diffuse into the agar, they are able to interact with the bacterial cells in the agar. If the antibiotic molecules can bind to molecules on the cell surface of the bacteria, then they can prevent the bacteria from functioning properly. This leads to the death of the bacteria, and the resulting zone of inhibition can be seen as a clear area around the disk.
Learn more about Brownian Motion at : https://brainly.com/question/28441932
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