1 – Internal Strife
In ‘The History of Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire’, Edward Gibbon had a controversial theory. He claimed the rise of Christianity contributed to the fall of Rome as it bred a ‘turn the other cheek’ mentality. He also claimed the religion valued idle and unproductive people and also led to internal divisions. Gibbon wrote this in the 18th century, and modern historians tend to disagree with his analysis.
Gibbon’s claim that Rome was subject to moral decay probably holds more water. In the 2nd Century BC, Polybius wrote of a decline in moral virtue that led to the fall of the Republic. The same affliction appeared to damage the empire. The original ideals, values, and traditions upon which Rome was founded declined and were replaced by a notion that life was cheap and depravity, gluttony, and cruelty were the norm.
The Senate acted as an advisory body, but corrupt and power-hungry rulers routinely ignored this advice. Angry senators would plot against the leader and decisions were never made for the good of the empire. The Praetorian Guard were the personal bodyguards of the emperor, but they too became drunk on power. Eventually, they decided who would be emperor and would routinely murder the person on the throne.
The Third Century Crisis almost destroyed the Empire and paved the way for its eventual downfall. From 235-284 AD, there were at least 26 emperors and all, but a handful was murdered. Rome’s traditional trade network collapsed during this period so by the time Diocletian brought an end to the Crisis; the Empire was on its last legs.
2 Economic Deterioration
As is the case with all great empires, Rome was founded on a strong economic foundation. By its peak in 117 AD, the empire spanned approximately 1.5 million square kilometers and was inhabited by around 130 million people. Trade was crucial to the growth of the Roman economy and its outstanding transport system allowed a huge variety of goods to be imported across its borders. However, governing the empire was an expensive task with enormous military, administrative and logistical costs. A combination of several factors resulted in hyperinflation, heavy taxes, a localization of trade and ultimately, a crippling financial crisis.
The denarius was the main coin used in the first 200+ years of the empire. When it was created, each coin contained 4.5 grams of pure silver and was the equivalent of a day’s wages for the average craftsman/skilled laborer.
Nero was one of the first emperors to devalue the denarius, and by the time Gallienus took the throne in 253 AD, the coins contained approximately 5% silver and consisted of a bronze core with a thin layer of silver. By 265 AD, the denarius contained 0.5% silver; the result was inflation of up to 1,000% across the empire. By this time, Rome had no more enemies to steal from so taxation was raised. The resulting mess completely paralyzed trade. By the end of the 3rd Century AD, the vast majority of trade was localized with barter methods used instead of the exchange of currency. To make matters worse, the empire faced an intense labor deficit. For centuries, the empire relied on slaves to work as craftsmen and till the fields. In the latter part of the Republic and the first 150 or so years of the Empire, constant conquest meant there was a steady supply of slaves. By the 2nd Century AD, Roman expansion had practically ground to a halt, so the supply of slaves dried up along with the accompanying plunder. Later on, there was a growing humanitarian sentiment within the empire (when Christianity became the main religion) as Romans began to realize that slavery was wrong. A significant proportion of slaves were freed; this exacerbated the labor problem.
3 – The Split Empire
When Diocletian became emperor in 284 AD, he realized that it was no longer possible for one man to rule the vast empire. He made Maximian his co-emperor sometime in 285 AD with Empire split into east and west; Nicomedia was the original capital although it was changed to Constantinople in 330 AD. From this point onwards, the Senate would be ignored. In the past, it had advised the emperor on matters of state. The power of the empire was supposed to be based on an active military which became a problem when the empire’s military strength waned.
Some of the later emperors never even set foot in Rome and while the division offered an initial boost in strength, it ultimately made the Western Empire more vulnerable to attack. Rome had been having issues with Germanic tribes for centuries but was usually able to repel them or buy them off with land, an invitation to join the army or citizenship. The split became permanent in 330 AD.
Both halves of the empire prospered equally until the defeat of Eastern Emperor Valens at Adrianople in 378 AD. East and West effectively broke apart due to internal and external problems during the reign of Theodosius the West.
what right was established by the Supreme Court’s ruling in this case?
Explanation:
To multiply three factors, we first multiply two of the factors together. Then we multiply the product we get by the third factor. Since multiplication is commutative, we may multiply numbers in any order.
Answer: B I hope this helps ;)
Connections between the declaration of independence and the first prinple popular sovereignty be sure to include a quote from the declaration of independance
Answer:
We can find the principle of popular sovereignty in this direct quote from the declaration of independence:
"Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed"
In the quote, we can see that the founding fathers believed that government authority stemmed from the consent of the governed. In other words, that the legitimacy of government comes from the people, and nothing else.
Which group of Romans led the bloodless revolution against King Tarquinius?
Answer:
Nobles were the group of Romans led the bloodless revolution against King Tarquinius.
Explanation:
Answer:
The answer is B. Also, give the dude above me brainliest
Explanation:
What is Sourcing? What are some non examples of sourcing?
Answer:
Sourcing provides information about an event which happened in the past.
Explanation:
Sourcing in history refers to a document from which we can take information about a historical event i. e. who wrote it and its need for its creation. If we have to study any historical event, we study the sources which was written by the people of that time about that event in their books. So for obtaining information about something that happened in the past we take sourcing as a reference and guidance. Example of sourcing are global sourcing and historical sourcing etc.
What was the significance of Daniel Burnham's Plan of Chicago?
This urban planning effort was a model for the orderly growth of a city
It became the model for the Chicago income and property tax program.
This contest-winning design opened Chicago streets to new forms of transportation.
He used this plan to avoid prosecution for the Chicago fire.
Answer:
This urban planning effort was a model for the orderly growth of a city.
The significance of Daniel Burnham's Plan of Chicago was urban planning effort was a model for the orderly growth of a city. Hence option A is correct .
What was Chicago model ?The Chicago Plan. One of the most famous documents in the history of city planning is the Plan of Chicago of 1909, also known as the Burnham Plan after its major author, architect and city planner Daniel H. Burnham.
The 1909 Plan of Chicago, co-written by Daniel Burnham and Edward H. Bennett and released in 1909, is sometimes referred to as the "Burnham Plan." It suggested a coordinated set of initiatives that included wider and new streets, parks, brand-new train and harbor infrastructure, and public buildings.
The 1909 Plan of Chicago, co-written by Daniel Burnham and Edward H. Bennett and released in 1909, is sometimes referred to as the "Burnham Plan." It suggested a comprehensive set of initiatives, including new and wider streets, parks, and new railroads.
Learn more about Burnham's Plan here
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# SPJ 2
how do the steps taken by leaders of athens reflect a turn down in democracy
Which of these is a compound sentence?
Immigrants who came to work in factories lived in urban neighborhoods.
"Old" immigrants often settled on farms, but most "new" ones lived in cities.
In the past, many immigrants had come from Northern and Western Europe.
Immigrants working long hours and facing crowded living conditions.
Answer:
"Old" immigrants often settled on farms, but most "new" ones lived in cities.
Explanation:
"Old" immigrants often settled on farms, but most "new" ones lived in cities.
first half
second half
these parts of the sentence can "stand alone," therefore making this a compound sentence
its B ................................................. .
Hi, I have a question. I just wanted to know what happened with the twin towers and why they are important. I understand that it was something very bad since many people died but what makes it so important for the country. I will be very grateful if you answer my questions
Answer:
9/11 was so bad because the only goal was death and to scare people. Not only did terrorist attack the twin towers but the pentagon too. Thousands of people lost their lives trying to save others. One example is all the people on one of the planes that found out it had been hijacked and gave their lives to take the plane down before it reached the intended target. This attack was also when the United States declared war on terrorists, security everywhere, especially airports, was strengthened. It also caused many people to be afraid to even go to work.
Explanation:
Answer:
They were destoyed by two hijacked planes. And it is important because the Twin Towers were the World's Trade Center in New York and were very Important to the world.
Explanation: What happened to the Twin Towers in September 11 2001, four planes were hijacked, two of them was the cause of the destruction of the twin towers and one them destroyed half of the Pentagon. While the fourth landed in some place in Penyslavinia but still killed people.
Hope it was helpful!
What theme about tradition and community does this poem convey? Draft an objective summary and then cite key details that help develop the theme over the course of the poem.
To know the subject of a text we must take into account different aspects such as:
Repeating words, phrases, or actionsThe lesson or teaching that leaves the readerThe universal themes or concepts that the poet speaks about in this poemThe theme is a concept that refers to the central message or perception that the writer wants to convey to readers. Usually, the subject of a poem is intended to teach a moral lesson.
Another feature of the theme is that the text can have multiple themes. However, in most cases, there is a recurring central idea in a text that is taken as a central theme.
According to the above, the reader must carry out the following activities to identify the topic of a text:
Identify recurring themes in the poem.The teaching left by the poem.The universal themes that the poem talks about.Note: This question is incomplete because the poem is missing. However, I can answer it based on my previous knowledge.
Learn more in: https://brainly.com/question/10904230
Answer:
Speaker remembers her father, who left his tribal territory to work in the city to provide for his family. His wife tells him to get rid of horns and hides and he drives away his cultural voice diminished.
Why did Spain declare war on England? What happened to the Spanish Armada?
Answer: Spains fundamentalist monarchs wanted to force England back to the “true faith” as the Catholic church viewed Protestantism as Heresy. This pushed England (and later Britain) to give aid to the Netherlands, a Protestant area, under Spanish control.
On May 19, the Invincible Armada set sail from Lisbon on a mission to secure control of the English Channel and transport a Spanish army to the British isle from Flanders. ... Delayed by storms that temporarily forced it back to Spain, the Armada did not reach the southern coast of England until July 19.
Explanation:
How does the illustration of this windmill differ from more modern ones you may have seen?
Answer:
In Modern day winmills all of the gears are not visible and the mechanisim is a bit different
Answer: The one you see in this photograph is one that was not as technological as nowadays we have wind turbines and they are used for our power.
This answer is to not be used for your assignment but to give you a brief explanation about the windmill you see!
What did the line of the Missouri Compromise define?
What does national marketing mean
Answer/Explanation:
According to Google: "The domestic and foreign market in a given country. That is, the national market describes the supply and demand for all securities that are traded in a country. Each national market is governed by the regulations of its own country."
AND another one: "The domestic marketplace for goods and services operating within the borders of and governed by the regulations of a particular country. The health of its home country's national market in terms of the supply and demand for the product that a business offers can be a strong determinant of its success."
Hope this Helps, Please mark Brainliest!
Why were Separatists persecuted in England
Answer:
people believed the church had supreme power
Explanation:
most people back then believed that the church was the only choice people had so religious freedom was not very welcomed
Which of the following did Robert La Follette propose for election reform?
A. changing the voting requirements
B. removing candidate age restrictions
C. limiting campaign contributions
D. lowering the voting age
Answer:
Limiting campaign contributions
Answer:
The answer is C on edg 2020.
Explanation:
Look at the map of the Roman Empire. Which territory is highlighted on the map? the Roman Empire under Justinian before the East-West Schism the Roman Empire under Constantine before the western empire fell the Roman Empire under Constantine after the split within Christianity the Roman Empire under Justinian after the creation of the Byzantine Empire
Answer:
the correct awnser is b
Explanation:
What united the various Indian states and regions?
overseas exploration
a single encompassing
philosophy
trade
a common religion
(PLZ HELP DUE TODAY) Explain how natural resources, transportation, and technology led to and supported the post-Civil War Industrial Revolution
Give at least three examples for each category
Zooey here!!
natural resource: Bauxite, Coal, Copper, Diamonds, Gold Lead, Iron ore, Mineral sands, Natural gas.
Transportation: Ships, Boats, and Wagons.
Technology: Canals, cotton gin, railroad, and telegram.
Hope this helps!!
How did the emperor constantine help the spread of christianity
The emperor Constantine helped the spread of Christianity greatly by allowing his subjects to worship freely. Constantine and Licinius created the Edict of Milan in 313 as the outcome of a political agreement. The Edict of Milan announced the permanent tolerance for Christianity inside of the Roman empire.
Answer:
A - He paid to have Christian churches built
Explanation:
He become Christian and supported the Christian religion by building churches
questions
What is a primary source? Give at least two examples.
Common examples of primary sources include interview transcripts, photographs, novels, paintings, films, historical documents, and official statistics.
Answer:
A primary source is a source that comes directly from the event. Examples include newspaper articles and pictures along with journal accounts.
which is not protected by the first amendment?
a) speech
b) press
c) protest
d) property
Answer:
D. property
Explanation:
The first amendment only protects the freedom of speech,press, and religions.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
why did it become nessecary after the 1857 war to have indians on the viceroys executive council
Answer:
hope this helped you
please mark as the brainliest (ㆁωㆁ)
How did the arrival of Africans in colonial America generally differ from the
arrival of Europeans?
Answer:
Explanation:
During the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, European traders started to get involved in the Slave Trade. European traders had previously been interested in African nations and kingdoms, such as Ghana and Mali, due to their sophisticated trading networks. Traders then wanted to trade in human beings. They took enslaved people from western Africa to Europe and the Americas. At first this was on quite a small scale but the Slave Trade grew during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, as European countries conquered many of the Caribbean islands and much of North and South America. Europeans who settled in the Americas were lured by the idea of owning their own land and were reluctant to work for others. Convicts from Britain were sent to work on the plantations but there were never enough so, to satisfy the tremendous demand for labour, planters purchased slaves.
HELPPP 44 POINTS WILL MARK BRAINLIEST
world history
write a brief explanation in which you consider differences between the mesopotamian and egyptian empires in the areas of social cultural political and religious practices
THIS IS TIMED PLS HELP LOL
Answer:
(religion) these civilizations differed in their interpretation of the gods, however. Mesopotamians, because they had a rougher time with the flooding, tended to be pessimistic. They thought their gods unpredictable, and that there was only a 'Land-of-no-return' after death. Ancient Egyptians, on the other hand, due to their easier time predicting the floods, had a more positive take on their gods. The gods of ancient Egypt could be harsh, but also gave gifts to humanity like wisdom and justice. The Egyptian afterlife was also supposed to be an even better continuation of life on Earth. As a result, everyone that could afford to spent their time alive preparing to be dead. This is where the Giza pyramids came from - they were built as very large tombs that were stocked with food, jewelry, tools, and even servants.Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia both had similar social structures, or ways of organizing society. Imagine a pyramid, with the following groups from bottom to top:
( Social Structure)
The labor class: slaves - slavery in these civilizations was not race-based, but rather based on captured prisoners-of-war or sometimes children who had been sold into slavery to pay off their parents' debt.
The lower class: farmers, musicians, merchants, brewers, and bakers
The middle class: scribes (people who could write), wealthier merchants, and architects
The upper class: the clergy and nobles
The ruling class
Explanation:
why would geography probably have played a more important role in the lives of people during the old stone age that it plays in your life today
why was the scientific revolution a privotal time in history
Answer: It changed humankind's approach to understanding the natural. world and led to new discoveries.
How did the French and Indian War change the relationship between the British and the American colonists?
Answer:
The French and Indian War changed the relationship between England and its American colonies in that its outcome eliminated the colonies' need for the British military and led to the Proclamation
Explanation:
Hope it helps? :))
What two groups or individuals in authority in the Church of England caused the Puritans to have a difficult time seeing their desired changes? the king
Answer:
pope and the cardinals
Explanation:
dont quote me on that im not 100% sure
Which statements describe effects of European exploration and colonization on the Incan people? Check all that
apply.
They were able to vote for their leaders for the first time.
Many were enslaved and forced to work in Spanish mines.
New diseases introduced by the Spanish killed millions of Inca.
The Spanish forced them to convert to Christianity
Incan languages and culture were preserved by Spanish leaders.
Answer: bcd
Explanation:
I got it right
Answer:
B.) Many were enslaved and forced to work in Spanish mines.
C.) New diseases introduced by the Spanish killed millions of Inca.
D.) The Spanish forced them to convert to Christianity.
edge2020
In which Texas region would you least likely see a lot of agriculture? Select one: Great Planis North Central Plains Gulf Coast Mountains and Basins
Answer:
great plains :)
Explanation:
.