The single most important factor in pulling water towards the top of a tall tree is the evaporation of water through the stomata.
Xylem vessels are vessels that transport water from the roots of the plant to the leaves to be used for photosynthesis. The process is somewhat easier for short plants and shrubs as their leaves are close to the ground and the water doesn't need to travel very far to reach the leaves. For tall plants however, it's quite different.
The cohesive and adhesive properties of water enable tall plants to pull water from their roots. adhesion makes water molecules stick to the walls of the xylem vessel, and cohesion makes water molecules stick together. A combination of the two brings about capillary action, which accounts for the movement of water up xylem cells. However, this is not the most important factor.
Capillary action alone can only pull water about halfway through the xylem of tall trees before coming under the influence of gravity. When water evaporates from the stomata in the leaves, it creates a kind of vacuum in the xylem. This effect pulls water from the roots all the way to the leaves, hence, the important factor in pulling water towards the top of a tall tree is the evaporation of water through the stomata.
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To which part of the centromere do mitotic spindle fibers attach during prometaphase?.
The kinetochore is the part of the centromere do mitotic spindle fibers attach during prometaphase.
How is the classification of chromosomes based on the location of the centromere?
Based on where the centromere is located, there are four different types of chromosomes.
Chromosomes with a centromere in the middle are referred to as metacentric chromosomes because they are divided into two equal arms.Sub-metacentric chromosome: A sub-metacentric chromosome is one in which the centromere is positioned somewhat outside of the middle region. Here, one arm is just a little bit longer than the other.Acrocentric chromosome: An acrocentric chromosome is one in which the centromere is found close to one of the terminal ends. One arm is incredibly long and the other is incredibly short in thisA chromosome is referred to as telocentric if its centromere is found at one of the terminal ends.What do centromeres do? Describe them in writing.Listed below are the functions of the centromere:
A chromatid is split into two arms by a region known as the centromere. The kinetochore is situated around the location of the duplicated chromosome in order to connect to the spindle fibers' microtubules. It facilitates correct chromosomal segregation.
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Name the process by which soluble food enters the blood, diffusion, fermentation or transpiration?
Answer:
It is called absorption. Digested food enters the blood or lymph through the small intestine wall by diffusion or active transport
Answer:
Diffusion
Explanation:
Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. It can occur all over the body including the large intestine when food enters to blood stream and in the alveoli in the lungs where gases diffuse into the blood stream. Hope this helps :)
control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells occurs at which level(s)? only the transcriptional level epigenetic and transcriptional levels epigenetic, transcriptional, and translational levels epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels
In eukaryotic cells, gene expression is under the control of Option D epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels.
While genetic alterations can affect which proteins are produced, epigenetic changes impact gene expression and can "turn on" and "turn off" genes. The relationship between your genetic, actions, and environment is simple to understand since your environment and habits, such nutrition and exercise, can cause changes in your epigenome. Epigenetic mechanisms are molecular processes that control how an organism's genome is regulated by its environment. The genetic information is transferred from the archival copy of DNA to short-lived messenger RNA during transcription, translation, and subsequent protein modification, which typically results in the synthesis of protein. Despite the fact that all cells in an organism have fundamentally the same DNA, different cell types and functions result from qualitative and quantitative variations in gene expression as well as control of gene expression.
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what it means that
spongy bone
consists of
bony spikes?
Answer:
Spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, contains osteocytes housed in lacunae, but they are not arranged in concentric circles. Instead, the lacunae and osteocytes are found in a lattice-like network of matrix spikes called trabeculae
A good team member will actively listen, which means they will ______. a. listen while looking at the notes they are taking b. constantly look for new things to listen to c. use body language to understand how a speaker feels d. listen to multiple people all at once please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
A good team member will actively listen, which means using body language to understand how the speaker is feeling.
What is Active listening?Active listening is a skill that can be learned with consistent practice. In active listening, a person employs all of his or her senses. The person responds to the speaker through verbal and nonverbal means (such as nodding and maintaining eye contact), encouraging the speaker to continue speaking. Positive feedback in the form of body language makes the speaker feel more at ease, allowing him to speak more comfortably and honestly.
As a result, option C) use body language to understand how a speaker feels is the correct answer.
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Answer:
Use body language to understand how a speaker feels
Edge 2023-2024
Paul has brown eyes, a dominant trait, and his wife Emily has blue e trait. Paul and Emily's daughter has blue eyes. How is this possible?
Answer:
Answer down below!
Explanation:
Even though technically, brown eyes are indeed the dominant trait, every once in a while, recessive traits can slip in. So even if there is a dominant gene, it's not always the case that dominant genes can always be the case. That is also how evolutions start when one recessive trait is shown, and it proves to be useful.
g mycobacterium tuberculosis are grown for 80 hours. during that time, they go through four generations of growth. what is the generation time?
The generation time is 20 hours in mycobacterium tuberculosis are grown for 80 hours. during that time, they go through four generations of growth.
The bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the one that causes tuberculosis (TB). However, TB bacteria can target any region of the body, including the kidney, spine, and brain. The bacteria typically assault the lungs. A TB bacteria infection does not always result in illness. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and TB illness are as a result two TB-related disorders. TB infection can be lethal if not adequately treated.
Acute or chronic bacterial infections are most frequently detected in the lungs and are known as tuberculosis (TB). Like a cold, TB is spread mostly through airborne droplets that an infected person breathes out into the environment. The bacteria produces tubercles, which are little tissue lumps. These tubercles in the lungs restrict breathing and cause sputum to be spat up. If untreated, tuberculosis (TB) may come back after extended periods of inactivity (latency). There are numerous types of tuberculosis, and they can be identified by the body part afflicted, the severity of the condition, and the community they affect. Today, it is believed that this disease is both treatable and avoidable. It is quite uncommon in the US, although it is growing.
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Of the 6 carbons in a starting molecule of glucose, at the completion of pyruvate oxidation _____ carbons are fully oxidized to _____, while _____ carbons remain in _____.
Answer:
2 carbons; to CO2; 4 carbons; acetyl groups
Explanation:
An air ______ is a large body of air with relatively uniform temperature and moisture.
An air mass is a large body of air with relatively uniform temperature and moisture.
A huge body of air with a largely constant temperature and humidity is referred to as an air mass. An air mass's properties are determined by the region from which it originates. The likelihood that the air mass will take on characteristics of the surface below increases with the amount of time it spends over its source region. Air masses are hence related to high-pressure systems.
Based on the moisture content, air masses can be divided into two major categories. Therefore, dry air masses that originate over continents are those denoted by the lowercase letter "c." Maritime air masses, denoted by the letter "m," are moist air masses since they originate over the oceans.
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In which two ways do plant cells use the sugar made in photosynthesis ?
• to produce phosphate groups
• to store inorganic matter
• to supply the plant with energy for life
• to make other types of organic molecules
Answer:
3 and 4
Explanation:
Sugar made from photosynthesis is broken down to release energy needed for life.
and the sugar can also be used to make other organic molecules such as cellulose.
carrying capacity is the maximum population of a given species that a particular can sustain indefinitely. group of answer choices lifetime planet continent habitat country
Carrying capacity is the maximum population of a given species that a particular habitat can sustain indefinitely (option D).
What is carrying capacity?Carrying capacity is the number of individuals of a particular species that an environment can support.
The carrying capacity is pivotal to a population as it determines the survival of species in that population. A species population size is limited by environmental factors such as adequate food, shelter, water, and mates.
Carrying capacity of an ecosystem is the largest population that it can sustain indefinitely with the available resources, also called the “maximum load” by population biologists.
Therefore, the maximum population sustainable by a habitat is the carrying capacity.
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Smooth muscle forms rings called ___________ that are usually contracted but relax periodically to allow substances to pass through them.
Answer:
sphincters
Explanation:
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Predict the outcome when two elements are chemically combined?
When two elements are chemically combined a compound is formed.
A compound is a substance formed when two or greater chemical elements are chemically bonded collectively. Two varieties of chemical bonds not unusual in compounds are covalent and ionic bonds.
A compound is a substance that incorporates two or extra factors chemically blended in a set share. The elements carbon and hydrogen integrate to form many special compounds.
While two or extra elements combine to form a new substance, it is called a compound. There are numerous distinctive types of compounds, because atoms of elements integrate in many special methods to shape unique compounds. Examples encompass water (H2O) and table salt (NaCl). The smallest a part of a compound is a molecule.
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Could someone explain to me why people test for macromolecules in labs at school? Also, I can't find any background information on the lab, where we tested for macromolecules in stomach acid. Could anyone help find any information on the background of this lab?
Thanks in advance to anyone that helps! :)
Students perform tests of macromolecules in a laboratory to test whether lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins are present in various foods.
What are macromolecules?A macromolecule is defined as a very large molecule that is important to various processes like protein or nucleic acid. It is made up of covalently bonded atoms. Many macromolecules are polymers of smaller molecules which are called monomers. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are the four main types of a macromolecule which are necessary for normal function as well as the survival of our body. We can use indicators to test the presence of macromolecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins in many foods in laboratory. We will be testing for the presence of carbohydrates such as glucose, and sucrose as well as complex carbohydrates such as starch and proteins.
So we can conclude that we can test macromolecules in labs at school to check the presence of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins in various food items.
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Describe how a decrease in populations in populations of socondary consumers in an ecosystem would impact both the primary consumer level and h primary producer level
A deceease in the secondary consumers in an ecosystem can impact both primary consumers and primary peoducers. The reason why it impacts primary consumers is because they no longer are pret causing them to over populate. The over population of the primary consumers impacts the primary consumers because now there are too many primary consumers that need food. Eventually the primary producers will become exctinct due to the primary consumers eating the primary producers. When the primary producers die out so will the primary consumers, for their food source is gone.
A decrease in populations of secondary consumers in an ecosystem can have significant impacts on both the primary consumer level and the primary producer level.
What are the negative effects caused due to increase in herbivores?At the primary consumer level, the number of secondary consumers decreases which increases the number of primary consumers, as there are fewer predators to consume them.
This can put additional pressure on the primary producers because of the presence of more herbivores competing for limited resources. The increase in herbivores results in the depletion of plant populations, which can have negative effects on the entire ecosystem.
At the primary producer level, the decrease in populations of secondary consumers also decreases the number of predators, that allow herbivores to reproduce rapidly putting additional pressure on the primary producers.
Therefore, the decrease in populations of secondary consumers can alter the balance between predator and prey populations thereby disrupting the relationships between different trophic levels.
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Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
What type of succession replaces a small number of species at a time, and thus does not causes a large-scale disturbance in a given community?
_____________ succession replaces a small number of species at a time, and thus does not cause a large-scale disturbance in a given community.
Answer:
Explanation: The opening line, "One dollar and eight-seven cents" (in 1905) is equivalent to how much in today's dollars? Why is this amount both important and unimportant in the story?
Answer: The answer is cyclic
Explanation: just took the test
What cellular process does a mitochondrion perform for the cell?
A. The synthesis of carbohydrates and lipids
B. The division of nucleic acid in replication
C.
The release of energy for metabolic activity
D. The sorting and packaging of proteins
Answer:
C. The release of energy for metabolic activity
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19. What is the purpose of taxonomic systems?
a. To provide descriptive latin names
b. To maintain a small number of taxa
c. To construct a family tree that predicts how many species may be discovered into the future
d. To provide consistent ways to identify and classify organisms as they are being studied
Answer: d. To provide consistent ways to identify and classify organisms as they are being studied
Explanation:
Taxonomy is a process that describes and helps identify different living organisms. The process involves classification, identification, nomenclature.
3. Which of the following is NOT a cause of genetic mutations?
a. Random events
b. Nature
c. Environmental factors
d. Chromosomes
Answer:
I'd assume nature isn't a cause of genetic mutations
Explanation:
What are non- living factors of the environment called?
Answer:
Answer down below!
Explanation:
They are called abiotic factors and these factors are indeed, non-living factors in a given ecosystem. They include things such as light, water, or temperature since they do affect animals living in an ecosystem.
What is the smallest number of molecules of atp and gtp consumed in the synthesis of a protein with 200 residues after mrna synthesis, starting from amino acids? assume that the hydrolysis of ppi is equivalent to the hydrolysis of atp for this calculation.
The smallest number of molecules are 200 ATP and 400 GTP consumed in the synthesis of a protein with 200 residues after mrna synthesis.
What is mrna synthesis and what is ATP and how many ATP and GTP are consumed?mRNA is one of the RNA of ribosomal, manufacture, and transfer RNA synthesized in nucleus using the nucleotide sequence of DNA as template.ATP is adenosine triphosphate used as energy molecules to process the needed function of human and plant body.In here is asked the smallest number of molecules of ATP and GTP consumed in the synthesis of a protein with 200 residues after mRNA synthesis.The answer would be 200 molecules of ATP and 400 molecules of GTP consumed to synthesize protein.To know more about mRNA visit :
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Does the temperature increase or decrease with altitude in the stratosphere? What
causes this change in temperature?
Answer:
In this region the temperature increases with height. Heat is produced in the process of the formation of Ozone and this heat is responsible for temperature increases from an average -60°F (-51°C) at tropopause to a maximum of about 5°F (-15°C) at the top of the stratosphere.
Explanation:
What does cytoplasm represent in a zoo/what is the function of cytoplasm in a plant cell
1. Using the Universal Genetic Code Chart, fill in the missing amino acids in the amino acid
sequence for species A in the chart on the next page.
2. Using the Information given, fill in the missing mRNA bases in the mRNA strand for species
B In the chart on the next page.
The so-called "universal" or "standard genetic code," as we all learnt in high school, is a set of guidelines that specify the relationship between the "20" amino acids and the "bases" (codons) found within mRNA.
How many different amino acids are there in the human genome?There are 20 frequent amino acids in the human genetic code. Additionally, the codons UGA and UAG, which are often used as stop signals, are used to encode selenocysteine (Sec) и pyrrolysine (Pyl), the twenty-first and twenty-second amino acids, respectively.
Is there a common genetic information for amino acids?Except for a few prokaryotes, cells with mitochondria, and chloroplasts, every organism, including viruses, bacteria, and humans, has the same genetic code. The dining room table .
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Which statement correctly pairs the organelle with its function?
O The vacuole stores genetic information
O The chloroplast synthesizes proteins from amino acids
The nucleus absorbs the sun's energy for photosynthesis
O The plasma membrane controls the flow of materials into the cell
Answer:
O The plasma membrane controls the flow of materials into the cell
Explanation:
s 24795 limits beta-amyloid-alpha7 nicotinic receptor interaction and reduces alzheimer's disease-like pathologies. biol psychiatry. 2010 mar 15;67(6):522-30.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) plaque and neurofibrillary pathogenesis are made possible by beta-amyloid (Abeta). By interacting with alpha7 nicotinic receptors, soluble Abeta stimulates the formation of intraneuronal Abeta aggregates and the phosphorylation of tau (alpha7nAChRs).
In vitro reincubation with S 24795 decreases the interaction between Abeta(42) and alpha7nAChR as well as beta-amyloid (Abeta) (42)-induced tau phosphorylation. S 24795 lessens Abeta(42)-alpha7nAChR association and Abeta(42) immunostaining in organotypic brain slice cultures and in an in vivo Abeta(42) injection model.
S 24795 also normalizes Ca(2+) fluxes through alpha7nAChR and NMDAR channels in organotypic cortical slices and mice brains that have been exposed to beta-amyloid (Abeta)(42) or infused with it. Galantamine and memantine have a minor impact on the Abeta(42)-alpha7nAChR coupling and Abeta(42)-mediated reduction of alpha7nAChR- and NMDAR-mediated Ca(2+) influx, in contrast to S 24795 and Abeta(12-28).
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a hypothetical symport facilitates the transfer of cl- and k into the cell. given that the cell membrane potential is -0.055 v (neg charge on inside), the temperature is 300k, and the concentrations of the cl- inside the cell is 10 mm and outside is 100 mm and the concentration of k inside is 110 mm and outside the cell is 4 mm, what is the energy associated with this movement?
Additionally, K+ is a positively charged ion with a concentration of 120 mM inside the cell, 4 mM outside the cell, and an equilibrium potential of -90 mV. This means that K+ will be in electrochemical equilibrium when the cell is 90 mV negative of the extracellular environment.
What happens if the K+ content in extracellular space rises?It is widely known that increased extracellular potassium ion concentrations ([K+]o), which frequently accompany conditions like ischemia and hyperkalemia in the heart, alter the resting transmembrane potential and the excitability of cardiac tissue.
Increased extracellular potassium depolarizes neurons because the resting neuronal membrane is extremely permeable to K+ and the membrane potential is sensitive to variations in the extracellular potassium concentration.
The duration of Purkinje and ventricular action potentials is lengthened when extracellular K concentration is reduced below approximately 3.0 mM, and diastolic depolarization in the Purkinje fiber is enhanced (9,10,12,13).
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he diagram below shows the stages of succession in a forest ecosystem.
A diagram showing 4 stages of succession in a forest ecosystem. Stage A: A mature forest. A fire occurs, resulting in Stage B, a burnt forest where nothing is growing. Stage C, pioneer plant species grow in the bare ground. More species follow and grow bigger. Stage D: A mature forest with several tree species and younger trees.
Which area shows the climax community of secondary succession?
A
B
C
D
Answer:
d
Explanation:
If you mutated the laci gene resulting in a mutant lac repressor protein that could bind to the lac operator but not to allolactose, what would be the consequence for transcription of the lac operon?.
An uninducible phenotype would come from a "down" mutation, which would preclude expression even when the de-repressed condition (when the inducer is present).
What would happen to the lac operon's transcription?The lac repressor is a lactose sensor. When the presence of lactose the repressor's ability to prevent transcription of a operon in its normal state is lost. The repressor protein recognizes galactose by means of its enantiomers allolactose. A glucose sensor is the proteins catabolite activator (CAP).
What exactly are translation and transcription?Transcription and translation are indeed the processes through which DNA is converted into RNA and utilized to make proteins, respectively.
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What procedure can a medical doctor do to correct an injury to the left pulmunary artery
Answer:
Surgical repair of the branch pulmonary arteries is a common procedure in congenital heart disease surgery and is often performed as part of a complex reintervention