When the Carbon reacts with oxygen it produce CO₂. This can be depicted by the below equation.
C + O₂ → CO₂. By the given process, 57.2 g of CO₂ are produced.
It has been mentioned that when 15.6 g of C reacts with 52.1 g of O₂ , then 10.5 g of O₂ remains unreacted. It indicates that Carbon is the limiting reagent and hence the amount of CO₂ produced is based on the amount of Carbon burnt.
C + O₂ → CO₂
In the given equation , 1 mole of carbon reacts with the 1 mole of O₂ to produce 1 mole of CO₂.
In the case 15.6 g of Carbon reacts with 52.1 of O₂ to produce the "x" g of CO₂.
No of moles of a substance = mass of the substance/molar mass of substance
No of moles of carbon = 15.6 /12= 1.3 moles
No of moles of O₂ = Mass of reacted O₂/Molar mass of O₂.
No of moles of O₂ = (Total mass of O₂ burned - Mass of unreacted O)/32
No of moles of O₂ = (52.1-10.5) ÷ 32 = 1.3 moles.
Hence as already discussed 1 mole of Carbon reacts with 1 mole of O₂ to produce 1 mole of CO₂. In this case 1.2 moles of carbon reacts with 1.3 moles of O₂ to produce 1.3 moles of CO₂.
Moles of carbon dioxide = Mass of CO₂ produced /Molar mass of CO₂
Mass of CO₂ produced(x) = Moles of CO₂ ×Molar mass of CO₂
Mass of CO₂ produced(x) = 1.3 x 44 = 57.2 g
Thus 57.2 g of CO₂ is produced.
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Given the thermochemical equations
X₂ + 3 Y₂ → 2XY3 ΔH1= -340kJ
X₂ + 2Z₂ → 2XZ₂ ΔH2= -170 kJ
2Y2 + Z2 → 2Y₂Z ΔH3= -260 kJ
Calculate the change in enthalpy for the reaction.
4XY3 +7Z₂ → 6Y₂Z + 4 XZ₂
ΔH= ____ kJ
The change in enthalpy for the reaction is ∆H = - 440 kJ
This Enthalpy equals the sum of the system's internal energy with the constant. You must understand that energy forms change, but Enthalpy remains constant. For example, when water freezes into ice, some energy is expended in doing the work, which is referred to as Enthalpy.
Given that:
(1) X2 + 3Y2⟶ 2XY3 Δ1=−340 kJ
(2) X2 + 2Z2⟶ 2XZ2 Δ2=−170 kJ
(3) 2Y2 + Z2⟶ 2Y2Z Δ3=−260 kJ
We have to calculate the change in enthalpy for 4XY3 + 7Z2 → 6Y2Z + 4XZ2
The enthalpy of the reverse reaction is lower than that of the forward one.
Hess law: It states that the heat of reaction for any specific reaction is equal to the sum of the heat of each reaction that sums up to the overall reaction.
The required equation 4XY3 + 7Z2 → 6Y2Z + 4XZ2 is obtained by
-2(equation1) + 2(equation 2) + 3 (equation 3)
Reversing equation(1) we get
2(XY3 → X2 + 3Y2) + 2 (X2 + 2Z2 ⟶ 2XZ2 )+ 3 (2Y2 + Z2⟶ 2Y2Z)
4XY3 + 2X2 + 4Z2 + 6Y2 + 3Z2 ⟶ 2X2 + 6Y2 + 4XZ2 + 6Y2Z
Canceling all the standard terms we get
4XY3 + 7Z2 ==> 4XZ2 + 6Y2Z
Hence the required equation is obtained
Thus the change in enthalpy of the required reaction is
2〖(∆H〗_rev) +2〖(∆H〗_2)+ 3〖(∆H〗_3)
∆H = 2〖(∆H〗_rev) +2〖(∆H〗_2)+ 3〖(∆H〗_3)
∆H = 2(340) + 2(-170) +3 (-260) = -350 kJ
∆H = 680 – 340 – 780
∆H = - 440 kJ
Therefore the change in enthalpy for the reaction is ∆H = - 440 kJ
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pretend you are a journalist assigned to write about an atom from the prestigious periodic table.
The answer to the task from above about the an atom of element periodic table is given below:
The chlorine atom is one of the halogens in the periodic table.
Why the chlorine atom is an halogen of prestigious periodic tableRight from time immemorial, the indepth knowledge and understanding of how atoms are arranged in the periodic table and react with with each speaks volume of the identities of the properties of elements.
Chlorine is regarded as an halogen simply because they are salt formers when it atoms react with alkali metals.
So therefore, it can be deduced that the periodic table is the heart of chemistry.
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Which part of Earth experiences physical weathering? (1 point)
O crust
O mantle
O inner core
O outer core
0
A
O
4.00g of iron was was heated from 25.0°C to 75.0°C. How much energy was used to heat the iron
The energy used to heat the iron from 25°C to 75°C will be 88J
Given,
m= 4 g
c, i.e, specific heat of Iron is 0.44 J°C⁻¹g⁻¹
The heat energy is given by formula,
q=mcΔT
where q is the amount of heat and m is the substance's mass.
T represents the temperature change, and c is the material's specific heat capacity. The addition of heat affects various substances in varying degrees. Different materials' temperatures rise by different amounts when a given amount of heat is applied to them.
q =4× 0.44× ΔT
ΔT= T₂₋ T₁
ΔT= 75- 25
= 50°C
q= 4×0.44×50
=88 J
So, the energy used to heat the iron will be 88J.
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1. Target I1
Which list of elements all have the same number of valence electrons?
a. F, CI, O, N
b. Cr, Mn, Fe, Co
C. Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe
d. Na, Mg, Al, Si
Answer:
A
B that is Cr,MN,Fe,Co. is the correct answer
C
D
Reactions in our world: pre-lab activity worksheet
When iron ( Fe ) reacts with copper sulphate ( CuSO₄) , it forms ferrous sulphate ( FeSO₄ ) and copper ( Cu ) .
Iron copper sulphate.
The lead nitrate [Pb(NO₃)₂] reacts with potassium iodide (Kl) causing exchange of ions between the reactants leading to the formation of potassium nitrate (KNO₃) and a yellow precipitate of lead iodide (PbI₂).
Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the equation
Mg + 2 HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂
Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the equation This demonstration can be used to illustrate the characteristic reaction of metals with acid, a single replacement reaction, or to demonstrate the generation of hydrogen gas.
H₂O
Water splitting is the process in which water decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen.
Mg + O₂ → MgO.
Magnesium reacts with Oxygen to form Magnesium oxide.
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Which statements correctly defend or dispute his conclusion?
The statement that correctly defend or dispute his conclusion is option3:
He is incorrect. Dissolving salt in water and evaporation of the water are both physical changes. The reappearance of salt is evidence that the change was reversible by a physical change, so it could not be a chemical change.Is salt and water evaporation a physical or chemical change?A physical alteration occurs when salt water evaporates. Since the matter has merely changed states but still remains the same substance, any phase shift is a physical change.
Table salt dissolving in water is an example of a physical change because only the condition of the substance has changed. Frequently, physical changes can be undone. The salt will become solid once the water has evaporated.
It's not a given that salt and water's formation of a single phase indicates a chemical reaction. It simply indicates that the two substances mixed evenly.
Therefore, This is supported by the fact that the mixture's components could be easily separated using a straightforward physical technique called evaporation.
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See full question below
Henry mixed salt and water together in a cup until he observed a clear solution. He measured the mass of the solution. Then he placed the cup outside for several sunny days during the summer. After a week, he observed that only solid salt remained in the cup and the mass had decreased. Henry concluded that a physical and chemical change occurred in this investigation.
Which statements correctly defend or dispute his conclusion?
1- He is correct. Dissolving salt in water is a physical change, but evaporating the water is a chemical change. Formation of a solid is evidence that a chemical change occurred.
He is correct. Evaporation is a physical change, but dissolving salt in water is a chemical change. The change in mass is evidence that a chemical change occurred.
2- He is incorrect. Dissolving salt in water and evaporation of the water are both physical changes. The reappearance of salt is evidence that the change was reversible by a physical change, so it could not be a chemical change.
3- He is incorrect. Dissolving salt in water and evaporation of the water are both chemical changes. The reappearance of salt is evidence that the change was reversible by a chemical change, so it could not be a physical change.
What is the Lewis structure, (sketch 3D also), total # of electrons, electron geometry, hybridization and polarity for the following
A Lewis Structure can be defined as a very simplified representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule. It explains how the electrons are arranged around individual atoms in a molecule.
Explain different terms mentioned above.
Lewis Structure :It was named after Gilbert N who mentioned it for the first time in his book The Atom and the Molecule.
The Lewis Structure can be written as follows:
Step 1: Determine total valence electrons.
Step 2: Write the skeleton structure of the molecule
Step 3: Form bond in the skeleton structure using two valence electrons.
Step 4: Fulfil octet rule and segregate non bonding electrons.
Examples : In case of CO2, we can see
two double bonds between the carbon and oxygen atoms. According to octet rule each oxygen atom needs to bond with four different carbon atoms. Carbon has four valence electrons, which make a total of four bonds. So there are four dots around carbon.
Electron geometry : It can be defined as the arrangement of electron pairs around a central atom. It can be given in such form :
linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, or octahedral
Hybridisation : It can be defined as the intermixing of two atomic orbitals to give rise to new hybridized orbitals. The hybrid orbitals formed have entirely different energies, shapes, etc.
Polarity : It can be defined as the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms joined by the bond.
Hence, structure can be determined by knowledge of these factors.
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The solubility of lead (II) chloride (PbCl2) is 1.6 × 10-2 M. What is the Ksp of
PbCl2
.
The solubility constant (Ksp) of lead (II) chloride if it has a molar concentration of 1.6 × 10-²M is 1.64 × 10-⁵.
How to calculate solubility constant?Solubility is the amount of a substance that will dissolve in a given amount of a solvent, to give a saturated solution, under specified conditions.
PbCl₂(s) ⇌ Pb²⁺(aq) + 2Cl¯(aq)
The Ksp expression of lead chloride is as follows:
Ksp = [Pb²+] [Cl¯]²
There is a 1:1 molar ratio between PbCl₂ and Pb²⁺ but a 1:2 molar ratio between PbCl₂ and Cl.
Ksp = {1.6 × 10-²} {3.2 × 10-²}²
Ksp = 1.64 × 10-⁵
Therefore, 1.64 × 10-⁵ is the solubility constant of the lead (II) chloride.
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What's the coefficient in 4Ca(OH)2 ?
Answer: Molecular Weight of 4Ca(OH)2 is 296.3707 g/mol
Explanation The molar mass and molecular weight of 4Ca(OH)2 is 296.371.
This bohr model is showing what element?
15 P
16 N
Answer:
Phosphorus
Explanation:
From the Bohr model of the given element we can interpret that:
Total number of electron = 15
Total number of proton = 15
Total number of neutron = 16
So, Mass of the element= Total number of proton+ Total number of electron
= 15 + 16
= 31 u
An atom that has 15 electron and mass have mass 31 amu is Phosphorus
which of the following statements about the combustion of glucose with oxygen to form water and carbon dioxide (c6h12o6 6 o2 → 6 co2 6 h2o) is correct?
a. The entropy of the products is greater than the entropy of the reactants.
b. The reverse reaction, making glucose from water and carbon dioxide, must be an exergonic reaction.
c. This is the process of cellular respiration, an anabolic pathway that releases free energy.
d. The entropy of the universe decreases as the result of this reaction.
e. The free energy lost in this combustion is less than the energy that appears as heat.
The correct statement about the combustion of glucose with oxygen to form water and carbon dioxide is The entropy of the products is greater than the entropy of the reactants.
A combustion reaction is a reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing energy in the form of light and heat. Combustion reactions must involve O2 as one reactant.
A familiar example of a combustion reaction is a lighted match. When a match is struck along the match box, friction heats the head of the match to a temperature at which the chemicals react and then generate more heat which can escape into the air, and they burn with a flame after reacting with the oxygen.
In the above given question we can see that when combustion reaction of glucose takes place we can see that it produces water and along with that we can also see that carbon dioxide gas is also been released. In the reactant side we can see that there are no gaseous molecules present but we can see that in the product side there are gaseous molecules present, which suggests that randomness of the system is increased.
Hence the entropy of the products would be greater than the reactants.
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The following statements about the combustion of glucose with oxygen to form water and carbon dioxide is the entropy of the product is greater than the entropy of the the reactants.
The combustion reaction is given as :
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ ----> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
The large molecule that is glucose is converted into the small small molecules water and the carbon dioxide. this is the reason the entropy of the product side is greater than the entropy ( the disorder )of the reactants .
Thus, The following statements about the combustion of glucose with oxygen to form water and carbon dioxide is the entropy of the product is greater than the entropy of the the reactants.
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Answer Options:
atomic number
atomic mass
element symbol
element name
electron configuration
Answer:
1) atomic number
2) element symbol
3) element name
4) atomic mass
5) electron configuration
How many moles of Cl atoms are in a 75.0 ml. sample of
CCM (d:1.6 g/cm?, C. 12, CE36)
The number moles of Cl atoms in a 75.0 mL sample of CCl₄ is 3.12 mol.
The data is given is as follows :
volume = 75.0 mL
density = 1.6 g/cm³ = 1.6 g/mL
Density = mass / volume
mass = density × volume
= 1.6 × 75
= 120 g
moles of CCl₄ = mass / molar mass
= 120 / 153.82
= 0.780 mol
1 mole of CCl₄ = 4 mole of Cl
moles of Cl = 4 × 0.780
= 3.12 mol
Thus, The number moles of Cl atoms in a 75.0 mL sample of CCl₄ is 3.12 mol.
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What is the mass of 6.02 x 10^^24
molecules of hydrogen, H2? The molar
mass of H2 is 2.02 g/mol.
A- 2.02 g H2
B- 2.98 x 10^24 g H2
C- 10.0 g H2
D- 1.22 x 10^25 g H2
Mole measures the number of elementary entities of a given substance that are present in a given sample. The mass of hydrogen is 20.2gram.
What is mole?The SI unit of amount of substance in chemistry is mole. The mole is used to measure the quantity of amount of substance.
Given number of atoms= 6.02 x 10²⁴atoms
we know one mole of any element contains 6.022×10²³ atoms which is also called Avogadro number
mole =given number of atoms ÷ 6.022×10²³(Avogadro number)
Substituting the values
mole=6.02 x 10²⁴÷ 6.022×10²³
mole = 10 mole
Mole = mass ÷Molar mass
Molar mass = 2.02 g/mol
Substituting the given values
10= mass ÷ 2.02 g/mol
Mass = 20.2gram
Therefore, mass of hydrogen is 20.2gram.
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Morphine is used medicinally as a pain reliever. If an aqueous solution of morphine has [H3O+] = 1.1 x 10-10 M, what is the pH of this solution?
Morphine is used medicinally as a pain reliever. If an aqueous solution of morphine has [H3O⁺] = 1.1 x 10-10 M, the pH of this solution is 9.6.
given that :
[H3O⁺] = 1.1 x 10-10 M
the pH of the solution is given as :
pH = - log ( [H3O⁺] )
pH = - log ( 1.1 x 10-10 M )
pH = - (-9.6 )
pH = 9.6
the pH of the given solution is 9.6.
Thus, Morphine is used medicinally as a pain reliever. If an aqueous solution of morphine has [H3O+] = 1.1 x 10-10 M, the pH of this solution is 9.6.
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Which element needs 3 valence electrons to complete its octet?
Answer: Gallium
Explanation:
Please answer correctly, I’ll mark your answer as brainliest.
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
3. so the three metals are Cu, Zn, and Fe (i'm assuming based off of the other answers)
A metal (M1) more reactive than the one in solution (M2) will swap places, precipitating M2 out and M1 will dissolve in solution.
So as an example, Zinc is more reactive than Copper, so Zinc metal will displace Copper 2+ in solution, giving Copper metal and Zinc 2+ in solution
The metal ion in solution is Zn2+, which is a pretty reactive metal. We know that a metal has to be more reactive than Zn to turn Zn2+ into Zn. This means that any metal which produces a change when allowed into contact with Zn2+ would have to be very reactive.
The three metal wires are: Cu, Zn, and Fe
Cu is not more reactive than Zn, so no reaction will occur between Cu and Zn2+.
Fe is not more reactive than Zn, so no reaction between Fe and Zn2+
Zn is well... as reactive as Zn, so there will also be no reaction (because there is no incentive for change, no change happens)
Thus, number 3 will have an answer of "No reactions were observed, and no spontaneous chemical equations can be written" (Though zinc does react with water very slowly. Also, if the ZnCl2 was contaminated with acid, the Zinc wire may have formed some bubbles )
For number 4, it is the same logic. But it is also a little more complicated.
The metal in solution is Fe3+. The wires are Zn, Fe, and Cu
The annoying (or cool, depending on how you look at it) thing about Fe3+ is that it can be reduced to either Fe2+(aqueous), or all the way to Fe(solid).
depending on how much reactant is added and what exactly that other reactant is.
From this point on, instead of saying "Because Zn is more reactive than Fe..." I'll say "Because Zn turning into Zn2+ is more favourable than Fe turning into Fe3+" or something of the sort. Hopefully It doesn't become too confusing. Please ask questions in the comments
Zn turning into Zn2+ is much more favorable than Fe turning into Fe3+, so the Zn will react with Fe3+, turning it into Fe and giving Zn2+ (Charges are not balanced)
So Zn(s) + Fe{3+}(aq) -> Zn{2+}(aq) + Fe(s)
and balance it to get
3Zn(s) + 2Fe{3+}(aq) -> 3Zn{2+}(aq) + 2Fe(s)
Fe may seem like it would not react with Fe3+ since they both are iron. However Fe2+ exists, and since Fe2+ turning into Fe3+ is unfavourable (meaning that Fe3+ is a stronger oxidant) and Fe turning into Fe2+ is favourable, the following reaction happens:
Fe(s) + 2 Fe{3+}(aq) -> 3Fe{2+}(aq)
In this reaction, each iron metal atom gives two iron 3+ ions one electron, loosing 2 electrons itself in the process and turning into Fe2+. The two iron 3+ ions given one electron also turn into Fe2+ ions, resulting in 3 Fe2+ ions total
Copper is fairly unreactive, and while FeCl3 is technically reactive enough to react with copper, forming FeCl2 and CuCl, the CuCl layer prevents underneath copper from reacting further.
this bohr model is showing what element
The image shows the Bohr model of the chlorine atom.
What is the Bohr model?We know that the Bohr model has to do with the model in which the electrons that are in the atoms are arranged in a definite order. The implication of this is that the electrons would be arranged in a certain specific energy level such that an electron can be moved from a lower to a higher energy level as we can see from the image that has been shown in the question that has been asked.
Having said that we have seventeen protons in the atom and the implication is that there are also seventeen electrons in the atom and this is going to correspond to the element chlorine atom which can be shown to be a member of the group seventeen of the periodic table of the elements.
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What is the answer for this question?
Answer:
See explanation, some might be graded as wrong if it's an automatic grading system but most
Explanation:
1. lose
2. valence
3. noble (Atoms don't actually always do this, but since the word gas is after the blank, it is the only option)
4. 4
5. have
6. 10
5 and 6 are a little ambiguous and could have many answers
What is the photon energy of a wave with a frequency of 6.7 x 1014 Hz?
Answer:
4.4 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
Explanation:
To find the energy of the photon, you need to use the following equation:
E = hf
In this equation,
-----> E = energy (J)
-----> h = Planck's Constant (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ J·s)
-----> f = frequency (Hz)
You can plug the given value and constant into the equation and solve for "E". The final answer should have 2 sig figs like the given value (6.7 x 10¹⁴ = 2 sig figs).
E = hf <----- Given equation
E = (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ J·s)(6.7 x 10¹⁴ Hz) <----- Insert values
E = 4.4 x 10⁻¹⁹ J <----- Multiply
Compute the following blood alcohol levels and classify as not impaired or impaired:
0.003 grams of alcohol in a 15 ml sample of blood
0.006 grams of alcohol in a 5 ml sample of blood
0.01 grams of alcohol in a 12 ml sample of blood
0.006 grams of alcohol in a 20 ml sample of blood
Based on the blood alcohol concentration values:
a. 0.003 grams of alcohol in a 15 ml sample of blood is classified as not impaired
b. 0.006 grams of alcohol in a 5 ml sample of blood is classified as impaired
c. 0.01 grams of alcohol in a 12 ml sample of blood is classified as impaired
d. 0.006 grams of alcohol in a 20 ml sample of blood is classified as not impaired
What is the blood alcohol concentration, BAC?The blood alcohol concentration is the amount of alcohol present in a given volume of blood.
Blood alcohol concentration is used to measure intoxication in individuals.
When blood alcohol concentration increases, impairment increases in individuals.
The benchmark level of impairment or non-impairment is 0.08%.
Calculating the blood alcohol concentration for the given situations:
a. 0.003 grams of alcohol in a 15 ml sample of blood
BAC level = 0.003/15 * 100%
BAC level = 0.02%
b. 0.006 grams of alcohol in a 5 ml sample of blood
BAC level = 0.006/5 * 100
BAC level = 0.12%
c. 0.01 grams of alcohol in a 12 ml sample of blood
BAC level = 0.01/12 * 100
BAC level = 0.083%
d. 0.006 grams of alcohol in a 20 ml sample of blood
BAC level = 0.006/20 * 100
BAC level = 0.03%
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Which of the following is a reasonable ground-state electron configuration?
O 1s21p5
O1s22s22p8
O 1s22s22d4
O 1s?2s22p6
Answer:
the last one (if we consider the typo ? as 2)
Explanation:
p orbital can hold 6 electrons
1st orbit only has 's' orbital
2nd orbit only has 's' & 'p' orbital, no 'd' orbital
For the given reaction, what volume of O₂ would be required to react with 6.2 L of NO, measured at the same temperature and
pressure?
2 NO(g) + O₂(g) → 2 NO₂(g)
O2 would need to react in 3.1 L of volume.
Given data:-2NO(g) + O2(g) ==> Equation that is balanced: 2NO2(g)
We can observe that 2 moles of NO react with 1 mole of O2 using this equation. We can also state that 2 liters of NO and 1 liter of O2 react under conditions of constant pressure and temperature. The amount of O2 required to react with 4.8 L of NO can then be calculated as follows:
6.2 L NO multiplied by 1 L O2 divided by 2 L NO results in a need for 3.1 L of O2.
2NO O2 2NO2: What kind of reaction is that?values for the reaction 2NO + O2 = 2NO2 in terms of kinetics and rate constants. It is generally known that this reaction is a third-order homogeneous reaction.
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Calculate the mass of succinic anhydride needed to be 1.0 mol % relative to 1.0 mL of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
Answer:
mL of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. 5) Calculate the mass of maleic anhydride needed to be 1.0 mol % relative to 1.0 mL of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
Explanation:
The mass of succinic anhydride needed to be 1.0 mole % relative to 1.0 mL of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is 4.5 x 10⁻⁵ moles.
What is mass?Mass is defined as the quantity of material that makes up a thing, whereas weight is the force that an object produces. A majority of an atom's mass is contained in its nucleus. For discussions of how atoms interact with one another and consequently for chemistry, biology, and electronics, the surrounding electrons are of course essential. But they only contribute a tiny fraction of the total mass.
The number of moles of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate in 1ml
= 1 / 22410 = 4.46 x 10⁻⁵ moles
The mole percent need to be 1
Let the moles of succinic anhydride be X
Therefore
1 / 100 = X / X + 4.46 x 10⁻⁵
X + 4.46 x 10⁻⁵ = 100 x
99 X = 4.46 x 10⁻⁵
X = 4.46 x 10⁻⁵ / 99
X = 4.5 x 10⁻⁷ moles
The mass of succinic anhydride
= X x molar mass
= 4.5 x 10⁻⁷ x 100
= 4.5 x 10⁻⁵ moles
Thus, the mass of succinic anhydride needed to be 1.0 mole % relative to 1.0 mL of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is 4.5 x 10⁻⁵ moles.
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In N2O, nitrogen is the central atom and the oxygen atom is terminal. In HSCN, however, nitrogen is the terminal atom.
Draw four Lewis structures corresponding to HSCNwith C as the central atom,
HSCN with N as the central atom,
N2O with N as the central atom, and
N2O with O as the central atom.
Use formal charges for each of these four Lewis structures to explain why nitrogen is the central atom of N2O
but carbon is the central atom of HSCN
Match the items in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right.
The Lewis structures of the compounds have been shown. In each case, the least number of formal charge lies on nitrogen hence it is the central atom.
What are Lewis structures?The term Lewis structures help us to be able to see what a molecule looks like. We know that the Lewis structures show the symbol of the element and then the number of electrons that are in the atoms of the element as dots.
In this case we have shown the Lewis structures of the compounds that are shown. The formal charges of the compounds are also shown in the image that is described here.
Looking at the Lewis structure as it has been shown, we can see that nitrogen always has the least charge density hence we can see that nitrogen would always be the central atom in the compounds as shown.
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A light emitting diode will emit light when
A) A hole jumps to the conduction band.
B) A hole jumps to the valence band.
C) An electron hops between orbitals in the conduction band.
D) An electron gives up energy when it falls into the valence band to fill a hole.
The answer is D. When an electron falls into the valence band to fill a hole, it gives up energy in the form of light.
The diode in an LED bulb is a semiconductor device that allows electricity to flow in one direction only. It is made of two pieces of semiconductor material, one positive and one negative, that are joined together.
The diode in the process of electrolysis has two terminals, called the anode and the cathode. The anode is the positive terminal and the cathode is the negative terminal in the electrolysis. The anode is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply and the cathode is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.
When the power is turned on, the diode allows electricity to flow from the anode to the cathode and lights up the LED bulb.
The light-emitting diode will emit light when an electron jumps from the conduction band to the valence band. This is because when the electron falls into the valence band, it will release energy in the form of light.
Therefore the correct option is d.
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summarize how the VSEPR model helps explain how electric charges affect bonding and molecular shape in covalent compounds
The VSEPR model helps in explain how electric charges affect bonding and molecular shape in covalent compounds as -
The form of many molecules and polyatomic ions can be predicted using the valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) model, which is pronounced "vesper." However, keep in mind that the VSEPR model, like any model, is only a partial description of reality; it doesn't reveal bond lengths or the existence of numerous bonds.
The structures of many compounds and polyatomic ions with a central metal atom can also be predicted by the VSEPR model, as can the structures of practically any molecule or polyatomic ion with a central nonmetal atom. The foundation of the VSEPR theory is the idea that electron pairs in bonds and lone pairs reject one another and would, as a result, adopt a geometry that spreads them as far apart as feasible. The three-dimensional structures of many compounds, which cannot be predicted using the Lewis electron-pair approach, can be predicted using the straightforward VSEPR counting procedure, despite the fact that this theory is oversimplified and does not take into account the subtleties of orbital interactions that influence molecular shapes.
By concentrating only on the number of electron pairs surrounding the central atom and disregarding any other valence electrons present, the VSEPR model can be used to predict the geometry of the majority of polyatomic compounds and ions. This model states that valence electrons in the Lewis structure form groups that can be made up of a single bond, a double bond, a triple bond, a lone pair of electrons, or even a single unpaired electron, which is treated as a lone pair in the VSEPR model. Electrostatic repulsion causes electrons to repel one another; hence, the arrangement of electron groups that minimises repulsions is the most stable (lowest energy). The arrangement of groups around the centre atom creates the molecular structure with the lowest energy
The molecule or polyatomic ion is designated by the letters AXmEn in the VSEPR model, where A stands for the centre atom, X for a bonding atom, E for a nonbonding valence electron group (often a lone pair of electrons), and m and n are integers. The designation of each group surrounding the centre atom as a bonding pair (BP) or lone (nonbonding) pair (LP). Both the relative locations of the atoms and the bond angles—also known as bond angles—can be predicted from the BP and LP interactions. We may characterise the molecular geometry—the configuration of the bound atoms in a molecule or polyatomic ion—using this knowledge.
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As per the VSEPR model, the lone pair present in a compound causes bending in the molecular geometry of the covalent compounds.
What is molecular geometry?
Molecular geometry can be defined as a three -dimensional arrangement of atoms which constitute the molecule.It includes parameters like bond length,bond angle and torsional angles.
It influences many properties of molecules like reactivity,polarity color,magnetism .The molecular geometry can be determined by various spectroscopic methods and diffraction methods , some of which are infrared,microwave and Raman spectroscopy.
They provide information about geometry by taking into considerations the vibrational and rotational absorbance of a substance.Neutron and electron diffraction techniques provide information about the distance between nuclei and electron density.
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Lead(II) nitrate and ammonium iodide react to form lead(II) iodide and ammonium nitrate according to the reaction
Pb(NO3)2(aq)+2NH4I(aq)⟶PbI2(s)+2NH4NO3(aq)
What volume of a 0.650 M NH4I solution is required to react with 319 mL of a 0.660 M Pb(NO3)2 solution?
volume:
mL
How many moles of PbI2 are formed from this reaction?
moles:
mol PbI2
The volume of the lead II iodide required is 649 mL.
What is the required volume?We know that the volume can be obtained by the use of the stoichiometry of the reaction. In this case, we have been given the balanced reaction equation as it appears in the question above. We now have to use it and find the volume as the question must have required.
Thus;
Number of moles of the lead II nitrate = 0.660 M * 319/1000 L
= 0.211 moles
Now we have to recall again that the number of moles is obtained as the product of the concentration and the volume of the solution.
Using the stoichiometry of the reaction;
1 mole of the lead II nitrate reacts with 2 moles of the ammonium iodide
0.211 moles of the lead II nitrate reacts with 0.211 moles * 2 moles/ 1 mole
= 0.422 moles
Now;
Volume of the solution = number of moles/ concentration
= 0.422 moles/0.650 M
= 0.649 L or 649 mL
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A digital signal transmits energy in the form of waves. These waves can travel at the speed of light. Only digital information can be read and scratches or other imperfection are not read. Which conclusion would be best based on this information? Responses ADigital transmission of information is not likely to be replace other methods. Digital transmission of information is not likely to be replace other methods. BDigital transmission of information is the least expensive method. Digital transmission of information is the least expensive method. CDigital transmission of information is a fast and reliable method. Digital transmission of information is a fast and reliable method. DDigital transmission of information can easily be converted to analog.
Since the A digital signal transmits energy in the form of waves, the conclusion that would be best based on this information is option C: Digital transmission of information is a fast and reliable method.
All electromagnetic waves constitute digital signals?Signals, both digital and analog, are transferred via electromagnetic waves. The sound you hear or the graphics you see on a screen are the result of changes in frequency and amplitude. The continuous waves that make up analog signals can be of any frequency and amplitude.
Note that Data transfer, also known as digital transfer or digital communication, is the movement of data between two locations. Digital messages from a data source, such as a computer or keyboard, may be the source of the transmitted data. A phone call or a video signal are examples of analog signals that could also be present.
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