Similar to DNA, each strand of RNA has the same fundamental structure, which is made up of nitrogenous bases bonded covalently to a sugar-phosphate backbone. RNA is typically a single-stranded molecule, in contrast to DNA.
Do mRNA and tRNA have one strand?
A tRNA is created from a single strand of RNA, like the one modelled below (just like an mRNA is). Base pairs do, however, occur between nucleotides in various regions of the molecule, giving the strand a complex 3D shape.
Transcription
Making an RNA copy of a gene's DNA sequence is a process known as transcription in the context of genomics. The messenger RNA (mRNA) copy carries the DNA-encoded protein information for the gene.
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- neuron that conducts impulses toward the CNS from the body periphery- chemicals released by neurons that stimulate or inhibit other neurons or effectors- peripheral nervous system ganglia and spinal and cranial nerves
Afferent neurons - neuron that conducts impulses toward the CNS from the body periphery.
Neurotransmitters - chemicals released by neurons that stimulate or inhibit other neurons or effectors.
Peripheral nervous system - ganglia and spinal and cranial nerves.
Afferent neurons, also known as sensory neurons, are nerve fibers that carry sensory information from the external environment into the brain. Sensory information could entail special senses, like vision, hearing, smell, or taste, along with the sense of touch, pain, and temperature.
Neurotransmitters are chemical transmitters that your body requires to function. They convey chemical signals from a particular neuron to the next target cell. The following target cell may be another neuron or a muscle cell.
The nerves that extend out from the spinal cord and brain comprise the peripheral nervous system. These nerves establish the communications system between the CNS and the parts of the body. The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system are subsets of the peripheral nervous system.
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Complete question :
Match each description with a term from the key.
:a. afferent neuron e. interneuron i. nuclei b. central nervous system f. neuroglia j. peripheral nervous system c. efferent neuron g. neurotransmitters k. synaptic cleft d. ganglion h. nerve l. tract
______________ ganglia and spinal and cranial nerves
______________ neuron that conducts impulses toward the CNS from the body periphery
____________ chemicals released by neurons that stimulate or inhibit other neurons or effectors
using your knowledge of the basic biological molecules, which of the following molecules is a glucocorticoid hormone?
A glucocorticoid hormone is cortisol molecules.
What changes does cortisol make to the body?The primary stress hormone, cortisol, elevates blood sugar (glucose), enhances the brain's ability to use it, and increases the amount of substances that can be used to repair cells.Cortisol also inhibits physiological activities that would be superfluous or harmful in a fight-or-flight situation.
What signs point to high cortisol levels?An overabundance of cortisol can cause some of the telltale signs of Cushing syndrome, along with a fatty hump between both the shoulder, a round face, or pinkish-purple stretch marks just on skin.Cushing syndrome can occasionally also cause type 2 diabetes, elevated blood pressure, or bone loss.
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In horses, black color (B) dominates chestnut color (b). The trotting
gait (T) dominates the pacing gait (t). A cross is made between a
horse homozygous for black color and the pacing gait and a horse homo
zygous for chestnut color and the trotting gait. List the probable geno
type and phenotype resulting from such a cross. List the probable
phenotypes of offspring that could result if the offspring from the
original cross were crossed among themselves.
First Cross:
Bt Bt
bT BbTt BbTt
bT BbTt BbTt
BbTt= Black colour, trotting gait
Second Cross:
BT Bt bT bt
BT BBTT BBTt BbTT BbTt
Bt BBTt BBtt BbTt Bbtt
bT BbTT BbTt bbTT bbTt
bt BbTt Bbtt bbTt bbtt
BBTT, BBTt, BbTT, BbTt = Black colour, trotting gait
BBtt, Bbtt - Black colour, pacing gait
bbTT, bbTt = chestnut colour, trotting gait
bbtt = chesnut colour, pacing gait
Answer:
For the first one, there is only one genotype and phenotype. The genotype is BbTt with the horse showing the black color and having a trotting gait.
For the second cross, there are 9 different genotypes. They are:
BBTT, BBTt, BBtt, BbTT, BbTt, Bbtt, bbTT, bbTt, bbtt
Showing dominant for both traits: 4
Showing dominant for only color: 2
Showing dominant for only gait: 2
Showing recessive for both traits: 1
4/9 Both Dominant
2/9 Color Dominant Only
2/9 Gait Dominant Only
1/9 Both Recessive
Explanation:
You have to use a dihybrid cross for both of the crosses because there are two different traits present.
How can heritable variation increase
fitness?
A. Heritable variations always lower fitness.
B. Variations decrease the population size and make the
population less desirable to predators.
C. The inherited variations create new adaptations that
help an organism survive and pass them on. This is the answer
Answer:
C. The inherited variations create new adaptations that
help an organism survive and pass them on.
Explanation:
You already know the answer?
*100 POINTS* Turner syndrome occurs in females who instead of having two X chromosomes have either only one X chromosome or a fragmented X chromosome. Klinefelter syndrome occurs in males who have multiple X chromosomes. Consider the karyotype.
Which individual is shown in the karyotype?
A) male with Turner syndrome
B) male with Klinefelter syndrome
C) female with Turner syndrome
D) female with Klinefelter syndrome
Answer:
Turner syndrome may be suspected prenatally based on prenatal cell-free DNA screening ― a method to screen for certain chromosomal abnormalities in a developing baby using a blood sample from the mother ― or prenatal ultrasound. Prenatal ultrasound of a baby with Turner syndrome may show:
Explanation:
Signs and symptoms of Turner syndrome may vary among girls and women with the disorder. For some girls, the presence of Turner syndrome may not be readily apparent, but in other girls, several physical features are apparent early. Signs and symptoms can be subtle, developing slowly over time, or significant, such as heart defects.
Which type of stimulus will maximally activate the sensory receptors within the semicircular ducts?.
Answer:
rotational motion
Explanation:
the demands that humanity makes on the earth's natural resources are known as its______ , which describes the capacity of the earth to produce useful resources such as water and crops and to absorb waste, such as co2 emissions.
The demands that are made by humanity on the natural resources of planet Earth are known as its environmental footprint, which expresses the Earth's capacity to generate useful resources like water and crops, as well as to take up waste like CO2 emissions.
The environmental footprint or ecological footprint encompasses the entire set of demands that are made by the human population on Earth's natural resources. It also depicts the potential or capacity of the Earth to meet those demands in terms of generation of natural resources as well as providing essential services such as absorption of wastes like CO2 emissions.
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postganglionic axons from the __________ ganglion innervate the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, proximal part of the duodenum, and part of the pancreas
The stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidney, small intestine, ascending colon, and postganglionic axons of these neurons are innervated by these ganglia.
The lacrimal glands are supplied with postganglionic axons by which autonomic ganglion?"pterygopalatine ganglion"
Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers are produced by the pterygopalatine ganglion, which is located in the extraperiorbital sheath region of the orbit. These fibers run with the zygomaticotemporal nerve, a branch of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve, to innervate the lacrimal gland.
Postganglionic neurons innervate what?Myenteric Ganglia and Smooth Muscle Layers in the Rat Gastrointestinal Tract Are Co-Innervated by Individual Sympathetic Postganglionic Neurons - PMC.
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Mercedes is 32 years old and has three children, the oldest of whom is 16 years old. She has worked as a secretary at the same business for 10 years and describes herself as middle-aged because she is very settled, careful, and conservative. This is an example of which type of age:
A. Economic age
B. Biological age
C. Social age
D. Psychological age
The type of age that is referring to with the Mercedes example is social age. So the correct option is C.
What is social age?Social age refers to a numerical scale that measures how mature a person is in terms of interpersonal skills and the ability of this person to meet the norms of social rules regarding the roles in which each person fits. age. This is compared to other people with the same age.
The social age will reflect, more than the age itself of the person, his position in society with respect to the duties he performs within it. On top of that, this will vary from the perspective that each society has, so the social age will be quite variable and will depend on the eye that sees it. So when telling us the characteristics that Mercedes has and her position at work, she tells us more about her social age.
Therefore, we can confirm that the correct option is C. social age.
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Mendel found that the allele for tallness in plants (T) is dominant to the allele for shortness (t). What would possible results be if a heterozygous plant self-fertilizes?
_____ x _____
genotypic ratio: ____ : ____ : ____
phenotypic ratio: ____ : ____
What is the probability of having a homozygous tall plant? _____
When a plant self-fertilizes, is there still genetic variation between offspring and parent? ________
If a heterozygous plant self-fertilizes, the possible results are that the offspring will be either homozygous dominant (TT), heterozygous (Tt), or homozygous recessive (tt).
The genotypic ratio for the offspring of a heterozygous plant that self-fertilizes is 1:2:1, meaning that there is a 1 in 4 (25%) chance that the offspring will be homozygous dominant (TT), a 2 in 4 (50%) chance that the offspring will be heterozygous (Tt), and a 1 in 4 (25%) chance that the offspring will be homozygous recessive (tt).
The phenotypic ratio for the offspring of a heterozygous plant that self-fertilizes is 3:1, meaning that there is a 3 in 4 (75%) chance that the offspring will have the dominant trait (tallness) and a 1 in 4 (25%) chance that the offspring will have the recessive trait (shortness).
The probability of having a homozygous tall plant is 1 in 4 (25%) if a heterozygous plant self-fertilizes.
Even when a plant self-fertilizes, there is still genetic variation between the offspring and the parent. This is because self-fertilization only involves the mixing of the genes that are present in the parent plant, and it does not create new genetic variation. Therefore, the offspring of a plant that self-fertilizes will have the same genetic variation as the parent plant, but the specific combination of genes in each individual offspring may be different from the parent.
Today, experts define adolescence as beginning in ______ and ending in ______.
Today, experts define adolescence as beginning in biology and ending in culture.
Puberty and the transition to adulthood are the beginning and conclusion of the developmental stage known as adolescence (approximately ages 10–20).
Adolescence is a period of physical and mental growth that normally occurs between puberty and adulthood. Adolescence is often associated with the teenage years, however depending on its physical, psychological, or cultural manifestations, it can begin earlier and endure longer.
The teenage years, which span the years between childhood and adulthood, are those between the ages of 10 and 19. It is a unique stage in human development and a crucial time for laying the groundwork for health. The physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development of teenagers happens quickly.
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neandertals exhibit many anatomical adaptations for life in a harsh climate. below is a typical neandertal skull with several areas labeled. drag each function to the correct anatomical characteristic that carries out that purpose. (not all functions will be used.)
Large nasal aperture: warms and moistens cold, dry air, large infraorbital foramen (the small holes in the facial bones located beneath the eye orbits): increases blood flow to face.
For extra than 350 000 years, Neanderthals inhabited Europe and Asia until, in a surprising extrade with the aid of using evolutionary standards, they disappeared round 40000 years ago. This changed into at across the identical time the anatomically current human Homo sapiens emerged from Africa. The bodily developments of Homo sapiens consist of a excessive and rounded ('globular') braincase, and a distinctly slim pelvis. Measurement of our braincase and pelvic form can reliably separate a current human from a Neanderthal - their fossils showcase a longer, decrease cranium and a much wider pelvis.
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Can a single bacterium genus contain different cell morphologies or do they all stick to one kind?
Single bacterium genus contains different cell morphologies with wide variety of shapes that forms a bacterial colony.
What are the different shapes of bacteria?
They have four basic shapes:
Spherical (cocci)Rod-shaped (bacilli)Arc shaped (Vibrio)Spiral (spirochete)Different types of bacteria produce different colonies some are circular in shape and others are irregular.
Shapes affect different biological functions include nutrient acquisition, motility, dispersion, stress resistance, and interactions with other organisms.
Generally monomorphic bacteria present in single shape whereas polymorphic bacteria exhibit different shapes like spherical, cocci, vibrio etc.
Hence, single bacterium genus contains different cell morphologies that differ from one another.
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select a cell from each of two different plants tissues and explain how their structure adapts them to their function
Chloroplasts, cell walls, and intracellular vacuoles are a few characteristics that set plant cells apart.
What are two plant cell adaptations?Plant cells contain a thick, transparent cuticle made of wax and wax, which minimizes water loss while allowing sunlight to penetrate through. The spongy mesophyll has air gaps that allow for gas exchange (e.g. allows carbon dioxide to enter for photosynthesis to occur).Chloroplasts, cell walls, and intracellular vacuoles are a few characteristics that set plant cells apart. Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, cell walls provide plants the strength to stand erect, and vacuoles control how cells manage water and store other chemicals.To learn more about cells refer,
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HELP
Find evidence to support the claim that inheritable genetic variations may result from new genetic combinations through meiosis (crossing over, non disjunction) or heritable
mutations caused by environmental factors (radiation, chemicals, and viruses)?
Inheritable Genetic Variation
Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors
the least abundant cells of the epidermis are . keratinocytes intraepidermal macrophages melanocytes type i cutaneous mechanoreceptors tactile epithelial cells
The least abundant cells of the epidermis are type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors.
The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and is made up of several types of cells, including keratinocytes, intraepidermal macrophages, melanocytes, and type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Among these cells, type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors are the least abundant.
Type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors are sensory cells that are responsible for detecting light touch and pressure. They are found in the epidermis and are important for sensing texture, shape, and movement. Despite their importance for touch sensation, type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors are relatively rare in the epidermis and make up a small proportion of the cells in this layer.
Keratinocytes, intraepidermal macrophages, and melanocytes are more abundant in the epidermis compared to type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Keratinocytes are cells that produce keratin, a protein that helps to protect and strengthen the skin. Intraepidermal macrophages are immune cells that help to protect the skin from infection and inflammation. Melanocytes are cells that produce melanin, a pigment that gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes.
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How does sexual reproduction create
heritable variation?
A. Organisms that reproduce sexually will have larger
populations.
B. It creates new combinations of alleles and unique
individuals every time. This is the answer
C. Species that reproduce with the same individuals will
create new adaptations.
Answer: It creates new combinations of alleles and unique
individuals every time.
Explanation:
Individuals have unique mixes of genes that can be found in there gametes and then mixed with someone else's unique gametes in sexual reproduction
Mr. Cooper is a 40 year-old unmarried restaurant owner who comes into a mental health clinic for treatment because he was charged with assault and battery. He spent a week in jail because he said he would rather die than pay the bail to get out. The charges are the result of a fight he had with his butcher, whom he accused of trying to destroy his business by supplying him with poisoned meat. He became convinced of this after a customer complained of becoming ill after eating in the restaurant. But, even before this, he had become concerned that his butcher was conspiring with other suppliers to price gouge and drive him out of business in order to buy him out. Some believe that Cooper is preoccupied with his business. It is not unusual for him to work 16-18 hours in a day. He feels this is the only way he will be successful. He is constantly fearful he is being taken advantage of and has frequent verbal and sometimes physical altercations with his waiters and cooks. Last month, Cooper became convinced that there was something wrong with the heating system and that there was a dangerous contaminant in the air that no one else could smell. He threatened to sue the heating company if they didn't fix the problem. Background Information: Cooper is a big man standing at 64" and weighing 270 pounds. In contrast, his father was very small in stature and was often described as having "Napoleon's Disease" as he would often tell his kids stories of how he could "kick the butt" of guys twice his size. Several times during his childhood, the patient's father would display "road rage" and once even got out of the car at a stoplight and confronted a man, daring him to get out of the car. Unfortunately, the patient's father died of heart complications when the patient was only 11 years old. The oldest of five children. Cooper took over as a father figure to the others. Recent Behaviors: A few months ago, he accused one of the waiters of stealing food. The frail young man told his boss he was crazy. To this, Cooper flipped out and actually threw the young man into the dumpster which was behind the building. After listening to the guy crying for the next ten minutes he climbed into the dumpster and sat with his employee for over an hour la ........ A few months ago, he accused one of the waiters of stealing food. The frail young man told his boss he was crazy. To this, Cooper flipped out and actually threw the young man into the dumpster which was behind the building. After listening to the guy crying for the next ten minutes he climbed into the dumpster and sat with his employee for over an hour apologizing for his actions. Surprisingly, the waiter did not quit and when asked later to describe what had occurred he simply stated that it was a misunderstanding and there were no ill feelings. It appears that Cooper is generally well-liked by his employees. Even when he is in a foul mood they seem to tolerate his actions. As one employee mentioned recently, "when Coop is in one of those moods we know to get out of his way and let him blow off some steam." Also, his customers at the restaurant love him and often ask him over to their house parties When he goes to the market he thinks that everyone is looking at him because he is overweight. He often leaves these places in such an agitated state that he will stop at a local bar to cool down with a beer and a few shots. The guys at the bar love his stories of how he put someone in their place. To many of them he is their hero. Within a few minutes of arriving at the health clinic, Cooper becomes upset with a female therapist and says she is determined to prove he is insane. He gets up and leaves and says he would rather rot in jail than listen to these quacks. Upon arriving back at the restaurant, he receives high fives from everyone and he thanks them for holding down the fort. He then calls the butcher and apologizes for his actions. Later in the day, his lawyer calls to inform him that charges against him have been dropped. 2. Considering the case study of Mr. Cooper (see attached), please answer the following: (a) In no more than four sentences, explain Cooper's behavior from the biological perspective. Include at least two explanations. (b) In no more than four sentences, explain Cooper's behavior from the behavioral perspective. Include at least two explanations.
Mr. Cooper, a 40-year-old single restaurant owner, seeks therapy at a mental health facility after being accused of assault and violence.
After saying he'd sooner die than pay the requisite bond to be released, he spent a week in jail. He argued with his butcher, whom he believed was trying to destroy his business by delivering him tainted meat, which gave rise to the accusations. He was convinced of this when a patron complained that they felt nauseous after eating there. However, even before this, he had started to be concerned that his butcher was conspiring with other suppliers to overcharge him, drive him out of business, and then buy him out. Some people believe Cooper's current priorities are his business. He frequently works 16 to 18 hours per day. This, he thinks, is the only choice. He routinely gets into verbal, and on rare occasions physical, arguments with his waiters and cooks because he is constantly worried about being taken advantage of. Last month, Cooper thought the heating system was malfunctioning because of a dangerous impurity in the air that no one else could smell. He said he would sue the heating provider if they didn't fix the problem. Background Information Cooper is a hefty man who stands 64" tall and weighs 270 pounds. In contrast, his father was very little in stature and was sometimes thought to have "Napoleon's Disease" since he constantly told his children stories about how he could "kick the butt" of guys twice his size. When the young man reacted, Cooper lost his composure and threw him into the dumpster behind the building. He listened to the man cry for the next 10 minutes and then sat in the dumpster with his employee for over an hour. A few months back, he accused one of the waiters of stealing food. The weak young man branded his boss a lunatic. Cooper became irrational in retaliation and threw the young man into the dumpster behind the building. He listened to the man sob for the next 10 minutes, then sat in the dumpster with his employee for more than an hour. The waiter unexpectedly stayed and, when questioned, Many of them view him as their hero. Shortly after arriving at the clinic, Cooper snaps at a female therapist and accuses her of wanting to prove he is nuts. He gets up and leaves, saying he'd rather rot in jail than listen to these charlatans. When he returns to the restaurant, he gives everyone high fives and thanks them for keeping everything organized. He then calls the butcher to express his regret for his actions. He gets a call from his lawyer later that day informing him that the accusations against him have been dropped.
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Individuals with diabetes have a difficult time metabolizing foods that are high in ____ because their ____ doesn't secrete enough ____ to be able to take ____ out of the bloodstream for use by the muscles, brain, etc.
Individuals with diabetes have a difficult time metabolizing foods that are high in sugar because their pancreas doesn't secrete enough insulin to be able to take sugar out of the bloodstream for use by the muscles, brain, etc.
In this sentence, the four blank spaces represent the following:
sugar: This refers to simple sugars, such as glucose, that are found in many foods and are used by the body as a source of energy.pancreas: This is a gland located in the abdomen that produces hormones, including insulin, which regulates blood sugar levels.insulin: This is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps to regulate blood sugar levels by allowing cells to take in and use glucose from the bloodstream.sugar: This refers to glucose, which is a type of sugar that is found in the bloodstream and is used by the body as a source of energy.Learn more about Diabetes here:
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What do we call
variation that can
be inherited?
heritable variation this is answer
asexual reproduction
Answer: What do we call variation that can be inherited?
heritable variation
Explanation:
The term for variation that can be inherited is "heritable variation." It refers to traits or characteristics that are passed down from parents to offspring through genes. These traits can include physical features like eye color or height, as well as certain behaviors or abilities.
An example of heritable variation is hair color. If both parents have brown hair, there is a high chance that their children will also have brown hair. However, if one parent has blonde hair and the other has brown hair, there is a possibility that their children could have either hair color, depending on the specific genes they inherit.
Aphids can feed in leafy treetops or tree canopies. Ants are usually not abundant in tree canopies unless aphids are also present. You introduce aphids to an area of the tree canopy and survey the abundance of ants over time. Consider the graphs. A.) graph H
B.) graph L
C.) graph K
D.) graph M
E.) graph Q
Graph H can be considered for this survey
What is relation between ant and aphids ?An aphid infestation is frequently indicated by the presence of ants, which are frequently associated with aphid populations, especially on trees and shrubs. Check higher up the tree for aphids or other insects that produce honeydew that may be on limbs and leaves if you notice a lot of ants climbing the trunks of your trees.
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The continents of South America and Africa, where Mesosaurus fossils are located, are currently about 4,000 km apart and separated by the Atlantic Ocean. GPS measurements show that the South American Plate and African Plate are currently spreading apart from each other at a rate of 3.0 cm per year.
Mesosaurus would have been unable to swim across the continents due to physiological constraints. This shows that during the Early Permian, South America and Africa were linked.
This divergent plate motion explains why Mesosaurus fossil bones previously discovered together are now located on continents thousands of kilometers apart.
What is the Early Permian?The Permian is a geologic epoch and stratigraphic sequence that lasted 47 million years, beginning with the end of the Carboniferous Period 298.9 million years ago and ending with the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 million years ago.
It is the Paleozoic Era's final phase; the succeeding Triassic Period belongs to the Mesozoic Era.
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Full Question:
The continents of South America and Africa, where Mesosaurus fossils are located, are currently about 4,000 km apart and separated by the Atlantic Ocean. GPS measurements show that the South American Plate and African Plate are currently spreading apart from each other at a rate of 3.0 cm per year.
Why are Mesosaurus fossils found on continents that are now thousands of kilometers and an ocean apart?
Describe the difference between the endodermal tissues (structures) in acoelomates, pseudocoelomates, and coelomates
The three types of animals you mentioned – acoelomates, pseudocoelomates, and coelomates – are defined by the type of body cavity they possess. Acoelomates are animals that lack a body cavity, while pseudocoelomates have a body cavity that is not completely lined by mesoderm, the middle layer of cells in an embryo. Coelomates, on the other hand, have a body cavity that is completely lined by mesoderm.
The endodermal tissue is a type of tissue found within the body of animals. It is one of the three primary germ layers that forms during the early stages of animal development. In acoelomates, the endodermal tissue is found along the digestive tract, where it forms the lining of the gut. In pseudocoelomates, the endodermal tissue also forms the lining of the gut, but it may also be found in other parts of the body cavity. In coelomates, the endodermal tissue forms the lining of the gut and may also be found in other organs, such as the liver and pancreas.
Overall, the main difference between the endodermal tissues in acoelomates, pseudocoelomates, and coelomates is their location and distribution within the body. In acoelomates, the endodermal tissue is found only along the gut, while in pseudocoelomates and coelomates it may be found in other parts of the body cavity and in specific organs.
The areas of the cerebral cortex that are responsible for the integration of new information with stored information are the _____ areas.
The areas of the cerebral cortex that are responsible for the integration of new information with stored information are the association areas.
What are the association areas in the cerebral cortex?The cerebrаl cortex, mаde up of billions of neurons аnd gliаl cells, is divided into the right аnd left hemispheres аnd into four lobes.
The frontаl lobe is primаrily responsible for thinking, plаnning, memory, аnd judgment. The pаrietаl lobe is primаrily responsible for bodily sensаtions аnd touch. The temporаl lobe is primаrily responsible for heаring аnd lаnguаge. The occipitаl lobe is primаrily responsible for vision.Other аreаs of the cortex аct аs аssociаtion аreаs, responsible for integrаting informаtion.
The remаinder of the cortex is mаde up of аssociаtion аreаs in which sensory аnd motor informаtion is combined аnd аssociаted with our stored knowledge. These аssociаtion аreаs аre the plаces in the brаin thаt аre responsible for most of the things thаt mаke humаn beings seem humаn. The аssociаtion аreаs аre involved in higher mentаl functions, such аs leаrning, thinking, plаnning, judging, morаl reflecting, figuring, аnd spаtiаl reаsoning.
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Identify and explain the two steps of the Krebs cycle
*please help will mark brainliest and 30 points
In Krebs Cycle there are total 8 steps are present.
What is Krebs cycle ?The citric acid cycle, sometimes referred to as the Krebs cycle or the TCA cycle, is a chain of chemical events that oxidizes acetyl-CoA, which is obtained from proteins, carbs, and lipids, to release stored energy.
The Krebs cycle, sometimes referred to as the tricarboxylic acid cycle or the citric acid cycle, is at the core of cellular metabolism and is essential for both the synthesis of biomolecules and energy. It completes the task of breaking down sugar that was started during glycolysis and feeds ATP synthesis in the process.Due to the three carboxyl groups on its first two intermediates, this chain of events is known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle in honor of its discoverer, Hans Krebs.Steps of Krebs cycle :Step 1: Oxaloacetate (four carbon molecules) and acetyl CoA (two carbon molecules) combine to create citrate (6 carbon molecule).
Step 2: Isocitrate is created by converting citrate (an isomer of citrate)
In step 3, isocitrate is converted into the five-carbon molecule alpha-ketoglutarate, which releases carbon dioxide. It only produces one NADH molecule.
Isocitrate dehydrogenase is the enzyme that facilitates this process. Isocitrate dehydrogenase is an allosterically regulated enzyme, hence this process is rate-limiting.
Step 4: An oxidation of alpha-ketoglutarate produces a 4-carbon compound. This creates succinyl CoA when it binds to coenzyme A. A second molecule of carbon dioxide and a second molecule of NADH are generated.
In step 5, succinyl CoA is changed into the four-carbon molecule succinate, which yields one GTP molecule.
In step 6, succinate is transformed into a 4-carbon molecule called fumarate, which then yields a molecule of FADH2.
Fumarate is changed into malate in step 7 (another 4 carbon molecule).
Step 8 is the transformation of malate into oxaloacetate. Additionally, the third NADH molecule is created.
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You have been hired as a chemist. Your first task at your new job is to examine a newly discovered atom. The paperwork you are given states that its atomic number is 110. What does this mean?
The paperwork are given states that its atomic number is 110. this means D) The atom contains 110 protons.
The protons, which has a mass of one and a charge of one, is a positively charged particle that sits in the nucleus, or centre, of an atom. A negatively charged particle called an electron moves around the nucleus. Therefore, it is located outside of the nucleus. the portion of a molecule with a positive electric charge; a hydrogen ion (spelled H+) that has lost its electron. Transporter: a protein that works to regulate what can enter or leave a cell is situated in the cell membrane.
You have been hired as a chemist. Your first task at your new job is to examine a newly discovered atom. The paperwork you are given states that its atomic number is 110. What does this mean?
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HELPP FINALS// A student placed a water plant under an apparatus that would capture any gas coming off the plant. She placed the apparatus under a light. She then brought the temperature of the water down to near 0ºC and counted the number of bubbles being produced by the plant each minute. She then increased the temperature by 5ºC and counted the number of bubbles coming off the plant. She repeated increasing the temperature and counting the bubbles until she reached a temperature of 50ºC. Her data is pictured in the graph.
What process is the student measuring in the experiment?
-cellular respiration
-replication
-photosynthesis
-translation
A student placed a water plant under an apparatus that would capture any gas coming off the plant, and the bubbles are coming out, and the student is measuring the bubble production at different temperatures. This is the photosynthesis present in the third option.
What is the photosynthesis experiment?The aquatic plant is used in the photosynthesis experiment, and in the presence of the sun's light, the plant performs photosynthesis, releasing glucose and oxygen in the form of bubbles.
Hence, the bubbles are coming out, and the student is measuring the bubble production at different temperatures. This is the photosynthesis present in the third option.
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What records held by NASA's Apollo era, did Orion break?
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1.It flew farther from Earth.
2.It punctured through the Earth's atmosphere faster.
3.It experienced hotter reentry temperature.
4.All of the above.
Answer:
All of the above.
Explanation:
Orion, NASA's spacecraft for human deep space exploration, has broken several records held by spacecraft from the Apollo era.
It flew farther from Earth: During its first uncrewed test flight, Orion flew farther from Earth than any spacecraft designed for humans has gone in more than 50 years. It reached a distance of 3,604 miles (5,800 kilometers) from the Earth's surface, surpassing the previous record of 3,474 miles (5,590 kilometers) set by the Apollo 17 mission in 1972.
It punctured through the Earth's atmosphere faster: Orion reached a peak velocity of 20,000 mph (32,186 km/h) during reentry, which is the fastest speed a spacecraft designed for humans has reached during reentry. This is faster than the speed of the Apollo spacecraft, which reached peak velocities of around 17,500 mph (28,164 km/h).
It experienced hotter reentry temperature: Orion reached a maximum temperature of 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit (2,204 degrees Celsius) during reentry, which is the hottest temperature any spacecraft designed for humans has experienced during reentry. This is hotter than the maximum temperature reached by the Apollo spacecraft, which was around 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit (1,648 degrees Celsius).
the role of weather and climate in disease prevalence crop production
Answer:Agriculture is an important sector of the U.S. economy. The crops, livestock, and seafood produced in the United States contribute more than $300 billion to the economy each year.[1] When food-service and other agriculture-related industries are included, the agricultural and food sectors contribute more than $750 billion to the gross
Agriculture and fisheries are highly dependent on the climate. Increases in temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) can increase some crop yields in some places. But to realize these benefits, nutrient levels, soil moisture, water availability, and other conditions must also be met. Changes in the frequency and severity of droughts and floods could pose challenges for farmers and ranchers and threaten food safety.[3] Meanwhile, warmer water temperatures are likely to cause the habitat ranges of many fish and shellfish species to shift, which could disrupt ecosystems. Overall, climate change could make it more difficult to grow crops, raise animals, and catch fish in the same ways and same places as we have done in the past. The effects of climate change also need to be considered along with other evolving factors that affect agricultural production, such as changes in farming practices
Line graph that shows the yield in bushels per acre by year. The map calls out several events that caused significant declines in yield. Blight, wet spring and early frost, droughts, flood, and unusual climate events caused as much as and around the world. U.S. farms supply nearly 25% of all grains (such as wheat, corn, and rice) on the global market.[4] Changed temperature will depend on the crop's optimal temperature for growth and reproduction.[1] In some areas, warming may benefit the types of crops that are typically planted there, or allow farmers to shift to crops that are currently grown in warmer areas. Can change temperature , yields will decline.
Explanation: copy right
3. How does the ozone layer help shield the Earth? O by allowing all of the UV light to pass through by causing some of the UV light to bounce back into space by rerouting some of the UV light, causing it to go around our planet O by absorbing some of the UV light that harms living things
Answer:
When an ozone molecule absorbs UV-B, it comes apart into an oxygen molecule (O2) and a separate oxygen atom (O). Later, the two components can reform the ozone molecule (O3). By absorbing UV-B in the stratosphere, the ozone layer prevents harmful levels of this radiation from reaching Earth's surface.
Explanation:
Answer:
The last answer. By absorbing some of the UV light that harms living things.
Explanation:
As the harmful UV light heads for earth, the Ozone Layer absorbs a great amount of the harmful UV radiation that comes from the sun, and If it weren't for the Ozone Layer, we would probably all be practically blind from the radiation hitting our eyes.
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