Silica gel is polar, sure. If three doors are present at this time and you look at the TNC played here, this door is performing the less polar structure. And the more polar one is displayed here.
The first question in this query asks us about silica gel's polar properties. Silica gel is therefore polar, yes. If three doors are present and the TNC is being played here, this door is performing the least polar structure.
And the more polar one is displayed here. The tile accidents' structure, I believe, is what comes next. As a result, the tile acetate has the following structure. He did it in a similar manner. And the magazine's structure is as follows.
This is a magazine, then. Nixon is made up of 12345 and six carbon atoms. This has six carbons in it.
In response to the second question, 75% of respondents indicated that they would be highly hesitant to give Zane a hug. The answer is 75/25". Since there is a greater amount of polar solvent, it will hesitate, and the magazine is a non-polar solvent.
Therefore, the new solvent is more dated than Poehler's new solvent. R. F values for sports rise as solvent concentration rises. Therefore, as the polarity of the solvent grows, our F values, office boards, and material become more connected to the solvent and move with it. Thus, all winter sports are faster in pollers. These sports have quicker paces.
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How many total atoms does C6H₁2O6 contain?
Answer:
So, total number of atoms = 6 + 12 + 6 = 24.
Explanation:
When performing the last step in the reaction, aluminum metal is added in excess to the solution. It reacts and dissolves. What happens to the excess aluminum metal when recovering the copper metal?.
Using the law of the conservation of mass, we can see that the aluminum metal would precipitate out of the solution as aluminum oxide.
What is the last step of the reaction?Let us recall that the law of the conservation of mass states that mass can not be created nor destroyed but the mass can be converted from one form to another. In this case, we can see that the mass of the system would remain a constant. The mass of the system does not change this is in accordance with the law of the conservation of mass.
Hence, When performing the last step in the reaction, aluminum metal is added in excess to the solution. It reacts and dissolves, there would be a recovery of the aluminum as the oxide of the aluminum and by doing the mass of the system would remain the same but before and after the reaction.
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the system absorbs 34.7 j from the surroundings in form of heat as it increases its volume to 12.80 l under an external pressure of 0.900 atm. what was the initial volume of the system if the internal energy of the system decreased by 127.5 j? (to convert between l⋅atm and j, use 1l⋅atm
The initial volume of the gas is obtained as 11.02 L.
What is the initial volume?The work done can be obtained from the use of the formula;
W = PΔV
W = work done on the gas
P = pressure of the gas
ΔV = Change in volume
Now we can see that;
Internal energy = 127.5 J or 1.26 Latm
Heat lost = 34.7 J or 0.34 Latm
We now have;
-1.26 = 0.34 - 0.900(12.80 - V1)
-1.26 = 0.34 - 11.52 + 0.9V1
-1.26 + 11.18 = 0.9V1
V1 = -1.26 + 11.18 / 0.9
V1 = 11.02 L
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Which type of bond will most likely be found in hbr given that the electronegativity of hydrogen is 2. 20 and the electronegativity of bromine is 2. 96?.
A polar covalent bond will exist in HBr if the electronegativity of hydrogen is 2. 20 and the electronegativity of bromine is 2.96
In HBr, a covalent bond is present which is formed as a result of a small electronegativity difference between the two atoms.
It is also formed when two atoms share electrons mutually to form a bond.
For example, in the HBr case, both Bromine and hydrogen share their pair of electrons and form a covalent bond.
In general, a covalent bond forms between atoms when the forces of attraction and repulsion are balanced and in a stable condition.
In covalent bonding, shared pair of electrons is called bonding pair.
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The light-gathering ability of a reflecting telescope depends on its _____
a. length
b. mirrors
c. lenses
d. materials
Answer:Mirrors
Explanation:
Therefore, the independent variable was ___________
and the dependent
variable was ___________
Therefore, the independent variable was cause and the dependent
variable was effect.
What is independent variable?An independent variable is a variable that you manipulate or change in an experimental study to study its effects. It is called "independent" because it is not influenced by other variables in the study.
Independent variables are also called:
Explanatory variables (they explain an event or result) Predictor variables (they can be used to predict the value of the dependent variable) Right variables (they appear on the right side of the variable) ). regression equation).These terms are especially used in statistics, where you can assess the extent to which a change in the independent variable can explain or predict changes in the dependent variable.
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Answer:
the whole answer for everything is
temperature
solubility
temperature
solubility
clearly supported
Explanation:
hop this helped ong
is it possible for rocks to keep growing and spread if not broken down
Answer:
The rock helps smother unwanted plant growth, but some stubborn weeds find a way to thrive. Weed prevention starts before you put the rocks down and continues with regular maintenance to stop a large-scale weed invasion.
Explanation:
HOPE IT HELPS YOU
The unit for density found in many density tables is kg/m3. At a certain temperature, the gasoline you pump into your car’s gas tank has a density of 732.22 kg/m3. If your tank has a capacity of 12 gallons, how many grams of gasoline are in your tank when it is full? How many pounds?
You may enter answers using e-notation.
For example, 1.3 × 10-8 would be entered as 1.3E-8.
g
lbs
Answer:
5.12x10+5 lbs
2.32E+9 g
Explanation:
Density = 732.22 kg/m^3
Volume = 12 gal
Conversion Factor: 0.00378541 gal/m^3 or 264.1721769 m^3/gal
Convert 12 gallons to m^3: (12 gal)*(264.2 m^3/gal) = 3170 m^3 in 12 gal
Determine total mass from volume: (3170 m^3/12 gal)(732.2 kg/m^3) = 2321186 kg in 12 gal.
Conversion Factor: 1000 g/kg
Mass of gasoline: (2321186 kg)*(1000g/kg) = 2.32E+9 g
Conversion Factor: 0.453592 kg/lb or 2.20462442 lb/kg
Yotal wieght = 231186 kg)*(2.205 lb/kg = 511734 lbs (5.12E+5 lbs)
consider the given balanced equation. n 2 3 h 2 ⟶ 2 n h 3 how many moles of ammonia are formed when 4 moles of nitrogen react? select one: 8 4 2 1
From the balanced equation, 8 moles of ammonia are formed when 4 moles of nitrogen react.
N₂ + 3H₂ ⇒ 2NH₃
That's the balanced equation in the question. A mole in a chemical equation is usually denoted by the coefficient of each substance. From the equation, one mole of Nitrogen reacted with three moles of hydrogen to produce 2 moles of ammonia. Using this information, we can produce a mole ratio. A mole ratio is the ratio of the number of moles of one reactant required to completely react with another reactant or the ratio of the number of moles of one product produced to another product.
The mole ratio in the above equation is
1 : 3 : 2
To easily find how many moles of ammonia are formed when 4 moles of nitrogen react:
1 mole of Nitrogen = 2 moles of ammonia
4 moles of nitrogen = x moles of ammonia
Therefore, x = 4 x 2/1 = 8 moles of ammonia.
Thus, 8 moles of ammonia are formed when 4 moles of nitrogen react.
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If a circuit is arranged so that the current may take two or more different paths, what
type of circuit is it?
An open circuit
A closed circuit
A series circuit
A parallel circuit
If a circuit is arranged so that the current may take two or more different paths then it is a parallel circuit .
What is circuit.
circuit is a completely circular path where electricity flow.
A circuit consists a current source , conductor and a load.
It is a close path or a line forming boundary.
A parallel circuit comprises branches so that the current divided .
The rule of parallel circuit is all components share the same voltage .
It is simple safe and reliable it's allowed for additional components .
The application of parallel circuit is the electrical wiring to the power point in every household is in the form of parallel circuit.
That's why it's called parallel circuit.
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Answer:
Parallel circuit
Explanation:
Penn Foster
List these drinks in order of kinetic energy, starting with
the drink whose particles have the highest kinetic
energy.
Drink
Hot Chocolate
Milk
Juice
Water
Intro
Temperature
(in °C)
50
35
40
15
O hot chocolate, water, juice, milk
hot chocolate, juice, milk, water
Owater, milk, juice, hot chocolate
O water, hot chocolate, juice, milk
The correct order for the kinetic energy of the drinks is hot chocolate, juice, milk, and water at their respective temperature ie. option b.
What is kinetic energy?
The energy that a body has because it is moving is called kinetic energy.
The kinetic energy is directly related to the temperature. Therefore, the temperature means more kinetic energy.
Since the hot chocolate has the highest temperature followed by juice and then milk and water.
Hence, the correct answer is option b
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Calculate the frequency of wave that had a wavelength of 425 nm
The frequency of the wave is found to be 7.05×10¹⁴hertz.
The relation between speed of light, frequency and wavelength is given by,
C= fλ
f=c/λ
f= 3×10⁸/425×10⁻⁹
f=7.05×10¹⁴.
Thus, the frequency of the wave is found to be 7.05×10¹⁴ hertz.
The number of waves that pass a specific place in a given period of time is known as the wave frequency. The hertz (Hz) is the SI unit for wave frequency, and 1 hertz is equivalent to 1 wave crossing a fixed point in 1 second. A wave with a higher frequency has more energy than a wave with a lower frequency of the same amplitude.
A wave’s wavelength is the separation between two adjacent waves’ corresponding points. The Greek letter lambda () is typically used to represent a wave’s length. Wavelength is defined as the product of a wave train’s frequency (f) and speed (v) in a medium.
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Balance the chemical reaction
using an atom inventory.
What is the coefficient for
aluminum?
[?]AI + [ ?]Cl₂ →→ [?]AICI3
Answer:
reactants. product
Al(1) Al(1)
Cl(2) Cl(3)
2Al+3Cl2 ---> 2AlCl3
reactants. product
Al(2) Al(2)
Cl(6) Cl(6)
In a balanced chemical equation, the mass and the charge are both equal. Here the balanced equation is 2Al+3Cl₂ → 2AlCl₃. Here the number of Al and Cl on both sides of the equation are equal.
A balanced chemical equation, in which the masses of the reactants and products are equal, contains the same amount of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. In other words, both sides of the reaction have an equal balance of mass and charge.
Making both sides of the reaction, the reactants and the products, equal in the number of atoms per element is the ultimate goal of balancing chemical equations.
In order to balance the equation, Al+Cl₂ → AlCl₃, multiply 'Al' and 'AlCl₃' by 2 and Cl₂ by 3. So that the number of 'Al' atoms becomes 2 and 'Cl' atoms becomes 6.
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describe a shell model of a lithium atom (li), which has 3 protons. predict whether the majority of lithium atoms on earth are uncharged, positively charged, or negatively charged.
Majority of lithium atoms on earth are positively charged.
What is the charge of lithium?3 protons and 3 electrons respectively, make up a lithium atom. It might become an ion if one of its electrons is lost. It now has a net positive charge since there are more positive protons than negative electrons. It is a positive ion as a result.
What is lithium atom?An atom of the chemical element lithium is known as a lithium atom. Three electrons connected by the electromagnetic force to a nucleus with three protons and either three or four neutrons, depending on the isotope, are what make up stable lithium. The nucleus is held together by strong force.
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what is the ratio of constants at 25 c for two reactions a and bif the standard free energy of activiation of reaction a is 28 kj/mol less than that of reaction b
The ratio of the constants for the two reactions is found to be 7.10 by using the Arrhenius equation.
The Arrhenius equation is [tex]k = A e^\frac{-Ea}{RT}[/tex], where A is the frequency or pre-exponential factor and [tex]e^\frac{-Ea}{RT}[/tex] is the proportion of collisions at temperature T that have enough energy to overcome the activation barrier (i.e., have energy higher than or equal to the activation energy Ea).
The exponential part in the Arrhenius equation means that when the activation energy diminishes, the rate constant of a reaction grows exponentially. Because the rate of a reaction is exactly proportional to its rate constant, the rate also grows exponentially. Because a reaction with a low activation energy requires less energy to reach the transition state, it should occur more quickly than a reaction with a higher activation energy.
Given:
T = 25℃ = 25 + 273 = 298K
[tex]Ea^B - Ea^A[/tex] = 28kJ/mol = 28000J/mol
R = 8.314J
To find:
kA / kB = ?
Formula:
[tex]k = A e^\frac{-Ea}{RT}[/tex]
Calculations:
From Arrhenius equation,
kA = [tex]A e^\frac{-Ea^A}{RT}[/tex]
kB = [tex]A e^\frac{-Ea^B}{RT}[/tex]
kA / kB = [tex]e^\frac{Ea^B - Ea^A}{RT}[/tex]
kA / kB = [tex]e^\frac{28000}{8.314 * 298}[/tex]
kA / kB = 7.10
Result:
The ratio of the constants is found to be 7.10
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Onsider this reaction. 2mg(s)+o2(g) 2mgo(s) what volume (in milliliters) of oxygen gas is required to react with 4.03 g of mg at stp? 1860 ml 2880 ml 3710 ml 45,100 ml
The volume of oxygen required to react with 4.03g Mg at STP is found to be 1860mL by using the ideal gas equation.
An ideal gas is a theoretical gas comprised of numerous randomly moving particles that do not interact with one another. A true gas is the polar opposite; it takes up space (volume) and its molecules interact. As a result, PV is always equal to nRT.
The ideal gas law is a single equation that links an ideal gas's pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles. The combined gas law describes the relationship between a gas's pressure, volume, and temperature.
Reaction:
[tex]2Mg (s) + O_2 (g) \rightarrow 2MgO (s)[/tex]
Given:
Mass of Mg = 4.03g
STP
To find:
Volume of Oxygen = ?
Formula:
PV = nRT
Calculations:
No. of moles of Mg = 4.03/24 = 0.168 mol
2 moles of MgO are obtained from 2 moles of Mg
1 mole of [tex]O_2[/tex] gives 2 moles of MgO
Therefore,
No. of moles of Oxygen = 0.168 / 2 = 0.084 mol
Volume of Oxygen = nRT/P
Volume of Oxygen = 0.084 x 0.082 x 273 / 1
Volume of Oxygen = 1.860L
Volume of Oxygen = 1860mL
Result:
1860mL of oxygen is required to react with 4.03g Mg at STP.
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What is the value of the gas constant, r, in units of l ⋅ atm mol ⋅ k ? report the value with at least three significant figures.
If you choose the first value of R, which is 0.082057 L atm mol-1K-1, then your units for pressure, volume, and temperature must all be in atm, liters, and Kelvin respectively.
What is gas constant?
The physical constant known as the gas constant (abbreviated R) is measured in terms of units of energy per degree increase in temperature per mole. Other names for it include the universal gas constant, the ideal gas constant, and the molar gas constant.
The gas constant is the same as the Boltzmann constant in terms of value, but it is stated as the pressure-volume product rather than energy per particle per degree of temperature increase.
Hence, the value of gas constant is 0.082057 L atm mol-1K-1,.
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Which gas(es) ill diffuse faster than CO2, if they are all at the same temperature and concentration?
Ammonia (NH[tex]_{3}[/tex]) is the gas that will diffuse faster as it has lower molecular weight than CO[tex]_{2}[/tex].
The rate of diffusion or effusion is explained by Graham's law. According to this law, lighter atoms and molecules will diffuse through the air more quickly than heavier atoms and molecules while a gas's temperature and pressure are kept constant.
The rate of effusion of a gas is the process by which material particles from the confined region gradually start to escape. Think about how a balloon would deflate from the inside out if we made a hole in it, allowing the gas inside to start escaping into the atmosphere. This is referred to as the effusion of gas into the atmosphere.
As ammonia has lower molecular weight than CO[tex]_{2}[/tex], it will diffuse faster.
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You have a solution that contains 100 ml of 1. 5 m potassium carbonate and another 100 ml solution that contains 1. 0 m fecl2 and 2. 0 m nabr. When you mix the two solutions together to form a precipitate. What is the precipitate and how much is formed assuming the insoluble product precipitates completely?.
The precipitate is iron(II) carbonate based on the solubility of all possible cation and anion combinations and based on its molar mass, 11.6g of it will precipitate.
All the potassium salts and sodium salts except sodium bicarbonate are soluble in water, therefore the precipitate is the iron(II) salt. Iron(II) bromide is soluble in water, on the other hand, iron(II) carbonate is not water-soluble. Therefore iron(II) carbonate will precipitate.
According to the given data, we have;
0.100 L × 1.5 M = 0.15 moles of carbonate ions
0.100 L × 10. M = 0.1 moles of iron(II) ions
As they react in a 1:1 ratio, there is an excess of the carbonate ions and 0.1 moles of Iron(II) will precipitate.
Now by using the molar mass, the mass of the precipitate can be calculated as follows;
M = (56 + 12 + 3 × 16) g/mol
M = 116 g/mol
n = m ÷ M
m = M × n
m = 116 g/mol × 0.1 mole
m = 11.6 g
Therefore, iron(II) carbonate is the precipitate and the mass of this insoluble product is calculated to be 11.6 g.
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PLEASE HELP, AWARDING BRAINLIEST!
The maximum kinetic energy of an ejected electron is 5.08 e⁻²⁰.
Total energy = threshold energy + kinetic energy.
Kinetic energy = Total energy - threshold energy
= hc/λ - hc/λ₀
= 6.64 × 10⁻³⁴ × 3 × 10⁸( 1/312 - 1/339) × 10⁹ J
= 0.00508 × 10⁻¹⁷ J
Into three significant figures = 5.08 × 10⁻²⁰
or 5.08 e⁻²⁰.
The threshold wavelength is the most wavelength that the incident radiation should have so that the photoelectric effect takes region. The painting's characteristic is defined as the minimal electricity had to take away an electron from the strong to a degree in vacuum immediately outdoors the surface of the stable.
The threshold frequency is defined because the minimum frequency of incident radiation underneath which the photoelectric emission is not feasible absolutely. regardless of the depth of incident radiation.
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How would this model be like after being separated chemically? Please help!!
A separation process is a method that divides a mixture or solution of chemical compounds into two or more different product mixtures. It is a scientific approach of separating two or more substances in order to achieve purity.
How are chemical brews divided?
Mixtures can be separated using a variety of techniques. Chromatography on a solid medium necessitates solvent separation. Distillation involves the use of several boiling points. Evaporation removes a liquid from a solution, leaving a solid behind.
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if the total energy of the two atomic orbitals is x and the energy difference between bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals is y then the energy of bonding and anti-bonding molecular orbital will be:
As ′y′ is the energy of molecular orbitals, then for bonding molecular orbital, it is [tex]\frac{y}{2} - x[/tex] and for antibonding molecular orbital, it is [tex]\frac{y}{2} + x[/tex] according to the molecular orbital theory.
Different electron affinities cause the phenomena of different molecular orbital distributions in bonds. Atoms with a high electron affinity tend to control the filled molecular orbitals because they have a strong inclination to attract electrons inward and toward their centers. The vacant molecular orbitals are often dominated by those with weak electron affinities.
According to the molecular orbital theory, a bonding and antibonding molecular orbital pair's differing energies are accompanied by the fact that the energy by which a bond is reduced is less than the energy by which a bond is increased, i.e., the stabilizing energy of each bonding interaction is smaller than the destabilizing energy of antibonding.
Therefore, if ‘y’ is the molecular orbital energy, the antibonding molecular orbital has [tex]\frac{y}{2} + x[/tex] and the bonding molecular orbital has [tex]\frac{y}{2} - x[/tex].
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3. Comparing and Contrasting The compound
in blood that carries oxygen to cells throughout
the body contains iron. Iron has an atomic number
of 26. Iron-59 is used to diagnose disorders in the
blood. How is iron-59 different from all other
isotopes of iron? How is it the same?
HELPP ASAP
Its is different because Iron-59 contains 33 neutrons. We also call it the same because it has 26 protons.
Due to its 33 neutrons, iron-59 differs from other iron isotopes. Due to the fact that all isotopes have 26 protons, they are all the same.
What are Isotopes?
Isotopes two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties; in particular, a radioactive form of an element.
Hence, Iron-59 is different form other isotopes of iron because it contains 33 neutrons. It is the same as other isotopes because they all contain 26 protons.
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in the laboratory, a quantity of i2 was reacted with excess h2 to give 0.590 moles of hi. it is also known that the percent yield of this reaction was 74.0%. how many moles of i2 reacted
Using the balanced reaction equation, we can calculate that 0.399 moles of iodine reacted.
To solve this, we need to write the balanced reaction equation first:
H₂ + I₂ → 2HI
Now we can use the actual yield and the percent yield to calculate the theoretical yield:
0.590 mol / 0.740 = 0.797 mol of HI
From the reaction equation, we can see that 1 mole of iodine produces two moles HI. Using that information, we can set up the following proportion:
1 mol of I₂ : 2 mol of HI = X : 0.797 mol of HI
X = 1 mol of I₂ * 0.797 mol of HI / 2 mol of HI
X = 0.399 mol of I₂
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In a constant-pressure calorimeter of negligible heat capacity, 25 ml of 1. 00 m cacl2 is mixed with 25 ml of 2. 00 m kf, resulting in solid caf2 precipitating out of the solution. During this process, the temperature of the water rises from 25. 0°c to 26. 7°c. Assume the specific heat capacity of the solution is 4. 184 j/°c•g and the density of the solution is 1. 00 g/ml. Calculate the enthalpy of precipitation in kj per mole of caf2 precipitated.
Answer:
q = mC∆T
m = mass = 25 ml CaCl2 + 25 ml KF = 50 ml x 1.00 g/ml = 50 g
C = 4.184 J/g-deg
∆T = 1.7 deg
q = (50 g)(4.184 J/g-deg)(1.7 deg) = 355.6 J
Looking at the chemical reaction: CaCl2(aq) + 2KF(aq) ==> CaF2(s) + 2KCl(aq)
moles CaCl2 present = 0.025 L x 1.00 mol/L = 0.025 mol CaCl2
moles KF = 0.025 L x 2.00 mol/L = 0.05 mol KF
Neither reactant is limiting as they are both present in stoichiometric quantities. Thus, moles CaF2 formed will be 0.025 moles CaF2 formed.
∆Hppt = 355.6 J/0.025 moles = 14,224 J/mole = 14.2 kJ/mole
1. How do people in America remember their heroes? (1 point)
Oby eating birthday cake
Oby doing special dances
Oby celebrating special holidays
Oby traveling to different countries
2. What did Martin Luther King. I want for all peopl
you can increase thermal energy of a substance by heating it. hen you apply heat, you are ________ energy from the _____ source to the ________
You can increase the thermal energy of a substance by heating it. When you apply heat, you are transferring energy from one source to another.
The state of matter of a substance is an extrinsic property, which means that its surroundings can alter it. The state of matter is influenced by physical factors like pressure and temperature. A substance’s temperature rises when thermal energy is applied, changing the substance’s state from solid to liquid (melting), liquid to gas (vaporization), or solid to gas (sublimation).
Sublimation is defined as the property of a substance when it directly converts to a gaseous state from a solid state. Condensation can occur when a substance is subjected to increasing pressure. It may evaporate as a result of a decrease in pressure. Decreased pressure can also cause some forms of rock to melt.
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How do ionization energies provide evidence for the quantization of the energies of electrons?.
Ionization energies provide evidence for the quantization of the energies of electrons by taking a specific amount of energy to remove exactly one electron from an atom.
Quantization of energy:
An electron can radiate or absorb energy as radiations only in limited amounts or bundles called quanta. This is known as quantization energy
The formula for quantization of energy:
E = hf
E = energy
f frequency
h = plank's constant
As we know the motion of the electron in the hydrogen atom is not free. The electron is bound to the atom by the attractive force of the nucleus and consequently, quantum mechanics predicts that the total energy of the electron is quantized. There is an approximate amount of energy that is needed to overcome the attractive force between the electrons and the nucleus.
If less than the required ionization energy then the electrons can not be removed.
Therefore Ionization energies provide evidence for the quantization of the energies of electrons by taking a specific amount of energy to remove exactly one electron from an atom.
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Each item describes an example of thermal energy transfer. Identify each item according to the method of thermal energy transfer described in the scenario. There are two examples of heat transfer for each type below.
1. Someone places a hand on metal table and the hand feels cooler (conduction, convection, or radiation?)
2. Storm clouds from when warm air moves upwards in the atmosphere (conduction, convection, or radiation?)
3. A person turns on a lamp and feels it warmth on their hands (conduction, convection, or radiation?)
4. The heat from a space heater rises to the top of a room and is replaced by cooler air (conduction, convection, or radiation?)
5. Energy from the sun travels to the Surface of the Earth (conduction, convection, or radiation?)
6. Heat from a stove warms a pot of soup (conduction, convection, or radiation?)
Conduction is the process through which heat is transferred from an object's hotter end to its cooler end. A hotter body naturally transfers heat to a cooler body.
Convection is single- or multiphase fluid flow that develops on its own as a result of the interaction between a fluid's body forces—most frequently gravity and density—and material property heterogeneity.
Thermal radiation is electromagnetic energy released when matter particles move thermally. When heat from the movement of charges in the material is converted to electromagnetic radiation, thermal radiation is produced. Thermal radiation is emitted by all matter that has a temperature higher than absolute zero.
Someone places a hand on metal table and the hand feels cooler - conductionStorm clouds from when warm air moves upwards in the atmosphere -convectionA person turns on a lamp and feels it warmth on their hands -conductionThe heat from a space heater rises to the top of a room and is replaced by cooler air - convectionEnergy from the sun travels to the Surface of the Earth - radiationHeat from a stove warms a pot of soup - conductionTo know more about thermal energy transfer, click on the link below:
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calculate the volume of 0.2m naoh required to bring the ph of 20 ml of 5% acetic acid solution to 4.74, which is the pka of acetic acid.
Volume required is 41.625 ml of 0.20M NaOH must be added to the 20 ml of 5%. acetic acid solution to bring the pH to 4.74.
Solution -
Step 1: To calculate molarity of acetic acid in100 mL of solution
Molar mass of acetic acid = 60.0591 mol
No. of moles of acetic acid = mass of acetic acid ÷Molar mass of acetic acid
=5g÷60.05g/mol
moles of acetic acid 0.08326 mol
Molarity of acetic acid =moles of acetic acid/ Vol of sol" (in L)
=0.08326 mol/L÷0.1L
=0.8326mol/L
Molarity of 20 mL of 5% acetic acid solution = (20 mL) x 0.8326 mol /L
= 0.01665 mol/L
Step 2 :To calculate volume of 0.20 M NaOH required.
Let 'v' liters of 0.20 M NaOH was added to the acetic acid solution.
New Molarity of NaOH, x = (V x 0·20) M -equation (1)
Given: pH=4.74 ,pka=4.74
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is:
[tex]pH = pK_a + log10([A^-] / [HA])[/tex]
[A⁻] = conjugate base
[HA] = acid
Acetic acid + NaOH → Sodium acetate + H2O
Initial 0.01665 M xM 0 M
change -x -x +x
Final 0.01665-x 0 xM
pH=pK a +log [Sodium acetate] [acetic acid]
4 * 74 = 4 * 74 + log(x/(0.01665 - x))
0 = log(x/(0.01665 - x))
Taking antilog both
[antilog (0) = 1]
1 = x / 0.016C5-x
0.01665 - x = x
x = 0.008325 M
New So, Molarity of NaOH = 0.008325 M
From equation (1).
New Molarity of NaOH = V ×0.20M
=0.008325 V × 0.20
V= 0.041625 L
V= 41.625 mL
Thus the volume will be V= 41.625 mL
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