Pratt is ready to graduate and leave College Park. His future employer (Ferndale Corp.) offers the following four compensation packages from which Pratt may choose. Pratt will start working for Ferndale on January 1, year 1. Benefit Description Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Salary $ 60,000 $ 50,000 $ 45,000 $ 45,000 Health insurance No coverage $ 5,000 $ 5,000 $ 5,000 Restricted stock 0 0 1,000 shares 0 NQO's 0 0 0 100 options Assume that the restricted stock is 1,000 shares that trade at $5 per share on the grant date (January 1, year 1); shares are expected to be worth $10 per share on the vesting date at the end of year 1; and no 83(b) election is made. Assume that the NQOs (100 options) each allows the employee to purchase 10 shares at $5 exercise price. The stock trades at $5 per share on the grant date (January 1, year 1) and is expected to be worth $10 per share on the vesting date at the end of year 1, and the options are exercised and sold at the end of the year. Also assume that Pratt spends on average $3,000 on health-related costs that will be covered by insurance if he had coverage or is an after-tax expense if he isn't covered by insurance (treat this as a cash outflow). Assume that Pratt’s marginal tax rate is 35 percent. (Ignore FICA taxes and time value of money considerations). What is the after-tax value of each compensation package for year 1? If Pratt’s sole consideration is maximizing after-tax value for year 1, which scheme should he select?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

A. Option 1 After-tax value Compensation Package $36,000

Option 2 After-tax value Compensation Package $32,500

Option 3 After-tax value Compensation Package $35,750

Option 4 After-tax value Compensation Package $35,750

B. Option 1

Explanation:

Calculation to determine the after-tax value of each compensation package for year 1

OPTION 1 COMPENSATION PACKAGE

Salary $60,000

Add Restricted Stock$0

Taxable Total $60,000

($60,000+$0)

Tax Rate 35%

Less Tax Paid ($21,000)

($60,000*35%=$21,000)

After-tax cash value$39,000

($60,000-$21,000)

NQO’s$0

Less Health care expenses ($3,000)

After-tax value $36,000

($39,000-$3,000)

Therefore Option 1 After-tax value Compensation Package is $36,000

OPTION 2 COMPENSATION PACKAGE

Salary $50,000

Add Restricted Stock$0

Taxable Total $50,000

($50,000+$0)

Tax Rate 35%

Less Tax Paid ($17,500)

(35%*$50,000=$17,500)

After-tax cash value $32,500

($50,000-$17,500)

NQO’s$0

Less Health care expenses ($0)

After-tax value $32,500

($32,500-$0)

Therefore Option 2 After-tax value Compensation Package is $32,500

OPTION 3 COMPENSATION PACKAGE

Salary $45,000

Restricted Stock$ 10,000

Taxable Total $55,000

($45,000+$10,000)

Tax Rate 35%

Less Tax Paid ($19,250)

($35%*$55,000)

After-tax cash value$35,750

($55,000-$19,250)

NQO’s$0

Less Health care expenses ($0)

After-tax value $35,750

($35,750-$0)

Therefore Option 3 After-tax value Compensation Package is $35,750

OPTION 4 COMPENSATION PACKAGE

Salary $45,000

NQO’s $10,000

Taxable Total $55,000

($45,000+$10,000)

Tax Rate 35%

Less Tax Paid ($19,250)

($55,000*35%)

After-tax cash value $35,750

($55,000-$19,250)

Less Health care expenses ($0)

After-tax value $35,750

($35,750-$0)

Therefore Option 4 After-tax value Compensation Package is $35,750

b. Based on the above calculation assuming his sole consideration is maximizing after-tax value for year 1, the scheme that he should select is OPTION 1 with the amount of $36,000 reason been that OPTION 1 tend to maximizes after-tax value for year 1.


Related Questions

Creative Solutions Company, a computer consulting firm, has decided to write off the $13,780 balance of an account owed by a customer, Wil Treadwell.

a. Journalize the entry to record the write-off, assuming that the direct write-off method is used.
b. Journalize the entry to record the write-off, assuming that the allowance method is used.

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

The journal entry for recording the bad debt expense is shown below:

a.  In case of when direct write off method is used

Bad debt expense $13,780  

             To Account receivable-Wil Treadwell $13,780

(Being bad debt expense is recorded)

Here the bad debt expense is debited as it increased the expenses and credited the account receivable as it decreased the assets

b. In case of when allowance method is used

Allowance for doubtful accounts $13,780  

          To Account receivable-Wil Treadwell $13,780

(Being the allowance is recorded)

Here the allowance is debited as it increased the assets and credited the account receivable as it decreased the assets

During Year 1, Ashkar Company ordered a machine on January 1 at an invoice price of $28,000. On the date of delivery, January 2, the company paid $6,000 on the machine, with the balance on credit at 10 percent interest due in six months. On January 3, it paid $1,400 for freight on the machine. On January 5, Ashkar paid installation costs relating to the machine amounting to $2,300. On July 1, the company paid the balance due on the machine plus the interest. On December 31 (the end of the accounting period), Ashkar recorded depreciation on the machine using the straight-line method with an estimated useful life of 10 years and an estimated residual value of $4,000.

Required:
Indicate the effects (accounts, amounts, and or- of each transaction (on January 1, 2, 3, and 5 and July 1) on the accounting equation.

Answers

Explanation:

Date           Assets = Liabilities +       Stockholder's Equity

January 1 No effect          No effect   No effect  

January 2 Cash  $28,000   Note payable          $22,000    

Equipment               -$6,000      

January 3 Cash   $1,400      

Equipment                -$1,400      

January 5 Cash    $2,300      

Equipment                  -$2,300      

July 1 Cash        $23,100  Note payable -$22,000  Interest expense        $1,100

( July 1 cash = balance due + interest

                     = $22,000 + ($22,000*10%*6/12)

                      = $23,100 )

Jessica Porter works in both the jewelry department and the cosmetics department of a retail store. She assists customers in both departments and arranges and stocks merchandise in both departments. The store allocates her $13,800 annual wages between the two departments based on the time worked in the two departments in each two-week pay period. On average, Jessica reports the following hours and activities spent in the two departments.

Activities Hours
Selling in jewelry department 51.0
Arranging and stocking merchandise in jewelry department 9.0
Selling in cosmetics department 15.0
Arranging and stocking merchandise in cosmetics department 10.0
Idle time spent waiting for a customer to enter one of the departments 7.0

Required:
Allocate Jessica's annual wages between the two departments.

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

The computation of the allocation made of Jessica annual wages between two department is as follows:

Department  Hours worked  % of hours worked  Wages   Allocation

Jewelry            (51 + 9) = 60      70.59%                    $13,800   $9,741

Cosmetics       (15 + 10) = 25      29.41%                    $13,800    $4,059

Total                         85              100                                             $13,800

The cost of issuing new common stock is calculated the same way as the cost of raising equity capital from retained earnings. False: Flotation costs need to be taken into account when calculating the cost of issuing new common stock, but they do not need to be taken into account when raising capital from retained earnings. True: The cost of retained earnings and the cost of new common stock are calculated in the same manner, except that the cost of retained earnings is based on the firm’s existing common equity, while the cost of new common stock is based on the value of the firm’s share price net of its flotation cost.

Answers

Answer: False: Flotation costs need to be taken into account when calculating the cost of issuing new common stock, but they do not need to be taken into account when raising capital from retained earnings.

Explanation:

When issuing common stock, the firm will need to pay certain floatation costs such as underwriting fees, legal fees, and registration fees. These will reduce the net amount received from the floatation of new securities.

When raising capital from the retained earnings however, the company can avoid flotation costs because they would be acquiring funds internally and so do not have to worry about paying other entities to access it.

All good marketers

Create robust social media conversations
Put themselves in the shoes of their target market
Balance push and pull marketing
Minimize negative buzz

Answers

Answer:

All good marketers

Put themselves in the shoes of their target market

Explanation:

This creates a personal experience of the marketing efforts and makes marketing a more targeted and conscious activity that is aimed at rendering the best service to the customer instead of just exploiting them.  The awareness that marketing creates about goods and services is essential in the supply chain and value creation as a whole.  To achieve improved success, a good marketing must be able to put herself in the shoes of their target market or customers.

Scheduling personnel is an example of an operations management:
A. mission implementation
B. operational decision
C. organizational strategy
D. functional strategy
E. tactical decision

Answers

Answer:

B. operational decision

Explanation:

Scheduling personnel is an example of an operations management:  operational decision

Scheduling personnel represents an example of an operations management of an operational decision.

The following information should be considered:

The staff-level decisions should be made from the lower level to the hierarchy level.Many decisions should be taken at many hierarchy levels.In this, the authority is present for taking the decisions.The lower level should take the decisions with respect to the employees.

Therefore the other options are incorrect.

Hence we can conclude that scheduling personnel represents an example of an operations management of an operational decision.

Learn more about the management here: brainly.com/question/14874943

A bicameral legislature is made up of how many bodies?
O one
O two
O three
O four

Answers

Answer:

two

Explanation:

A bicameral legislature is made up of two bodies. Thus, option B is the correct option.

What is a bicameral legislature?

A bicameral legislature, which is distinguished by having two distinct assemblies, chambers, or houses, is one that practices bicameralism. Unicameralism, in which all members discuss and vote as a single body, is distinct from bicameralism. Bicameralism will be used by about 40% of national legislatures throughout the world as of 2022, compared to 60% at the national level and significantly more at the subnational level for unicameralism.

The techniques used to elect or choose the members of the two chambers sometimes varied from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. This frequently results in the membership of the two chambers being significantly different. Primary legislation frequently has to be approved by majorities in both houses of the legislature in order to be passed. If this is the case, the legislature may be seen as the epitome of bicameralism.

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Consider a monopoly where consumers are currently consuming where the marginal utility is 10 units of utility for the good. The price of the product is $5. The marginal cost of producing the good is $2.00. Then consider perfectly competitive firms where consumers are currently consuming where the marginal utility is 20 units of utility for the perfectly competitive product. The price of the product is $10. At current production levels, the marginal cost of producing the good is $10.

Required:
a. Calculate the marginal utility per dollar spent by consumers in a monopolistic industry.
b. Calculate the consumer marginal utility per dollar of marginal cost for the monopoly.

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

a. The marginal utility per dollar spent  in a monopolistic industry is

= Marginal utility ÷ Price

= 10 ÷ 5

= 2 utils per dollar

b. The consumer marginal utility per dollar for the monopoly is

= Marginal utility ÷ Marginal cost

= 10 ÷ 2

= 5 utils per dollar

hence by using the above formulas, the above answers should be considered

RealTurf is considering purchasing an automatic sprinkler system for its sod farm by borrowing the entire $50,000 purchase price. The loan would be repaid with four equal annual payments at an interest rate of 12%/year. It is anticipated that the sprinkler system would be used for 9 years and then sold for a salvage value of $5,000. Annual operating and maintenance expenses for the system over the 9-year life are estimated to be $10,500 per year. If the new system is purchased, cost savings of $20,500 per year will be realized over the present manual watering system. RealTurf uses a MARR of 15%/year for economic decision making.What is the internal rate of return used to reach your decision?

Answers

Answer:

savings per year = $20,500 - $10,500 = $10,000

the loan and interest are not included in the calculation

initial outlay = $50,000

cash flows 1-8 = $10,000

cash flow 9 = $15,000

discount rate = 15%

using a financial calculator, the NPV = -$862.85, and the IRR = 14.53%

During year 2019, Chocolate International (GI) has purchased its inventory as follow: Date Units Unit Cost Total Cost Beginning Inventory 2,500 $8.00 $20,000 April 8, 2019 4,000 $8.10 $32,400 August 7, 2019 2,000 $8.30 $16,600 September 28, 2019 3,500 $8.40 $29,400 Total 12,000 $98,400 Additional Information On December 31, 2019, GI conducted a physical inventory and discovered that it has 800 unit remains in ending inventory. GI used the periodic inventory system. Requirements [You must show your work/steps of how you arrive at your answers] Question 1: Use the weighted average method to find GI's Cost of goods sold and Cost of Ending Inventory. Question 2: Use the LIFO method to find GI's Cost of goods sold and Cost of Ending Inventory. Question 3: Use the FIFO method to find GI's Cost of goods sold and Cost of Ending

Answers

Answer:

Chocolate International (CI)

Periodic Inventory system

1. Weighted-Average method:

Cost of goods sold = $91,840 (11,200 * $8.20)

Cost of ending inventory = $6,560 (800 * $8.20)

2. LIFO method:

Cost of ending inventory = $6,400 (800 * $8.00)

Cost of goods sold = Total cost Minus Cost of Ending Inventory

= $98,400 - $6,400

= $92,000

3. FIFO method:

Cost of ending inventory = $6,720 (800 * $8.40)

Cost of goods sold = Total cost Minus Cost of Ending Inventory

= $98,400 - $6,720

= $91,680

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

Date                  Description                 Units    Unit Cost     Total Cost

April 1, 2019      Beginning Inventory 2,500        $8.00         $20,000

April 8, 2019     Purchase                   4,000         $8.10         $32,400

August 7, 2019 Purchase                   2,000        $8.30          $16,600

September 28  Purchase                   3,500        $8.40         $29,400

Total                                                   12,000                           $98,400

Weighted-average cost per unit = $8.20

Ending inventory                                   800

Units sold                                           11,200 (12,000 - 800)

b) The FIFO (First-in, First-out) method is based on the assumption that Chocolate sales are made from the first items in stock.  This means that the ending inventory of Chocolate is made up of the newest items.

On the other hand, the LIFO (Last-in, First-out) method bases its assumption on the sale of the newest Chocolate in stock while the oldest items form the bulk of the ending inventory.

The weighted-average method calculates a weighted-average unit cost of inventory by dividing the total cost of Chocolate available for sale by the total units of Chocolate for sale.  Using the period inventory system, the computations of both the cost of goods sold and the ending inventory are done at the end of the specific financial period, unlike the perpetual inventory system.

Products A and B are joint products. Product A can be sold for $1,200 at the split-off point, or processed further at a cost of $600 and then sold for $1,700. Product B can be sold for $3,000 at the split-off point, or processed further at a cost of $800 and then sold for $4,000. The company should process further: Multiple Choice Product A. Product B. Both products. Neither of the products.

Answers

Answer:

The company should process further:

Product B.

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

Product A sales value at split-off point = $1,200

Cost of further processing of Product A = $600

Sales proceeds from Product A after further processing = $1,700

Product B sales value at split-off point = $3,000

Cost of further processing of Product B = $800

Sales proceeds from Product B after further processing = $4,000

b) There is no additional revenue gained from further processing of Product A.  Instead, there is a loss of $100 ($1,800 - $1,700).  This is unlike Product B where there is a gain of $200 ($4,000 - $3,800) from further processing.  The company's decision should be to sell Product A at split-off while further processing Product B to realize incremental revenue.

Leto Company manufactures a certain type of alloy. The alloy undergoes a hardening process. The hardening unit is operating at full capacity and is a production constraint. The unit contribution margin and the number of hours of hardening treatment used by the alloy are as follows: Unit selling price$96.80 Unit variable cost(23.50) Unit contribution margin$73.30 Hardening treatment hours per unit5 hrs. Assuming Leto produces 2,300 units of the alloy, calculate the unit contribution margin per production constraint hour.

Answers

Answer:

Leto Company

The unit contribution margin per production constraint hour is:

= $0.00637.

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

Unit selling price =              $96.80

Unit variable cost =              (23.50)

Unit contribution margin = $73.30

Hardening treatment hours per unit = 5 hours

Units of alloy produced = 2,300

Total hours spent on hardening treatment = 11,500 (5 * 2,300)

Contribution margin per production constraint hour = Unit contribution margin/Total hours spent on hardening treatment

= $0.00637 ($73.30/11,500)

b) The unit contribution margin per production constraint hour shows the contribution margin that is made per unit of the production constraint.  The production constraint is the limited input resources that are available for production.  It is a product of the units of the alloy that Leto produces and the number of hours required to produce one unit.

) when originally issued, an investment in bonds of Flushing Dough, Inc., promised to provide an annual coupon of 7.50%. The bonds have 4 years until maturity, a market price of $735, and are expected to pay all coupon on time. At maturity, however, the bonds are only forecasted to pay 84% of their par value. What is the likely yield to maturity on the bonds

Answers

Answer:

The likely yield to maturity on the bonds is 10.23%.

Explanation:

The likely yield to maturity on the bonds can be calculated using the following RATE function in Excel:

YTM = RATE(nper,pmt,-pv,fv) .............(1)

Where;

YTM = likely yield to maturity on the bonds = ?

nper = number of periods = number of years until maturity = 4

pmt = annual coupon payment = annual coupon rate * Face value = 7.50% * $1,000 = $75 = 75

pv = present value = market price = $735 = 735

fv = face value or par value of the bond = 1000

Substituting the values into equation (1), we have:

YTM = RATE(40,75,-735,1000) ............ (2)

Inputting =RATE(40,75,-735,1000) into a cell in an excel (Note: as done in the attached excel file), the YTM is obtained as 10.23%.

Therefore, the likely yield to maturity on the bonds is 10.23%.

The Bell Weather Co. is a new firm in a rapidly growing industry. The company is planning on increasing its annual dividend by 16 percent a year for the next 4 years and then decreasing the growth rate to 6 percent per year. The company just paid its annual dividend in the amount of $1.60 per share. What is the current value of one share of this stock if the required rate of return is 7.10 percent

Answers

Answer:

$287.01

Explanation:

The 2 stage dividend discount model would be used to determine the current value of the stock.

first stage

Present value in year 1 = (1.6 x 1.16) / 1.071 = 1.73

Present value in year 2 = (1.6 x 1.16²) / 1.071² = 1.88

Present value in year 3 = (1.6 x 1.16³) / 1.071³ =2.03

Present value in year 4 = (1.6 x 1.16^4) / 1.071^4 = 2.20

second stage

[ (1.6 x 1.16^4) x (1.06) ] / (0.071 - 0.06) = 279.17

Value of the stock = 1.73 + 1.88 + 2.03 + 2.20 + 279.17 = $287.01

Most managers believe that although it is possible to connect logistics decisions to costs, the
connection to revenue enhancement is difficult to impossible. Provide an example of how logistics could
improve sales.

Answers

Answer:

It can Increase Sales Predictability.

Generate Leads Consistently, and

Increase Sales Conversions.

Explanation:

The Consumer Electronics Show (CES) reports that the HP Spectre laptop computer starts at $994.00 for a base configuration. The model displayed at its recent show costs $1,353, $118 more than the comparable 13-inch Apple MacBook Air. If Computers-R-Us buys the HP Spectre at the show with 3/15, net 30 terms on August 26, how much does it need to pay on September 9

Answers

Answer: $1312.41

Explanation:

The following information can be depicted from the question:

Cost of HP Spectre laptop = $1353

Credit terms = 3/15, net 30

Therefore, since discount allowed is 3%, the complement of the discount rate will be:

= 100% - 3%

= 97%

Therefore, amount needed to pay will be:

= Listed price × Complement of discounts rate

= $1353 × 97%

= $1353 × 0.97

= $1312.41

Therefore, the amount needed to pay is $1312.41

what organization or program interests you the most?

Answers

Answer:

I love law :) what about you

I love math what do you like

Ps; sorry but may you please mark brainly im trying to level up

How can you become a driver of change

Answers

A driver of change is someone who practices the safety laws on the road. Avoid texting and driving, eating and driving, talking, etc. These can all become distractions.

Answer: 'Drivers of Change' (DoC) is an approach developed by DFID to address the lack of linkages between a country's political framework and the work of development agencies. The approach focuses on “the interplay of economic, social and political factors that support or impede' poverty reduction”.

Explanation:

Identify whether each of the following examples belongs in M1 or M2. If an example belongs in both, be sure to check both boxes.
Example M1 M2
Susan has $8,000 in a two-year certificate of deposit (CD).
Larry has a roll of quarters that he just withdrew from the bank to do laundry.
Raphael has $25,000 in a money market account.

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

The identification is as follows:

As we know that

M! money supply involved all the currecies that have physical existance i.e. notes, coins, demand deposits etc

While on the other hand, M2 involves M1 + near money i.e. mutual funds, checking deposits, money market etc  

Since Susan has 2 year CD so it would be classified as a M2 money supply

Since larry withdraw from the bank so it would be included in M1 and M2

And, since raphael has $25,000 in money market  so  would be classified as a M2 money supply

Folklore Music manufactures harmonicas. Folklore uses standard costs to judge performance. Recently, a clerk mistakenly threw away some of the records, and only partial data for July exist. Folklore knows that the total direct labor variance for the month was $350 F and that the standard labor rate was $11 per hour. A recent pay cut caused a favorable labor rate variance of $0.40 per hour. The standard direct labor hours for actual July outputs were 5,910.

Required:
a. Find the actual number of direct labor hours worked during July. First, find the actual direct labor rate per hour. Then, determine the actual number of direct labor hours worked by setting up the computation of the total direct labor variance as given.
b. Compute the direct labor rate and efficiency variances. Do these variances suggest that the manager may have made trade-offs? Explain.

Answers

Answer: See explanation

Explanation:

a. The actual direct labor rate per hour will be:

= Standard direct labor rate per hour - favorable labor rate variance

= $11 - $0.40

= $10.60

Then, the actual direct labor hours worked during July will be calculated as:

= (5910 × $11) - $350 / $10.6

= ($65010 - $350) / $10.6

= $64660 / $10.6

= 6100

b. The direct labor rate variance will be:

= (Actual rate per hour - standard rate per hour) × Actual labor hours

= (10.60 - 11.00) × 6100

= 2440F

Direct labor efficiency variance will be:

= (6900 - 5910) × $11

= 2090U

The direct labor rate variance that was favorable shows that the manager paid a lower rate to its staffs while the direct labor efficiency variance that was unfavorable implies that the manager used less efficient workers. This indicates that a trade-off took place.

= (6900

Southeast Bank invests in equity securities and prepares quarterly financial statements. At the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2019, the bank held as an investment in equity securities 160 shares of Eglan Company common stock that originally cost $4,560. At that time, these securities had a fair value of $4,320. During the fourth quarter, the bank engaged in the following transactions:

Oct. 26 Purchased 360 shares of Farrell Company common stock for $38 per share.
Nov. 26 Sold 160 shares of Eglan common stock for $26 per share.
Dec. 10 Purchased 370 shares of Gray Company common stock for $40 per share.

On December 31, 2018, the quoted market prices of the shares were as follows: Eglan Company, $52 per share; Farrell Company, $41 per share; and Gray Company, $39 per share.

Required:
a. Prepare journal entries to record the 2018 transactions for the fourth quarter.
b. Show what the bank reports on its fourth quarter 2018 income statement for these trading securities.
c. Show how the bank reports these trading securities on its balance sheet at the end of the fourth quarter of 2018.

Answers

Answer:

Southeast Bank

a. Journal Entries:

Oct. 26: Debit Investment in Farrell Company $13,680

Credit  Cash $13,680

To record the investment in 360 equity shares at $38 per share.

Nov. 26: Debit Cash $4,160

Credit Investment in Eglan Company $4,160

To record the sale of investment in Eglan Company.

Debit Realized Loss on Sale of Investment $400

Credit Investment in Eglan Company $400

To record the realized loss on sale of investment.

Dec. 10: Debit Investment in Gray Company $14,800

Cash $14,800

To record the purchase of 370 shares of common stock at $40 per share.

Dec. 31: Debit Investment in Farrell Company $1,800

Credit Unrealized Gain $1,800

To record the fair value of the investment.

Dec. 31: Debit Unrealized Loss $370

Credit Investment in Gray Company $370

To record the fair value of the investment.

b. Income Statement of fourth quarter, 2018:

Realized Loss on Sale of Investment $400

Unrealized Gain (Farrell Company) $1,800

Unrealized Loss (Gray Company) $370

c. Balance Sheet at the end of the fourth quarter of 2018

Investments:

Farrell Company $15,480 ($13,680 + $1,800)

Gray Company $ 15,170($14,800 - $370)

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

Investment in Eglan Company (equity securities 160 shares) = $4,560

Oct. 26: Investment in Farrell Company $13,680 Cash $13,680

(360 equity shares at $38 per share)

Nov. 26: Cash $4,160 Investment in Eglan Company $4,160

Realized Loss on Sale of Investment $400 Investment in Eglan Company $400

Dec. 10: Investment in Gray Company $14,800 Cash $14,800 (370 shares of common stock at $40 per share)

Dec. 31: Investment in Farrell Company $1,800 Unrealized Gain $1,800

Dec. 31: Unrealized Loss $370 Investment in Gray Company $370

The ABC Corporation is considering opening an office in a new market area that would allow it to increase its annual sales by $2.5 million. Cost of goods sold is estimated to be 40 percent of sales, and corporate overhead would increase by $300,000, not including the cost of either acquiring or leasing office space. The corporation will have to invest $2.5 million in office furniture, office equipment, and other up-front costs associated with opening the new office before considering the costs of owning or leasing the office space. A small office building could be purchased for sole use by the corporation at a total price of $3.9 million, of which $600,000 of the purchase price would represent land value, and $3.3 million would represent building value. The cost of the building would be depreciated over 39 years. The corporation is in a 30 percent tax bracket. An investor is willing to purchase the same building and lease it to the corporation for $450,000 per year for a term of 15 years, with the corporation paying all real estate operating expenses (absolute net lease). Real estate operating expenses are estimated to be 50 percent of the lease payments. Estimates are that the property value will increase over the 15-year lease term for a sale price of $4.9 million at the end of the 15 years. If the property is purchased, it would be financed with an interest-only mortgage for $2,730,000 at an interest rate of 10 percent with a balloon payment due after 15 years.
a. What is the return from opening the office building under the assumption that it is leased?
b. What is the return from opening the office building under the assumption that it is owned?
c. What is the return on the incremental cash flow from owning versus leasing?
d. In general, what other factors might the firm consider before deciding whether to lease or own?

Answers

Answer:

A. 12.02%

B. 12.56%.

C. 13.41%

D.1. How long will it take for the asset to be needed

2. How much space is needed to establish the firm.

3. How much expense will the firm incurred to help keep the assets perfectly.

Explanation:

a. Calculation to determine the return from opening the office building under the assumption that it is leased

First step is to calculate the after-tax cash flow l

Sales $2,500,000

Less Cost of goods sold $1,000,000

(40%*$2,500,000)

Gross income $1,500,000

($2,500,000-$1,000,000)

Less: Operating expense

Business expense $300,000

Real estate $225,000

(50%*$450,000)

Less: Lease payments $450,000

Interest payment-

Depreciation-

Taxable income $525,000

Less: Tax ($157,500)

(30%*$225,000)

Income after tax$367,500

($525,000-$157,500)

Add: Depreciation-

Principal-

After-tax cash flow$367,500

($525,000-$157,500)

Now let determine the return from opening the office building

Since the after tax cash flow for 15 years is the amount of $367,500 while the cash outlay is the amount of $2,500,000 using excel to determine the Internal rate of return (IRR) the return from opening the office building will be 12.02%.

Therefore the return from opening the office building under the assumption that it is leased is 12.02%

b. Calculation to determine the return from opening the office building under the assumption that it is owned.

First step is to Calculate the after-tax cash flow

Sales $2,500,000

Cost of goods sold $1,000,000

(40%*$2,500,000)

Gross income $1,500,000

($2,500,000-$1,000,000)

Less: Operating expense

Business expense $300,000

Real estate $225,000

(50%*$450,000)

Less: Lease payments

Interest payment $273,000

(10%*$2,300,000)

Less: Depreciation $84,615

Taxable income $617,385

Less: Tax at 30% $185,215

(30%*$617,385)

Income after tax $432,169

($617,385-$185,215)

Add: Depreciation$84,615

Principal0

After-tax cash flow $516,785

($432,169+$84,615)

Since the after tax cash flow for 15 years is the amount of $367,500, the residual value after 15 years is the amount of $2,006,015 calculated as ($1,489,231+$$516,785)and The cash outlay is the amount of $3,670,000 using excel to compute the Internal rate of return (IRR) the return from opening the office building

will be 12.56%.

c. Calculation to determine the return on the incremental cash flow from owning versus leasing

First step is to Calculate the difference between owning and leasing cash flows

Sales -

Cost of goods sold-

Gross income-

Less: Operating expense-

Business expense-

Real estate-

Less: Lease payments ($450,000)

Interest payment $273,000

(10%*$2,300,000)

Less: Depreciation$84,615

Taxable income $92,385

Less: Tax at 30% $27,715

(30%$92,385)

Income after tax $64,669

($92,385-$27,715)

Add: Depreciation $84,615

Principal0

After-tax cash flow $149,285

($64,669+$84,615)

Since the after-tax cash flow is the amount of $149,285 for 15 years and the cash outlay is the amount of $1,170,000 using the internal rate of return with excel the return on the incremental cash flow from owning versus leasing will be 13.41%.

d.Factors the firm might consider before deciding whether to lease or own are :

1. How long will it take for the asset to be needed

2. How much space is needed to establish the firm.

3. How much expense will the firm incurred to help keep the assets perfectly.

Fitz Company reports the following information.
Selected Annual Income Statement Data Selected Year-End Balance Sheet Data
Net income $ 374,000 Accounts receivable decrease $ 17,100
Depreciation expense 44,000 Inventory decrease 42,000
Amortization expense 7,200 Prepaid expenses increase 4,700
Gain on sale of plant assets 6,000 Accounts payable decrease 8,200
Salaries payable increase 1,200
Use the indirect method to prepare the operating activities section of its statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31.

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

The preparation of the operating activities section is presented below:

Cash flows from operating activities

Net income  $374,000

Adjustments made  

Add: Depreciation  $44,000

add: Amortisation expanses  $7,200

Add: Accounts receivable decrease  $17,100

Add: Inventory decrease  $42,000

Less: Prepaid expense increase  -$4,700

Less: Accounts payable decrease  -$8,200

Add: Wages payable increases  $1,200

Less: Gain on sale of machinery  -$6,000

Net cash provided by operating activities  $466,600

Fitz Company reports the given information. We can use the indirect method to prepare the operating activities section of its statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31. The statement is given below:

The preparation of the operating activities section is presented below:

Cash flows from operating activities

Net income $374,000

Adjustments made

Add: Depreciation $44,000

add: Amortisation expenses $7,200

Add: Accounts receivable decrease $17,100

Add: Inventory decrease $42,000

Less: Prepaid expense increase $4,700

Less Accounts payable decrease $8,200 Add: Wages payable Increases $1,200

Less: Gain on sale of machinery $6,000

Net cash provided by operating activities $466,600

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Suppose a drop in the compensating wage differential between risky jobs and safe jobs has been observed. Two explanations have been put forward: • Engineering advances have made it less costly to create a safe working environment. • The phenomenal success of a new reality show Die on the Job! has imbued millions of viewers with a romantic perception of work-related fatal risks. Using demand and supply diagrams of risky jobs, show how each of the two developments can explain the drop in the compensating wage differential. Can information on the number of workers employed in the risky occupation help determine which explanation is more plausible?

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

As shown in the question above, the advancement of engineering has allowed it to be cheaper for a company to promote a safe environment for professionals than to pay a higher salary for the risk they run within the work environment. This causes companies to modify the offer of risky jobs, as a way of reducing expenses. However, due to wage compensation, the demand for these jobs remains high, because professionals are attracted to compensation. To stop this demand, companies promote a compensation differential, which modifies the demand curve by decreasing it, which means that fewer people will look for these jobs.

The following information was obtained from the records of Appleton Corporation during 2018.

Manufacturing Overhead was applied at a rate of 100 percent of direct labor dollars.
Beginning value of inventory follows:

Beginning Work in Process Inventory, $9,000.
Beginning Finished Goods Inventory, $12,000.

During the period, Work in Process Inventory decreased by 20 percent, and Finished Goods Inventory increased by 25 percent.
Actual manufacturing overhead costs were $88,000.
Sales were $418,000
Adjusted Cost of Goods Sold was $302,000.

Required:
Use the preceding information to find the missing values in the following table:

Item Amount
Direct Materials Used
Direct labor
Manufacturing Overhead Applied 85,000
Total Current Manufactoring Costs
Plus: Begining work in process inventory 9,000
Less: Ending Work in process inventory
Cost of goods manufactured
Plus: Beginning finished goos inventory 12,000
Less: Ending Finished goods inventory
Unadjusted cost of goods sold
Overhead Adjustment
Adjusted Cost of Goods Sold $319,000

Answers

Answer:

See below

Explanation:

Items

Direct materials used

($300,200 - $85,000 - $85,000)

$130,200

Direct labor ($85,000/100%)

$85,000

Manufacturing overhead applied $85,000

Total current manufacturing costs

($302,000 + $7,200 - $9,000)

$300,200

Plus: Beginning work in process inventory

$9,000

Less: Ending work in process inventory

($9,000 × 80%)

$7,200

Cost of goods manufactured

($299,000 + $15,000 - $12,000)

$302,000

Plus: Beginning finished goods inventory

$12,000

Less: Ending finished goods inventory

($12,000 × 125%)

$15,000

Unadjusted cost of goods sold ($302,000 - $3,000)

$299,000

Add: Overhead adjustment ($88,000 - $85,000)

$3,000

Adjusted cost of goods sold

$302,000

Using the preceding information to find the missing values in the following table, titled Production Cost Schedule, is as below.

What is a Production Cost Schedule?

A production cost schedule is a cost schedule or table that shows the total costs of production at different levels of input and output.

For example, the missing values in the Production Cost Schedule are as follows:

Direct Materials Used                               $152,000

Direct labor                                                   85,000

Manufacturing Overhead Applied               85,000

Total Current Manufacturing Costs          322,000

Plus: Begining work in process inventory    9,000

Less: Ending Work in process inventory    12,000

Cost of goods manufactured                    319,000

Plus: Beginning finished goods inventory  12,000

Less: Ending Finished goods inventory     15,000

Unadjusted cost of goods sold                316,000

Overhead Adjustment                                  3,000

Adjusted Cost of Goods Sold                $319,000

Data and Calculations:

Actual manufacturing overhead costs = $88,000

Adjusted cost of goods sold = $302,000

Work in Process

Beginning Balance $9,000

Ending balance = $10,800 ($9,000 x 1.20)

Finished Goods

Beginning Balance $12,000

Ending balance = $15,000 ($12,000 x 1.25)

Missing Values Table

Direct Materials Used                                 152,000 ($322,000 - $85,000 - $85,000)

Direct labor                                                  85,000 ($85,000/100%)

Manufacturing Overhead Applied             85,000

Total Current Manufactoring Costs         322,000 ($319,000 + $12,000 - 9,000)

Plus: Begining work in process inventory   9,000

Less: Ending Work in process inventory   12,000

Cost of goods manufactured                   319,000 ($316,000 +$15,000 - $12,000)

Plus: Beginning finished goods inventory 12,000

Less: Ending Finished goods inventory    15,000

Unadjusted cost of goods sold                316,000 ($319,000 - $3,000)

Overhead Adjustment                                  3,000 ($88,000 - $85,000)

Adjusted Cost of Goods Sold                $319,000

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A new firm is developing its business plan. It will require $565,000 of assets, and it projects $452,800 of sales and $354,300 of operating costs for the first year. Management is quite sure of these numbers because of contracts with its customers and suppliers. It can borrow at a rate of 7.5%, but the bank requires it to have a TIE of at least 4.0, and if the TIE falls below this level the bank will call in the loan and the firm will go bankrupt. What is the maximum debt-to-assets ratio the firm can use

Answers

Answer:

58.11%

Explanation:

Sales = $452,800

Operating costs= 354,300

Operating Income (EBIT) = $98,500

TIE= 4.00

Maximum interest expense= EBIT/TIE= $24,625

Interest rate= 7.50%

Max. debt =Max interest/Interest rate = $328,333

Maximum debt ratio=Debt/ Assets= 58.11%

Meritor, a company that makes muffler assemblies for the automotive industry, is committed to the use of kanban to pull material through its manufacturing cells. Meritor has designed each cell to fabricate a specific family of muffler products. Fabricating a muffler assembly involves cutting and bending pieces of pipe that are welded to a muffler and a catalytic converter. The mufflers and catalytic converters are pulled into the cell based on current demand. The catalytic converters are made in a specialized cell.
Catalytic converters are made in batches of 10 units and are moved in special hand carts to the fabrication cells. The catalytic converter cell is designed so that different types of catalytic converters can be made with virtually no setup loss.
Meritor hires a team of consultants. The consultants suggest a partial robotic automation as well as the safety stock to be 12.5 percent. Meritor implements these suggestions. The result is an increase in efficiency in both the fabrication of muffler assembly and the making of catalytic converters. The muffler assembly fabrication cell averages 16 assemblies per hour and the lead time is two hours’ response time for a batch of 10 catalytic converters. How many kanban cards are needed? (Round up your answer to the next whole number.)

Answers

Answer: See explanation

Explanation:

The number of kanban cards that are needed can be calculated below:

Average demand, D = 16

Lead time, L = 2 hours

Safety stock, S = 12.5% = 0.125

Catalytic converters, C = 10

Using the formula, =DL(1+S) / C

= 16×2(1 + 0.125) / 10

= 32(1.125) / 10

= 36 / 10

= 3.6

= 4 approximately

Therefore, 4 kanban cards are needed.

A new-task buying in business market ____________. Group of answer choices is characterized by uncertainty and high perceived risk is not possible when the buyer is a business customer is similar to habitual decision making in the consumer market begins with evaluating potential vendor proposals is essentially a low involvement buying situation

Answers

Answer: begins with evaluating potential vendor proposals

Explanation:

A new-task buying in business refers to when a company is buying a good for the first time and so have no experience in the matter and do not have selected vendors that they can trust more in this endeavour.

In that case, the best first step would be to evaluate the proposals of different vendors so that the company can see which one would serve its needs best based on the different parameters that they have. They can then begin to source goods from that vendor after further scrutinization.

EZ-Tax is a tax accounting practice with partners and staff members. Each billable hour of partner time has a $800 budgeted price and $375 budgeted variable cost. Each billable hour of staff time has a budgeted price of $210 and a budgeted variable cost of $120. For the most recent year, the partnership budget called for 5,000 billable partner-hours and 20,000 staff-hours. Actual results were as follows:

Partner revenue $4264,000 5200 hours
Staff revenue $4510,000 22,000 hours

Required
Compute the sales price and activity variances for these data. Also compute the mix and quantity variances.

Answers

Answer:

EZ-Tax

                                                      Partner                 Staff             Total

a. Sales price variance             $104,000            ($110,000)      ($6,000) U

b. Activity variance                   $160,000           $420,000     $580,000 F

c. Mix variance                           $85,000           $180,000     $265,000 F

d. Quantity variance                $189,000             $70,000     $259,000 F

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

                                                      Partner                 Staff

Budgeted billable rate per hour   $800                    $210    

Budgeted variable cost per hour    375                      120

Budgeted billable hours              5,000                20,000

Budgeted revenue             $4,000,000        $4,200,000

Budgeted variable cost         1,875,000          2,400,000

Actual revenue                  $4,264,000         $4,510,000

Actual billable hours                   5,200                22,000

Actual billable rate per hour       $820                   $205

Budgeted billable rate per hour $800                    $210

Variance in price                           $20                       ($5)

Sales price variance            $104,000            ($110,000)      ($6,000)

Sales price variance = (Standard price - Actual price) * Actual billable hours

= ($800 - $820) * 5,200 + ($210 - $205) * 22,000

= $20 * 5,200 + ($5) * 22,000

= $104,000 - 110,000

= $6,000 U

Activity variance = (Actual billable hours - Standard billable hours) * Standard rate

= (5,200 - 5,000) * $800 + (22,000 - 20,000) * $210

= (200 * $800) + (2,000 * 210)

= $160,000 + 420,000

= $580,000 F

                                                  Partner                 Staff        Total

Budgeted revenue             $4,000,000        $4,200,000   $8,200,000

Budgeted variable cost         1,875,000          2,400,000      4,275,000

Budgeted contribution       $2,125,000         $1,800,000   $3,925,000

Actual revenue                  $4,264,000         $4,510,000   $8,774,000

Actual variable cost              1,950,000          2,640,000    4,590,000

Actual contribution             $2,314,000         $1,870,000   $4,184,000

Quantity variance                 $189,000              $70,000     $259,000

Quantity variance = Budgeted contribution - Actual contribution

= $3,925,000 - $4,184,000

= $259,000 F

Mix Variance:

Standard contribution margin  $425                  $90

Volume variance                         200                2,000

Mix variance =                     $85,000           $180,000

g A manufacturer is considering replacing a production machine tool. The new machine would cost $3700, have a life of four years, have no salvage value, and save the firm $500 per year in direct labor cost and $200 per year indirect labor costs. The existing machine tool was purchased four years ago at a cost of $4000. It will last four more years and have no salvage value at the end of that time. It could be sold now for $1000 cash. Assume money is worth 8%, and that the difference in taxes, insurance, and so forth, for the two alternatives is negligible. Determine whether or not the new machine should be purchased

Answers

Answer:

The new machine should not be purchased

Explanation:

Calculation to determine whether or not the new machine should be purchased

Calculation for the New Machine

EUAC = $3,700 (A/P, 8%, 4) - $500 - $200

EUAC= $3,700 (0.3019) - $700

EUAC=$1,117.03+$700

EUAC= $417.03

Calculation for EXISTING MACHINE

EUAC = $1,000 (A/P, 8%, 4)

EUAC= $1,000 (0.3019)

EUAC= $301.90

Therefore based on the above calculation The new machine should NOT be purchased reason been that it is more COSTLIER than the Existing Machine

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