Among the following oxides Al2O3 is the most acidic.
An acidic oxide is an oxide that when combined with water gives acid. A basic oxide is an oxide that when combined with water gives off a base. Consider when a substance reacts chemically, both as a base or acid is termed as amphoteric oxide. Neutral Oxide is one that neither has an acidic characteristic nor a basic one.
Acidic oxides are generally those that are electron deficient species or generally those that have the high oxidation number. Considering this Na2O, Li2O, CaO are metallic oxide of s block. These metallic oxides powerful bases, while Al2O3 is metallic oxide of p block which has comparatively more acidic character. Hence, it is the most acidic oxide among all. CO2 is also a strong acid but it is weaker than Al2O3.
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why only the 2 flasks were inflated with gas (and the others did not)? what are the best conditions (explain each: best temperature, best amount of food, and best ph) that would yield the most amount of fermentation product? why did the litmus paper turn red in the experiment? what are the products of fermentation?
Fermentation can be defined as an anaerobic process in which energy can be released from glucose even if oxygen is not available.
Explain the above process.
1.Sucrose in presence of yeast gives Ethanol + CO2
The evolution of CO2 is the reason of inflation, if sugar is not present in the any of the flask reaction doesn't occur and no inflation.
2.The optimum temperature range for yeast fermentation is 32-35 degree Celsius.
Optimum pH range is 4.0-8.5
Carbohydrates containing food are best for fermentation.
Products of fermentation are alcohol and CO2. Type of alcohol depends on the type of food used for fermentation.
3. Litmus paper turns red because the product is alcohol.
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consider the vaporization of liquid water to steam at a pressure of 1 atm. (a) is this process endothermic or exothermic? (b) in what temperature range is it a spontaneous process? (c) in what temperature range is it a nonspontaneous process? (d) at what temperature are the two phases in equilibrium?
The vaporization of liquid water to steam at a pressure of 1 atm is given. then a) endothermic; b) above 100 °C; c) below 100 °C ; d)100 °C.
What is vaporization?Phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor is called Vaporization. Types of vaporization are as : evaporation and boiling, in which evaporation is a surface phenomenon and boiling is a bulk phenomenon.
a)The vaporization of water requires addition of the heat of vaporization for the given mass of water and also the heat required to raise the water to the boiling point.
b)The boiling of water is a spontaneous process above the boiling point for water that is 100 °C.
c)It is a non-spontaneous process below the boiling point of water that we know is 100 °C.
d) The two phases are in equilibrium at 100 °C.
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what is the oxidation state of each element in febr3?
The potential charge an atom would have if every one of its links to other atoms were fully ionic is known as the oxidation state, also known as the oxidation number. It describes how much an atom in a chemical molecule has been oxidized. The oxidation state can theoretically be positive, negative, or zero.
FeBr3
Br will remain in its normal oxidation state, which is -1, because it is more electronegative than Fe.
Let Fe's oxidation state now be "x."
x + (3*-1) = 0
=> x = +3
Answers: Fe : +3 & Br : -1
The total number of electrons that have been removed from an element (creating a positive oxidation state) or added to an element (creating a negative oxidation state) to get it to its current state is the oxidation state of an atom.
One of these oxidation laws states that a free, neutral element has an oxidation number of zero. A monoatomic ion's charge is the same as its oxidation number. For Group IA elements, the oxidation number is always 1. For Group IIA elements, the oxidation number is always +2.
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why was ice used to cool the distillate in the e1 experiment? the distillate is volatile the distillate contains acid mixtures of immiscible compounds have a lower boiling point
Ice water used to cool the distillate in the E1 experiment because the distillate is volatile in nature and present in vapour form.
What is Distillation?Distillation is the process of separating the components or substances from a liquid mixture by using selective boiling and condensation.
What is an E1 experiment in Chemistry?Unsaturated compounds are produced during elimination processes. An alkene is created during the removal of alcohol. Alkyl halides also go through elimination processes. We will do an acid-catalyzed elimination using a secondary alcohol that is second order (E1), meaning that the rate of reaction depends on how quickly the intermediate carbocation may be produced.
Why to use ice water in E1 experiment?Ice water helps in condensing or cooling down the vapours coming to the condensing tube (i.e. distillate).
Because the resulting alkene has a low boiling point, the receiver flask is put in an ice water bath to keep it cool throughout the reaction and distillation.
Hence, Ice water used to cool the distillate in the E1 experiment because the distillate is volatile in nature and present in vapour form.
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The charge on the positive ion becomes the __________
of the negative ion.
The charge on the negative ion becomes the subscript of the
_______ ion.
2. note 1 in part 1 of the procedure warns against the use of acetone to rinse glassware for this experiment. why should acetone be avoided? briefly explain
Acetone is avoided because can harm the nervous system. Symptoms include headache nausea dizziness lightheadedness and confusion. Severe exposure may result in unconsciousness. Skin Contact May cause slight irritation.
Do not breathe vapors. Avoid contact with eyes skin and cloth. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use. The storage area should be cool, well-ventilated, and away from sources of ignition and heat. Breathing or swallowing large amounts of acetone in a short period of time can cause headaches confusion nausea increased heart rate changes in blood cell size and count and unconsciousness or coma.
Inhalation of acetone may irritate the nose throat lungs and eyes. Acetone occurs in humans as a byproduct of fat metabolism. Excessive accumulation of acetone to levels that the liver has difficulty breaking down results in severe acetone toxicity. Volumes of 10-20 liters have no serious effects. However, volumes over 50 L are considered toxic.
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g in your own words, summarize the issue of ocean acidification: what is it and what's causing it?
Ocean acidification refers to a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time, caused primarily by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.
Because of human-driven increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, there is more CO2 dissolving into the ocean. The ocean's average pH is now around 8.1, which is basic (or alkaline), but as the sea continues to absorb more CO2, the pH decreases and the ocean becomes more acidic.
How does ocean acidification affect us?
Ocean acidification can modify the abundance and chemical composition of harmful algal blooms in such a way that shellfish toxicity increases and, therefore, human health are negatively affected.
How we can reduce ocean acidification?
The most effective way to limit ocean acidification is to act on climate change, implementing solutions to dramatically reduce the use of fossil fuels. If we dramatically cut our global warming emissions, and we limit future warming, we can significantly reduce the harm to marine ecosystems.
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In step #2 of the procedure, you weighed out and used 2 g of benzaldehyde instead of 1. 17 g.
The calculated percentage yield will not change because in this reaction acetone is the limiting reactant and not benzaldehyde. Hence, the excess amount of benzaldehyde does not affect the yield.
What is percentage yield?The percentage yield of a reaction is the ratio of actual yield to the theoretical yield multiplied by 100. It determines how much of the reaction is completed.
In the reaction of benzaldehyde with acetone the yield of the precipitate dibenzalacetone is dependent on the acetone since it is the limiting reactant which determines the amount of product.
Therefore, the changed amount of benzaldehyde does not affected to the yield.
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Your question is incomplete. But your complete question was as follows:
In step #2 of the procedure, you weighed out and used 2 g of benzaldehyde instead of 1. 17 g .Would the calculated percentage yield of the precipitate (dibenzalacetone)
be too high
, too low, or
unaffected by the following?
Explain how we can use length to measure mass.
The lenght multiply with the tall and the tichkness
what are the major products obtained upon treatment of methyl phenyl ether with excess hbr? multiple choice phenol and bromomethane correct phenol and methanol bromobenzene and bromomethane bromobenzene and methanol
Phenol and bromomethane are the major products obtained upon treatment of methyl phenyl ether with excess HBr.
What do you mean by Phenol and Bromomethane?
Phenols are a class of chemical compounds which consist of a hydroxyl group (—OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. The simplest of the class is phenol, C6H5OH. Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge discovered Phenol in the year 1834. It was extracted from coal tar.
Bromomethane, commonly known as methyl bromide, is an organobromine compound with formula CH3Br. It is a colorless, odorless, nonflammable gas which is produced both industrially and biologically. It consist of a a tetrahedral shape and is recognized as a ozone-depleting chemical.
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what is the major product(s) to be expected on application of the hydroboration/oxidation procedure of (z)-3-methyl-2-pentene?
Alcohols are produced via the two step hydroboration-oxidation process. In an Anti-Markovnikov process, the boron connects to the alkene bouble bond's least substituted carbon while the hydrogen (from BH3 or BHR2) attaches to the more substituted carbon.
What is Hydroboration ?A limiting reagent is one that is completely consumed during a reaction, hence restricting the product's yield. Compared to the limiting reagent, the other reactant(s) are present in excess. The amount of product that could be produced based on the molar ratios is known as the theoretical yield. The amount that was actually retrieved is divided by the theoretical yield to determine the percent yield. For this amount to be expressed as a percentage, multiply it by 100.
What is Oxidation procedure ?A chemical process called oxidation occurs. As a result of atoms or groups of atoms losing electrons, it is described as a process. The addition or loss of oxygen or hydrogen in a chemical species is another method to define oxidation. When these things happen, oxidation occurs.
When an atom, molecule, or ion loses one or more electrons during a chemical reaction, oxidation takes place. The chemical species' oxidation state increases while oxidation takes place. Oxygen is not always necessary for oxidation to occur. The phrase was initially used when oxygen produced an electron loss during a process.
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Question 18 of 20
Which two options are forms of kinetic energy?
A. Sound energy
B. Chemical energy
C. Gravitational energy
D. Nuclear energy
E. Thermal energy
SUBMI
The two options are forms of kinetic energy are : the sound energy and the thermal energy.
The two forms of kinetic energy are : the sounds energy and the thermal energy. The kinetic energy is the type of energy that an object posses because of its motion. The five forms of the kinetic energy are : The mechanical energy , the electrical energy , the light energy , the thermal energy and the sound energy. so, the kinetic energy is the energy due to the motion of object.
Thus, The two options are forms of kinetic energy are : the sound energy and the thermal energy.
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What is the ph of a buffer system prepared by dissolving 10. 70 grams of nh4cl and 35. 00 ml of 12 mol l-1 nh3 in enough water to make 1. 000 l of solution? kb = 1. 80 × 10-5 for nh3.
9.577 is the ph of a buffer system prepared by dissolving 10. 70 grams of nh4cl and 35. 00 ml of 12 mol l-1 nh3 in enough water to make 1. 000 l of solution.
Mass ,NH4Cl = 10.7 g
Volume ,NH3 = 35 mL = 0.035 L
Molarity NH3 = 12 M
no. moles of NH4Cl = mass/molar mass
Molar mass, NH3 = 53.49 g/mol
no. moles NH4Cl = 10.7/53.49
no. moles NH4Cl; n_acid = 0.2 mol
no. moles NH3 = Volume × molarity
no. moles of NH3 = 0.035 × 12
no. moles NH3; base = 0.42 mol
kb = 1.8 × 10^(-5)
Pkb = -log kb
Pkb = -log(1.8 × 10^(-5))
Pkb = 4.745
Pka = 14 - Pkb
Pka = 14 - 4.745
Pka = 9.255
PH = Pka + log(n_base/n_acid)
PH = 9.255 + log(0.42/0.2)
PH = 9.577
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The bond order of any molecule containing equal numbers of bonding and antibonding electrons is ________.
The bond order for any molecule having an equal number of bonding and antibonding electrons is zero.
The "degree" of the bond is best described by the bond order. For instance, the bond order of a triple bond is 3, while the bond order of double bond is 2. One can imagine that each electron contributes to the bonding or antibonding characteristic. Half of the bonding feature is contributed by each electron in a bonding molecular orbital. Half of the antibonding feature is contributed by each electron in an antibonding molecular orbital. Bond order is zero when bonding and antibonding character are equal. Therefore, the bond order is 0 when the number of bonding and antibonding electrons is equal.
Mathematical proof is also possible.
Bond Order: ½(Antibonding electrons - bonding electrons)
When both are equal. Suppose number of both electrons is x then,
Bond Order: ½(x – x) = 0
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In a coffee-cup calorimeter, 50.0 mL of 0.800 M calcium nitrate are added to 50.0 mL of 1.600 M sodium fluoride, and a precipitate forms. The initial temperature of both solutions is 20.00°C.
Assume the specific heat of the resulting solution is 4.18J/(g.°C) and the density is 1.00 g/mL.
Calculate the final temperature of the solution.
The final temperature of the solution based on the heat change is 21.1
°C.
What is the final temperature of the solution formed when 50.0 mL of 0.800 M calcium nitrate is added to 50.0 mL of 1.600 M sodium fluoride?The final temperature of the solution formed when 50.0 mL of 0.800 M calcium nitrate are added to 50.0 mL of 1.600 M sodium fluoride is calculated as follows:
moles of ion = volume in liters * concentrationmoles of Ca⁺ = 50 * 1/1000 * 0.8
moles of Ca⁺ = 0.04 moles
moles of F⁻ = 50 * 1/1000 * 1.6
moles of F⁻ = 0.08 moles
Equation of precipitation reaction:
Ca²⁺ (aq) + 2 F⁻ (aq) → CaF₂(s) ΔH° = -11.5 kJAmount of heat released by 0.04 moles of Ca²⁺ = -11.5 * 0.04
Amount of heat released by 0.04 moles of Ca²⁺ = 0.46 kJ or 460 kJ
Temperature change = Heat change / mass * specific heat capacitymass of solution = volume * density
mass of solution = 100 * 1 g/mL
mass of solution = 100 g
Temperature change = 460 / (100 * 4.18)
Temperature change = 1.1 °C
Final temperature = 20.00 + 1.100 °C
Final temperature = 21.1 °C
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Complete question:
When 50.0 mL of 0.400 M Ca(NO3)2 is added to 50.0 mL of 0.800 M NaF, CaF2 precipitates, as shown in the net ionic equation below. The initial temperature of both solutions is 30.00°C. Assuming that the reaction goes to completion and that the resulting solution has a mass of 100.00 g and a specific heat of 4.18 J/(g ∙ °C), calculate the final temperature of the solution.
Ca²⁺ (aq) + 2 F⁻ (aq) → CaF₂(s) ΔH° = -11.5 kJ
What evidence is there that mass/weight is conserved during a chemical reaction? Explain your observation
using scientific reasoning. Be sure to include what happens to the atoms during the chemical reaction. (This question is about baking soda and vinegar mixed together in a dry bottle.)
Answer:
In a chemical reaction, the number of atoms of each element involved must remain the same. This can be observed when baking soda and vinegar are mixed together in a dry bottle. The atoms of each element are rearranged to form new compounds, but the total number of atoms does not change.
which 2 layers of the earth are made out of rock and what are the 2 not made out of rock
Crust and mantle are the layers made up of rock whereas the inner core and outer core are not made up of rock.
What are the crust and mantle layers of the earth?The mantle is present below the crust which is about 2900 km thick. It comprises hot, dense rocks made up of iron and magnesium. The crust and the upper portion of the mantle make up the lithosphere which is divided into plates that is large and small.
Earth has three layers i.e. the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is made of solid rocks as well as minerals. The mantle layer is present beneath the crust layer which is also mostly made up of solid rocks and minerals as well as semi-solid magma.
So we can conclude that Crust and mantle are rocky layers whereas the inner core and outer core are not.
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1. identify the carbon and nitrogen sources for enterobacter in the citrate test. name six end products that result from the citrate test. identify the ph of the final product and describe how it happens. describe the appearance of a positive test result.
Simmons citrate agar includes other nutrients, the pH indicator bromthymol blue, sodium citrate as the only source of carbon, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as the only source of nitrogen. This test, which is a component of the IMViC assays, is useful for identifying various Enterobacteriaceae.
What are the sources of Carbon and nitrogen ?The primary source of nitrogen in atmospheric deposition is the combustion of fossil fuels like coal and oil. Nitrogen may be deposited in the atmosphere as dry particulates, gases, and droplets or as a wet form such as rain, snow, hail, fog, and freezing rain.
For life, the elements carbon and nitrogen are crucial. All living organisms depend on them for the molecular building blocks of their cells and tissues.
What are Enterobacter ?A widespread genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family is called Enterobacter. It belongs to the type genus of the Enterobacterales order.
Animal intestines serve as the organisms' primary natural habitat, hence the name Enterobacter (from the Greek enteron, which means "intestine"). Enterobacter are omnipresent in nature and are widely dispersed in sewage, water, and soil as a result of their presence in animal intestinal tracts.
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A teacher asks a student to design an investigation using the reaction of chlorine with potassium iodide to create iodine and potassium chloride. The student starts
with an aqueous solution of chloride of unknown molarity and dissolves two grams of potassium chloride into the solution to begin the reaction. The iodine falls out of
solution as a solid precipitate. The equation for this reaction is shown.
Cl₂ +2KI → 1₂+2KC1
Assuming the reaction completes, what measurement could the student use to determine the limiting reactant?
O
A the change in molarity after adding the Kl
с
the weight of l2 at the end of the reaction
the heat generated by adding the KI
D the time it takes the l2 precipitate to form
Measuring the change in molarity after adding the KI, the heat generated by adding the KI, or the time it takes the I2 precipitate to form would not provide information about the limiting reactant, as they are not directly related to the amount of iodine that can be formed.
What is Precipitation?
Precipitation is a chemical reaction that results in the formation of a solid product from a homogeneous solution. The solid product is called a precipitate and is formed when the dissolved ions or molecules in a solution react chemically with each other to form a compound that is insoluble in the solvent.
To determine the limiting reactant in the given reaction, the student could measure the weight of iodine (I2) precipitate that forms at the end of the reaction. This is because the limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed during the reaction, and in this case, the reactant that limits the amount of iodine that can be formed.
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A mixture of 15. 0 g of the anesthetic halothane (c2hbrclf3 197. 4 g/mol) and 22. 6 g of oxygen gas has a total pressure of 862 torr. What are the partial pressures of each gas?.
The partial pressure of C₂HBrClF₃ and O₂ are 84 torr and 778 torr respectively.
Given,
Mass of C₂HBrClF₃ = 15.0 g
Mass of O₂ = 22.6 g
Molar mass of C₂HBrClF₃ = 197.4 g/mole
Molar mass of O₂ = 32 g/mole
Raoult's Law:
Psolution = ΧsolventP0solvent
Psolution = vapour pressure of the solution
Χsolvent = mole fraction of the solvent
P0solvent = vapour pressure of the pure solvent
What is Raoult's Law?
According to Raoult's law, a solvent's partial vapour pressure in a solution (or mixture) is equal to or identical to the pure solvent's vapour pressure multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution.
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Which of these "curved arrows" describe a mechanism for the formation of a carbocation that has roughly the same stability as this one? HHH - H- C- C 70-I CH H H-C-H Н AA only [B] B only [C] C only [D] B and C only [E] A and C only Explanation for your choice (4 pts)
The correct answer is B and C only.
Nonlinear arrows with barbs on one-stop are used to signify electron waft. A double-barbed arrow suggests the motion of an electron pair, while an unmarried-barbed arrow indicates the movement of an unmarried electron. A full head on the arrow indicates the movement or shift of an electron pair A partial head at the arrow indicates the shift of an unmarried electron.
The factor of the curved double-headed arrow is to expose the movement of an electron pair. They start on the tail and end up at the pinnacle. Arrows are universally acknowledged for indicating guidelines. they may be broadly used on signage and for wayfinding, and are frequently used in avenue surface markings. Upward arrows are frequently used to indicate a growth in a numerical fee and downward arrows suggest a decrease.
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Calculate the number of moles of He atoms present in 5.55 g of He.
2
The number of moles of He atoms present in 5.55 g of He is 1.3 moles
Mole is the SI unit of amount of substance of a specified elementary entity and the the helium is the chemical element and inert gas element
Here given data is
He = 5.55 g
Molar mass of He = 4.0g/mol
So number of moles = 5.55 g of He × 1 mol/4.0g/mol
Number of moles = 1.3 mole
The number of moles of He atoms present in 5.55 g of He is 1.3 mole
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write the balanced equation for this reaction, and explain how it is possible for 10 grams of methane fuel to burn and emit 27 grams of carbon dioxide. discuss whether or not this reaction obeys the law of conservation of mass. source stylesnormalfontsize
The balanced equation is CH4(g)+2O2(g)→CO2(g)+2H2O(g) In the burning reaction, methane (CH₄) reacts with oxygen (O₂) to produce carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O): CH₄ + 2 O₂ → CO₂ + 2 H₂O
This reaction obeys the law of conservation of mass because nothing was created or destroyed just rearranged.
This means that the total mass of reactants and products involved in the equation must be the same. A balanced chemical equation always obeys the law of conservation of mass. According to this law, the mass of the product must equal the mass of the reactants. A chemical reaction is said to be balanced when the total mass of the atoms on both sides of the chemical reaction is equal.
According to this law, both physical and chemical changes follow the law of conservation of mass. Nuclear reactions are the only ones that do not obey the law of conservation of mass. In chemical reactions, atoms are neither created nor destroyed. Reactant atoms simply rearrange to form products. Therefore, there is no mass change in chemical reactions.
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How did the gummy bear’s “skin” act as a selectively permeable membrane?
Any material such as in this case the gummy bear’s “skin” acts as a selectively permeable membrane if it allows the passage of certain substances from both sides of the barrier.
What is a selectively permeable membrane?A selectively permeable membrane is any barrier that allows the movement of substances to both sides in regard to concentration gradients or the presence of certain structures such as channel proteins in the case of the cell membrane.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a selectively permeable membrane such as the cell membrane allows the movement of substances between both sides of the barrier in a selective way.
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Which element has chemical properties that are most similar to the chemical properties of sulfur, s?.
Answer:
tellurium
Explanation:
Thus, elements under the same group share similar chemical properties. Among the given elements, only tellurium belongs to group 16, and is, hence, the only element among the choices that is similar chemically to sulfur.
I need help with my project!!!!!
Unit Essential Question: How can we harness Earth's energy for our community's needs?
Problem:
We need environmentally-friendly forms of energy.
Wind and solar farms take up lots of space/habitats, and
impact the animals around them.
Challenge
There's a new parcel of land that is being developed in the Antelope
Valley and three companies are bidding on the contract. One company will use solar energy to power the
development, one company plans to use wind power, and your company is using geothermal energy to
power it. Many people don't want to see solar and wind farms for aesthetic reasons and for harm to
natural habitats. So, there's been a growing demand for geothermal energy.
You will be developing a parcel of land with a building that harnesses
geothermal energy from the ground below. You will make a plan and
present it to the class. Create a slides presentation.
Project Criteria for Success:
To prepare for your presentation, discuss the components below. In your presentation, please include the
following:
• A description of your building or development - including what type of building you used (i.e.
school, housing, hospital, church, ranch/farm, park, etc...).
A model (i.e. diagram, physical, or simulation) that describes the forms of energy (i.e. kinetic and
potential energy) involved in your building
how energy (i.e. thermal energy) is transferred in your building
A discussion about the benefits and drawbacks of using geothermal energy in the Antelope Valley
as compared to solar and wind as an energy source.
Answer:
Use a school
Explanation:
You could use a building like a school then you could use the lights as thermal energy then you make up an example of potential energy and when is this assignment due?
What would life on Earth be like without the Sun?
The world would be dark without sunlight. Animals, vegetation, and people would not exist. Without other life, there wouldn't be any.
There won't be any light from the Moon. Only because sunlight reflects off of the Moon can we see it. The Moon would vanish as the sunlight that was illuminating it did. The numerous other celestial objects in the sky, such planets, that humans can only see because of the Sun's reflected light, would also fall under this category.
Earth would swiftly become much colder without the Sun's warmth. Fortunately, Earth's ability to retain heat means that humans wouldn't immediately freeze. But life would start getting much harder right away.
Although no one can foresee the future with certainty what will happen, scientists believe that within a week or so, the average worldwide surface temperature would fall below 0 degrees Fahrenheit. You've probably endured temperature like these before during the chilly winter months.
The issue is that the temperature would keep progressively dropping. The average surface temperature of the entire planet might fall much below -100° F in just one year! The world's sea's surface layers would have frozen over by then. Although the deep waters below would be kept liquid for hundreds of thousands of years by the frozen upper layers of the oceans, they would finally freeze as Earth headed toward a stable average global surface temperature of roughly -400° F. Any remaining humans would then be exposed to the severe cosmic radiation that comes from space because the atmosphere would likewise have frozen and dropped to Earth by that time.
All photosynthesis on Earth would cease if the Sun's rays were to disappear. All living things that depend on plants for food, including humans, will eventually perish along with all plants. While some resourceful people might be able to live without the Sun for a few days, weeks, or even years, it would eventually become impossible to sustain life on Earth.
Hence, There will be no life on earth because sun is the ultimate source.
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What do you call the outermost electrons that are free to move between atoms in metals?a. cloud of electrons b. electro positivity c. sea of electrons d. electron configuration â
Answer:
Valence Electron
Explanation:
Valence electron
The outermost electrons that are free to move between atoms in metals is called as Electro positivity.
What do you mean by electropositivity?
"Electropositivity is the propensity of an atom to donate electrons and generate positively charged cations," says the definition. The majority of metallic elements, especially the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals, exhibit electropositivity.
It's crucial to remember that electropositivity is the reverse of electronegativity, which gauges an atom's propensity to pick up electrons and produce negatively charged anions. In light of this, very electropositive elements have very low electronegativities, and highly electronegative elements have very low electropositivity.Electronegative elements often have a low propensity to lose electrons to create cations, while electropositive elements typically have a low propensity to gain electrons to form anionsElectronegative and electropositive components frequently combine to generate ionic salts.Example: A strongly electropositive element like sodium, for instance, rapidly gives up an electron to achieve a stable electronic state. Contrarily, chlorine is a very electronegative element that rapidly receives an electron to form a stable octet. In order to produce sodium chloride, sodium and chlorine can thus create an ionic connection (an ionic salt with the chemical formula NaCl).
Hence, the outermost electrons that are free to move between atoms in metals are termed Electro positivity.
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What is the most common form of kinetic energy that is released from chemical energy in chemical reactions?.
The most common form of kinetic energy that is released from chemical energy in chemical reactions is Thermal Energy.
What do you mean by Thermal energy in chemistry?
Thermal energy is also referred to as heat energy. It is produced when a rise in temperature which causes atoms and molecules to move faster and collide with each other. The energy that is generated due to the temperature of the heated substance is called thermal energy.
Examples of thermal energy include : Solar Energy. Solar radiation, Geothermal Energy ,Heat Energy From the Oceans and Fuel Cell Energy.
There are three types of thermal energy transfer
conductionradiation convection.Hence, the most common form of kinetic energy that is released from chemical energy in chemical reactions is Thermal Energy.
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which can decrease the presence of air bubbles in carbomers? i. introduce a carbomer into water slowly. ii. sprinkling a sieved powder into the vortex created by slowly stirring the medium. iii. once all powder is added, reduce speed.
Sprinkling a sieved powder into the vortex created by slowly stirring the medium can decrease the presence of air bubbles in carbomers
What is Air bubbles in carbomers?To simulate ebullition from lake sediments, air bubbles are injected into a Carbopol column that has a water cap on top. When the first bubble rises through the carbopol, it creates an invisible path. In contrast to the original bubble, subsequent bubbles rise along this path and split into two distinct bubbles. The smaller breakdown bubble separates and is confined inside the carbopol as the larger leading bubble rises through the water column.
Water from the upper layer progressively fills a conduit that forms above this breakup bubble.
This conduit grows until it reaches an equilibrium depth, at which point it begins to contract. The rising bubbles in the conduit resemble Taylor bubbles but are moving at speeds that are 5-7 times greater than their maximum speed.
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