Question 9
What water constituent has been associated with staining plumbing and clothing dark brown or black?
a. Zn
b. Mn
c. Ag
d. Ca

Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatographic technique which is used to separate the components of a mixture using a stationary phase and a mobile phase.

In TLC, the plate is spotted at a point above the solvent front and the solvent moves up the plate by capillary action leading to the separation of the various components of the mixture spotted on the plate.

However, if the TLC plate is allowed to remain in the developing chamber for too long such that the solvent front reaches the top of the plate, the components of the mixture will recombine at the top of the plate and cancel out any separation which may have occurred on the plate.

To know more about TLC here

https://brainly.com/question/28814348

#SPJ4

Answer:

When we burn fuels, it begins a process called combustion. Combustion is where you burn a fuel in the presence of an oxidant like oxygen. Heat is produced, because the bonds in the fuel store more energy than the bonds in the water and carbon dioxide that are the products of combustion.

Hope it helped! :)

The total surface area of the irregularly shaped metal part is approximately 1224.78 cm².

To determine the total surface area of the irregularly shaped metal part, we need to first find the mass of zinc deposited, then use the volume and density to find the surface area.

The amount of zinc deposited can be calculated using Faraday's Law of Electrolysis:

m = (I × t × M) / (n × F)

where m is the mass of zinc deposited, I is the current (2.599 A), t is the time (1 hour = 3600 s), M is the molar mass of zinc (65.38 g/mol), n is the number of electrons involved in the redox reaction (for Zn, n = 2), and F is the Faraday constant (96485 C/mol).

m = (2.599 A × 3600 s × 65.38 g/mol) / (2 × 96485 C/mol) = 9.833 g

Now we can find the volume of zinc deposited:

V = m / ρ = 9.833 g / 7.140 g/cm³ = 1.376 cm³

We know the thickness of the zinc layer is 0.01123 mm, which is equivalent to 0.001123 cm. To find the surface area (A), we can use the formula:

A = V / thickness = 1.376 cm³ / 0.001123 cm = 1224.78 cm²

So, the total surface area of the irregularly shaped metal part is approximately 1224.78 cm².

Visit here to learn more about  molar mass : https://brainly.com/question/12127540
#SPJ11

The half life for a first order reaction is 27 min. For 4 half lives to occur it will take 108 mins. The correct option is (b)

The order of reaction describes  the relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentration of all the species participating in the reaction.  Reaction order gives information about the number of reacting species whose concentration affects the reaction rate. It is obtained by adding all the exponents of the concentration in the rate equation. The value of order of a reaction can beany  integer or a fraction. It can also have a value  zero.

Half life of a reaction is defined as the time required for completion of half of the reaction or 50% of the reaction. The expression for half life of a second order reaction is 0.693/k

According to question, for 1 half life it takes 27 mins

So, for 4 half life it will take 27× 4= 108 mins.

Thus, option (b) is correct.

To know more about half life here

https://brainly.com/question/19369788

#SPJ4

The performing a melting point determination on a compound with a melting point of 170°C, the voltage used should be determined by the specific apparatus being used. The voltage required will depend on the heating rate of the apparatus and the specific properties of the compound being tested.

The important to use a voltage that allows for a gradual and controlled increase in temperature, to ensure an accurate determination of the melting point. According to a source I found on Quizlet1, the voltage in volts that should be used when performing a melting point determination on a compound whose melting point is 170 Degrees C is 50 volts. The formula used to calculate this voltage is Melting Point in Degrees C + 52.5 / 4.45 = 170 + 52.5 / 4.45 = 50 volts.

learn more about voltage here.

https://brainly.com/question/27104137

#SPJ11

The most common "technological fix" for reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions is option d, stack gas scrubbers.

These devices remove sulfur dioxide from industrial emissions by spraying a mixture of water and alkaline substances into the flue gas stream. The sulfur dioxide reacts with the alkaline substances to form a solid compound that can be removed from the scrubber. This is a widely used method for reducing sulfur dioxide emissions in power plants and other industrial facilities. They work by introducing a lime or limestone-based reagent into the exhaust gas stream. The reagent reacts with the sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas and binds it, forming a dry particulate matter that can be removed from the exhaust stream through filtration. This process is known as “scrubbing” and it is the most widely used method for reducing sulfur dioxide emissions from power plants and other industrial facilities.

learn more about sulfur dioxide Refer: https://brainly.com/question/24936794

#SPJ11

The injection of compressed air into the filter media just prior to and/or during the backwashing process is a common form of air scouring in water treatment.

Here are some additional points about air scouring in water treatment:

Air scouring is a process used to enhance the cleaning of filter media during backwashing by loosening and removing any accumulated debris or particulate matter that may have accumulated in the filter bed. This process is typically used in conjunction with other forms of filter media cleaning such as backwashing and chemical cleaning to ensure that the filter media is thoroughly cleaned and free of contaminants.

Learn More About compressed air

https://brainly.com/question/31042908

#SPJ11

Answer:

The molar mass of silver nitrate is 169.87 g/mol.

Hope it helped! :)

The answer is B. I and ill. Steel is particularly well suited for structural framing because of its relative strength and low cost.

Steel is well suited for structural framing due to its high strength and ease of fabrication. It is also a relatively low-cost material, which makes it an attractive option for many construction projects. However, steel is not known for its corrosion resistance, and it can be vulnerable to rust and other forms of corrosion over time. Steel is also not particularly fire resistant, and it can lose its strength quickly when exposed to high temperatures.

Therefore, only options (I) and (III) are correct, indicating that steel is well suited for structural framing because of its strength and low cost.

To learn more about corrosion, refer:-

https://brainly.com/question/31313074

#SPJ11

The false statement is: the rate laws of all chemical reactions can be determined directly from their net chemical equations.

This is because not all chemical reactions follow a simple stoichiometry and may involve multiple intermediate steps and complex mechanisms. However, elementary reaction rate laws can be determined directly from their chemical equations, and the rate laws of termolecular elementary reactions are third order overall, while the rate laws of unimolecular elementary reactions are first order overall.

The false statement among the given options is: The rate laws of all chemical reactions can be determined directly from their net chemical equations. This is because the rate law is determined experimentally and cannot be derived solely from the net chemical equation. The other statements regarding elementary reaction rate laws and order for termolecular and unimolecular reactions are true.

To know more about chemical click here

brainly.com/question/25931113

#SPJ11

The correct answer is C) 2HCl + 2KMnO4 ® Cl2 + MnO2 + 2H2O + 2KCl. This is because the equation has the same number of atoms of each element on both the reactant and product side, making it a balanced chemical reaction.

The correct option for a balanced chemical reaction is:

D) 6HCl + 2KMnO4 ® 2Cl2 + 2MnO2 + 4H2O + 2KCl
1. Write down the unbalanced reaction: HCl + KMnO4 → Cl2 + MnO2 + H2O + KCl
2. Balance the elements one by one, starting with those that appear in fewer compounds. In this case, start with Mn:
  HCl + KMnO4 → Cl2 + 2MnO2 + H2O + KCl
3. Balance the potassium (K):
  HCl + 2KMnO4 → Cl2 + 2MnO2 + H2O + 2KCl
4. Balance the chlorine (Cl):
  6HCl + 2KMnO4 → 3Cl2 + 2MnO2 + H2O + 2KCl
5. Finally, balance the hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O):
  6HCl + 2KMnO4 → 2Cl2 + 2MnO2 + 4H2O + 2KCl

Now the reactant for the chemical reaction is balanced.

Learn more about reactants:

brainly.com/question/17096236

#SPJ11

After 3-PGA is phosphorylated, it receives energized electrons from NADPH.

In the Calvin cycle, there are three steps involved:

1. Carbon Fixation: In this step, the carbon molecule is fixed that is the Carbon atom from carbon dioxide is fixed by conjugation with RuBP. The compound formed after is 3-PGA.

In this step, no ATP molecules are required.

2. Reduction: This step involves the reduction of the fixed carbon, into the formation of G3P which further produces carbohydrates. This step requires 2 ATP and 2 NADPH for each G3P molecule. After phosphorylation by ATPs 3-PGA receives energy from NADPH.

3. Regeneration of RuBP: This step is used to regenerate the used RuBP molecule used in the first step which is the fixation of carbon. This step requires five ATP per RuBP regeneration.

Learn more about the Calvin cycle:

brainly.com/question/920840

#SPJ4

Out of the options given, vinegar would be the best solution to dissolve hard water deposits around your bathroom sink. This is because vinegar is a mild acid that can break down the calcium carbonate without damaging the surface of the sink.

Bleach and ammonia are not recommended as they are harsh chemicals that can damage the sink and emit toxic fumes if mixed with other cleaning products. Lye, although effective, is a strong alkali that can cause chemical burns and should be handled with extreme caution.

To use vinegar, mix equal parts of vinegar and water and apply it to the affected areas. Let it sit for a few minutes before scrubbing the area with a soft-bristled brush or cloth. Rinse with water and repeat the process if necessary.

It's important to note that prevention is key when it comes to hard water deposits. Regularly cleaning your bathroom sink with a mild cleaner and wiping it dry after use can help prevent the buildup of calcium carbonate.

learn more about hard water deposits  here: brainly.com/question/14424069

#SPJ11

X-ray is not a part of particulate radiation. The correct answer is option d.

Particulate radiation is composed of particles with mass such as protons, neutrons, and electrons. X-rays, on the other hand, are a form of electromagnetic radiation and do not have mass or charge.

X-rays are produced when high-energy electrons collide with a metal target and can penetrate through materials, making them useful for medical imaging and industrial inspection.

However, they can also be harmful to human health if exposure is prolonged or at high doses. In contrast, particulate radiation can be stopped by a material barrier, such as clothing or walls, but can be more damaging to biological tissue if absorbed due to their mass and charge.

It is important to be aware of the different types of radiation and their potential effects to take appropriate safety precautions.

Therefore, option d is correct.

For more such questions on X-ray, click on:

https://brainly.com/question/28299888

#SPJ11

The concentration of [OH-] = 3.16*[tex]10^{-11}[/tex]M.

The amount of solute contained in a specific amount of solution is the substance's concentration. The number of moles of solute in 1 L of solution, or molarity, is used to express concentrations.

In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more compounds in their relative proportions. The composition of the solution can be continually changed up to the solubility limit. Although solutions of gases and solids are possible, the term "solution" is most frequently used to refer to the liquid condition of matter.

according to question:

[H+] *[OH-] = 1*[tex]10^{-14}[/tex]

If [H+] = 3.16*[tex]10^{4}[/tex]

then [OH-] = (1*[tex]10^{-14}[/tex]) / ( 3.16*[tex]10^{-4}[/tex])

[OH-] = 3.16*[tex]10^-11[/tex] M

To know more about concentration visit:

https://brainly.com/question/10725862

#SPJ1

Methyl orange is the least desirable residual test for chlorine. Hence, option b is correct.

Methyl orange is a titration indicator dye that changes color when an acid or base is present. Due to the existence of additional oxidizing agents or pollutants that could react with the indicator, the test is not specific for detecting chlorine residue and may produce erroneous findings.

SNORT, OTA, and DPD are more accurate and trustworthy ways to measure chlorine residual in water than the other residual assays. OTA is a colorimetric method that measures total chlorine residual, SNORT is a visual indicator that changes color in the presence of chlorine, and DPD is a frequently used test that evaluates free and mixed chlorine residual.

To know more about residual test, visit,

https://brainly.com/question/16936855

#SPJ4

The class with the highest average age is the Evening class, with a mean of 22 years. The class with the ages that are the most spread out can be determined by comparing the standard deviations.

The empirical rule of statistics asserts that 99.7% of data in a normal distribution falls within three standard deviations of the mean. In order to do this, 68% of the observed data will fall within the first standard deviation, 95% within the second deviation, and 97.5% within the third standard deviation.

With the normal distribution, 68% of the observations fall within one standard deviation of the mean, 95% fall within two standard deviations of the mean, and 99% fall within three standard deviations of the mean.

To know more about average visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/31358056

#SPJ1

1.945 x 10²⁴ molecules make up 3.23 moles.

In the case of sodium chloride, Sodium chloride, there are Avogadro's number of formula units for each mole of Sodium chloride (molecules). So, the number of Sodium chloride formula units (molecules) we need to determine is equal to the number of movements times all of the data we have is constant.

To convert from moles to molecules, you need to use Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 x 10²³ molecules per mole.

So, to convert 3.23 mol to molecules:

3.23 mol x 6.022 x 10²³ molecules/mol = 1.945 x 10²⁴ molecules.

To know more about molecules visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/15123235

#SPJ1

To find the mass of 3.00 moles of ethanol, we can use the formula: mass = moles x molar mass mass = 3.00 moles x 46.07 g/mol mass = 138.21 g Therefore, the answer is B) 138 g.

To find the mass of 3.00 moles of ethanol (C2H6O), you need to first calculate the molar mass of ethanol and then multiply it by the given number of moles.

Step 1: Determine the molar mass of ethanol (C2H6O).
- Carbon (C): 12.01 g/mol
- Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol

Ethanol (C2H6O) has 2 carbon atoms, 6 hydrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom:
(2 × 12.01 g/mol) + (6 × 1.01 g/mol) + (1 × 16.00 g/mol) = 24.02 + 6.06 + 16.00 = 46.08 g/mol

Step 2: Multiply the molar mass by the given number of moles:
3.00 moles × 46.08 g/mol = 138.24 g

The mass of 3.00 moles of ethanol is approximately 138 g, so the correct answer is B) 138 g.

to learn more about molar mass click here:

brainly.com/question/19755698

#SPJ11

C: Percentage -268 mol, mole ratio = 1.5 and whole number = 3

H: Percentage = 4.46 mol, mole ratio = 2.5 and whole number = 5

Cl: Percentage = 1.79 mol, mole ratio = 2 and whole number = 2

Therefore, The molecular formula is C3H5Cl2, so the correct answer is (C).

To find the molecular formula for the compound, we first need to determine the empirical formula.

We can assume that we have 100 grams of the compound, so we can convert the percentages to grams:
- 32.18 g C
- 4.50 g H
- 63.32 g Cl

Next, we can convert these masses to moles by dividing by their respective atomic/molecular masses:
- Moles of C: 32.18 g / 12.01 g/mol = 2.68 mol
- Moles of H: 4.50 g / 1.01 g/mol = 4.46 mol
- Moles of Cl: 63.32 g / 35.45 g/mol = 1.78 mol

We can divide each of these mole values by the smallest mole value to get a set of whole-number ratios:
- C: 2.68 mol / 1.78 mol = 1.50
- H: 4.46 mol / 1.78 mol = 2.50
- Cl: 1.78 mol / 1.78 mol = 1.00

These ratios can be rounded to the nearest whole number to give us the empirical formula: C1.5H2.5Cl1
To find the molecular formula, we need to determine the "n" value that will give us a molecular mass close to the given molar mass of 223.94 g/mol.

The empirical formula has a mass of approximately:
- (1.5 x 12.01 g/mol) + (2.5 x 1.01 g/mol) + (1 x 35.45 g/mol) = 56.53 g/mol

To determine "n", we can divide the molar mass by the empirical formula mass:
- n = 223.94 g/mol / 56.53 g/mol = 3.96

Rounding this to the nearest whole number gives us a value of 4, so the molecular formula is:
- (C1.5H2.5Cl1)4 = C6H10Cl4

Therefore, the answer is B) C6H10Cl4.

Learn more about the mole ratio:

brainly.com/question/15288923

#SPJ11

When starting with a chiral alkyl halide, the products of a substitution reaction can be either achiral or chiral, depending on the reaction mechanism and the stereochemistry of the nucleophile.

In an SN1 reaction, the nucleophile attacks the carbocation intermediate from either side with equal probability, resulting in a racemic mixture of both R and S enantiomers.

In contrast, in an SN2 reaction, the nucleophile approaches the alkyl halide from the opposite side of the leaving group, resulting in an inversion of stereochemistry at the chiral center. This means that the product will be the opposite enantiomer of the starting material, resulting in a chiral product.

However, if the nucleophile used in the SN2 reaction is achiral, such as a hydroxide ion, the product will be racemic, as the reaction can occur with equal probability on both sides of the molecule.

In summary, the products of a substitution reaction starting with a chiral alkyl halide can be either achiral or chiral, depending on the reaction mechanism and the stereochemistry of the nucleophile.

To know more about nucleophile

brainly.com/question/28325919

#SPJ11

a. True. Sodium fluoroacetate, also known as "1080," is indeed the most effective fast-acting rodenticide Rodenticide Act available for use throughout the United States.

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) of 1947 is the law that governs the use of pesticides and herbicides in the USA. Certain substances are not allowed to be used as pesticides under this law.

A proper federal regulatory framework for the use, distribution, and sale of pesticides is provided by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) statute.

The purpose of this law (FIFRA) is to safeguard those who use pesticides, consumers, and the environment.

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is required to grant licences for the use of pesticides throughout the country.

To assure the safety and efficacy of all pesticides used in the US, the EPA reviews and registers them in accordance with FIFRA. The organisation also controls the use, handling, and disposal of pesticides and performs routine inspections to make sure they remain safe.

If someone or a business violates FIFRA rules, the EPA has the authority to file a lawsuit and, if necessary, revoke or suspend pesticide registrations.

Learn more about Rodenticide Act here

https://brainly.com/question/25780629

#SPJ11

The correct expression for the deltaG'o for the transition observed in the experiments described in the passage is ΔG° = -RT ln(K).

In order to provide an accurate answer, I would need more information about the specific passage and experiments being referred to. However, I can provide a general answer about ΔG° (standard Gibbs free energy change) in relation to a transition observed in experiments.

The correct expression for the standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°) in a transition observed in experiments is:

ΔG° = -RT ln(K)

where:
- ΔG° is the standard Gibbs free energy change
- R is the gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
- T is the temperature in Kelvin
- K is the equilibrium constant for the reaction

This equation allows you to calculate the standard Gibbs free energy change for a transition observed in experiments, provided you have the required information.

Know more about Gibbs free energy  here:

https://brainly.com/question/22697457

#SPJ11

The rate constant for a certain first-order reaction is 0.40/min, if the initial concentration of the compound involved is 0.50 mol/L then the initial rate is 0.20 mol/L min.

The rate law for a chemical reaction is an expression that describes a relationship between the rate of the reaction and the concentrations of all the reactants participating in it.

The rate law for a first-order reaction is given by:

Rate = k[A]

Here k is the rate constant and [A] is the concentration of the reactant.

The initial rate of the first-order reaction is calculated by substituting the rate constant and initial concentration into the rate law equation.

Rate = k[A]

Rate = (0.40/min) x (0.50 mol/L)

Rate = 0.20 mol/Lmin

Therefore, the initial rate of the reaction is 0.20 mole/Lmin.

To know more about rate constant here

https://brainly.com/question/20305871

#SPJ4

The column of smoke (mostly water vapor) billowing from the Huntington Beach electrical plant smokestacks levels off at a particular altitude because of atmospheric conditions.

As the hot smoke rises, it meets the cooler air in the atmosphere, causing the water vapor to condense and form clouds. This creates an equilibrium where the rising smoke is balanced by the sinking cool air, which leads to the smoke column leveling off at a particular altitude.

Additionally, the shape and height of the smokestacks also play a role in determining the height of the smoke column. The column of smoke (mostly water vapor) billowing from the Huntington Beach electrical plant smokestacks levels off at a particular altitude because the surrounding air temperature and pressure reach equilibrium with the rising water vapor, causing the water vapor to condense and disperse.

To learn more about equilibrium click here

brainly.com/question/29359870

#SPJ11

Answer:

19⋅mL . We know that. Concentration=Amount of substance in molesVolume of solution.

Explanation:

The volume in mililitres of a solution of 0.270 M NaoH solution needed to neutralize a 155 ml solution is 950 ml

We have

N₁V₁=N₂V₂

Where N= normality, V=Volume

Normality= basicity ×molarity

For H₂SO₄ basicity=2

Normality =0.360  × 2

=0.720 N

For HCl basicity=1

normality = 0.180×1

=0.180 N

Total strength N₂= 0.720N +0.180N =0.900N

N₁= 0.270 N

V₂= 285 ml

substituting all values we get

V₁= N₂V₂/N₁

=0.900N ×285ml/0.270N

=950 ml

To know more about NaOH solution here

https://brainly.com/question/30007576

#SPJ2

When copper is introduced into water, it is expected that the temperature of the water will remain relatively unchanged.

This is because copper is a good conductor of heat, meaning it can quickly transfer any heat it may have to the surrounding water molecules. Therefore, the copper will not cause a significant increase or decrease in the temperature of the water.

After introducing the copper into the water, you can expect the temperature of the water to change depending on the initial temperature of the copper. If the copper is warmer than the water, it will transfer heat to the water, causing the water's temperature to increase.

Conversely, if the copper is cooler than the water, it will absorb heat from the water, leading to a decrease in the water's temperature. This heat exchange will continue until the copper and water reach thermal equilibrium.

To know more about temperature click here

brainly.com/question/29072206

#SPJ11

Immediately after introducing the copper into the water, I expect the temperature of the water to change based on the following terms:

1. Heat transfer: If the copper is at a different temperature than the water, heat will transfer between the two substances until they reach thermal equilibrium.

2. Specific heat capacity: The specific heat capacity of copper and water are different, with water having a higher specific heat capacity. This means that water can absorb more heat without a significant temperature increase compared to copper.

3. Thermal conductivity: Copper has a high thermal conductivity, which means it transfers heat quickly. As a result, the temperature of the water may change relatively fast upon introducing the copper.

In summary, when you introduce the copper into the water, the temperature of the water will change due to heat transfer, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity. The specific direction of the temperature change (increase or decrease) will depend on the initial temperatures of the copper and the water.

To know more about Thermal conductivity:

https://brainly.com/question/7643131

#SPJ11

The chemical quality of a pool is generally measured by two tests are c. pH and chlorine residual.

Monitoring and maintaining the appropriate pH and chlorine residual levels are essential for a healthy and safe swimming environment. The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of water, ranging from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. The ideal pH level for a swimming pool is between 7.2 and 7.8. This range ensures that the water is comfortable for swimmers and maximizes the effectiveness of the chlorine.

Chlorine is a vital disinfectant used to kill harmful bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms in the water. The residual chlorine level indicates the amount of chlorine available to continue sanitizing the pool. The ideal range for chlorine residual in a pool is 1-3 parts per million (ppm),it is crucial to regularly test and adjust the pH and chlorine residual levels to provide a clean and safe swimming environment for everyone. The chemical quality of a pool is generally measured by two tests are c. pH and chlorine residual.

learn more about disinfectant here:

https://brainly.com/question/29887053

#SPJ11

A bond in which one atom contributes both bonding electrons is called a polyatomic covalent bond" is Never True,Option (1)

A bond in which one atom contributes both bonding electrons is called a coordinate covalent bond, not a polyatomic covalent bond. In a coordinate covalent bond, one atom contributes a lone pair of electrons to be shared with another atom. In a polyatomic covalent bond, two or more atoms share pairs of electrons to form a stable molecule or compound.

Polyatomic ions are ions that are composed of two or more atoms that are linked by covalent bonds, but that still have a net deficiency or surplus of electrons, resulting in an overall charge on the group.

Learn more about polyatomic covalent bond

https://brainly.com/question/2496976

#SPJ4

Full Question : A bond in which one atom contributes both bonding electrons is called a polyatomic covalent bond.

Starting is one operational condition that a carburetor must be able to supply the proper fuel mixture for. The other four are  Idle, , Accelerator, variable load and speed operation.

Carburetor is the device that is used to mix fuel and air in an internal combustion engine. Its main objective is to provide quality air fuel for special operational requirements such as starting, idling, acceleration, adjusting variable load and speed operation.

The main disadvantage of float-type carburetor is its susceptibility to icing which occurs when there is fuel vaporization and decrease in air pressure in the venturi, which causes a sharp temperature drop in the carburetor. This fuel vaporization occurs within the cylinder of a fuel-injected engine and makes fuel injection system less susceptible to icing.

To know more about carburetor here

https://brainly.com/question/14305701

#SPJ4