Response to inquiry A: We choose a carbon chain with the greatest number of carbon atoms according to the IUPAC nomenclature standard. Since there are 4 carbon atoms in this chain, butane is the parent molecule. The double bo is present in the molecule.
The Interdivisional Committee on Terminology, Nomenclature, and Symbols and Division VIII - Chemical Nomenclature and Structure Representation are two IUPAC groups that play major roles in this activity. IUPAC is the widely acknowledged authority on chemical nomenclature and terminology. One of IUPAC's main activities is the development of recommendations to establish unambiguous, uniform, and consistent nomenclature and terminology for particular scientific fields. These recommendations are typically presented as glossaries of terms for particular chemical disciplines, definitions of terms relating to a group of properties, nomenclature of chemical compounds and their classes, terminology, symbols, and units in a particular field, classifications and uses of terms in a particular field, and co-references. The Recommendations are printed in the Pure and Applied journal of the IUPAC.
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Which is an example of an applied force?
Answer: A person pushing a barrel is an example of applied force.
Explanation:
Baed on the thermodynamic propertie provided for water, determine the energy change when the temperature of 0. 250 kg of water decreaed from 121 °C to 51. 5 °C
Based on the thermodynamic properties provided for water, the energy change when the temperature of 0.650 kg of water decreased from 101 °c to 51.0 °c is 1,609.66 kJ
What are thermodynamic properties of water?
Thermal characteristics of water include its density, freezing point, boiling point, latent heat of evaporation, melting point, and critical temperature, among others.
Here we calculate the boiling point of water is 100°C. So at 101°C, the water is steam. The specific heat first from 101 to 100 calculated as
E = mCΔT, where c for steam is 1.996 kJ/kg·°C
E₁ = (0.65 kg)(1.996 kJ/kg·°C)(101 - 100°C) = 1.2974 kJ
The latent heat when steam turns to liquid. The heat of vaporization of water is 2260 kJ/kg.
E₂ = mHvap = (0.65 kg)(2260 kJ/kg) = 1469 kJ
Thus solving the energy to bring down the temperature to 51°C. The specific heat of liquid water is 4.187 kJ/kg·°C.
E₃ = (0.65 kg)(4.187 kJ/kg·°C)(100 - 51°C) = 139.36 kJ
Total energy = 1.2974 kJ+1469 kJ+139.36 kJ = 1,609.66 kJ
Therefore , the energy change when the temperature of 0.650 kg of water decreased from 101 °c to 51.0 °c is 1,609.66 kJ
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A beam of radiation has an energy of 2.57×102 kJ/mol. What is the wavelength of this light?
Determine the mass of 250. 0 ml of benzene. The density of benzene is 0. 8765 g/ml.
Answer:
[tex] \huge{ \boxed{219.13 \: g}}[/tex]
Explanation:
To find the mass of the substance given it's density and volume, we use the formula;
[tex] \bold{density( \rho) = \frac{mass}{volume} \\ } [/tex]
Since the mass is the unknown variable in the question, we make mass the subject and solve for it.
mass = density × volume
From the question
density = 0.8765 g/mlvolume = 250 ml[tex]mass = 0.8765 \times 250 = 219.125[/tex]
We have the final answer as
219.13 gA farmer chooses two fields and then changes only one thing between them. She changes how she plows her fields. One field will be tilled and one will not. Everything else will be the same on both fields: the type of crop she grows, the amount of water and fertilizer that she uses, and the slope of the fields she plants on. The fields should be facing the same direction to get about the same amount of sunlight. What is the independent variable?
In this scenario, the independent variable is the method of plowing the fields. This is the variable that the farmer is intentionally changing between the two fields, while all other variables are being held constant.
The independent variable is the factor that the researcher or experimenter manipulates in order to study its effect on the dependent variable. In this case, the dependent variable would be the outcome of the experiment, such as the yield of the crops or the health of the plants. By changing only one variable (the method of plowing) and keeping all other variables the same, the farmer can more accurately determine the effect of the plowing on the dependent variable.
How much is required to change 52.2 grams of liquid water into steam from room temperature (25 Celsius) to 115 Celsius
Heat change, ΔH, required to change 52.2 grams of liquid water into steam from room temperature (25 Celsius) to 115 Celsius is 135915.228 J.
What is the heat change required?
The heat change required to change 52.2 grams of liquid water into steam from room temperature (25 Celsius) to 115 Celsius is determined as follows:
Heat change required, ΔH = ΔH₁ + ΔH₂ + ΔH₃
ΔH₁ is heat required to change liquid water at 25°C to water at 100°C
ΔH₁ = mass * specific heat capacity * temperature change
specific heat capacity of water = 4.184 J/g/K
ΔH₁ = 52.2 * 4.184 * (100 - 25)
ΔH₁ = 16380.36 J
ΔH₂ is the heat required to convert water at 100°C to steam at 100°C
ΔH₂ = mass * latent heat of vaporization of water
latent heat of vaporization of water = 2260 J/g
ΔH₂ = 52.2 * 2260
ΔH₂ = 117972 J
ΔH₃ is the heat required to change steam at 100°C to water at 115°C
ΔH₁ = mass * specific heat capacity * temperature change
specific heat capacity of steam = 1.996 J/g/K
ΔH₁ = 52.2 * 1.996 * (115 - 100)
ΔH₁ = 1562.868 J
Heat change required, ΔH = 16380.36 J + 117972 J + 1562.868 J
Heat change required, ΔH = 135915.228 J
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a 70 kg human body typically contains 140 g of potassium. potassium has a chemical atomic mass of 39.1 u and has three naturally occurring isotopes. one of those isotopes, 40k, is radioactive with a half-life of 1.3 billion years and a natural abundance of 0.012%. each 40k decay deposits, on average, 1.0 mev of energy into the body.
The yearly dose is0.03143 Gy
Given that:
Mass of the human body = 70 kg
Mass of potassium in the human body = 140 g
chemical atomic mass of potassium = 39.1
From Avogadro's number, we know that 1 atomic mass of an element contains 6.023 × 10^(23) atoms
Thus,
140g of potassium will contain;
(140 × 6.023 × 10^(23))/(39.1) = 2.1566 × 10^(24) atoms
We are told that the natural abundance of one of the 40K isotopes is 0.012%.
Thus;
Number of atoms of this isotope = 0.012% × 6.023 × 10^(23) = 7.2276 × 10^(19) K-40 atoms
Formula for activity of K-40 is given as;
Activity = (0.693 × number of K-40 atoms)/half life
Activity = (0.693 × 7.2276 × 10^(19))/1300000000
Activity = 3.85 × 10^(10)
We are told that each decay deposits 1.0 MeV of energy into the body.
Thus;
Total energy absorbed by the body in a year = 3.85 × 10^(10) × 1 × 365 = 1405.25 × 10^(10) MeV
Now, 1 MeV = 1.602 × 10^(-13) joules
Thus;
Total energy absorbed by the body in a year = 1405.25 × 10^(10) × 1.602 × 10^(-13) = 2.25 J
1 Gy = 1 J/kg
Thus;
Yearly dose = 2.25/70 = 0.03143 Gy
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a 0.77-mg sample of nitrogen reacts with chlorine to form 6.61 mg of the chloride. determine the empirical formula of nitrogen chloride
The empirical formula of nitrogen chloride is NCl₃ (NCl3)
m of nitrogen = 0.77mg
m of nitrogen chloride = 6.61mg
so the m of chlorine will be
m of chlorine = m of nitrogen chloride - m of nitrogen
m of chlorine = 6.61 - 0.77
=5.84mg
so the number of moles can be found as
n = [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}[/tex]
number of moles of chlorine can be found as follows;
n = 5.84× 10⁻³ / 35.45 [tex]\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
n = 1.65 × 10⁻⁴
number of moles of nitrogen can be found as;
n = 0.77 × 10⁻³ / 14.01 [tex]\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
n = 5.5 × 10⁻⁵ mol
Empirical formula can be found as;
moles of Cl : moles of N
1.65 × 10⁻⁴ : 5.5 × 10⁻⁵
Now divide the ratio with the smallest number which is 5.5 × 10⁻⁵ and we get the following ratios.
3 mol of Cl :1 mol of N
3 : 1
So the empirical formula of nitrogen chloride will e NCl3
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What is the melting point of ice of common salt
The melting point of ice of common salt that is compound of NaCl is -2°C due to freezing point depression.
What is compound?Compound is defined as a chemical substance made up of identical molecules containing atoms from more than one type of chemical element.
Molecule consisting atoms of only one element is not called compound.It is transformed into new substances during chemical reactions. There are four major types of compounds depending on chemical bonding present in them.They are:
1)Molecular compounds where in atoms are joined by covalent bonds.
2) ionic compounds where atoms are joined by ionic bond.
3)Inter-metallic compounds where atoms are held by metallic bonds
4) co-ordination complexes where atoms are held by co-ordinate bonds.
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Calculate the mass percent of ethylene glycol (hoch2ch2oh) in a solution made by dissolving 3. 2 g of ethylene glycol in 43. 5 g of water.
Thus, the obtained mass percent is 6.85%.
Given information: Ethylene glycol's mass is 3.2 g.
Water has a mass of 43.5 g.
Mass of solution equals mass of solute plus mass of solvent, which is equal to 3.2 + 43.5 = 46.7 g.
Where does ethylene glycol come from?Ethylene glycol is a helpful industrial substance that can be found in a variety of consumer goods. Antifreeze, some stamp pad inks, ballpoint pens, solvents, paints, plastics, films, and cosmetics are a few examples. It may also serve as a delivery system..
Is ethylene glycol safe to drink?If swallowed, it is poisonous. Ethylene glycol can be unintentionally ingested, consumed on purpose during a attempt, or used as an alcohol replacement (ethanol). The majority of ethylene glycol poisonings are brought on by antifreeze consumption.
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zinc coatings on iron provide protection from corrosion of the iron in ordinary service. what is/are the mechanisms which are active in this coating/substrate pair?
Steel is coated with zinc to prevent corrosion in two different ways: By creating a barrier, they stop oxygen and moisture from getting to the steel surface. Cathodic protection is provided at scratches.
How does zinc stop rusting?Zinc is chemically active and rapidly alloys with other metals. When exposed to air, it forms a thin layer of gray oxide (patina), which prevents the metal from corroding further due to deeper oxidation. Corrosion resistance is a crucial quality for the usage of the metal.
Zinc is used to prevent corrosion because it is more reactive than iron and when oxygen in the air interacts with the surface of zinc, a highly dense and impenetrable layer of zinc oxide forms. This physical barrier shields the zinc from corrosion.
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calculate the total heat (in kj) need to convert 12.00 g of ice at -5.00 deg c to liquid water at 0.500 deg c.
The total heat (in kj) need to convert 12.00 g of ice at -5.00 °C to liquid water at 0.500 °C is 4.16 kJ.
1) The ice from -5.00 °C to 0 ° C
the heat capacity is given as :
q1 = mc ΔT
q1 = 12 × 2.09 × ( 0 - (-5))
q1 = 125.4 J
2) the ice at 0 ° C to water at 0 ° C
q2 = n ΔHfussion
q2 = (12 g / 18 g / mol) × 6.02 kJ/mol
q2 = 4003.3 J
3) liquid from 0 °C TO 0.5 °C
q3 = mc ΔT
q3 = 12 × 4.21 ( 5 - 0)
q3 = 25.26 J
the total heat is given as = q1 + q2 + q3
= 125.5 + 4003.3 + 25.26
= 4160 J = 4.16 kJ
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why is tin a metal and carbon is a nonmetal even though they are in the same family in terms of atomic structure
Answer:
Tin and carbon are both in the same family on the periodic table because they have similar atomic structures. Both are in group 14 of the periodic table, which means they have four valence electrons in their outermost energy level. However, they are classified as different types of elements because of their different properties.
Tin is a metal because it is a good conductor of heat and electricity, has a shiny, metallic appearance, and is malleable and ductile, meaning it can be easily shaped and molded. Carbon, on the other hand, is a nonmetal because it is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, is not shiny, and is not malleable or ductile.
One of the main factors that determine whether an element is a metal or a nonmetal is its ability to conduct heat and electricity. Metals are generally good conductors, while nonmetals are generally poor conductors. The position of an element on the periodic table can give some indication of its conductive properties, but it is not the only factor.
classify the components as most accurately describing cofactors, coenzymes, or neither.
1. Ca2+
2. Urease
3. NADP
4. CoQ
5. ascorbic acid
6. Inorganic ion
a. Cofactors
b. Coenzymes
c. Neither ascorbic acid
There are no components in the list which are neither cofactors, or coenzymes.
The components as cofactors are Ca2+, Urease, CoQ, ascorbic acid, and Inorganic ion. A cofactor is a non-protein matter or bimetallic particle that's needed for an enzyme's role as a catalyst. Cofactors may be thought-about "helper molecules" that assist in biochemical transformations.
The component as coenzymes is NADP. Coenzymes ar organic compounds needed by several enzymes for chemical change activity. they're typically vitamins, or derivatives of vitamins. typically they'll act as catalysts within the absence of enzymes, however not thus effectively as in conjunction with an enzyme.
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what did schrodinger discover that bohr did not understand
Answer: Erwin Schrödinger showed that the quantization of the hydrogen atom's energy levels that appeared in Niels Bohr's atomic model could be calculated from the Schrödinger equation,
Explanation:
Give a mess occupied 919 mL in a tri State at STP the same mass when collected over water at 15°C in 750 mmHg pressure occupies 1 L volume calculate vapor pressure at 15°C
Limestone forms as ocean water evaporates and leaves calcium carbonate behind, which is then deposited on the ocean floor. what type of rock can be formed in this way?
Calcium carbonate, which is then deposited on the seafloor, is left behind as ocean water evaporates, forming limestone. Sedimentary rock is the kind of rock that can be created in this manner.
Inorganic sedimentary rocks formed from the land have a fragmented or clastic structure. Rocks with an inorganic composition that are sedimentary are formed on land.
Conglomerate, brescia, and sandstone are a few types of inorganic sedimentary rocks that are formed from the land.
The primary source of the substance lime is limestone, a form of carbonate sedimentary rock composed primarily of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The minerals calcite and aragonite, which are various crystal forms of CaCO3, make up the majority of its material. When these minerals separate from water that has dissolved calcium, limestone is created.
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Specific heat is used to explain why different substances what?
Specific heat is used to explain why different substances changes the temperature at different rate.
What is temperature?Temperature is a physical quantity which is expressed as quantitatively the perceptions of the coldness and hotness. Temperature is measured with a thermometer.
What is specific heat?It is defined as the amount of heat which is used to require to increase the temperature by 1°C.
The SI unit thorough which it is measured is J/ g/ °C.
Let's take an example of specific heat of water which is 4.184J/ g/ °C.
If the specific heat capacity of any substance is observes to be high, it will take more time for heating or cooling. If the specific heat capacity of any substance is observes to be high, it will take more time for heating or cooling.Therefore, specific heat is used to explain why different substances changes the temperature at different rate.
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if 34.42 ml of 0.1013 m naoh is needed to neutralize a 25.00 ml of h2so4. what is the concentration of sulfuric acid?
6.973x 10^-2 M is the concentration of sulfuric acid.A chemical reaction known as neutralization occurs when an acid and a base quantitatively react with one another.
The pH of the neutralized solution is determined by the acidity of the reactant. In a neutralization process, an acid and a base combine to create salt and water.
The response to this issue is as follows:
H2SO4 + 2 NaOH = Na2SO4 + 2 H2O
To ascertain the molar ratio of the reactants, we require this reaction. The ratio is thus 1 mol H2SO4 to 2 mol NaOH.
This is the following method of calculation:
0.03442x 0.103x 1mol H2SO4/2molNaOHX1/0.0025=6.973X10^-2
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a certain isotope decays at a rate such that it loses 15% of its mass every second. find the equation of the form
The equation of the form of isotope is M(n) = (1 - 15%)ⁿ M grams. Where M is the initial mass of an isotope.
If the initial mass of an isotope is M grams and every second it loses 15%, it means the remaining of an isotope
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Calculate the mass of 0.5mol of sodium chloride, NaCl. GIVIN 50 POINTS AND BRAINLY
Answer:
29.22 g NaCl
Explanation:
0.5 mol NaCl x (58.44 g NaCl / 1 mol NaCl)
= 29.22 g NaCl
The following solutions are prepared by dissolving the requisite amount of solute in water to obtain the desired concentrations. Rank the solutions according to their respective osmotic pressures in decreasing order assuming the complete dissociation of ionic compounds.Rank from highest to lowest osmotic pressure. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.1M MgCl2, 1M KCl, 2M CH3CH2CH2OH, 1M C12H22O11
The order according to their respective osmotic pressures is C₆H₁₂O₆ < NaCl ≈ CH₃OH < MgCl₂.
What is osmotic pressure?
The pressure difference required to stop solvent from flowing through a semipermeable membrane is known as the osmotic pressure of a solution. The relationship between a solution's osmotic pressure and molar concentration of its solute particles
The formula for osmotic pressure (Π) is
Π = icRT
If T is constant,
Π = kic
C₆H₁₂O₆:
Π = k × 1 × 1 = k
MgCl₂:
Π = k × 3 × 1 = 3k
CH₃OH:
Π = k × 1 × 2 = 2k
NaCl:
Π = k × 2 × 1 = 2k
Hence, The order of osmotic pressures is C₆H₁₂O₆ < NaCl ≈ CH₃OH < MgCl₂
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Silver does not corrode in air or water.
What word can we use to describe this
property of silver?
Silver is known in the chemistry world as a noble metal which means it is resistant to corrosion, but not completely.
Explanation:I hope my answer helped you! If you need more information or help, comment down below and I will be sure to respond if I am online. Have a wonderful rest of your day!
Hydrazine (N₂H4), a rocket fuel, reacts with oxygen to form nitrogen gas and water vapor. The reaction is represented with the equation:
N₂H4(1) + O₂(g) → N₂(g) + 2H₂O(g)
How many grams of hydrazine are needed to produce 96.0g water?
Answer: To determine how many grams of hydrazine are needed to produce 96.0 grams of water, we can use the mole ratio between hydrazine and water in the chemical equation.
First, we need to convert the number of grams of water to moles. We can do this using the molar mass of water, which is 18.0 grams/mole:
96.0 g H2O / 18.0 g/mol = 5.33 moles H2O
Next, we can use the mole ratio between hydrazine and water in the chemical equation to determine the number of moles of hydrazine that would be needed to produce 5.33 moles of water:
1 mole N2H4 / 2 moles H2O = 0.5 mole N2H4
Finally, we can use the molar mass of hydrazine (32.0 grams/mole) to convert the number of moles of hydrazine to grams:
0.5 mole N2H4 * 32.0 g/mol = 16.0 grams N2H4
Therefore, 16.0 grams of hydrazine are needed to produce 96.0 grams of water.
What solute particles are present in an aqueous solution of ch3coch3 c h 3 c o c h 3 ?.
Only one solute particles are present in an aqueous solution of CH₃COCH₃.
What is electrolytes?
When dissolved in water, electrolytes are materials that have a natural electrical charge that is either positive or negative. In addition to other things, they support your body's ability to control chemical processes and keep the fluid levels inside and outside of your cells in equilibrium.
Electrolytes include substances like sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and phosphate.
The electrolyte category also includes water, which puts it in the same group as necessary minerals.
Therefore, Only one solute particles are present in an aqueous solution of CH₃COCH₃.
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in order for stanley miller to get organic molecules from inorganic molecules, which compound could not be present
Large and complex molecules like DNA and protein were not present, but Miller-Urey experiment showed that some of the building blocks for these molecules could be formed from simple compounds.
What is Stanley Miller experiment?Stanley Miller and Harold Urey did an experiment to test Oparin and Haldane’s ideas and they found that organic molecules could be produced under reducing conditions thought to resemble that of early Earth.
Miller and Urey built a system having a heated pool of water and a mixture of gases that were abundant in the atmosphere of early earth. To simulate the lightning that might have provided energy for chemical reactions in early atmosphere of Earth, Miller and Urey sent sparks of electricity through their experiment. After letting this experiment run for a week, Miller and Urey found that different types of amino acids, sugars, lipids and other organic molecules had formed.
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What is the formula of the ionic compound nickel (III) chloride?
NiCl₃ is the formula of the ionic compound nickel(III) chloride
We know the valency of the Nickel (Ni) is +3 and the valency of Chlorine (Cl) is -1. Now for being a compound it needs to be neutral.
So, we have to take 3 molecules of Chlorine to neutralise the charge of one molecule of Nickel, which means the formula will be NiCl₃.
So, the equation of formation will be [tex]Ni+3Cl \rightarrow NiCl_3[/tex]
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Is the U.S. Constitution a living document that adapts to the times or does it mean today exactly what it meant when it was written? Explain how your case/person changed history for all Americans or did it just help a specific group?
The U.S. Constitution is referred to as a living document that adapts to the times or present situations.
What is Constitution?This is referred to as the basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or social group that determine the powers and duties of the government thereby preventing anarchy due to varying degrees of lawlessness.
The U.S. Constitution is also referred to as a living document because it adapts to the times due to the different amendments which are made to it as time goes on by officials such as lawmakers and is therefore the treason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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predict the missing component of each reaction. ? 2 upper n a upper b r right arrow 2 upper n a upper c l plus upper b r subscript 2. hcl cl2 na hbr
The missing component is Cl₂.
The missing component is CO₂ + 2H₂O.
1. The following can be used to present the reaction:
? + 2NaBr → 2NaCl + Br₂
Both 2 Na and 2 Br are present on the reactant side, whereas 2 Na, 2 Br, and 2 Cl are present on the product side.
So the missing component is Cl₂.
2. The following is a presentation of the possible reaction;
CH₄ + 2O₂ → ?
The elements in the reactant side of the reaction are 1 Carbon, 4 hydrogen and 4 oxygen.
The elements in the product side are missing.
Therefore;
The the missing elements in the product are, 1 Carbon, 4 hydrogen and 4 oxygen. which gives;
The missing component = CO₂ + 2H₂O.
So, the missing components for reaction 1 is Cl₂ and for reaction 2 is CO₂ + 2H₂O.
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what is the total molar concentration of all the ions in 0.0100 m solutions of the following salts in water?
The total molar concentration of all ions in 0.0100 M solutions:
a. 0.0100 M KCl = 0.0200 M ions
b. 0.0100 M [tex]CuSO_{4}[/tex] = 0.0200 M ions
c. 0.0100 M [tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] = 0.0300 ions
How to determine the total molar concentration of all ions in salts in water?When [tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] аnd KCl аre dissolved in the sаme solution, the [tex]Cl^{-}[/tex] ions аre common to both sаlts. In а system contаining [tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] аnd KCl, the [tex]Cl^{-}[/tex] ions аre common ions.
KCl ⇔ [tex]K^{+}[/tex] + [tex]Cl^{-}[/tex][tex]CuSO_{4}[/tex] ⇔ [tex]Cu^{+}[/tex] + [tex]SO_{4} ^{-}[/tex][tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] ⇔ [tex]Ca^{2+}[/tex] + 2 [tex]Cl^{-}[/tex]Now, the total molar concentration is
KCl = 0.0100 + 0.0100
KCl = 0.0200 M ions
[tex]CuSO_{4}[/tex] = 0.0100 + 0.0100
[tex]CuSO_{4}[/tex] = 0.0200 M ions
[tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] = 0.0100 + 2 (0.01.00)
[tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] = 0.0300 M ions
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