Hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria are the members of gram-negative bacteria, metabolism involves using hydrogen as an electron source and oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor, hence forming water.
Gram-negative genera Aquifex and hydrogenobacter stand for "water-maker" to indicate hydrogen oxidation and terminal electron transfer to oxygen. They are chemoautotrophs, that share the ability to oxidize H₂ and fix CO₂ to provide energy and synthesize cellular material. Applicatated for resource recovery and pollution removal.
They are known to grow at the highest temperature and grow usually at neutral or slightly acidic pH. These microorganisms use CO₂ assimilation pathways. They are metabolically versatile chemolithoautotrophs, using reductive tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) cycle.
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Given equal probabilities of the birth of a xy or xx, what is the probability that a group of four siblings includes all xy? all xx? all xy or all xx?.
The probability that a group of four siblings includes all XY is 1/16 (6.5%), while the probability all XX offspring is 1/16 (6.5%).
What are chromosomes?
Chromosome are long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. Females inherit two X chromosomes from both parents, while males inherit one X chromosome and one Y chromosome from both parents.
The probability of inheriting two X chromosomes (females) is 1/2 (50%), while the probability of inheriting one X chromosome and one Y chromosome (males) is also 1/2.
Having the above fact in mind,
The probability that a group of four siblings includes all XY is:
1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/16
The probability that a group of four siblings includes all XX is:
1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/16
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after
and
Phospholipid is the first major component of plasma
membrane.
a) Lipids; carbohydrates
b) Proteins; carbohydrates
c) DNA; carbohydrates
d) Salt; sugar
I would really help you but i'm not sure about the answer.
Answer:
b) Protein; carbohydrates
20. Explain how the transfer of energy can be tracked as energy flows through a natural system. In other words, why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration together called “the energy cycle”?
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are together called “the energy cycle” because the vast amount of biomass on Earth is sustained by these metabolic pathways and they are interrelated processes.
What are photosynthesis and cellular respiration?Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are two metabolic pathways that play fundamental roles to sustain life on the Earth.
Photosynthesis is a series of metabolic reactions through which plants and also algae generate biomass in the form of simple carbohydrates such as glucose, which is achieved using sunlight and carbon dioxide generated through cellular respiration.
Moreover, cellular respiration generates energy in aerobic organisms which requires the use of oxygen as a reactant obtained by the mechanism of Photosynthesis.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that photosynthesis and cellular respiration are fundamental processes to sustain life on the earth's planet and they are interrelated because the products of photosynthesis are used as reactants in cellular respiration.
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Signal transduction
The figure below refers to signal transduction from a G protein-associated ligand.
1. Add an example ligand.
2. Identify what type of receiver is outlined in the image
3. Describe the processes between the different molecules
4. Describe the cellular response
When a relevant ligand activates a GPCR, the receptor undergoes a conformational change that allows the receptor to transmit the external signal into the cell.
What do you mean by receptor ?
Receptors are biological transducers that translate electrical impulses from both internal and exterior environments.
They can be dispersed, like those of the skin and viscera, or they can be massed together to create a sense organ, like the eye or ear.
The majority of cellular reactions to external stimuli are mediated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).
When the receptor is activated by a ligand, it attaches to a heterotrimeric G protein partner and encourages the exchange of GTP for GDP, which causes the G protein to dissociate into the subunits and, which regulate downstream signals.
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What is the main difference between passive
transport and active transport of materials across a
cell membrane?
Answer: The main difference is whether the transportation requires energy or not.
Explanation: Active transport most of the time requires energy, passive transport does not.
A solution that has a higher concentration inside the cell than outside and allows water to move into the cell is best described as a _____ solution.
A solution that has a higher concentration inside the cell than outside and allows water to move into the cell is best described as a hypertonic solution.
What occurs when the amount of water within the cell is higher than the amount outside the cell?Water cannot enter or leave a cell if the % concentration within and outside is the same. Water will flow into a cell if the fluid within has a higher percent concentration than the fluid outside.
In comparison to blood, hypotonic contains a lower concentration of fluid, carbohydrates, and salt. Blood is not hypertonic, which contains a greater quantity of liquids, carbohydrates, and salt. Similar amounts of fluid, sugar, and salt are present in isotonic solution as in blood.
Most frequently, isotonic solutions are used as a relaxing wash to remove extra mucus, dust, and allergens from the sinuses on a regular basis to maintain clean, healthy sinuses.
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the electron transport chain is very similar in function for both photosynthesis and cellular respiration, with a few differences in what donates electrons and what is the final electron acceptor. in photosynthesis water is the electron donor, which then produces carbon dioxide in respiration carbon dioxide is the electron donor, which the produces oxygen in photosynthesis nadp is the electron acceptor, which produces nadph in respiration oxygen is the electron acceptor, which produces
The electron transport chain, commonly referred to as the oxidative phosphorylation process, is made up of four protein complexes that work together to combine redox events to create an electrochemical gradient that leads to the synthesis of ATP.
In mitochondria, both cellular respiration and photosynthesis take occur. When organic molecules break down in the former, electron transport chain (ETC), energy and electrons are also released. In the latter, the electrons join the chain after being triggered by light, and the energy released is used to produce carbohydrates. A sequence of proteins that the electrons in the electron transport chain (ETC) move through raises its reduction potential, causing an energy release. Pumping hydrogen ions (H+) creates a proton gradient, which increases the acidity in the intermembrane gap by creating an electrical difference with a positive charge outside and a negative charge within.
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True or false? auxin is asymmetrically distributed in shoots because the auxin on the side of the plant facing the source of light is destroyed.
The given statement is false. Auxin is a plant growth hormone that the plant can make chemically or organically.
What is Auxin?Auxin is a plant growth hormone that the plant can make chemically or organically. The natural hormone is denoted by the letter IAA, which stands for indoleacetic acid, in biological synthesis. Auxins are a group of plant hormones that resemble morphogens in some ways. Auxins are crucial for the development of the plant body and play a crucial role in the coordination of numerous developmental and behavioral processes throughout the plant life cycle. In order to control cell division, elongation and differentiation, embryonic development, root and stem tropisms, apical dominance, and the transition to blooming, auxin is a crucial regulator of plant growth and development.
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10- Which of the following substances the nitrogen element enters in its structure ?
A-Glycogen
B- Galactose
C- Thyroxine
D-Glucose
In thyroxine the nitrogen element enters in its structure.
How our body makes glucose?
It primarily originates from foods high in carbs, such as fruit, bread, and potatoes. Food moves from your mouth to your stomach via your oesophagus while you eat. It is reduced to tiny fragments by acids and enzymes there. This causes the release of glucose.
It enters your intestines to be absorbed there. It then enters your bloodstream from there. Once in the circulation, insulin aids in the delivery of glucose to your cells.
Thyroxine, a hormone produced by the thyroid gland, regulates this metabolic rate, ensuring that the body is operating at the proper rate. Tetraiodothyronine is its full name, and its chemical formula is C15H11NO4I4.
Hence the correct option is C; thyroxine.
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A scientists creates a data table and records the mass of lizards on an island. This is an example of
If a scientist creates a data table and records the mass of lizards on an island, then it represents an example of an observational study.
What are observational studies?Observational studies are scientific investigations based on collecting data from nature, which can be used to raise questions and test hypotheses. Conversely, the experimentation studies are based on the obtention of data from experiments that are used to test (either confirm or reject) our working hypothesis.
Therefore, we can conclude that observational studies are based on collecting data in nature, which is distinct from experimentation studies that involve to test hypotheses under controlled conditions.
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the german physician paracelsus could have used the incident near lake nyos, cameroon, in 1986 as an example for the principle named after him. this is because
The german physician paracelsus could have used the incident near lake nyos, Cameroon, in 1986 as an example for the principle named after him, This is because of the incident of carbon dioxide gas, normally harmless to humans in low doses, was abundant enough at Nyos to kill 1,700 people.
In August 1986, a gigantic volume of carbon dioxide belched forth from Lake Nyos in Cameroon and swept down the adjacent valleys asphyxiating 1,700 people. Lake Nyos is a lake in the Northwest Region of Cameroon. In 1986, Lake Nyos suddenly emitted a large cloud of carbon dioxide due to a landslide. As a result, 3,500 livestock in nearby towns and villages were also killed.
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What is the correct term for an instance in which the expression of an allele of a gene completely masks the expression of another gene?.
Epistasis is the correct term in which the expression of an allele of a gene completely masks the expression of another gene.
Whether they sort independently or not, genes interact at the level of gene products such that the expression of an allele for one gene masks the expression of an allele for a different gene. This process is epistasis.
Complete dominance is a form of dominance in the heterozygous condition where the allele that is dominant masks the effect of the allele that is recessive. For example, for an individual carrying two alleles that are dominant, trait that they represent will be expressed.
The masked allele is recessive and the allele that expresses itself is dominant. In the presence of a dominant allele, recessive character cannot be masked. When a recessive allele is double, only the recessive character is expressed.
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How does virus and bacterial infections each affect healthy body cells?
The virus infections happens when a virus gets past the physical barriers of the body (skin, mucus, and so on) and infect a suitable cell, the virus take the genetic machinery of the host cell to replicate, damaging that cell and making more virus that will do the same process with other suitable cells. After the virus use all the cell potential, it will kill the cell and release all the virus that were in the cytoplasm of the host. While bacterial infections have more autonomy, being not necessary the integral machinery of the cell to multiply in the host body, it can act in differrebt ways, such as: crowd out the host tissue and disrupt the function, killing the cells or tissues outright, destroy the metabolic machinery, cause a massive toxic reaction in the immune system, and release toxins that can make the body stop all their functions at once (paralyze the metabolic and general system of the host).
why do plants always start a food chain
If parents supplied different alleles for a certain trait to their offspring, which
of the following terms would be used to describe the offspring?
If parents supplied different alleles for a certain trait to their offspring, the offspring would be described as Heterozygous.
Contribution of alleleIn other instances, each parent contributes a unique allele of a certain gene, in which case the child is said to be heterozygous (the prefix hetero means “different”) for that allele.
Alleles result in phenotypes, which are either dominant or recessive physical manifestations of a trait.
What are the two types of traits that parents pass on to their children?Recessive and dominant genes. Dominant/recessive interactions are the most frequent type of allele-allele interaction.
When one (dominant) allele of a gene effectively outweighs the other (recessive) allele, the allele is said to be dominant. Blood types and eye color are two instances of dominant/recessive gene interactions.
What decides which alleles the parents’ offspring will inherit?All the kids will have the same genotype if the parent with the unknown genotype is homozygous dominant.
All of the offspring will have at least one dominant allele if the parent with the unknown genotype is homozygous dominant.
Half of the offspring will receive a recessive allele from both parents and will have the recessive phenotype if the parent with the unknown genotype is heterozygous.
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Complete Question
if parents supplied different alleles for a certain trait to their offspring which of the following terms would be used to describe the offspring
A. Recessive
B. Dominant
C. Homozygous
D. Heterozygous
Why does the temperature on the moon differ so much between night
and day?
A-Very little atmosphere
B-It Spins really fast
C-No gravity
D-Weathering and Erosion
8) a general rule relating the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for biosynthesis of cellular components, as well as fuel molecules needed for atp production, is that the animal should have access to
A general rule relating to the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for the biosynthesis of cellular components is that D) the diet matches the "food pyramid" for the species.
In the field of biology, a food pyramid determines the optimal levels of a particular serving that an organism needs to eat in order to fulfill the required nutrition level.
It is only when the diet matches the food pyramid that an animal's digestive system will be able to provide substrates that are required for the biosynthesis of cellular components. These substrates are derived from the energy of the food.
When the diet matched the food pyramid, then there will be the required nutrition available needed for the production of ATP molecules.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
A general rule relating the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for biosynthesis of cellular components, as well as fuel molecules needed for ATP production, is that the animal should have access to
A) a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.
B) a diet low in lipids and high in protein.
C) a low-calorie diet with a large intake of fluids, especially water.
D) a diet that matches the "food pyramid" for the species.
E) a diet that maximizes vitamins and minerals.
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How are peptide bonds formed between amino acids in the elongation process of the translation of mRNA?
Answer:
Dehydration synthesis
Explanation:
Dehydration synthesis is the process of bringing molecules together with water being a "waste" product of the reaction.
When amino acids(AA) bond to form peptide bonds, they use this dehydration synthesis to create peptide bonds.
Several changes occur within the body during stressful situations. For example, pupils become more dilated, heart rate and breathing rate increase, and appetite decreases. These changes are controlled by
Answer
The autonomic nervous system
which of the following compounds is organic?
H20
Nh3
NaCI
C6H12O6
Answer:
C6H12O6
Explanation:
That's glucose. Glucose is an organic compound.
Do bumblebees have babies , divide, or uses it’s seeds ?
Answer:
Bumblebees give birth
Explanation:
bumblebees do not reproduce asexually nor do they have seeds.
The hydrophobic tails of phospholipids keep water from passing directly through the cell membrane. How might this be beneficial for the maintenance of homeostasis in a cell?.
The hydrophobic tails of phospholipids are beneficial for the maintenance of homeostasis in a cell because they help to maintain the correct amount of water.
In the field of biology, homeostasis can be described as the ability of an organism to keep its internal environment stable in order for the proper functioning of the organism.
The cell membrane of a cell is made up of hydrophobic tails that do not allow water to pass directly into the cell. By doing so, the cell membrane helps in maintaining a steady environment for the proper working of a cell.
Water is allowed to move in or out only when required due to these hydrophobic tails. In this way, the hydrophobic tails help in maintaining homeostasis by not allowing extra water to move in or out.
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Explain one of the cycles: water, oxygen, carbon, or nitrogen. ( include at least 3 exchanges within the cycle) .
Answer:
water cycle is the movement of water from the atmosphere to the earth and from the earth to the atmosphere.
water cycle is need for balance.
how water gets to earth: rainfall or precipitation
how water leaves the earth: evaporation, transpiration
In the diagram below, at which position of the sun will the observer have the longest shadow?
4
2
4
1
The observer will have the longest shadow of the sun at position 4 of the image.
Sun is a large mass of hot plasma which is nearest to the Earth. It is also the center of the entire solar system. Sun is actually a star similar to other stars except that it is present at the nearest and hence appears large. More than 99% of the solar system's mass is occupied by the sun.
Shadow is the dark area or structure formed upon a surface due to the presence of a body between the rays of light and a surface. The sun's rays also form shadow. The longest shadow due to sunrays is formed either during sunrise or sunset.
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Microscopic particles of ash and dust in the air that can cause health problems are called p_____
help Human Universal
list of traits, you will answer the following question with your own thoughts: Why might studying the similar behaviours of modern non-human primates such as the bonobo chimpanzee help us understand the connection between modern humans and our early ancestors?
We consider the behaviors of non-human primates such as the bonobo to assist us to get the association between cutting-edge people and our early precursors since we all have comparable behavior like the requirement for nourishment, communication, and emotions as well.
Whereas we misplaced most of our body hair and bulked up our brains, people are developmentally near to other incredible primates, with around 97 percent of our qualities DNA coordinating up.
Bonobos at the Leipzig Zoo were shot shaking their heads "no" in dissatisfaction in arrange to induce newborn children to stop playing with their nourishment (rather than eating it) or to keep a newborn child from straying.
In one occurrence, a mother recovered her child's bonobo from an endeavor to climb an adjacent tree. The ultimate endeavor finished with the mother pulling her newborn child by the leg and shaking her head whereas looking at the child.
"They ask for nourishment with an open hand (the way human poor people do within the road), have forceful motions that seem exceptionally human, stroke, and touch and embrace similar to people, and so the gestural collection looks greatly human to us."
Other primates are especially clever at our motions. "That's why gorilla connection is more frequent than human," de Waal said.
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Help me with this pls, is for today!!!
On each line, write the term from the word bank that correctly completes each sentence. Some terms may be used more than one.
Binomial Nomenclature - Cladogram - Dichotomous Key - Domains - Genus - Kingdoms - Scientific Name - Species - Systematics.
1- Based on similar structures, Linnaeus classified all organism into two ____
2- As more discoveries were made, Whittaker proposed classifying organism into five ___
3- The current system of classifying organisms uses molecular analysis and is called___
4- The current systems classifies organisms into three____ and six____
5- Scientists still use Linnaeus’s naming system called ____ to give each species a name
6- Ursus arctos is the ______ for a brown bear
7- Ursus is the brown bear’s ____
8- The word arctos is the brown bear’s ______ name
9- A ____ is a series of questions that helps you identify an unknown organism
10- A branched diagram called a ____ can help you understand the relationships among organisms
Answer:
1. kingdoms
2.kingdoms
3. taxonomic nomenclature
4. three domains 6 kingdoms
5. taxonomy
6. scientific name
7. genus
8. species
9.
Which characteristics do fish and amphibians have in common? Select all that apply.
They use gills at some point in their life cycle.
They use lungs at some point in their life cycle.
Their eggs are laid in water for reproduction.
Their bodies match the temperature of their environment.
Answer:
A C D
Explanation:
They use gills at some point in their life cycle.
Their eggs are laid in water for reproduction.
Their bodies match the temperature of their environment.
45. in autumn, many birds and animals hide food so that they can have enough during the winter. they must remember the exact locations of these cases. they have an enlarged brain region associated with memory, which is known as
The enlarged brain region associated with memory in many birds and animals is known as the pre-frontal lobe.
We can define the pre-frontal lobe as the part of the brain that is involved in higher cognitive functions as well as the generation of memory. Thoughts as well as the generation of actions takes place through the pre-frontal lobe.
Animals and birds who have an enlarged brains have the pre-frontal lobe situated in the front. The pre-frontal lobe helps the animals and birds to remember exactly where they hid their food so that they can visit those places in the winter and have enough food. The pre-frontal lobe also helps animals and birds in remembering the places of threat.
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You are snorkeling off the coast of florida, and you come across a large calcified structure covered by small cnidarian polyps. To which group do these organisms belong?.
You are snorkeling off the coast of Florida, and you come across a large calcified structure covered by small cnidarian polyps. These organisms belong to Class Anthozoa.
Polyps and medusae are the two main body shapes found in cnidarians. In order to function as a mouth and anus, polyps have a body stalk with a tubular shape, a single aperture, and several tentacles that surround it. For feeding into the filter, polyps point up. Cnidocytes are present on the tentacles (stinging cells).
The polyp's mouth allows it to take in food and release waste, and it is only open at one end. The mouth is surrounded by a ring of tentacles that help with food capture, waste expulsion, and debris removal. Sea anemones, stony corals, and soft corals are all members of the marine invertebrate Class Anthozoa. Anthozoan adults are virtually universally anchored to the seafloor, but their larvae can move around as plankton.
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