Polarized light waves are those that have only one plane of vibration. Polarization is the process by which non-polarized light is converted into polarised light. There are numerous ways to polarise light.
A characteristic of transverse waves called polarisation identifies the geometric angle of the oscillations. A transverse wave's oscillation direction is perpendicular to the wave's motion direction.
given
Only 72.0% of the light's intensity makes it through the sheet and hits another sheet of polarising material. The second sheet lets no light flow through it.
Given that no light passes through the second sheet because both sheets are crossed, the angle the transmission axis of the second sheet makes with the vertical is
θ₂ = θ₁ + 90°
= 31.94° + 90°
= 1 21.94°
for the first sheet and
Icos²θ₁ = I
I/I₀ = 0.72
θ₁ = cos⁻¹√(0.72)
= 31.94°
for the second sheet, respectively. This is because the malus law states that I = Iocos²θ₁ for the first sheet.
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I need to know the why for the two questions.
4. If the moon falls, it does not get closer to earth due to the effect of gravity.
5. On increasing the mass of the sun then the earth's tangential velocity also increases.
4)Similar to how the earth orbits the moon, but because of the speed at which it caught up to the earth, the moon is prevented from colliding with the planet by the force of gravity.
Because of this, even though the moon is edging a tiny bit farther from our planet, it is kept in a pretentious orbit around it.
5) the earth tangential velocity increases if the mass of the sun increased.
Tangential velocity :It is the linear component of any object's speed that is travelling in a circle.
To keep an object moving uniformly in a circle, a stronger centripetal force is needed.4. If the moon falls, it does not get closer to earth due to the effect of gravity.
5. On increasing the mass of the sun then the earth's tangential velocity also increases.
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two ropes support a load of 663 kg. the two ropes are perpendicular to each other, and the tension in the first rope is 1.94 times that of the second rope. find the tension in the second rope. the acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s 2 . answer in units of n.
Formulas for the balancing of forces
Examine the force diagram in the graph that is attached:
∑Fx=0
T1sen - T2cos = 0 Equation
∑Fy=0
T1cos ∝ + T2sin ∝ - W = 0. Equation(2)
forces in the x and y directions,
Horizontal movement
T1*CosA=T2*Cos(90-A)
Vertical Movement
m*g = T1*SinA + T2*Sin(90-A) (2)
We also know that T1=1.91 and T2 (3)
Thus, the final equations are
T1*CosA=T2*Cos(90-A)
A=62.365235 degrees using (2) and substituting a value for (3)
460*9.8 = 1.91*T2 *Sin(62.365235) + T2 *Cos(62.365235)
T2 = 4508 / (2.1559) = 2090.96 N
T1 = 1.91*T2 = 3993.737 N
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What type of magnetism is present in a paper clip when it is attracted to a nearby bar magnet?.
Answer:magnetically polarized
Explanation:A steel paper clip near a magnet will be magnetically polarized by the magnet so that it is at least temporarily a magnet. If we use the magnetic pole model of magnets, the side of the clip near a North pole of a magnet will become a South pole, and the other side will become a North pole.
w1, w2 and w3 are the weights of three objects suspended by pulleys as shown. assuming the pulleys in this system are frictionless and weightless and that w3
The values of W1 and W2 if W1, W2 and W3 are the weights of three objects suspended by pulleys as shown are 8 N and 11.4 N respectively
∑ Fx = 0
T2x - T1x = 0
T1 cos 24° = T2 cos 50°
T1 = 0.7036 T2
To remain at rest,
T1 = W1
T2 = W2
∑ Fy = 0
T1y + T2y - W3 + T1 - W1 + T2 - W2 = 0
T1 sin 24° + T2 sin 50° - 12 = 0
( 0.7036 T2 ) sin 24° + T2 sin 50° = 12
0.286 T2 + 0.766 T2 = 12
T2 = 11.4 N
W2 = 11.4 N
T1 = 0.7036 * 11.4
T1 = W1 = 8 N
Therefore, the values of W1 and W2 are 8 N and 11.4 N respectively
The given question is incomplete. The complete question is:
W1, W2 and W3 are the weights of three objects suspended by pulleys as shown. W3 = 12 N and assume that the pulleys in this system are frictionless and weightless. Determine the values of W1 and W2. The free body diagram is shown in the image attached.
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By how much does the density of air increase when it is compressed to half its volume?.
When the air is compressed to half its volume the density gets doubled.
What is density?Density refers to mass of matter per unit volume. The most common symbol for density is ρ. Density provides a convenient means of obtaining the mass of an object from its volume and vice versa. A change in the mass or volume of an object can change the density of the object. So, when volume increases density decreases simultaneously.
Since, Density = Mass/ Volume
If the volume is compressed to half i.e. V/2 then,
ρ = M/(v/2)
ρ = 2M/V
Hence, density gets twice it's original value when we lower the volume to half.
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a 22.0 kg block is initially at rest on a horizontal surface. a horizontal force of 72.0 n is required to set the block in motion. after it is in motion, a horizontal force of 62.0 n is required to keep the block moving with constant speed. find the coefficients of static and kinetic friction from this information.
The work energy of speed is
1304.2 .
What is work energy ?
work energy is the most fundamental quantity of physics . Work is said to be done when a force applied to an object cause a displacement of a object.
Solution -
As per the given-
Mass of runner m = 74kg
Initial velocity of runner u=4.8 m/s
Final velocity of runner v =0
Coefficient of friction ¥=0.7
Let's d be the distance moved by runner till the stop.
a- mechanical energy lost due to friction
As friction does negetive work causing the runner to stop.
As we know,
Mechanical energy lost= Kinetic energy of runner
Mechanical energy lost =
1/2 mv^2 = 1/2 ×74×4.8^2=852.2
Distance move by runner-
Work done by friction = mechanical energy lost
-¥×mg×d =852.2 j
-0.7×74×9.8×d = -491.2
Solving the equation we get
1304.2.
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The average density of the material in intergalactic space is approximately 2. 5 × 10^–27 kg/m^3. What is the volume of a gold sample, rho = 19 300 kg/m^3, that has the same mass as 8. 0 × 10^24 m^3 of intergalactic space?.
The Volume of gold with the given mass and density would be 1.03 X 10^-5 m^3.
Density of material = [tex]2.5 * 10^{-27}[/tex] Kg/m^3
Density of gold = 19300 kg/m^3
Volume of material = [tex]8 * 10^{24}[/tex] m^3
mass of material = [tex]2.5 * 10^{-27}[/tex] X [tex]8 * 10^{24}[/tex] Kg
= [tex]2 * 10^{-2}[/tex] Kg
Since we know that mass of gold sample is same as mass of material
mass of gold = [tex]2 * 10^{-2}[/tex] Kg
Volume Of Gold = Mass / Density of gold
= (2 * 10^-2) / (19300) m^3
answer = 1.03 X 10^-5 m^3
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2. electrical appliances are usually grounded in order to (a) maintain a balanced charge distribution (b) prevent the buildup of heat on them (c) run properly using household electricity (d) prevent the buildup of static charges on their surfaces
Electrical appliances are usually grounded in order to-
(a) maintain a balanced charge distribution.
What is meant by Grounding?
By transferring electrons between one thing and a larger object, a process known as grounding allows one to reduce an object's excess charge.When an object is grounded, the excess charge is reduced due to the transfer of electrons from the grounded object to the ground.
A ground is essentially an object that acts as an apparently endless source of electrons. It has the ability to send electrons to or absorb electrons from charged objects in order to neutralize such objects.
Hence, the correct option is-
(a) maintain a balanced charge distribution.
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What is the density of an object with a mass of 40.0g and a volume of 80.0cm3?
Density of liquids and gases.
Data:
d = ?
m = 40.0 g
v = 80.0 cm³
The formula for the density of liquids and gases
d = m/v
Since it asks us to calculate the density, it is not necessary to clear the formula. We just substitute data and solve.
d = 40.0 g/80.0 cm³
d = 0.5 g/cm³
The density of an object with a mass of 40.0 g and a volume of 80.0 cm^3 is 0.5 g/cm^3.a garden hose attached with a nozzle is used to fill a 20-gallon bucket. the inner diameter of the hose is 1 inch and it reduced to 0.5 inches at the nozzle exit. if the average velocity in the hose is 8 ft/s, determine:
In order to calculate average velocity, divide the change in position or displacement (x) by the time intervals (t) during which the displacement takes place. Depending on the displacement's sign, the average velocity can either be positive or negative. metres per second is the average velocity SI unit.
acceleration: the rate at which the speed and direction of a moving object vary over time. When anything moves faster or slower, it is said to be accelerating or decelerating in a straight line. Since the trajectory is always changing, travel on a circle accelerates even while the speed is constant.
A1=(1/2)ˆ2 x 22/7
A1= 0.785
A2= 0.0625 x22/7
A2=0.196
V=(A1-A2)xv
V=0.589x8
V=4.72
= 8.33 / 4.72 mass flow rate
1.76 gal/s of mass flow
Duration: 20/1.76
duration: 11.36 seconds
A1v1=A2v2
A1v1/A2=v2
v2=8x0.785/0.196
v2=32.0 ft/s
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What exerts a force that causes other electric charges to move.
causes other electric charges in the electric field to move. When a charge is placed in an electric field, the field will either pull or push the charge.
What propels the charges forward?A charge moves, transferring energy that can be put to use for work. The force of attraction or repulsion between charged particles is what moves a charge because it is the same force that builds up a charge in the first place.
The electric charge is pushed by what?An electric field pushes the charges forward. We require an electric potential (voltage) source to force electrons from a point of low potential energy to one of higher potential energy.
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a truck has four times the mass of a car and is moving with twice the speed of the car. if kt and kc refer to the kinetic energies of truck and car respectively, it is correct to say that
The velocity of the car is 46.48 m/s.
What is velocity?
velocity is directional speed of a object in motion as an induction of it's rate of change in position observed from a particular frame of reference and as measured by a particular standard of time.
Sol- The linear momentum of a body is defined as the product of its mass and its velocity, given by-
P = mv
According to the question the momentum of the truck is-
Pr=2250×25 kgm /s
Pr=56250 kgm/s
Now we can see the momentum of the car and the truck must be same that is Pc=Pr
1210×v =56250 kgm/s
v= 56250/1210
v= 46.48 m/s
Thus the velocity of the car is 46.48m/s .
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when water is cooled and circulated throughout the building to air-heat exchange coils, the water is referred to as a(n
Water is referred to as a secondary refrigerant when it is cooled and circulated all through the building to higher ventilation coils.
How do secondary refrigerants work?With the help of secondary refrigerants, the quantity of primary refrigerants that are bad for the environment can be kept to a minimum and contained. In contrast to conventional refrigerants like HCFCs, secondary refrigerants, such as water, air, hydrocarbons, ammonia, and carbon dioxide, are less harmful to the environment.
Why are secondary refrigerants advantageous?The benefits of using refrigerants for industrial cooling include having a low primary refrigerant charge, preserve and enhance by limiting the use of the primary refrigerant to the engine compartment, a secondary pipe system that may occasionally be smaller, and the ability to use alternative insulations.
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an electron is confined to a region of space of the size of an atom (0.1 nm). (a) what is the uncertainty in the momentum of the electron? (b) what is the kinetic energy of an electron with a momentum equal to p? (c) does this give a reasonable value for the kinetic energy of an electron in an atom?
The uncertainty momentum of the electron is 5.28×10-24 kg.m/s and the kinetic energy is 95.5eV .
What do you understand by Heisenberg uncertainty principle?
Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that it is very difficult or impossible to measure the exact position as well as the momentum of a given object. This is mainly based on the wave particle duality of matter. This principle holds a significant value in the quantum world. This principle is for those particles which holds both particle as well as wave nature.
a) Heisenberg uncertainty principle :
ΔxΔp≥h/4π
where x = uncertainty position
p= momentum
h = planck's constant (6.63×10-34)
uncertainty in momentum = Δp
Δp= h/Δx4π
Given, Δx = 0.1 nm = 1.0 ×10-11 m
⇒6.63×10 -34/4π×1.0 ×10-11 m
⇒5.28×10-24 kg m/s
b) Δp = mΔv
m = mass of electron=9.11×10-31 kg
Δv= Δp/m
⇒5.28×10-24/9.11×10-31 kg
⇒5.79×10 6 m/s
Kinetic energy = 1/2 mv²
⇒1/2(9.11×10-31 kg)(5.79×10 6 m/s)²
⇒1.53×10 -17 J/ 1.6×10 -19 ×1 eV
⇒95.5eV
c) Yes, it gives a reasonable value for the kinetic energy of an electron in an atom.
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what is the maximum value the string tension can have before the can slips? the coefficient of static friction between the can and the ground is 0.60.
It will take 3.07 m long to reach at its maximum value
The volleyball will reach at the maximum height at 0.673 s after it is served.The Calculating for the height the volleyball will reach before going to downwards. Therefore the volleyball will do have a maximum value of 3.07 m with respect to the ground.
3.78 m Ignoring resistance, the ball will travel upwards until it's velocity is 0 m/s. So we'll first calculate how many seconds that takes.
7.2 m/s / 9.81 m/s^2 = 0.77945s
The distance traveled is given by the formula d = 1/2 AT^2, so substitute the known value for A and T, giving
d = 1/2 A T^2 d = 1/2 9.81 m/s^2 (0.77945 s)^2 d = 4.905 m/s^2 0.607542 s^2 d = 2.979995
m So the volleyball will travel 2.979995 meters straight up from the point upon which it was launched. So we need to add the 0.80 meters initial height.
d = 2.979995 m + 0.8 m = 3.779995
m Rounding to 2 decimal places gives us 3.78 m.
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A 8.0-cm-long spring is attached to the ceiling. When a 2.2kg mass is hung from it, the spring stretches to a length of 18cm .
What is the spring constant k?
Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
How long is the spring when a 3.0 kg mass is suspended from it?
Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
The spring force comes out to be 220k/m and when the 3kg block is tied the extension in spring is 13.67cm.
Solution is attached.
What is Force-
According to physics. A force can cause an object with mass to accelerate when it changes its velocity, for as when it moves away from rest. An obvious way to describe force is as a push or a pull. A force is a vector quantity since it has both magnitude and direction. It is calculated using the newton SI unit (N). Force is denoted by the letter F. (formerly P).
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explain what you observed when you held the magnet close to the tube. why did the beam get deflected the way you observed? more specifically, why does it spiral instead of just changing the radius?
The magnetic field lines will combine when the magnet is closer to the the cathode ray tube, bending the beam of electrons as a result. The magnet pole orientation on either side of the cathode ray tube determines which way it bends.
what is magnrtic field lines?
Magnetic field lines are the lines that make up a magnetic field; their tangents at different points indicate the direction and amplitude of the field, respectively. The number of magnetic field lines affects how strong the magnetic field is.
B and H are used to denote the magnetic field. The SI units for B and H are Newtons per metre per ampere or Teslas, respectively.
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The magnetic field lines will combine when the magnet is closer to the the cathode ray tube, bending the beam of electrons as a result. The magnet pole orientation on either side of the cathode ray tube determines which way it bends.
What is magnrtic field lines?
Magnetic field lines are the lines that make up a magnetic field; their tangents at different points indicate the direction and amplitude of the field, respectively. The number of magnetic field lines affects how strong the magnetic field is.
B and H are used to denote the magnetic field. The SI units for B and H are Newtons per metre per ampere or Teslas, respectively.
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could you help me answer these question? thank you!
The isotope that is best for the preservation of food is technetium.
Which isotope is better for the irradiation of food?We know that a radioactive isotope is one that does decay after some time. This implies that the radioactive isotope would undergo the process of spontaneous disintegration and gradually disappears as it is converted to the daughter nucleus which may not be radioactive.
In this case, we know that what is being irradiated is food hence we have to look at the various options of the isotopes that we have and then look at the one that has the shortest half life.
The reason why we must go this way is that the isotope that has the shortest half life is more likely to be completely decayed in a short time before the food is consumed thereby posing no threat to the consumer.
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which of the following safety harnesses is the safest and most recommended when hunting from a treestand?
The best tree stand safety harness is the Hunter Safety System Hybrid Flex Safety Harness, with its awesome ElimiShield Scent Control Technology.
Moreover, These stands are designed to be attached directly to the tree. Hunters using a fixed or suspended stand must choose a method of climbing up and down from the platform. The safest and most used method is sectional ladders.
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An object of mass 10 kg is placed on a frictionless incline of 25°. Deduce how many seconds it would take to travel down a 5.0 m incline from rest.
MAIN ANSWER- [tex]5/\sqrt{21} sec[/tex]
supporting answer-When a body is moving, it experiences resistance because it interacts with its surroundings. This resistance is a friction force. Friction opposes relative motion between systems in contact but also allows us to move, a concept that becomes obvious if you try to walk on ice. Friction is a common yet complex force, and its behavior still not completely understood. Still, it is possible to understand the circumstances in which it behaves.
body of the answer- a block of mass m with 10kgs is sliding on a inclined plane with frictionless surface
final answer- [tex]5/\sqrt{21} sec[/tex]
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what is the net torque about the axle? express your answer in newton-meters to two significant figures.
The net torque in the above case would be 0.2 N m
T = r x F net
T = 0.02 x (30-20)
T = 0.2 N m
What is net torque in physics?
Net Torque can be defined as one force acting on an object to cause torque. It is the sum of the individual torques. The standard unit is Newton meters, or Nm. It can be either static or dynamic. The daily examples of torques include opening a bottle cap or turning a steering wheel.
Applications of torques include
Seesaws and WrenchesGyroscopesA pendulum or a parachute is applying torque when swingingA person riding a bicycleFlag flying on a mastThis is how net torque is used in the above case.
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Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump h+ ions into which location.
Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump h+ ions into the mitochondrial inner membrane space.
Describe the process of electron transport?
The last phase of aerobic respiration is electron transport. In this phase, energy from the Krebs cycle products NADH and FADH2 is converted to ATP.Energy from the chemical bonds in glucose is stored at the end of the Krebs Cycle in a variety of energy carrier molecules, including four ATPs, two FADH2 molecules, and ten NADH molecules.Transferring energy from the electron carriers to additional ATP molecules, the "batteries" that power the work within the cell, is the main function of the final step of cellular respiration, the electron transport chain.The electron transport networks employed in photosynthesis are similar to the pathways for ATP generation in stage 3 of aerobic respiration. Energy-carrying electrons cascade from one to another in both electron transport chains, losing a small amount of energy along the way because energy carrier molecules are arranged in a specific order within a membrane.
The electron transport chain, often known as the "respiratory chain," is embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondria during aerobic respiration. The FADH2 and NADH molecules generated during glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle provide high-energy electrons to energy carrier molecules inside the membrane. In order to pump hydrogen ions into the mitochondrial intermembrane gap and produce an electrochemical gradient, they lose energy as they go from one carrier to another.
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Which indicates what happens to the kinetic energy of an object when its speed increases?.
The kinetic energy increases by the square of the same factor as the speed increase.
Kinetic energy only changes when speed changes. Speed is only related to the size of an object. Kinetic energy increases as speed increases. All moving objects have the same kinetic energy.
The equation for Kinetic Energy is:- KE = 1/2 mv².
Kinetic energy has a direct relationship with mass, meaning that as mass increases so does the Kinetic Energy of an object. The same is true of velocity.
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if you showed a child with concrete operations two identical short, wide glasses with the same amount of water in them and then poured one of the glasses of water into a taller, thinner glass, the child would likely say that:
Since the water level is higher in the tall, thin glass than it is in the shorter glass, there is more water in it.
Water is a liquid that possesses a variety of anomalies in its specific volume, as well as unusually high melting and boiling temperatures, a significant heat capacity, one of the highest dielectric constants among non-metallic liquids, and a number of other anomalies. Water is also a very effective solvent because it can dissolve a wide variety of substances. Water is widely accessible in all three states due to its low freezing and boiling points deu to temperature. Water, a substance that exists in the gaseous, liquid, and solid states and is made up of the chemical elements hydrogen and oxygen, has a very high specific heat. It is among the most common and necessary compounds. At room temperature, it is an odorless, tasteless liquid with the significant property of dissolving many other substances.
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suppose the potential energy of the block at the table is given by mgh/3 . this implies that the chosen zero level of potential energy is __________.
suppose the potential energy of the block at the table is given by mgh/3. this implies that the chosen zero level of potential energy is a distance of 2h/3 above the floor.
In physics, potential power is the electricity held by way of an item due to its position relative to other items, stresses inside itself, its electric fee, or other factors. The term potential strength became brought by way of the 19th-century Scottish engineer and physicist William Rankine
Not unusual kinds of capacity strength consist of the gravitational capacity power of an object, the elastic ability strength of a prolonged spring, and the electric capability energy of an electric fee in an electric field. The unit for electricity in the worldwide gadget of units (SI) is the joule, which has the symbol J.
Because the paintings of capacity forces appearing on a body that actions from a beginner to a cease position are determined simplest with the aid of these positions and do no longer depend upon the trajectory of the body, there is a characteristic called capacity that can be evaluated at the two positions to determine these paintings.
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a projectile is launched horizontally from a height of 65 meters with an initial horizontal speed of 35 meters pre second. what is the projectile's horizontal speed after it has fallen 25 meters? 22 m/s 35 m/s
Answer: 35m/s
Explanation: answer from castle learning
A projectile is launched horizontally from a height of 65 meters with an initial horizontal speed of 35 meters pre second. projectile's horizontal speed after it has fallen 25 meters is 35 m/s.
what is speed ?Speed is measured as the ratio of distance to the time in which the distance was covered. Speed is a scalar quantity as it has only direction and no magnitude.
The formula of speed is represented as s=d/t, Where, s is the speed in m.s-1, d is the distance traveled in m, t is the time taken in s
There are four types of speed such as Uniform speed, Variable speed, Average speed, Instantaneous speed
Uniform speed is an uniform speed when the object covers equal distance at equal time intervals, variable speed is defined as when the object covers a different distance at equal intervals of times.
Average speed is defined as the uniform speed the ratio of total distance travelled by an object to the total time taken by the object.
Instantaneous speed is defined as an object is moving with variable speed, then the speed at any instant of time is known as instantaneous speed.
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a negatively charged electroscope has separated leaves. (a) suppose you bring a negatively charged rod close to the top of the electroscope, but not touching. how will the leaves respond? (b) how will the leaves respond if you bring a positively charged rod close to the top of the electroscope, but not touching?
The leaves of a negatively charged electroscope will move apart if a positively charged rod is brought close to the top of the electroscope, but not touching it.
What is an electroscope?
An early scientific tool used to find an electrical charge on a body is called an electroscope. The movement of a test object caused by the Coulomb electrostatic force is used to detect charge. An object's charge is inversely proportional to its voltage.
part a) leaves will repel. leaves will move further apart.
part b) all the negative moves to the top to get closer to the positive leaves go back together as an excess negative move to the top. leaves separate less.
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5. A car travels at a steady speed of 80kmh-1. How far will it travel in 900 seconds?
Answer:
below
Explanation:
3600 seconds in an hour
900 sec / 3600 sec/hr = .25 hr
80 km /hr * .25 hr = 20 km
water is moving at a velocity of 2.00 m/s through a hose with an internal diameter of 1.90 cm. what is the flow rate in liters per second? (you do not need to enter any units.)
A hose's internal diameter is 1.90 cm, and the water is flowing through it at a speed of 2.00 m/s. 4021 liters per second (L/s) is the flow rate.
Describe some instances of velocity.The speed at which an object is moving in a certain direction is known as its velocity, to put it simply. Using a car traveling north on a highway as just an example, or a rocket once it has taken off as a speed example. According to the definition of a scalar, the absolute magnitude of the velocity vector is always equal to the speed of the motion.
In physics, what does the term "velocity" mean?A body's or an object's velocity determines which way it moves. Speed is often a scalar variable. Velocities are vector quantities in their most basic form. It gauges how quickly an area changes in distance. The displacement's pace of change is what matters. 1.90 cm, ter. In liters per second
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cover the top half of a camera lens. what effect does this have on the pictures taken, if nothing else changes?
When we cover the top part of the lens, the image becomes dimmer. So we lose about half of the light from all areas of the object when we block half of the lens.
What is meant by an optical instrument?The camera is used to capture images, events, and so on. It is photographic and consists of a lens system convex lens and photographic film encased in a black box to make it light proof. The camera's operating mechanism is similar to the eye's, but the camera can also make tangible images.
The image becomes dimmer when we cover the top of the lens. This means that light from all areas of the object passes through all of the lens and then creates the image, so when we block half of the lens, we lose about half of the light from all areas of the object.
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