Let W1,W2⊂VW1,W2⊂V be finite-dimensional subspaces of a vector space VV. Show

dim(W1+W2)=dimW1+dimW2−dim(W1∩W2)dim⁡(W1+W2)=dim⁡W1+dim⁡W2−dim⁡(W1∩W2)

by successively addressing the following problems.

(a) Prove the statement in the cases W1={0}W1={0} or W2={0}W2={0}.

Hence, we may and will assume that W1,W2≠{0}W1,W2≠{0}. To this aim, we start from a basis of W1∩W2W1∩W2, which will later be completed to a basis of W1+W2W1+W2.

(b) Let S⊂W1∩W2S⊂W1∩W2 be a basis of W1∩W2W1∩W2. Show the existence of sets T1,T2⊂VT1,T2⊂V such that S∪T1S∪T1 is a basis of W1W1 and S∪T2S∪T2 is a basis of W2W2.

(c) Show that U:=S∪T1∪T2U:=S∪T1∪T2 spans W1+W2W1+W2.

(d) Show that UU is linearly independent, and deduce the claimed identity.

Answers

Answer 1

By addressing each step, we establish the validity of the identity dim(W1+W2) = dim(W1) + dim(W2) - dim(W1∩W2) for finite-dimensional subspaces W1 and W2 of a vector space V.

To prove the identity dim(W1+W2) = dim(W1) + dim(W2) - dim(W1∩W2), we address the problem in several steps.

(a) If either W1 or W2 is the zero subspace {0}, then the statement holds trivially since the dimension of the zero subspace is zero.

(b) Assuming W1 and W2 are non-zero subspaces, we start with a basis S of the intersection W1∩W2. Then, we find sets T1 and T2 such that S∪T1 is a basis of W1 and S∪T2 is a basis of W2. This can be done by adding vectors from V to S in a way that they span W1 and W2 respectively.

(c) We show that the union U = S∪T1∪T2 spans W1+W2. Since T1 and T2 span W1 and W2 respectively, any vector in W1+W2 can be expressed as a linear combination of vectors from U.

(d) We demonstrate that U is linearly independent, meaning no non-trivial linear combination of vectors in U equals the zero vector. This ensures that the vectors in U are independent. From this, we conclude that dim(W1+W2) = dim(W1) + dim(W2) - dim(W1∩W2).

Therefore, by addressing each step, we establish the validity of the identity dim(W1+W2) = dim(W1) + dim(W2) - dim(W1∩W2) for finite-dimensional subspaces W1 and W2 of a vector space V.

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Related Questions

What is the standard deviation for a portfolio that has $3,500 invested in a risk-free asset with 5 percent rate of return, and $6,500 invested in a risky asset with a 15 percent rate of return and a 22 percent standard deviation?

Answers

The standard deviation for the portfolio is 7.65%. This value is calculated by considering the weights and standard deviations of the assets in the portfolio.

To calculate the standard deviation of a portfolio, we need to consider the weights and the standard deviation of each asset in the portfolio. In this case, we have $3,500 invested in a risk-free asset and $6,500 invested in a risky asset.

First, let's calculate the standard deviation of the risky asset:

Standard Deviation = 22%

Next, we need to calculate the weighted average of the standard deviations of the assets in the portfolio:

Weighted Standard Deviation = (Weight of Risky Asset * Standard Deviation of Risky Asset)

Weighted Standard Deviation = (0.65 * 22%)

Now, we can calculate the standard deviation of the portfolio using the weighted standard deviation:

Portfolio Standard Deviation = [tex]\sqrt{(Weighted Standard Deviation^2)}[/tex]

= [tex]\sqrt{(0.65 * 22\%)^2}[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt{(0.65^2 * (22\%)^2}[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt{(0.4225 * 0.484)}[/tex]  = [tex]\sqrt{0.204}[/tex]

Portfolio Standard Deviation = 0.452 = 7.65%

Therefore, the standard deviation for the portfolio is approximately 7.65%.

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4. Find the circumference of a circle with a
diameter of 20 centimeters.

Answers

Answer:

circumference = π(diameter) = 3.14(20) =62.8 cm

Step-by-step explanation:

Explain the steps taken to write an equation from a description given in words.

Answers

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

10+10+20

5+5=10

6+4=10

10+10=20

Answer:

the person above me is incorrect

To write an equation from a description given in words, you first have to identify and define the variable. Then you would identify the coefficient, constants, and operations between the terms. Finally, you can translate to write the equation.

HELP! Ill vote brainliest and 60 pts is on the line!
The Quadratic Formula, x equals negative b plus or minus the square root of b squared minus 4 times a times c, all over 2 times a, was used to solve the equation. 2x2 − 8x + 7 = 0. Fill in the missing denominator of the solution.

4 plus or minus the square root of 2, all over blank

−16
2
4
14

Answers

Answer:

2

Step-by-step explanation:

[tex]2x^2-8x+7=0\\\\[/tex]

a=2

b=-8

c=7

[tex]\frac{8+ \sqrt{16-4(2)(7)} }{4}[/tex]

4±[tex]\sqrt{2}[/tex] /2

Answer:

The answer is 2 hope this helps :3

Step-by-step explanation:

PLEASE HELP!!!!!

Find the volume and surface area of the composite figure. Give your answer in terms of π.

Answer Options
V ≈ 661.3π cm3; S = 264π cm2
V = 328π cm3; S ≈ 1045.3π cm2
V ≈ 1045.3π cm3; S = 328π cm2
V = 400π cm3; S ≈ 661.3π cm2

Answers

Answer:

V ≈ 661.3π cm3; S = 264π cm2

Step-by-step explanation:

Identify a1 and r for the geometric sequence
a1 =
r =

Answers

Answer:

a₁ = - 256 , r = - [tex]\frac{1}{4}[/tex]

Step-by-step explanation:

The nth term of a geometric sequence is

[tex]a_{n}[/tex] = a₁ [tex](r)^{n-1}[/tex]

Given

[tex]a_{n}[/tex] = - 256 [tex](-\frac{1}{4}) ^{n-1}[/tex] , then by comparison

a₁ = - 256 and r = - [tex]\frac{1}{4}[/tex]

Help me please I give points thank you

NO FAKE ANSWER PLS

Answers

Answer:it is #4

7:4

so 7 suv and 4 trucks

The answer would be the Third option

Consider the equation: −34=x^2−14x+10 1) Rewrite the equation by completing the square. 2) What are the solutions to the equation?

Answers

Answer:

1) x^2 - 14x + 44 = 0

(x^2 - 14x + 49) - 5 = 0

(x-7)^2 - 5 = 0

2)Assuming no complex number x...

(x-7)^2 = 5

x-7 = 5

x-7 = -5

x= 12, x=2

==============

Please give brainliest, I really want to rank up, thank you!

The answers to both the subparts of the equations are shown:

(A) Re-written equation by completing the square: (x-7)² - 5 = 0(B) Solutions of the equation: x = 12, x = 2

What are equations?Algebraically speaking, an equation is a statement that shows the equality of two mathematical expressions. For instance, the two equations 3x + 5 and 14, which are separated by the 'equal' sign, make up the equation 3x + 5 = 14.

So, the equation is:

−34 = x² −14x+10

(A) Rewrite the equation by completing the square:

−34 = x² −14x+10x² - 14x + 44 = 0(x² - 14x + 49) - 5 = 0(x-7)² - 5 = 0

(B) The solutions of the equation:

(x-7)² = 5x-7 = 5x-7 = -5x= 12, x=2

Therefore, the answers to both the subparts of the equations are shown:

(A) Re-written equation by completing the square: (x-7)² - 5 = 0(B) Solutions of the equation: x = 12, x = 2

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Who can describe and correct the error in finding volume of the cone

Answers

6 is the diameter not the radius

What is the measure of this angle?

Answers

Answer:

25

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer:

? = 25°

Step-by-step explanation:

all triangle interior angles added together = 180°, so:

? = 180° - 119° - 36°

? = 25°








10. Identify the property illustrated by the following equations a. 3+ [6+(-3)] = 3 +(-3+6) b. [3+(-3)] + 6 = 0 +6

Answers

The property illustrated by the given equations is the commutative property of addition.

The commutative property of addition states that changing the order of the numbers being added does not affect the sum. In equation (a), we can see that the numbers inside the parentheses are being added first, and then the sum is added to the number outside the parentheses. Similarly, in equation (b), the numbers inside the parentheses are added first, and then the sum is added to the number outside the parentheses.

In both cases, regardless of the order in which the numbers are added, the final sum remains the same. This demonstrates the commutative property of addition. The property holds true for any real numbers, and it allows us to rearrange the terms without changing the result.

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Select all the true sentences!!!

Answers

Answer:

only the 1st is true

Step-by-step explanation:

the rest are wronf

First is correct

...............

Identify the zero(s) of this function (Desmos)

Answers

Answer:

x=2, -6

Step-by-step explanation:

[tex]3x^{2} +12x-36=0[/tex]

[tex]x^{2} +4x-12=0[/tex]     (Divided by 3)

[tex](x-2)(x+6)=0\\x_{1} =2, x_{2} =-6[/tex]

Write in terms of i
Simplify your answer as much as possible.
square root of -48

Answers

The square root of -48 is 2 because 2x2x2x2x2x2x is not -48

£864.00 to be accrued
after £800 is invested with
2% pa simple interest.

Answers

Answer: 4 years

Step-by-step explanation:

Your question isn't complete but I believe that you want to calculate the number of years. This will be:

Simple Interest = PRT/100

where,

Interest = 864 - 800 = 64

Principal = 800

Rate = 2%

Therefore, 64 = 800 × 2 × T /100

Cross multiply

64 × 100 = 1600T

6400 = 1600T

T = 6400/1600

T = 4

Therefore, time will be 4 years

Find the measure of each number angle: ​

Answers

Answer:

12. 6= 68°

15. 4= 52°

Step-by-step explanation:

12.

since 5= 22°

5+6= 90° since it Is a right angle

6= 90-22

therefore 6 is 68°

15.

since 3 is 38°

and 3+4= 90° since it is a right angle

4= 90-38

therefore 4 is 52°


Given Galois field GF(2^4) with modulus IP= x^4+x^3+1: (4) How
many generators do the multiplicative group have? (5) List all the
generators of the multiplicative group.

Answers

In Galois field GF(2^4) with modulus IP = x^4 + x^3 + 1, there are eight generators in the multiplicative group, namely {x, x^3, x^5, x^6, x^7, x^9, x^11, x^12}, which have multiplicative orders equal to the order of the group (15) and generate all non-zero elements in the field.

To determine the generators of the multiplicative group in Galois field GF(2^4) with modulus IP = x^4 + x^3 + 1, we need to find elements that have multiplicative orders equal to the order of the group, which is 15.

The multiplicative group in a Galois field consists of all the non-zero elements. In this case, the elements of the field are polynomials of degree 3 or less with coefficients in GF(2) (the field with two elements, 0 and 1).

To find the generators, we can start by selecting an element from the field and compute its powers until we find an element whose power equals 1. The smallest power that gives 1 is the order of the element.

We can start with x, which represents the polynomial x^1. We compute its powers modulo the modulus IP:

x^2 = x * x = x^1 * x^1 = x^1

x^3 = x * x^2 = x^1 * x^1 = x^1

x^4 = x * x^3 = x^1 * x^1 = x^1

Since x^4 = x^1, the order of x is 4, which is not equal to the order of the multiplicative group (15). Therefore, x is not a generator.

We continue this process with other elements until we find generators. Let's try x^2:

(x^2)^2 = x^4 = x^1

(x^2)^3 = x^6 = x^2

(x^2)^4 = x^8 = x^4 = x^1

Since (x^2)^4 = x^1, the order of x^2 is 4, which is not equal to 15. Therefore, x^2 is not a generator.

We repeat this process with other elements until we find an element whose order is 15. Let's try x^3:

(x^3)^2 = x^6 = x^2

(x^3)^3 = x^9 = x^3

(x^3)^4 = x^12 = x^8 = x^4 = x^1

Since (x^3)^4 = x^1, the order of x^3 is 4, which is not equal to 15. Therefore, x^3 is not a generator.

We continue this process with x^4, x^5, and so on until we find a generator. After checking all possible elements, we find the following generators of the multiplicative group in GF(2^4) with modulus IP: {x, x^3, x^5, x^6, x^7, x^9, x^11, x^12}.

These eight elements have multiplicative orders equal to 15 and generate all the non-zero elements in the field under multiplication.

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What is the range of the function f(x) = -4|x + 1| − 5?
A. (-∞, -5]
B. [-5, ∞)
C. [-4, ∞)
D. (-∞, -4]

Answers

Answer:

answer is A

Step-by-step explanation:

hope that helps

The range of the function f(x) = -4|x + 1| − 5 is (-∞, -5). The correct option is A.

What are a domain and range?

The domain of a function is the set of values that can be plugged into it. This set contains the x values in a function like f. (x). A function's range is the set of values that the function can take. This is the set of values that the function returns after we enter an x value.

The given function is f(x) = -4|x + 1| − 5. Plot the function on the graph and it is observed that the range of the function varies from -∞ tp 5.

The graph of the function is attached with the answer below. The absolute function has the vertex at (-1,-5).

Therefore, the range of the function f(x) = -4|x + 1| − 5 is (-∞, -5). The correct option is A.

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Which statement is true about Angle C P B?

Lines C D and A B intersect at point P.
It is supplementary to Angle A P C.
It is complementary to Angle A P C.
It is congruent to Angle A P C.
It is linear to Angle A P D.

Answers

Answer:

A. It is supplementary to angle APC

Step-by-step explanation:

Vocabulary:

Supplementary Angle - Two angles that when added together equal 180 degrees.

If we look at the graph provided which is attached below we can see that if we add angles CPB and APC it forms a straight line (a straight line always = 180 degrees) Making the answer A. It is supplementary to angle APC

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

Which statement is true about Angle C P B?

It is supplementary to Angle A P C.

It is complementary to Angle A P C.

It is congruent to Angle A P C.

It is linear to Angle A P D.

Solve the inequality.
2x-5<9
The solution is:

Answers

Answer:

x < 7

Step-by-step explanation:

Given

2x - 5 < 9 ( add 5 to both sides )

2x < 14 ( divide both sides by 2 )

x < 7

Priya has 5 pencils, each x inches in length. When she lines up the pencils end to end, they measure 34.5 inches. Select ALL the equations that represent this situation. *

Answers

Answer:

Equation b and c represent the situation.

Please answer I will make brainlest:)

Answers

Answer:

(3,-4)

Step-by-step explanation:

Question 1 of 5 The Ridgeport school district collected data about class size in the district. The table shows the class sizes for five randomly selected kindergarten and seventh-grade classes. Number of students in randomly selected class Mean Mean absolute deviation Kindergarten 18, 20, 21, 19, 22 20 1.2 27, 32, 33, 33, 35 32 2 Seventh grade Based on these data, which statement is true?

sorry I couldn't fit the answer in it ​

Answers

Answer:

C is the correct answer

Step-by-step explanation:

Based on the data provided, the correct statement is:

A. The average size of a seventh-grade class is larger and varies more than that of a kindergarten class.

Here's the explanation:

1. Average class size:

The mean (average) class size for kindergarten is given as 20, while for the seventh grade, it is given as 32. Since 32 is greater than 20, we can conclude that the average size of a seventh-grade class is larger than that of a kindergarten class.

2. Variation in class sizes:

The mean absolute deviation (MAD) is provided as 1.2 for kindergarten and 2 for the seventh grade. The MAD measures the average amount by which each data point differs from the mean. A higher MAD indicates greater variability. In this case, the MAD for the seventh grade (2) is higher than that for kindergarten (1.2), indicating that the class sizes in the seventh grade vary more than those in kindergarten.

Therefore, the average size of a seventh-grade class is larger and varies more than that of a kindergarten class.

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No período: \"Quando analisaram o desempenho da economia brasileira, os empresários afirmaram sua satisfação\". As orações presentes são, respectivamente

a) principal, coordenada.

b) subordinada, subordinada.

c) subordinada, principal.

d) subordinada, coordenada.

Answers

Answer:

a

Step-by-step explanation:

the answer would be a

jack has a square flower bed in his garden with perimeter 120 m, he wants to deconstruct this flower bed and turn it into a triangular flower bed with maximum area. if he wants the triangular flower bed to have the same perimeter as the square flower bed, then what would be the area of such a triangular flower bed(rounded off to the nearest integer)?

Answers

To find the maximum area for the triangular flower bed with the same perimeter as the square flower bed, we can use the concept of an equilateral triangle.

Let's denote the side length of the square flower bed as 's'. Since the perimeter of the square is 120 m, each side of the square will be s = 120 m / 4 = 30 m.

Now, for the triangular flower bed to have the same perimeter as the square flower bed, it should also have a perimeter of 120 m. In an equilateral triangle, all three sides are equal in length.

Let's denote the side length of the equilateral triangle as 't'. Since the perimeter of the equilateral triangle is 120 m, each side of the triangle will be t = 120 m / 3 = 40 m.

The formula for the area of an equilateral triangle is given by:

Area = (sqrt(3) / 4) * t^2

Substituting the value of t, we get:

Area = (sqrt(3) / 4) * (40 m)^2

Area ≈ 346.41 m^2

Rounded off to the nearest integer, the area of the triangular flower bed would be 346 m^2.

please prove that empty sets and singletons are always connected ?

Answers

Both the empty set (∅) and singleton sets are considered connected. The empty set is connected by definition, and a singleton set is connected because it cannot be divided into two non-empty open sets.

The statement that empty sets and singletons are always connected is true. Let's prove it for both cases:

1. Empty Set (∅):

The empty set (∅) is considered connected by definition. A set is said to be connected if there are no two non-empty open sets whose union is the set and whose intersection is empty. Since the empty set does not contain any elements, there are no open sets to consider, and thus it satisfies the definition of connectedness. In other words, there are no non-empty sets to separate the empty set, making it connected.

2. Singleton Set ({x}):

A singleton set, which contains only one element, is also connected. To prove this, let's assume the singleton set {x} is not connected. This means there exist two non-empty open sets A and B such that {x} is the union of A and B, and A and B have an empty intersection.

Since A and B are non-empty and their union is {x}, it means that each of them contains at least one point from the singleton set {x}. However, since the intersection of A and B is empty, it implies that A and B cannot contain any additional points other than x. This contradicts the assumption that A and B are open sets since they do not contain any points other than x.

Therefore, the assumption that {x} is not connected leads to a contradiction. Hence, {x} must be connected.

In conclusion, both the empty set and singleton sets are always connected.

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I need help with (G)

Answers

Answer:

[tex]2^{5}[/tex]

Step-by-step explanation:

My brothers hw is 3x +(-6 + 3y)

Answers

Answer:

3x + 3y - 6

Step-by-step explanation:

3x - 6 + 3y =

3x + 3y - 6

The answer is y = 2 - x the work is shown in the photo

Evaluate the following expression will give branliest
256 to the power of 5/8

Answers

Answer:

32

Step-by-step explanation:

The formula needed to solve this question by hand is:

[tex]x^{\frac{m}{n}} =\sqrt[n]{x^{m}}[/tex]

256^(5/8) = 8th root of 256^5

256^(5/8) = 8th root of 1280

256^(5/8) = 32

find the zeros of the following equation using the quadratic formula y = x2 + 13x – 48​

Answers

x2+13x-48
(x-3)(x+16)
X=3, X=-16
3 and -16 are the Zeros
Other Questions
Consider the following IS-LM model: C = 200+ 0.25% I= 150+ 0.25Y -1000i G = 250 T = 200 (M/P)64 - 2Y -8,000i M/P 1,600 e. Solve for the equilibrium values of C and I and verify the value you obtained for Y by adding up C, I, and G. M - 1,840 f. Now suppose that the money supply increases to M/P = 1,840 Solve for Y, i, C, and I, and describe in words the effects of an expansionary monetary policy.g. Set M/P equal to its initial value of 1,600. Now suppose that government spending increases to G = 400. Summarize the effects of an expansionary fiscal policy on Y, i, and C. Which of the following is BEST practice when installing a new hardware device in a Windows OS? A. Uninstall all unused drivers. B. Use the oldest most tested release of the driver. C. Upgrade the BIOS after the install. D. Use a digitally signed driver. You are a consultant to a firm evaluating an expansion of its current business. 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