Recent research has shown that a three-dimensional approach to retinal differentiation tissue development from pluripotent cells is a reliable method.
Improves repeatability and efficiency of retinal differentiation in organoid cultures by combining the best conditions and methods for three-dimensional retinal differentiation from mouse embryonic cells. Retinal induction can be accomplished without the need of Matrigel by using a synthesised oligopeptide, which is a step closer to xeno-free settings for cell generation. With defined medium conditions, retinal tissue and cell production can be scaled up greatly for use in drug discovery, disease modelling, and transplantation. These conditions also significantly reduce variability within and between batches.
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why micro organisms so important in the production of medicines? Describe two different medicines that rely on technology in their production.
Answer:
chemical and heydrogen
Mixtures can be classified into hetergenous and homogenous mixtures. Create a venn diagram to compare and contrast the 2 types of mixtures. Use the pdf attach to this assignment to help you fill out the venn diagram.
Hom0genous mixtures and Heterogeneous mixtures are both mixtures but differ in that Hom0genous mixtures exist in one phase whereas Heterogeneous mixtures exist in more than one phase.
What are mixtures?Mixtures are substances that are composed of two or more substances that are physically combined together.
The components of a mixture can easily be separated by physical methods based on differences in their physical properties.
Mixtures can be classified into two, namely:
hom0genous mixtures, andheterogeneous mixturesHom0genous mixtures are mixtures in which the constituents are uniformly distributed into a single phase. Examples of homogenous mixtures include a sugar solution and a salt solution.
Heterogeneous mixtures are mixtures in which the constituents are distributed in more than one phase. The several components of the mixture may be seen with the unaided eye.
Examples of heterogeneous mixtures include sand, iron filling, and salt mixture.
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Why do you think we know very little about the mantle
The mantle is difficult to study directly because it is deep within the Earth and inaccessible to most forms of observation.
What is mantle?The mantle is the thick layer of the Earth that lies between the crust and the core. It is the largest layer of the Earth, comprising about 84% of its volume, and is about 2,900 km (1,800 miles) thick. The mantle is divided into two main parts: the upper mantle and the lower mantle. The upper mantle is the part of the mantle that is closest to the crust, while the lower mantle is the part of the mantle that is closest to the core.
The mantle is composed mainly of solid rock, mostly of the minerals olivine and pyroxene, which are rich in iron, magnesium, and silicon. These minerals have a very high melting point, which means that the mantle is solid despite the high temperatures. The temperature of the mantle increases with depth, and it is estimated to be around 4,000 degrees Celsius at the boundary with the core.
The upper mantle is the source of heat that drives plate tectonics, the process by which the Earth's crust is constantly being moved and reshaped. The heat from the mantle causes the rock to become less dense and to rise, creating a current of hot rock that flows upward. As this hot rock reaches the surface, it cools and sinks back down into the mantle, creating a continuous cycle of movement. This movement causes the Earth's crust to break apart and form new crust, and it is responsible for the creation of earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain ranges.
The lower mantle is the source of magma that leads to volcanic activity. Magma is a mixture of molten rock, ash, and gas that forms when the rock in the upper mantle melts. When magma reaches the surface, it erupts as lava and forms volcanoes. The lower mantle also plays a role in the formation of diamonds, as the high pressure and temperature within this layer causes carbon atoms to be squeezed together and form diamonds which are then brought to the surface through volcanic eruptions.
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Which plant organ functions to obtain the water required for the process of photosynthesis?.
Answer: Plants get the water they need for photosynthesis through their roots. The roots have a type of cell called a root hair cell. These root hairs project outward from the root into the soil. Roots have a big surface area and thin walls, which allow water to pass through them easily.
Explanation: Hope it helps :)
Explain why a volcano is created when oceanic and continental crust collide. Makes sure you include what
happens to the oceanic crust. Draw a Model.
Please help asap
Oceanic crust or a less solid piece of oceanic crust will subduct beneath continental crust. Earthquakes occur when the oceanic plate subducts into a trench. Volcanoes are created by the melting of mantle material.
What does oceanic crust mean?The outermost part of the Earth's lithosphere, known as oceanic crust, is created at spreading centres on oceanic ridges that are found at divergent plate boundaries and is found beneath the oceans. The oceanic crust is roughly 4 miles (6 km) thick. Even without the sediment on top, it is made up of many layers.
What is a characteristic of oceanic crust?Compared to continental crust, oceanic crust is both thinner and denser. This is because to the oceans' weight, which has compacted it beneath it. It is also much more recent than continental crust, typically existing within the last 200 million years.
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capillary sphincters are: a. capable of dilating in order to increase perfusion to crucial body organs. b. circular muscular walls that regulate blood flow through the capillaries. c. responsible for constricting to compensate for decreased cell perfusion. d. under complete control of the voluntary portion of the nervous system.
Capillary sphincters are circular muscular walls that regulate blood flow through the capillaries.
Specialized cells known as muscle fibers make up the muscular system. Contractibility serves as their primary purpose. Movement is made possible by muscles that are affixed to bones, internal organs, or blood vessels. Muscle contraction produces the majority of body movement. The movement of cilia, the flagellum on sperm cells, and some white blood cells that move in an amoeboid manner are examples of exceptions to this rule. Simple movements like walking and running are produced by the coordinated action of joints, bones, and skeletal muscles. Skeletal muscles can also be seen moving in more subtle ways, which results in different face expressions, eye movements, and breathing patterns. They help with digestion, regulate respiration and heartbeat, and permit mobility. When you work out and eat well, your muscles flourish just like the rest of your body.
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The animal cell pictured above is a lymphocyte. Describe the features that suggest to you that:
(a) It has a role in producing and secreting proteins:
(b) it is metabolically very active:
Animal cells have centrosomes (or a pair of centrioles), and lysosomes, whereas plant cells do not. Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, plasmodesmata, and plastids used for storage, and a large central vacuole, whereas animal cells do not.
Leymphocyte?E proteins operate in the immune system by guiding and maintaining a huge transcriptional network that controls cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and function.They are members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors. The immune system's proper operation depends on the proper operation of this network.E proteins are members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors and function in the immune system by directing and maintaining a large transcriptional network that controls cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and function.Aberrations in E protein expression or function can result in a variety of defects, ranging from impaired lymphocyte development and immunodeficiency to aberrant function, cancer, and autoimmune disease.The immune system's proper operation depends on the proper operation of this network.To learn more about Leymphocyte refer to:
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True or False. Prokaryotic cells have a membrane bound nucleus for their genetic information.
Answer:
no please
Explanation:
prokaryotic cells do not have and nuclear bound membrane but have nuclear particles like 70s ribosomes
The locations for three genes have been added to this cartoon. For clarity, the locations have only been noted on one chromatid. The lowest frequency of crossovers would occur between genes ____ and ____.
The locations for three genes have been added to this cartoon. For clarity, the locations have only been noted on one chromatid. The lowest frequency of crossovers would occur between genes a and b.
A cell generates a fresh copy of all of its DNA as it gets ready to divide, resulting in two copies of each chromosome in the cell. "Sister chromatids" refer to the two copies of the cell's original chromosome.
The two chromatids are torn apart during anaphase of cell division, and the chromatids are distributed among the cytoplasm of each daughter cell.
A vast quantity of DNA that is arranged physically into a single structure is called a "chromosome." Because of this, the "sister chromatids" are regarded as being separate chromosomes even though they are joined together. Each chromatid is thought to be its own chromosome once they are divided during anaphase.
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Which of the following is NOT an example of how bacteria aid in the nitrogen cycle?
+
OA) nitrogen fixation
OB) breaking down the tissue of dead organisms
OC) changing nitrogen compounds into atmospheric nitrogen
OD) infecting tissue
Answer:
D. Infecting tissue
2. The diagram shows water molecules as solid ice at 0°C and as a liquid at 25°C.
Ice
Liquid Water
(a) Describe why hydrogen bonds form between water molecules.
Hydrogen bonds are formed between water molecules due to the difference in the charges of atoms of the water molecules.
Water is the universal solvent. It is because of its ability to form hydrogen bonds easily with majority of the substances, Thus water is a polar molecule. This means that one end of the water molecule is slightly positive while the other is slightly negative. The chemical formula of water is H₂O.
Hydrogen bonds are the ones that are formed between two atoms or ions that have a charge difference between them. These are most abundantly seen in water molecules because the oxygen atom of water is negatively charged whereas the hydrogen atom is positively charged.
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Which of the following best describes a density-independent factor that controls population size?
A Competition for resources like food and water
B Infectious disease transmission
C Occurrences of droughts and flooding
D Reduced availability of habitat
Occurrences of droughts and flooding best describes a density-independent factor that controls population size.
Density-independent limiting factors often take the form of natural disasters, severe weather, and pollution. for example if we take an example of disaster by fire in the forest . It will most likely to kill the deer's. So , an individual chance of deer that will die in the fore is not dependent on the number of deer's present in the forest .
Thus , density-independent factors include food or nutrient limitation, pollutants in the environment, and climate extremes, including seasonal cycles such as monsoons. Wildfire is nonliving, and most density-independent limiting factors fall in this category.
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Which statement is factual?
Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
Sexual reproduction allows for diploid gametes to combine to increase genetic variation.
Asexual reproduction leads to the formation of haploid gametes.
Sexual reproduction does not require the production of gametes.
The statement that is factual is as follows: Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are identical to the parent (option A).
What is asexual reproduction?Reproduction is the process whereby living organisms procreate or produce new copies of themselves.
Reproduction can either occur asexually or sexually. Sexual reproduction is the process whereby a new organism is created by combining the genetic material of two organisms.
On the other hand, asexual reproduction is the form of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes but rather involves only one parent organism.
Asexual reproduction produces identical offsprings while sexual reproduction produces genetically different offsprings.
Therefore, it is a fact that asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring.
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Answer:
The answer is Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
Explanation:
Or aka As A)
The activation of additional motor units in order to produce a contraction with greater tension is known as ______.
The activation of additional motor units in order to produce a contraction with greater tension is known as motor unit recruitment.
What are motor units and what is motor unit recruitment?A motor neuron is a neuron basically a motor neuron and along with all skeletal muscle fibres through axon's terminal.Sometimes the body need to speed up the contractile property of the body or the contractile strength.Motor unit recruitment is one way through which the body can activate large number of motor units to accomplish the need.By increasing the motor units number the contractile strength would be increased and hence the property would be enhanced.Hence the activation of additional motor units in order to produce a contraction with greater tension is known as motor unit recruitment.To know more about motor unit recruitment visit:
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nitrogen can be made available by rotating or interplanting beans or other legumes with other crops so that is no longer needed to enrich the organic nature of soils.
Nitrogen can be made available by rotating or interplanting beans or other legumes with other crops so that Fertilizer is no longer needed to enrich the organic nature of soils.
Bacteria that fix nitrogen and encourage plant growth are undoubtedly the biotechnology tool with the most potential to increase agricultural productivity in the near future. Legume crops, such as beans, peanuts, and soy, can fix nitrogen from the air and thrive on nitrogen-deficient soils. These bacteria have been believed to be the most significant agents for promoting plant growth because they produce phytohormones and fix nitrogen. They require the aid of Rhizobium bacteria to do this. The development of nodules on the roots of leguminous plants is induced by these unique bacteria.
The complete question is :
Nitrogen can be made available by rotating or interplanting beans or other legumes with other crops so that _______ is no longer needed to enrich the organic nature of soils.
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Description of carbohydrates and what is it purpose and importance
Carbohydrates are biomolecules composed of monosaccharides as subunits linked by glycosidic bonds, which are fundamental to providing energy to the organism.
What are the roles of Carbohydrates?Carbohydrates play fundamental roles mainly associated with the storage and use of energy. For example, simple carbohydrates such as glucose provide energy to be used in a fast manner, while complex carbohydrates play a role as storage of energy, which is stored in the chemical bonds.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that carbohydrates have fundamental roles associated with the storage of energy in order to be used when it is required.
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you find a cell of a type you have never seen before. the cell has both a nucleus and a cell wall. therefore, you conclude that it is likely to be a(n) cell. group of answer choices animal prokaryotic plant bacterial
Since the cell has nucleus as well as cell wall then it can be concluded that the cell is a plant cell.
Nucleus is the most important cell organelle in the eukaryotic cells. It is a double membranous structure with pores in it that allows the exchange of substances between nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleus regulates all the actions of the cell as well as stores the genetic material.
Plant cell is different from rest of the cells as it possess both cell wall and nucleus, a feature not present in any other cell. Plant cells also possess the chloroplast that contain the pigment called chlorophyll which provides the characteristic green color to the plant cell.
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if an animal cell suddenly loses the ability to produce gtp, what will most likely happen to its signaling system
if an animal cell suddenly loses the ability to produce GTP. It would not be able to activate and inactivate the G protein on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane.
G proteins, sometimes referred to as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins that function as molecular switches within cells, relaying signals from a range of stimuli outside a cell to its interior.
Their ability to bind to and hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to guanosine diphosphate is governed by several different variables (GDP). They are "on" when they are bound to GTP and "off" when they are bound to GDP. The wider class of enzymes known as GTPases includes G proteins.
Thus, when the cell will not produce GTP then these G protein receptors are not activated and thus signalling will not be carried further.
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If a blood cell is sitting in a hypertonic solution, what will happen to the cell?
A. Nothing will happen to the cell, it will stay the same
B. The cell will expand as water moves into the cell to try to balance the solute concentrations
C. The cell will shrink as water moves out of the cell to try to balance the solute concentrations
D. The cell will expand as salts move into it from the outside environment.
Answer:C. The cell will shrink as water moves out of the cell to try to balance the solute concentrations
Explanation:
A cell placed into a hypertonic solution will shrivel and die by a process known as plasmolysis.
Make up a great deed you have performed in the past
Answer: I raised over 17,000 dollars for a teacher with cancer one time
Answer:
by helping a old women walking to her car
Explanation:
some plants, like winter wheat, have evolved to tolerate extreme cold. specifically, the winter wheat plant can increase the percentage of unsaturated phospholipids in their membrane during the winter season. how is this helpful to the plant? be specific and draw a picture of winter wheat's plasma membrane before and during the winter season.
Some plants thrive most in winter. An example is the winter wheat. Winter wheat and similar plants have evolved to tolerate extreme cold. specifically, the winter wheat plant can increase the percentage of unsaturated phospholipids in its membrane during the winter season. This helps the plant in that
What are unsaturated phospholipids?The plasma membrane is the membrane that surrounds all cells. They serve as a barrier between the cytoplasmic location and the cell's internal environment. Phospholipids make up the plasma membrane. This lipid bilayer is referred to as a biomembrane or living membrane. This bilayer has a variety of proteins and lipids that are embedded in it.
The unsaturated fatty acids in the membrane have double bonds known as kinks. This kink in the membrane inhibits the membrane from being tightly packed, which might cause the membrane to become rigid. Because the double bonds provide room between the phospholipids, this characteristic also plays a role in membrane fluidity. It will keep the molecule from freezing when the temperature drops.
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During the 1973 eruptions on the island of heimaey, residents used blank______ to build barriers that diverted lava flows away from their economically important fishing port.
During the 1973 eruptions on the island of heimaey, residents used blank Pyroclastic materials to build barriers that diverted lava flows away from their economically important fishing port.
What are Pyroclastic materials?
Pyroclastic materials is another known name for vapor, lava fragments and clouds of ash carried through the air. Movement of pyroclastic materials through the air is always rapidly and hot because vapor provides its buoyancy. Due to its general make-up and the rapid/hot movement, these materials are capable for destroying life and property within their paths and can extend miles away from the volcano.
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1. How might Margaret Mead have been biased by her culture and experience when she examined the culture of the Samoans?
2. Do you think any human universals appear in all cultures? Can you think of any universal taboos?
3. One of the main criticisms of Mead was that she did not use "science" in her approach to the study of Samoan people and culture. While she is also criticized for not spending enough time in Samoa to make a proper assessment, she used observation methods to come to her conclusions. Assess how effective you think observation is to the study of anthropology. In the case of Margaret Mead, do you think her observations were correct? Why or why not?
4. Why do you think Mead's own sexuality and identity were discussed in the article?
5. How can a researcher eliminate their own bias and subjectivity when they observe another culture? Won’t they always interpret what they see through the lens of their own experience and culture? Explain your thinking.
It is to be noted that the cited article is "Margaret Mead: Human Nature and the Power of Culture." See the explanation and answers below for further information.
How might Margaret Mead have been biased by her culture and experience when she examined the culture of the Samoans?Margaret Mead's examination of Samoan culture may have been influenced by her own culture and experience because:
Her perception of how adolescents should behave based on her environment and upbringing may have colored her observation and expected results. Note that it is insufficient to conclude by observing two cultures what a generally accepted behavior for adolescents should be.
There are universal taboos in human nature. According to Sigmund Freud, some of them are Cannibalism, incest, and patricide.
It is appropriate to assess the strength of Mead's arguments based on the methodology she employed to conduct her study. Science should be practical and realistic.
While observation is one approach to acquiring primary evidence, there is no way to tell if the Samoans were being nice because she was a tourist and so did not act as they would if she were not present.
In science, observations should be carried out in such a way that the population or sample being observed is not harmed while the observer stays unknown.
Mead's identity and sexuality were included in the piece since it was critical that the report on her own report be neutral. Although it is not stated directly, the information provided regarding Mead's sexuality offers the reader a sense of the probable factors that may have led to her being subjective, if at all.
Unless such a study is subjected to peer review, it cannot be guaranteed that certain components of subjectivity will not be present.
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the action potential on the muscle cell leads to contraction due to the release of calcium ions. where are calcium ions stored in the muscle cell? view available hint(s)for part f the action potential on the muscle cell leads to contraction due to the release of calcium ions. where are calcium ions stored in the muscle cell? terminal cisterns (cisternae) of the sarcoplasmic reticulum cytosol sarcolemma t tubule
The correct answer is sarcoplasmic reticulum cytosol sarcolemma t tubule terminal cisterns (cisternae).
The action potential invades T-tubules and opens L-type calcium channels, causing ryanodine receptors (RyRs) in the SR to open and release calcium, stimulating contraction. Calcium ions cause muscle contractions. In response to an action potential, the sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium ions, which bind to troponin on actin filaments and cause conformational changes that expose myosin-binding sites. Tropomyosin's tertiary structure is altered when calcium ions bind to it. As a result, tropomyosin moves away from actin-myosin binding sites, allowing cross bridges to form. Calcium ions also activate the enzyme ATP hydrolase, which hydrolyzes ATP and provides energy for contraction.
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disease-causing agent pathogen 2. an animal or insect that is known to transmit a specific disease phagocytes 3. white blood cells that eliminate the chances of infection non-infectious 4. non-communicable; cannot be spread through casual contact vector
1. disease-causing agent are Pathogens
2. an animal or insect that is known to transmit a specific disease is a vector
3. white blood cells that eliminate the chances of infection is called Phagocytes
4. non-communicable; cannot be spread through casual contact are called non-infcetious.
What are diseases and infections?
Infection, often the first step, occurs when bacteria, viruses or other microbes that cause disease enter your body and begin to multiply. Disease occurs when the cells in your body are damaged — as a result of the infection — and signs and symptoms of an illness appear.
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If there is an if number of water molecules inside and outside the cell, how will the water move?
Responses
Out of the cell only
Out of the cell only
Into and out of the cell in equal amounts
Into and out of the cell in equal amounts, EndFragment,
It will not move
It will not move
Into the cell only
Into the cell only
If there is an X number of water molecules inside and outside the cell, the the water will not move.
Because the cell is placed in the isotonic solution.
Isotonic Solution- Solutions that contain the same concentration of water and solutes as the cell cytoplasm are called isotonic solutions. Cells placed in an isotonic solution will neither shrink nor swell since there is no net gain or loss of water.
Cell- As in the case of bacteria and protozoans, a single cell can be a whole organism in and of itself. In multicellular creatures like higher plants and animals, specialized cell groups are arranged into tissues and organs. Prokaryotic cells & eukaryotic cells are two different kinds of cells.
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Scientists have produced a hybrid plant that was the result of the fertilization of gametes between one plant with a diploid number of 24 and another with a diploid number of 20. How many chromosomes would the diploid hybrid plant have?.
The diploid hybrid plant will have 22 chromosomes.
During fertilization, chromosomes of both parent plants are taken equally. First plant has 24 diploid chromosome. Second plant has 20 diploid chromosomes. Since fertilization involves the union of gametes from both parent plants, 12 diploid chromosomes are taken from the first plant while 10 diploid chromosomes are gotten from the second plant, hence, the hybrid plant will be made up of 22 diploid chromosomes.
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The __________ nerve connects with the auditory nerve to relay information to the brain about balance. a. cochlear b. vestibular c. optical d. kinesthetic please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answer:
Kinesthetic
Explanation:
Even with your eyes closed you can tell where your limbs are located and in which direction you are going, thanks to the kinesthetic nerve.
Answer:
B. Vestibular
Explanation:
edge 2022
Pls help!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
treppe is the phenomenon that results in . treppe is the phenomenon that results in . a progressive increase in the force generated with repetitive stimulation maximal force production by a skeletal muscle motor unit recruitment an increase in the stimulation frequency
Treppe refers to the graduated increase in contractions caused by the exposure of the muscle to several identical stimuli. Option A is correct. A progressive increase in the force generated with repetitive stimulation
What is treppe?
When several identical stimuli are applied to a resting muscle, they generate a series of contractions that increase gradually.
Treppe is the gradual increase in muscle contraction as it is constantly exited by these repeated stimuli.
Treppe results in more forceful contractions.
Option A is correct. A progressive increase in the force generated with repetitive stimulation
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