PLEASE HELP! Which of the points plotted is farther away from (4, 4), and what is the distance?


Point (4, −5), and it is 9 units away

Point (4, −5), and it is 11 units away

Point (−7, 4), and it is 9 units away

Point (−7, 4), and it is 11 units away

The amount of money Daniel received is $360 less than Ethan.

Let's start by using variables to represent the unknown amounts of money each person received.

From the first sentence, we know that:

D + E + F = 1080

We also know from the second sentence that:

F = 5/9 * E

We can use this information to substitute F in terms of E in the first equation:

D + E + (5/9 * E) = 1080

Combining like terms:

D + (14/9 * E) = 1080

Next, we know that Ethan and Daniel spent half of their money on toys, so they each have (1/2) of their original amounts left.

Fred's amount is not affected, so we can modify the first equation to represent the total amount of money they have left:

(1/2D) + (1/2E) + F = 630

Substituting F = 5/9 * E:

(1/2D) + (7/18E) = 630

Multiplying both sides by 2 to eliminate the fraction:

D + (7/9 * E) = 1260

Now we have two equations involving D and E. We can use algebra to solve for one of the variables, and then use that result to find the other variable and answer the question.

First, we can isolate D in the first equation:

D + (14/9 * E) = 1080

D = 1080 - (14/9 * E)

Then we can substitute this expression for D in the second equation:

(1080 - (14/9 * E)) + (7/9 * E) = 1260

Simplifying and solving for E:

E = 540

Now we can use either equation to find D:

D + (14/9 * 540) = 1080

D = 180

Finally, we can answer the question by finding the difference between Daniel and Ethan's amounts:

D - E = 180 - 540 = -360

Since the result is negative, it means that Daniel received $360 less than Ethan. Therefore, Ethan received $360 more than Daniel.

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The critical numbers of the function s(t) = 3t⁴ - 20t³ - 6t² are: t = -0.193 (smallest value), t = 0, and t = 5.193 (largest value).

To find the critical numbers of the function s(t) = 3t⁴ - 20t³ - 6t², we first need to find the derivative of the function and then set it equal to zero.

Step 1: Find the derivative of s(t):
s'(t) = d/dt(3t⁴ - 20t³ - 6t²)

Using the power rule, we get:
s'(t) = 12t³ - 60t² - 12t

Step 2: Set the derivative equal to zero and solve for t:
12t³ - 60t² - 12t = 0

Factor out the greatest common factor (12t):
12t(t² - 5t - 1) = 0

Now we have two factors to find the roots:
12t = 0 and t² - 5t - 1 = 0

From the first factor, we get t = 0.

For the second factor, use the quadratic formula to solve for t:
[tex]t=\frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}{2 a}[/tex]

In this case, a = 1, b = -5, and c = -1:
[tex]t=\frac{-(-5) \pm \sqrt{(-5)^2-4 (1) (-1)}}{2 (1)}[/tex]
[tex]t=\frac{1}{2}(5 \pm \sqrt{29})[/tex]

Now we have three critical numbers:
t = 0
[tex]t=\frac{1}{2}(5 \pm \sqrt{29})[/tex]

Rounded to three decimal places:
t = -0.193 (smallest value)
t = 0
t = 5.193 (largest value)

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"yes" because of the wording "pay for the costs of cancer institutions." A better question may be "Should companies be held financially responsible for the negative health effects of their products?"

Examine each of the following questions for possible bias. If you think the question is biased, indicate how and propose a better question:
a) Should companies that promote teen smoking be liable to help pay for the costs of cancer institutions?
A. The question is biased toward "yes" because of the wording "promote teen smoking." A better question may be "Should companies be responsible for the healthcare costs associated with their products?"
B. The question is biased toward "yes" because of the wording "pay for the costs of cancer institutions." A better question may be "Should companies be held financially responsible for the negative health effects of their products?"
C. The question is biased toward "no" because of the wording "promote teen smoking." A better question may be "Should companies be held accountable for their marketing strategies that target young people?"
D. There is no indication of bias.

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The limit of the function 2cosx as x approaches infinity does not exist.

Explanation: -

The limit of 2cos(x) as x approaches infinity is undefined or DNE. This is because the cosine function oscillates between -1 and 1 as x increases indefinitely. Therefore, the product of 2 and cos(x) also oscillates between -2 and 2, never approaching a specific value or limit.

To better understand why the limit is undefined, consider the definition of a limit: a limit exists if the function approaches a single value as the input approaches a particular value. However, in the case of 2cos(x), the output values fluctuate between -2 and 2, never settling down to approach a single value.

In mathematical terms, we can show that the limit of 2cos(x) as x approaches infinity is undefined using the ε-δ definition of a limit.

Suppose we take ε = 1/2. Then, for any δ > 0, we can always find x₁, x₂ > δ such that |2cos(x₁) - 2cos(x₂)| = 4|sin((x₁ + x₂)/2)sin((x₁ - x₂)/2)| ≥ 2 > ε. This violates the definition of a limit, which requires that for any ε > 0,

there exists a δ > 0 such that |2cos(x) - L| < ε whenever 0 < |x - c| < δ. Therefore, the limit of 2cos(x) as x approaches infinity is undefined or DNE.

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The value of (1+tan2A)(1-sec A)(1+sec A) is 1.

We can simplify the given expression using the trigonometric identities:

tan2A = 2tanA/(1-tan²A) and sec A = 1/cos A.

To simplify the given expression (1+tan²A)(1-secA)(1+secA), we can start by using trigonometric identities to express the terms in the expression in terms of a single trigonometric function.

Substituting these values, we get:

(1+tan2A)(1-sec A)(1+sec A)

= [1+2tanA/(1-tan²A)][1-1/cos A][1+1/cos A]

= [1-tan²A+2tanA][cos A-1/cos²A]

= [sec²A+2tanA][cos²A-1/cos²A]

= [sec²A+2tanA][sin²A/cos²A]

= [1/cos²A+2sinA/cosA][sin²A/cos²A]

= sin²A/cos²A

= 1

Therefore, the value of (1+tan2A)(1-sec A)(1+sec A) is 1.

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The domain of the function P(d) is the set of all days in the month of June, while the range is the set of all possible percentages completed in the course, ranging from 0 to 100.

Firstly, let's understand what the term "domain" means in mathematics. The domain of a function is a set of all possible input values, for which the function is defined. In simpler terms, it is the set of all values that can be plugged into the function to get a valid output.

In this scenario, P(d) represents the percentage of the course completed on day d in June. So, the input values (days in June) form the domain of the function P(d). But, what is the range of this function?

The range of a function is the set of all possible output values that the function can produce for the given domain. In this case, the output of the function P(d) is the percentage of the course completed. As we know, the percentage can range from 0 to 100. Therefore, the range of the function P(d) is [0, 100].

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The measure of ML is 4.74

Pythagoras theorem states that; The sum of the square of the two legs of a right angled triangle is equal to the square of the other sides.

This means that if a and b are the two legs of a triangle and c is the hypotenuse, then,

c² = a² +b²

Therefore is a circle theorem that states that the line from the centre of the circle that joins a tangent forms 90° with the tangent.

This means that ∆JKL is a right angled triangle.

14² = 10.3²+ML²

(JL)² =14² - 10.3²

(JL)² = 196 - 106.09

(JL)²= 89.91

JL = √ 89.91

JL = 9.48

ML = JL/2 = 9.48/2

= 4.74

Therefore the measure of ML is 4.74

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The arithmetic formula (C) (n)=-1+2n for n≥2 would represent the given arithmetic sequence 3,5,7,9,...

A progression or sequence of numbers known as an arithmetic sequence maintains a consistent difference between each succeeding term and its predecessor.

An ordered group of numbers with a shared difference between each succeeding word is known as an arithmetic sequence.

For instance, the common difference in the arithmetic series 3, 9, 15, 21, and 27 is 6.

An arithmetic progression is another name for an arithmetic sequence.

Using the method for locating the nth term, we can locate a particular term in an arithmetic series.

An arithmetic sequence's nth term is determined by the formula a = a + (n - 1)d.

Therefore, enter the values a = 2 and d = 3 into the formula to determine the nth term.

So, since in the given sequence, we know that:

3,5,7,9,..,

Common difference = 5 - 3 = 2

Then, n has to be 2.

Which is in option (C) where (n)=-1+2n for n≥2.

Therefore, the arithmetic formula (C) (n)=-1+2n for n≥2 would represent the given arithmetic sequence 3,5,7,9,...

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The probability of z being between -2 and 1.4 is approximately 0.8964.

Using a standard normal table or a calculator, we can find the probabilities associated with a standard normal distribution.

The probability of z being between -2 and 1.4 can be calculated as:

P(-2 < z < 1.4) = P(z < 1.4) - P(z < -2)

Looking at the standard normal distribution table, we can find that P(z < 1.4) = 0.9192 and P(z < -2) = 0.0228.

Therefore,

P(-2 < z < 1.4) = P(z < 1.4) - P(z < -2)

= 0.9192 - 0.0228

= 0.8964

Hence, the probability of z being between -2 and 1.4 is approximately 0.8964.

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The form y = a(0.5)ˣ, where a is a constant that scales the function.

Exponential decay is a mathematical concept that describes a function that decreases at a constant rate over time or space. In other words, the function decreases by a fixed proportion with each unit increase in the input variable. This type of decay can be observed in many natural phenomena, such as radioactive decay, population growth, and the decay of a charge on a capacitor or the decay of the amplitude of a sound wave.

Sure, here is an example of exponential decay:

Suppose you have a substance with an initial mass of 100 grams, and its half-life is 10 days. After 10 days, half of the substance will have decayed, leaving you with 50 grams. After another 10 days, half of the remaining substance will have decayed, leaving you with 25 grams, and so on.

The mass of the substance after t days can be modeled by the exponential decay equation:

m(t) = 100 * (1/2[tex])^{(t/10)[/tex]

where m(t) is the mass of the substance after t days.

So, for example, after 20 days:

m(20) = 100 * (1/2[tex])^{(20/10)[/tex] = 100 * (1/2)² = 25 grams

And after 30 days:

m(30) = 100 * (1/2[tex])^{(30/10)[/tex]= 100 * (1/2)³ = 12.5 grams

As you can see, the mass of the substance decreases exponentially over time.

The graph in the given image shows an example of exponential decay. It is a decreasing curve that approaches the x-axis but never touches it. As the input value (x) increases, the value of the function (y) decreases by a fixed factor of 0.5 with each unit increase in x. This is consistent with the formula for exponential decay, where the function value decreases exponentially as a function of the input value. In this case, the function is likely of the form y = a(0.5)ˣ, where a is a constant that scales the function.

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The heart rate is expected to decrease by 0.5 units as the run speed increases by 1 unit, holding body weight constant.

Regression is a statistical technique used in finance, investing, and other fields that aims to ascertain the nature and strength of the relationship between a single dependent variable (often represented by Y) and a number of additional factors (sometimes referred to as independent variables).

According to the given multiple regression model for predicted heart rate:

heart rate = 10 - 0.5 run speed + 13 body weight

To determine the expected increase in heart rate as the run speed increases by 1 unit, we can calculate the partial derivative of heart rate with respect to run speed, while holding body weight constant:

∂heart rate/∂run speed = -0.5

This means that, on average, for every 1 unit increase in run speed (while holding body weight constant), the predicted heart rate is expected to decrease by 0.5 beats per minute.

Note that the negative sign indicates an inverse relationship between run speed and heart rate, meaning that as run speed increases, heart rate is expected to decrease.

So, the expected change in heart rate due to a 1-unit increase in run speed (holding body weight constant) is a decrease of 0.5 beats per minute.

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Answer:

X over 2

Step-by-step explanation:

Half the value of x is 0.5 × x, which is 1/2 × x,

which by multiplying gives x/2.

The z-score for which the area to its left is 0.27, using a TI-84 Plus calculator, is approximately -0.61.

To find the z-score for which the area to its left is 0.27 using a TI-84 Plus calculator, follow these steps:

1. Turn on the calculator and press the "2ND" key followed by the "VARS" key to access the distribution menu.
2. Scroll down to "3:invNorm(" and press "ENTER". This function computes the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution.
3. Enter the area to the left of the z-score, which is 0.27, followed by a closing parenthesis ")" and press "ENTER".
4. The calculator will display the z-score rounded to two decimal places, which is approximately -0.61.

This process utilizes the inverse normal cumulative distribution function (invNorm) to compute the z-score for the given area to its left.

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A sample event space outcome experiment is any collection of outcomes from a probability experiment.

Explanation: In probability theory, a sample space refers to the set of all possible outcomes of a random experiment. A sample event is a subset of the sample space, representing a specific set of outcomes that we are interested in. The probability of an event is the likelihood of it occurring, given the sample space and any relevant information. Therefore, a sample event space outcome experiment is simply a selection of outcomes from a probability experiment that is defined by its sample space.

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The correct statement for confidence interval of 90% with proportion of 0.63 ± 0.04 is in repeated sampling 90% of sample proportions will fall in  interval (0.59, 0.67).

A confidence interval is an interval estimate that gives a range of plausible values for a population parameter.

Here, the proportion of residents in favor of building a community center.

A 90% confidence interval means that if we repeated the sampling process many times.

Expect 90% of the resulting intervals to contain the true population proportion.

The interval (0.63 ± 0.04) suggests that the point estimate of the proportion is 0.63 and the margin of error is 0.04.

This implies, the confidence interval is (0.59, 0.67).

This means that if we repeated the sampling process many times and constructed a confidence interval each time.

90% of the resulting intervals would contain the true population proportion.

⇒ statement 2 is correct, while statements 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect.

Therefore, the correct statement is for repeated sampling 90% confidence interval of sample proportions will fall in interval (0.59, 0.67).

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The answer that correctly represents the sequence described is:

-15, -9, -3, 3, 9, ...

In mathematics, a sequence is an ordered list of numbers, called terms, that follow a certain pattern or rule. The terms of a sequence are usually indexed by natural numbers, starting from some fixed initial value.

A sequence can be either finite or infinite. A finite sequence has a fixed number of terms, while an infinite sequence goes on indefinitely. Sequences can be defined in many ways, such as explicitly giving the formula for each term or defining a recursive formula that describes how to calculate each term from the previous ones.

The sequence described in the problem can be generated by starting with -15 and repeatedly adding 6 to the previous term. So the first few terms of the sequence are:

-15, -15 + 6 = -9, -9 + 6 = -3, -3 + 6 = 3, 3 + 6 = 9, ...

In general, we can write the nth term of the sequence as:

aₙ = aₙ₋₁ + 6

where a₁ = -15 is the first term.

Using this recursive formula, we can find any term in the sequence by adding 6 to the previous term.

Therefore, the answer that correctly represents the sequence described is:

-15, -9, -3, 3, 9, ...

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Circle charts are most suitable for categorical data, where each data point belongs to a specific category or group.

A circle chart, also known as a pie chart, is a graphical representation of data that divides a circle into sectors or wedges, with each sector representing a proportion or percentage of the whole.

A histogram is a graphical representation of the distribution of a numerical variable, where the data is grouped into intervals or "bins" and plotted as bars on a frequency scale.

According to the given information :

The best graphical representation for the given data on the number of carbohydrates from 10 different tortilla sandwich wraps sold in a grocery store would be a histogram, as it is a continuous numerical variable. Histograms provide a visual representation of the distribution of the data by grouping the values into intervals or "bins" and displaying the frequency or count of data points falling into each bin. This allows us to easily see the range, shape, and spread of the data.

Circle charts are most suitable for categorical data, where each data point belongs to a specific category or group. Line plots are suitable for displaying changes over time or across different conditions, and stem-and-leaf plots are useful for showing the distribution of small data sets, but they may not be as effective for larger data sets.

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The axis of symmetry of the graph of the function f(x)=-x²-6x+8 is x=-3.

The axis of symmetry is a line that divides a shape into two identical halves, such that if one half is folded over the other, they would perfectly overlap. In mathematics, it is often used to describe the symmetry of a parabola, where the axis of symmetry is a vertical line passing through the vertex of the parabola.

A function is a rule that assigns a unique output value to each input value. It is a relationship between a set of inputs and a set of possible outputs with the property that each input is related to exactly one output.

The axis of symmetry of the graph of the function f(x) = -x² - 6x + 8 can be determined using the vertex form of a quadratic function.

f(x) = a(x - h)² + k

where "a" is the coefficient of x², and (h, k) is the vertex of the parabola.

In the given function f(x) = -x² - 6x + 8, we can rewrite it in vertex form as:

f(x) = -(x² + 6x) + 8

Now, to complete the square and express the quadratic term as a perfect square trinomial, we need to add and subtract the square of half of the coefficient of x, which is (6/2)² = 9:

f(x) = -(x²+ 6x + 9 - 9) + 8

f(x) = -(x² + 6x + 9) + 9 + 8

f(x) = -(x + 3)² + 17

Now, we can see that the vertex of the parabola is (-3, 17), which represents the axis of symmetry of the graph. Therefore, the axis of symmetry of the graph of the function f(x) = -x² - 6x + 8 is x = -3.

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Maximum value of f(x,y) on the triangular region D is 2 and the minimum value is 4/3.

We can use the method of Lagrange multipliers.

First, we need to find the critical points of the function f(x,y) inside the region D. These points satisfy the system of equations:

∂f/∂x = 1 - y = λ ∂g/∂x = λ

∂f/∂y = 1 - x = λ ∂g/∂y = λ

g(x,y) = x + y - xy = 0

Solving the system, we get the critical points (0,0), (2,2), and (2/3, 4/3).

Next, we need to check the values of f(x,y) at the vertices of the triangular region. We get:

f(0,0) = 0

f(0,2) = 2

f(4,0) = 4

Finally, we compare all the values of f(x,y) found above and choose the maximum and minimum values. We get:

Maximum value: f(2,2) = 2

Minimum value: f(2/3, 4/3) = 4/3

Therefore, the maximum value of f(x,y) on the triangular region D is 2 and the minimum value is 4/3.

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The original price of the computer game is given as follows:

$105.

The original price of the computer game is obtained applying the proportions in the context of the problem.

We have that a reduction in 40% in the price of the game is equivalent to a reduction of $42, meaning that $42 is 40% of the original price, hence the original price is obtained as follows:

0.40x = 42

x = 42/0.4

x = $105.

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D. Subdivision

"Subdivisions describe the division of the beat into evenly sized segments, denoted by a number. A two-note subdivision divides the beat into two (even) parts, while a six-note subdivision divides it into six." - Internet

The probability density function of Y is f_Y(y) = λ * [tex]e^{(Y - λ * e^Y)}[/tex] for y ∈ (-∞, ∞), and 0 elsewhere.

To find the probability density function (pdf) of Y, we'll use the following steps:
Step 1: Write down the pdf of X
Given that X follows an exponential distribution with parameter lambda (λ), the pdf of X is:
f_X(x) = λ * [tex]e^{(-λx)}[/tex] for x ≥ 0, and 0 elsewhere.
Step 2: Write down the transformation equation
Y is given as the natural logarithm of X:
Y = ln(X)
Step 3: Find the inverse transformation
To find the inverse transformation, solve the above equation for X:
X = [tex]e^Y[/tex]
Step 4: Find the derivative of the inverse transformation with respect to Y
Differentiate X with respect to Y:
dX/dY = [tex]e^Y[/tex]
Step 5: Substitute the pdf of X and the derivative into the transformation formula
The transformation formula for the pdf of Y is:
f_Y(y) = f_X(x) * |dX/dY|
Substituting the pdf of X and the derivative, we get:
f_Y(y) = (λ *[tex]e^{(-λ * e^Y))}[/tex] * |[tex]e^Y[/tex]|

Step 6: Simplify the expression
Combining the terms, we get the probability density function of Y:
f_Y(y) = λ * [tex]e^{(Y - λ * e^Y)}[/tex] for y ∈ (-∞, ∞), and 0 elsewhere.

The complete question is:-

Suppose X ~ Exp(λ) and Y = In X. Find the probability density function pf Y.

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The probability density function of Y is f_Y(y) = λ * [tex]e^{(Y - λ * e^Y)}[/tex] for y ∈ (-∞, ∞), and 0 elsewhere.

To find the probability density function (pdf) of Y, we'll use the following steps:
Step 1: Write down the pdf of X
Given that X follows an exponential distribution with parameter lambda (λ), the pdf of X is:
f_X(x) = λ * [tex]e^{(-λx)}[/tex] for x ≥ 0, and 0 elsewhere.
Step 2: Write down the transformation equation
Y is given as the natural logarithm of X:
Y = ln(X)
Step 3: Find the inverse transformation
To find the inverse transformation, solve the above equation for X:
X = [tex]e^Y[/tex]
Step 4: Find the derivative of the inverse transformation with respect to Y
Differentiate X with respect to Y:
dX/dY = [tex]e^Y[/tex]
Step 5: Substitute the pdf of X and the derivative into the transformation formula
The transformation formula for the pdf of Y is:
f_Y(y) = f_X(x) * |dX/dY|
Substituting the pdf of X and the derivative, we get:
f_Y(y) = (λ *[tex]e^{(-λ * e^Y))}[/tex] * |[tex]e^Y[/tex]|

Step 6: Simplify the expression
Combining the terms, we get the probability density function of Y:
f_Y(y) = λ * [tex]e^{(Y - λ * e^Y)}[/tex] for y ∈ (-∞, ∞), and 0 elsewhere.

The complete question is:-

Suppose X ~ Exp(λ) and Y = In X. Find the probability density function pf Y.

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a) The family should expect to sell the property for: $19,026.90.

b) The family should expect to sell the property for: $670,432.

The rate of change for each case is a percentage, hence exponential functions are used to model each situation.

For item a, the function has an initial value of 29000 and decays 10% a year, hence the value after x years is given as follows:

y = 29000(0.9)^x.

In the 4th year, the value is given as follows:

y = 29000 x (0.9)^4

y = $19,026.90.

For item b, the function has an initial value of 435500 and increases 4% a year, hence hence the value after x years is given as follows:

y = 435500(1.04)^x.

Then the value in 11 years is given as follows:

y = 435500(1.04)^11

y = $670,432.

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a. The probability that wave height is at most 0.5 m is 0.612.

b. The probability that wave height exceeds its mean value by more than one standard deviation is 0.262.

c. The median of the wave-height distribution is 0.657 m.

d. The 90th percentile of the wave-height distribution is 1.512 m.


1. To find the probability of wave height being at most 0.5 m, calculate the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the Weibull distribution with α = 1.817 and β = 0.863: F(x) = 1 - e^(-(x/β)^α). Plug in x=0.5 to find the probability.

2. To find the probability that wave height exceeds its mean value by more than one standard deviation, calculate the mean (μ) and standard deviation (σ) of the Weibull distribution, and find the probability using CDF: 1 - F(μ + σ).

3. To find the median, use the quantile function: β(-ln(1 - 0.5))^(1/α).

4. To find the 90th percentile, use the quantile function again: β(-ln(1 - 0.9))^(1/α).

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The exponential function would be vertically compressed by a factor of 1/2, translated right 3 and down 1

Given data ,

Let the parent function be represented as f ( x ) = 4ˣ

And , let the transformed function be y' = 2 ( 4 )⁽ˣ⁻³⁾ + 1

Now , the given function y = 2 ( 4 )⁽ˣ⁻³⁾ + 1 is a transformation of the original function y = 4^x.

Vertical Compression: The coefficient of 2 in front of (4)ˣ in the new function y = 2(4)^x−3 results in a vertical compression by a factor of 1/2 compared to the original function.

Horizontal Translation: The "-3" inside the exponent of (4)ˣ in the new function results in a horizontal translation to the right by 3 units compared to the original function.

Vertical Translation: The "+1" at the end of the new function results in a vertical translation downward by 1 unit compared to the original function

Hence , the function is transformed to y' = 2 ( 4 )⁽ˣ⁻³⁾ + 1

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Answer:

a) 87.2 b)84.2

Step-by-step explanation:

[tex]14a)\\tan(74)=\frac{x}{25} \\x=tan(74)*25\\x= 87.2\\\\\\b) tan(46)=\frac{87.2}{x} \\\\ x= \frac{87.2}{tan(46)} \\ x= 84.2[/tex]

(a) The expected value of the height obtained using the instrument once is 200 feet and the variance is 400 square feet.

Let X be the height obtained using the instrument once.

Then X can take on the values of 198, 199, 200, 201, or 202 with equal probabilities of 1/5 each.

The expected value of X is given by:

E(X) = ΣxP(X=x) = (198)(1/5) + (199)(1/5) + (200)(1/5) + (201)(1/5) + (202)(1/5) = 200

The variance of X is given by:

Var(X) = E(X^2) - [E(X)]^2

To find E(X^2), we have:

E(X^2) = Σx^2P(X=x) = (198^2)(1/5) + (199^2)(1/5) + (200^2)(1/5) + (201^2)(1/5) + (202^2)(1/5) = 40000/5 = 8000

Thus, the variance of X is:

Var(X) = 8000 - (200)^2 = 400

Therefore, the expected value of the height obtained using the instrument once is 200 feet and the variance is 400 square feet.

(b) The estimated probability that in 18 independent measurements of the tower, the average of the measurements is between 199 and 201, inclusive, is approximately 0.8664.

Let X1, X2, ..., X18 be the heights obtained in 18 independent measurements of the tower. Then, the sample mean of these measurements, denoted by X-bar, is given by:

X-bar = (X1 + X2 + ... + X18)/18

The expected value of X-bar is the same as the expected value of a single measurement, which is 200 feet. The variance of X-bar is given by:

Var(X-bar) = Var(X1 + X2 + ... + X18)/18^2

Since the measurements are independent, we have:

Var(X1 + X2 + ... + X18) = Var(X1) + Var(X2) + ... + Var(X18)

                                    = 18(400) = 7200

Therefore, the variance of X-bar is:

Var(X-bar) = 7200/18^2 = 20/9

To estimate the probability that X-bar is between 199 and 201, we standardize X-bar by subtracting its mean and dividing by its standard deviation:

Z = (X-bar - 200)/(2/3) = 3(X-bar - 200)/2

Then, we have:

P(199 ≤ X-bar ≤ 201) = P(-1.5 ≤ Z ≤ 1.5) ≈ 0.8664

Therefore, the estimated probability that in 18 independent measurements of the tower, the average of the measurements is between 199 and 201, inclusive, is approximately 0.8664.

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The resulting region in the plane is a shaded annulus centered at the origin, with inner radius 2 and outer radius infinity.

The region in the plane consists of all points with polar coordinates (r, θ) such that r is greater than or equal to 2, and θ is between π and 2π.

To sketch this region, we can start by drawing the circle with radius 2 centered at the origin. This circle corresponds to the boundary r=2 of the region.

Next, we shade in the region to the right of the vertical line passing through the origin, since this corresponds to the interval π ≤ θ ≤ 2π.

Finally, we shade in the interior of the circle, since we want to include all points with r greater than or equal to 2.

The resulting region in the plane is a shaded annulus centered at the origin, with inner radius 2 and outer radius infinity. The boundary of the region is the circle of radius 2 centered at the origin, together with the positive x-axis.

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If x be the largest root of the following equation: X2 - 2U X + 1 = 0, then the formula for X in terms of U is X = (2U + √(4U^2 - 4)) / 2. The range of X with nonzero PDF is (1, 2 + √3).

Explanation:

Given that: let u have a uniform probability distribution on the interval (1, 2) and let x be the largest root of the following equation: X2 - 2U X + 1 = 0

Given the equation X^2 - 2UX + 1 = 0, we can use the quadratic formula to find the largest root X in terms of U. The quadratic formula is:

X = (-b ± √(b^2 - 4ac)) / 2a

For our equation, a = 1, b = -2U, and c = 1. Plugging these values into the quadratic formula, we get:

X = (2U ± √((-2U)^2 - 4(1)(1))) / 2(1)

X = (2U ± √(4U^2 - 4)) / 2

Since we need the largest root, we will take the positive square root:

X = (2U + √(4U^2 - 4)) / 2

As for the range of X, since U has a uniform probability distribution on the interval (1, 2), the minimum and maximum values of X can be found by substituting the endpoints of the interval for U:

X_min = (2(1) + √(4(1)^2 - 4)) / 2 = (2 + √0) / 2 = 1
X_max = (2(2) + √(4(2)^2 - 4)) / 2 = (4 + √12) / 2 = 2 + √3

Thus, the range of X with nonzero PDF is (1, 2 + √3).

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The value of cos[tex](x \ + \frac{2\pi }{3})[/tex] with x in quadrant 2, if sin x = [tex]\frac{8}{17}[/tex] is [tex]\frac{(15 - 8\sqrt{3} )}{34}[/tex].

To evaluate cos[tex](x \ + \frac{2\pi }{3})[/tex] in quadrant 2 with sin x = [tex]\frac{8}{17}[/tex], we can use the following trigonometric identity:

cos[tex](x \ + \frac{2\pi }{3})[/tex] = cos(x)cos[tex](\frac{2\pi }{3} )[/tex] - sin(x)sin[tex](\frac{2\pi }{3} )[/tex]

We know that sin x = [tex]\frac{8}{17}[/tex], and in quadrant 2, sin x is positive and cos x is negative. Therefore, we can determine that:

sin² x + cos² x = 1

[tex](\frac{8}{17})[/tex]² + cos² x = 1

cos² x = 1 - [tex](\frac{8}{17})[/tex]²

cos x = [tex]- \frac{15}{17}[/tex] (since cos x is negative in quadrant 2)

Now we can substitute the values into the identity:

cos[tex](x \ + \frac{2\pi }{3})[/tex] = cos(x)cos[tex](\frac{2\pi }{3} )[/tex] - sin(x)sin[tex](\frac{2\pi }{3} )[/tex]

= [tex](- \frac{15}{17})[/tex][tex](- \frac{1}{2})[/tex] - [tex](\frac{8}{17} )(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} )[/tex]

= [tex]\frac{15}{34} - \frac{4\sqrt{3} }{17}[/tex]

= [tex]\frac{(15 - 8\sqrt{3} )}{34}[/tex]

Therefore, cos[tex](x \ + \frac{2\pi }{3})[/tex] in quadrant 2 with sin x = [tex]\frac{8}{17}[/tex] is [tex]\frac{(15 - 8\sqrt{3} )}{34}[/tex].

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