815 mL of this solution contains 570.5 mL of water and 244.5 mL of alcohol, respectively.
We are given a solution of alcohol that is 30.0% (v/v). This indicates that there is 30.0 mL of alcohol in 100 mL of solution.
The volume of alcohol In the 815 mL solution must now be calculated.
As 30.0 mL of alcohol is present in 100 mL of solution.
Therefore, a solution of 815 mL [tex]\frac{815}{100} *30.0 = 244.5mL[/tex] of alcohol.
Alcohol, therefore, has a capacity of 244.5 mL.
We must now determine the water’s volume.
[tex]The volume of water = Volume of the solution - Volume of alcohol[/tex]
Water volume = 815 mL – 244.5 mL
Water volume = 570.5 mL
As a result, the water’s volume is 570.5 mL.
Thus, there are 570.5 mL of water and 244.5 mL of alcohol, respectively, in 815 mL of this solution.
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which reaction conditions would generate cyclopentyl ethyl ether utilizing the williamson ether synthesis? answer (a) bromocyclopentane and sodium ethoxide (b) bromoethane and sodiumpentoxide (c) ethanol and bromocyclopentane (d) both a
The synthesis of cyclopentyl ethyl ether, a combination of bromocyclopentane and sodium ethoxide (option a) or ethanol and bromocyclopentane (option c) can be used as reaction conditions.
What is synthesis?Synthesis is the process of combining multiple sources of information to create a unique idea or perspective. It involves taking a variety of ideas and combining them together to form a new, unique thought or opinion. Synthesis is often used in research papers and essays to develop a deeper understanding of a given topic. It allows readers to draw their own conclusions by looking at the various sources of information and forming their own opinion. Synthesis is an important skill to have in order to be able to think critically, analyze information, and form new ideas.
The Williamson Ether Synthesis (WES) is a method for synthesizing ethers from alcohols and alkyl halides. The reaction involves deprotonation of the alcohol with a base such as sodium ethoxide to form an alkoxide, followed by reaction with the alkyl halide.
For the synthesis of cyclopentyl ethyl ether, a combination of bromocyclopentane and sodium ethoxide (option a) or ethanol and bromocyclopentane (option c) can be used as reaction conditions. Therefore, the correct answer is (d) both a and c.
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Balance the following chemical equation.
CO2(g)+CaSiO3(s)+H2O(l) --> SiO2(s)+Ca(HCO3)2(aq)
Balanced Equation: CaSiO3 + 2 CO2 + H2O = Ca(HCO3)2 + SiO2
One or more chemical substances can react with each other and form one or more new substances through a process which is referred to as chemical reaction.
Reactants are the elements required for a reaction's initialization.
The components that remain after a reaction are called products.
Each kind of atom is to be present on both the reactant and product side of a chemical equation in a chemical reaction in order for it to be balanced.
On both sides of balanced chemical equations, the same number and type of each atom can be found.
A balanced chemical equation must have coefficients that are the smallest whole number ratio.
Mass is always conserved in chemical processes.
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In cranberry gla an addittive which i obtained by the reaction of gold chloride with tannou chloride ued to impart red coloration i
In cranberry glass, an additive used to impact red coloration is Purple of Cassius.
The purple of Cassius is a pigment which can be prepared as follows;
When gold chloride reacts with tin(II) chloride or stannous chloride, a purple pigment is formed. This pigment is called Purple of Cassius.
If gold chloride and tin chloride are present in the solution, cranberry glass is formed.
The intensity of the red color depends upon the concentration of gold present.
This method is used to test the concentration of gold.
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a particular substance decays in such a way that it loses half its weight each day. how much of the substance is left after 9 days if it starts out at 64 grams
If it starts off at 64 grams, there are just [tex]\frac{1}{4}[/tex] grams left after 9 days.
The half-life of a radioactive element is the amount of time it takes for it to decay to half of its original value. This means that a source's activity has a half-life when it takes a certain amount of time for it to decrease to half of what it was. These radioactive atoms release energy at a quantifiable pace known as radioactive decay to transform into new, distinct sorts of atoms.
[tex]r= \frac{1}{2}\\[/tex]
[tex]a_{1} = 64\\n=9[/tex]
[tex]a_{n}= a_{1}(r)^{n-1}[/tex]
[tex]a_{9}= 64(\frac{1}{2} )^{9-1}\\a_{9}= 64(\frac{1}{2} )^{8}\\a_{9}=64(\frac{1}{256} )\\a_{9} = \frac{64}{256} \\a_{9}= \frac{1}{4}[/tex]
[tex]a_{9} = \frac{1}{4}[/tex] grams
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FILL IN THE BLANK. 0.50 mole of NaCl is added to 1.0 kg of water. The freezing point of the solution will be ________.=A) 0.00 °CB) 0.93 °CC) 1.86 °CD) -0.93 °CE) -1.86 °C
The freezing point of 0.5 mole of NaCl in 1.0 kg water will be -1.86 °C
The freezing point depression formula is:
Δ[tex]T = i * Kf * m[/tex]
where:
ΔT = the change in the freezing point
i = the van't Hoff factor of NaCl = 2
Kf = the freezing point depression constant of water = [tex]1.86\frac{Celcius}{m}[/tex]
m = the molality of the solution
The molality of the solution will be stated in the equation as moles of NaCl per kilogram of solvent.
Δ[tex]T = i * Kf * m[/tex]
Δ[tex]T = i * Kf * (\frac{moles NaCl}{kg of water} )[/tex]
We can now use the equation for the freezing point depression to calculate the freezing point of the solution.
Δ[tex]T = i * Kf * (\frac{moles NaCl}{kg of water} )[/tex]
Δ[tex]T = 2 * 1.86 * (\frac{0.5}{1} )[/tex]
Δ[tex]T = 1.86[/tex]
[tex]0.00 Celcius - Freezing Point Solution = 1.86[/tex]
[tex]Freezing Point Solution = -1.86 Celcius degree[/tex]
As the result, the freezing point of the solution will be -1.86 °C and the right answer is E.
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given rncl2, cf4, n2, and no+ which of these molecules is an exception to the octet rule?
NO+: Nitrogen mono-oxide ion is the exception.
The octet rule refers to the characteristic feature of any atom to have preference for possessing eight electrons in the valence shell or outer shell.
RnCl2: Radon Chloride
The central Rn atom is bound to 2 Cl atom and itself has two lone pairs. Hence the number of electrons in valance shell is: (2*2) +(2*2) =8; It fulfils Octet rule.
CF4: Carbon tetrafluoride
The central Carbon atom is bound four F atoms. Hence the number of electrons in valance shell is: (2*4) = 8: Fulfils Octet rule.
N2: Nitrogen
N atom is bound to another N atom through triple bond and the substance also have one lone pair. Hence the number of electrons in valance shell is: (3*2) + 2 =8: Fulfils octet rule.
NO+: Nitrogen mono-oxide ion
In case the ion stays in a form of N+ bound to O atom through a double bond, the nitrogen molecule here would have six molecules in valance shall and would not obey Octet rule.
But in case the substance stays as N having a triple bond with O+, both the atom having 8 electrons in valance shell would fulfil octet rule.
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a gas canister can tolerate internal pressures up to 310 atmospheres. if a 1.40 l canister holding 3.5 moles of gas is heated to 1250oc, will the canister explode? 313 atm and it will explode 313 atm and it will not explode 309 atm and it will explode 309 atm and it will not explode
The pressure of gas canister at 1250° Celsius is 312 atm which is more than the total internal pressure. Hence, it will explode.
Calculating the pressure of the volume of gas after being heated to 1250° Celsius. This will be done through ideal gas equation which is as follows -
PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is number of moles, R is gas constant and T is temperature.
Converting temperature to Kelvin
T = 1250 + 273
T = 1523 K
P = 3.5×0.082×1523/1.4
Performing multiplication on Right Hand Side of the equation
P = 437.1/1.4
Performing division on Right Hand Side of the equation
P = 312.2 atm
The gas canister will explode as the pressure exceeds.
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write and balance the equation for the complete combustion of pentane, c5h12. what is the coefficient on oxygen gas, after it is balanced?
The balance equation for the complete combustion of pentane,C₅H₁₂ is
C₅H₁₂ (l) + 8 O₂ (g) ⇒ 5CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(g). with the coefficient of oxygen gas after balance is 8.
The balance equation can be write as follows;
first we should Understand the combustion of hydrocarbons. Pentane C₅H₁₂ is A hydrocarbon, or molecule with only carbon and hydrogen atoms. There are usually two predicted byproducts when we discuss the combustion of hydrocarbons: CO₂ and 6H₂O.
Remembering that "reaction with O2" refers to combustion, we may construct the following equation:
C₅H₁₂ (l) +O₂ (g) ⇒CO₂(g) + H₂O(g)
Consequently, by counting the number of atoms in each side of the equation, we may find the equation's balance.
Right side: 5 C atoms, 12 H atoms and 2 O atoms
Left : 1 C atom, 2 H atoms and 3 O atoms
By multiplying CO₂ by 5, we can start to create a balance:
C₅H₁₂ (l) +O₂ (g) ⇒ 5CO₂(g) + H₂O(g)
We can now multiply H₂O by 6 to obtain 12 H in the Left side:
C₅H₁₂ (l) +O₂ (g) ⇒ 5CO₂(g) + 6 H₂O(g)
The LHS now has 16 O, it should be noted. Let's then multiply O₂ by 8:
C₅H₁₂ (l) + 8 O₂ (g) ⇒ 5CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(g)
and we can see the coefficient of oxygen is 8
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Tin has ten naturally occurring isotopes. What do the isotopes have in common?
what term describes the structural relationship between (2r,3r,4s)-2,3,4-trichloroheptane and (2r,3r,4r)-2,3,4-trichloroheptane?
(2R, 3R, 4S) - 2,3,4 - trichloro pentane and (2R,3R,4R)- 2,3,4- trichloro heptane both pairs are Enantiomers which exactly have the same connectivity byt opposite three- dimensional space.
The Enantiomers are non-superimposable mirror images of each other. In a mirror view absolute configuration R becomes S and S becomes R. This can be observed in the names of the two given isomers. Also, all other positions and basic skeleton structure of the compound is same in both the isomers. Two compounds with the exact same connectivity, that are mirror images of each other but that are not identical to each other. Enantiomers contain no mirror planes. Enantiomers do not contain two equal and opposite halves. Enantiomers are another example of a type of stereoisomers. Two enantiomers have identical physical properties, except for optical rotation.
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you have samples of each of the following gases, all at 25 °c and one atmosphere pressure. which sample has the lowest density?
a. Ammonia
b. Argon
c. Carbon dioxide
d. Nitrogen dioxide
e. Oxygen
Answer:
Yeah. Mhm. So on this question, it asked about finding the highest density for a few gasses all at the same temperature. And since gasses will all have the same volume, if they have the same number of moles, your density would be The mass of each over the volume of 25°C. Now the volume of 0°C is 22.4. In order to find the volume at 25°C, you could do PV Equals NRT and plug in one mole, 25°C Plus 2 73. Right to get to Calvin's. Um The pressure value which I don't believe was given in the question of one atmosphere of pressure. Okay, so one atmosphere of pressure, the R value and atmospheres and then you would find the volume. Each of them. You would take their molar mass over that volume. Or if all you want to do is rank them. The highest molar mass would be the most dense. So if you needed the actual density, okay, you would do the molar mass Over the volume. For one mole, each gas would have the same volume. But if all you have to do is rank them. The one with the highest molar mass is the most ends and the one with the lowest molar mass would be the least ends.
Explanation:
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draw the major organic product of the reaction. show the stereochemistry, if applicable. omit byproducts such as water or bromide ion.
Only E alkene is produced as a significant product in this reaction. Z-alkenes exhibit more steric repulsions because the bulky isopropyl and methyl groups are both present on the same side of the double bond.
The study of the relative spatial arrangement of the atoms that are present in the molecules' structure is known as the stereochemistry of the substance. Isomerization occurs when two molecules have the same chemical structure but distinct configurations.
The stereoisomers are the cis-trans isomers. The two comparable or higher priority groups are linked to the carbon atom with the double bond on the same side in the cis isomer. The two comparable or higher priority groups are connected to the carbon atom with the double are on the opposite side in the trans isomer.
Saytzeff's rule states that when an asymmetric molecule is eliminated and there are many places where the unsaturation might occur, the alkene with the greatest number of substituted carbons will often result.
When a base and 3-Bromo-2,2,3-trimethyl pentane react, two compounds are produced by dehydrohalogenation. One product has more substituted alkene, whereas the other has less.
The reaction is shown in the below-mentioned diagram.
Saytzeff's Rule states that alkenes with more substituents are more stable.
As a result, the key component of the given reaction is illustrated below:
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which type involves more energy and where does the energy come from chemical reactions or nuclear reactions
Nuclear reactions are much more energetic than chemical reactions.
Nuclear reactions involve protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Chemical reactions involve electrons orbiting the nucleus. In an exothermic reaction, more energy is released than is used to break the bond of the reactants forming a bond in the product. Nuclear energy is millions of times more powerful than chemical energy.
An exothermic reaction involves an increase in the temperature of the reaction mixture. A chemical reaction that totally absorbs energy is called an endotherm. All chemical reactions require energy. However, like rust and combustion, not all chemical reactions release energy. Some chemical reactions absorb energy rather than release it.
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calculate the ph for the weak acid/strong base titration between 50.0 ml of 0.100 m hcooh(aq) (formic acid) and 0.200 m naoh (titrant) at the listed volumes of added base: 0.00 ml, 15.0 ml, 25.0 ml, and 30.0 ml.
The formula for pH at a weak acid-strong base titration's equivalence point must be used to determine the pH at each stage of the titration:
[tex]pH = pK_a + log \frac{[A^-]}{[HA]}[/tex]
where pK a is the weak acid's acid dissociation constant, [A-] is the concentration of the acid's conjugate base, and [HA] is the acid's concentration.
The weak acid (formic acid) is at a concentration of 0.100 M at the start of the titration (0 mL of additional base), and the conjugate base (formate ion) is at a concentration of 0.00 M, resulting in a pH of:
[tex]pH = pK_a + log \frac{[A^-]}{[HA]} [/tex]
[tex]= pK_a + log \frac{0}{0.100} [/tex]
= pK_a + log(0)
We are unable to determine the pH at this time since the logarithm of 0 is undefinable.
The weak acid concentration falls as the titration goes along and more base is added, while the conjugate base concentration rises. The concentration of the weak acid is 15.0 mL when 15.0 mL of additional base is used.
[tex]0.100 M - \frac{0.200 M \times15 mL }{50 mL} [/tex]
= 0.080 M,
and the concentration of the conjugate base is
[tex] \frac{0.200 M \times 15 mL}{50 mL} [/tex]
= 0.060 M. The pH at this point is:
[tex]pH = pK_a + log \frac{[A^-]}{[HA]}[/tex]
[tex]= pK_a + log \frac{0.060}{0.080} [/tex]
= pK_a + log(0.75)
= pK_a + (-0.122)
You may use the same formula and the appropriate numbers for [A-] and [HA] to determine the pH at the other points in the titration.
It should be noted that the pH at the equivalence point (when the ratio of acid to base is equal) will be the same as the weak acid's pK a. Since the concentration of the weak acid is zero at the equivalence point, the pH is:
[tex]pH = pK_a + log \frac{[A^-]}{[HA]}[/tex]
[tex]= pK_a + log \frac{[A^-]}{0}[/tex]
[tex]= pK_a + log([A^-])[/tex]
The pH at the equivalence point will be lower than the pK a of the weak acid since the logarithm of a number less than 1 has a negative value. Beyond the equivalence point, adding more base will cause the pH to continue to drop.
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an unknown element x can form a compound with the formula xbrs. in which group on the periodic table would element x be found?
The periodic table would element x be found is 1.
Atomic number or number of protons in an atom. The number of neutrons and the number of electrons is often the same as the number of protons but varies from atom to atom.
The current periodic table has 18 vertical columns called groups, arranged from left to right, and 7 horizontal rows called periods. Elements of this group form salts. They are noble gases and inert under normal conditions. It is called the periodic table because of the arrangement of the elements. You'll notice they are in rows and columns.
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when 1.0 mole of the following compounds is added to 1.0 l of water, which will have the greatest total ion concentration at 25 ºc? Select one
A. Calcium phosphate
B. Iron(II) nitrate
C. Potassium hydroxide
D. Potassium chloride
E. Ammonium carbonate
Answer:
ammonium carbonate option e
Potassium hydroxide will have the greatest total ion concentration at 25°C. The correct option is (C)
The total ion concentration is the sum of the molar concentration of all the ions in a solution. A solution of a compound will produce ions when dissolved in water, and the sum of the molar concentration of all the ions is known as the total ion concentration.
Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is a strong base that fully dissociates in water to produce potassium ions (K+) and hydroxide ions (OH-).So, if we add 1.0 mole of KOH to 1.0 L of water, we will obtain a 1.0 molar solution of KOH in which the molar concentration of K+ and OH- will both be 1.0 M.
On the other hand, ammonium carbonate, calcium phosphate, potassium chloride, and iron (II) nitrate will produce fewer ions in solution since they do not fully dissociate, so their total ion concentration will be lower.
Hence, we can say that, when 1.0 mole of the following compounds is added to 1.0 L of water, potassium hydroxide will have the greatest total ion concentration at 25°C.
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If the density of your unknown liquid is 0.65 g/ml, calculate the volume in liters that 3 ml of your unknown liquid would occupy when vaporized at the barometric pressure and temperature of your boiling water bath in run 1.
Answer:
Therefore, temperature is equals to 373 divided by 273, which comes out to be 1.37 density, is given as 0.65 gram per mel. Therefore, the volume of 3 ml liquid when evaporated is equals to 3 into 0.65, divided by molar mass multiplied by 22.4 multiplied by 1.37.
Predict the ground‑state electron configuration of each ion. Use the abbreviated noble gas notation. Cr2+ : Cu2+ : Co3+ :
The Ground state electronic configuration of Cr2+:[Ar] 3d4, Cu2+: [Ar] 3d9, Co3+: [Ar] 3d6
Electronic configuration, sometimes referred to as electronic structure or electron configuration, is the arrangement of electrons in orbitals that surround an atomic nucleus.
1. Cr2+
Atomic no.of Chromium(Cr)=24
a ground state Chromium's electronic structure is as follows: [Ar] 4s1 3d5 = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
(Atomic no.of [Ar](argon) = 18)
so,ground state electronic configuration for Cr2+:
[Ar] 4s0 3d4 =[Ar] 3d4
so, ground state electronic configuration of Cr2+:
[Ar] 3d4
2. Cu2+
Atomic number of Copper(Cu)= 29
Ground state electronic configuration of Cu:
[Ar] 4s1 3d10
so, ground state electronic configuration of Cu2+:
[Ar] 4s0 3d9 = [Ar] 3d9
so,electronic configuration of Cu2+:
[Ar] 3d9
3.Co3+
Atomic number of Cobalt(Co)=27
Ground state electronic configuration of Co:
[Ar] 4s2 3d7
so,electronic configuration of Co3+:
[Ar] 4s0 3d6 = [Ar] 3d6
So,electronic configuration of Co3+:
[Ar] 3d6
Therefore the Ground state electronic configuration of
Cr2+:[Ar] 3d4, Cu2+: [Ar] 3d9, Co3+: [Ar] 3d6
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When sulfuric acid is combined with sugar, gas is released and a tall black column forms. This is an example of a..?
a. physical property
b. chemical property
c. physical change
d. chemical change
Answer: d)
Explanation: Sulfuric acid on reaction with sugar leads to the formation of a lot of heat indicating it to be an exothermic reaction, a large quantity of steam , a black carbon containing tube like structure pushing itself out of the beaker.It is demonstrated as:
C12H22O11 (sugar) + H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) → 12 C (carbon) + 11 H2O (water) + mixture water and acid
The process is actually the dehydration of sugar. It can be demonstrated by simply adding table sugar to a beaker and adding sulfuric acid to it. The process is followed by the release of heat, oxide fumes, and a black tube structure as mentioned. The white sugar on addition of this sulfuric acid get dehydrated and pushes itself outwards by forming a black carbon containing tube like structure.
Since the process is irreversible is nature therefore is a chemical change.
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write and balance the chemical reaction for the following: silver nitrate reacts with solid nickel to form nickel(ii) nitrate and solid silver. what is the coefficient on silver nitrate?
The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is given as,
2AgNO₃(aq) + NiCl₂(aq) → 2AgCl(s) + Ni(NO₃)₂(aq)
For writing a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between aqueous silver nitrate and aqueous nickel(II) chloride to produce solid silver chloride and aqueous nickel(II) nitrate
First, we have to write the chemical formula for the each of the reactants and products is,
Silver nitrate - AgNO₃
Nickel(II) chloride - NiCl₂
Silver chloride - AgCl
Nickel(II) nitrate - Ni(NO₃)₂
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is given as,
2AgNO₃(aq) + NiCl₂(aq) → 2AgCl(s) + Ni(NO₃)₂(aq)
Hence, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is
2AgNO₃(aq) + NiCl₂(aq) → 2AgCl(s) + Ni(NO₃)₂(aq)
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If you had to determine the volume of a lump of salt how could you do it
Yes it could, but you'd have to set up the process very carefully.
I see two major challenges right away:
1). Displacement of water would not be a wise method, since rock salt
is soluble (dissolves) in water. So as soon as you start lowering it into
your graduated cylinder full of water, its volume would immediately start
to decrease. If you lowered it slowly enough, you might even measure
a volume close to zero, and when you pulled the string back out of the
water, there might be nothing left on the end of it.
So you would have to choose some other fluid besides water ... one in
which rock salt doesn't dissolve. I don't know right now what that could
be. You'd have to shop around and find one.
2). Whatever fluid you did choose, it would also have to be less dense
than rock salt. If it's more dense, then the rock salt just floats in it, and
never goes all the way under. If that happens, then you have a tough
time measuring the total volume of the lump.
So the displacement method could perhaps be used, in principle, but
it would not be easy.
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When analyzing the following reaction: 2A + B + 2C > E it was determined through a series of trials that doubling the concentration of A caused the rate of reaction to increase by a factor of 4, tripling the concentration of B had no effect on the rate and doubling the concentration of C caused the rate to double. The rate orders would be:
Question 13 options:
A = 2, B=3, C=2
A = 4, B=0, C=2
A = 2, B=0, C=1
A = 4, B=3, C=2
The rate orders would be: C. A = 2, B=0, C=1
What is the rate order?The rate law demonstrates how the concentration of the reactant affects the rate of a chemical reaction. The rate law typically takes the form rate = k[A]n for a reaction such as a products, where k is a proportionality constant known as the rate constant and n is the order of the reaction with respect to A.
Option (1), (2) and Option 4 is incorrect because the provided expression is incorrect for a reaction rate.
The reaction is 2A + B + 2C > E. The mathematical dependence of the rate on reactant concentrations is described by the reaction orders in a rate law. The reaction is m order with respect to A and n order with respect to B, according to the general rate law discussed above. For instance, the reaction is first order in A and second order in B if m = 1 and n = 2.
In conclusion, the correct option is C.
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what is the half-reaction that occurs at the reduction cathode when 1 m agno3(aq) is electrolyzed with inert electrodes?
Ag (aq) → Ag⁺ (aq) + 1 e⁻ at the anode and NO₃ (aq) + 1e⁻ → NO₃⁻ at the cathode.
The half cell reaction are as follows:
In the anode oxidation always occurs, during the oxidation the reducing agent loses electrons, and its oxidation number increases.
NO₃ (aq) + 1e⁻ → NO₃⁻
In the cathode reduction always occurs, during the reduction the oxidizing agent gains electrons, and its oxidation number decreases.
Ag (aq) → Ag⁺ (aq) + 1 e⁻
Hence, Ag (aq) → Ag⁺ (aq) + 1 e⁻ occurs at the anode and NO₃ (aq) + 1e⁻ → NO₃⁻ occurs at the cathode.
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Ketoacidosis is a potentially life-threatening condition that can occur when there is inadequate cellular glucose uptake, such as in uncontrolled diabetes. Order the steps that would lead to the development of ketoacidosis.
DKA results from a lack of blood sugar entry into your cells, which occurs when your body doesn't create enough insulin to meet your needs. Instead, a procedure known as lipolysis occurs in your liver when fat is changed into acids that produce ketone bodies lead to the development of ketoacidosis.
DKA is less frequent and less severe in patients with type 2 diabetes. It is frequently caused by protracted periods of uncontrolled blood sugar, forgotten medication doses, or a significant illness or infection.
There are several types of ketoacidoses that are clinically significant, including diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), alcoholic ketoacidosis (AKA), and starvation ketoacidosis. DKA is an untreated diabetic complication that could be lethal.
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the radioactive isotope has a half-life of days. a sample containing this isotope has an initial activity at . calculate the number of nuclei
The stable isotopes have an infinite half-life. It's hard to get longer than infinite. There are 252 stable isotopes.
The longest known half-life is currently tellurium-128 at 7.7 × 10^24 years.
The longest directly measured half-life is presently xenon-124 with 1.8 × 10^22 years.
It is somehow possible that some isotopes that we currently think are stable might turn out to have a very long half-life, but we haven't figured it out yet.
For example, scientists used to think that bismuth-209 was stable.
In 2003 we discovered it is radioactive with a half-life of 2.01 × 10^19 years.
Stable isotopes are “stable" and therefore not radioactive. An atomic nucleus needs to be “unstable” for it to be radioactive.
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5.00 g sample of glucose is dissolved in some water and the solution is then diluted to exactly 0.025 l. what is the weight/volume % concentration of the solution? answer should be in this form only -10, no % sign
The weight/volume % concentration of the solution is 20% that is calculated by using the formula below.
Weight of the solute (glucose)= 5.00 g
Volume of solution in liter=0.025 L
Volume of solution in mL=25 mL
In order to calculate % wight/volume, the formula is used which is expressed as follows:
% weight/volume= mass of solute (in gm)/volume of solution (in mL) * 100
It is a measure of the concentration of a solution. w/v% or m/v% is calculated by dividing the mass of the solute in gm by the volume of solution in mL then multiplying this by 100.
Thus by substituting the values,
%weight /volume = 5.00 gm/25 mL*100
=20%
Thus, %weight/volume is 20%.
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Explain two was that food is changed as i passes through the digestive system
So in this question, we have to explain two ways through which food is changed as it passes through the digestive system.
So first of all, food is taken inside our body with the help of our mouth. Once the food enters our mouth, the food gets dissolved in our saliva. Once the food is dissolved in our saliva, it enters the esophagus (which is also called the food pipe ) . From the esophagus, it goes into the stomach. In our stomach, dilute hydrochloric acid is present, which kills all the bacteria present in our food. The food stays in our stomach for 2-3 hours.It then goes into the small intestine which absorbs all the vital and important nutrients like protein, vitamins, and carbohydrates from the food. It then enters the large intestine and after the large intestine, it reaches the anus from where it is excreted.
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478 cal of heat is applied to a glass plate with a mass of 90 g. by how much will the temperature of the plate increasee?
478 cal of heat is applied to a glass plate with a mass of 90 g, and the temperature of the plate increases will be 26.6 g⁻¹.°C⁻¹
The amount of heat applied = 478 cal
The specific heat capacity of glass = 0.2 cal g⁻¹.°C⁻¹
Mass of glass = 90 g
Temperature increased ΔT = ?
We will calculate the change in temperature by using the following equation
Q = mcΔT
Rearrange the equation for ΔT
ΔT = Q / mc
ΔT = 478 cal / 90 * 0.2 cal g⁻¹.°C⁻¹
ΔT = 478 cal / 18 g⁻¹.°C⁻¹
ΔT = 26.6 g⁻¹.°C⁻¹
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a chemistry graduate student is given of a ammonia solution. ammonia is a weak base with . what mass of should the student dissolve in the solution to turn it into a buffer with ph ?
90 g CH₃NH₃Cl should be dissolved in the solution to turn it into a buffer with pH.
90 g CH₃NH₃Cl should be used by the student to dissolve in the solution and to turn methylamine into a buffer with pH.
A 1.70 M of methylamine solution, weighing 450 mL, is delivered to a graduate student in chemistry.
Methylamine (weak base) has a Kb value of 4.4 x 104.
To create a buffer solution with a pH of 10.40 out of the methylamine solution, we should know how much CH₃NH₃Cl should the student dissolve in it.
We will use the Henderson-Hasselbach equation:
pH = pKa + log
So first we use Kb to calculate Ka and then calculate pKa:
Ka = Kw/Kb
⇒ Ka = 1x10⁻¹⁴/4.4x10⁻⁴ = 2.27x10⁻¹¹
pKa = -log(Ka) = 10.64
Now we can calculate the concentration of the salt, CH₃NH₃Cl:
pH = pKa + log (methylamine/salt)
10.40 = 10.64 + log (1.7/salt)
-0.24 = log (1.7/salt)
10⁻²⁴ = log (1.7/salt)
[Salt] = 2.95 M
Now, using the final volume and CH₃NH₃Cl's molecular weight, we can determine its mass and moles by,
450 mL ⇒ 450/1000 = 0.450 L
2.95 M × 0.450 L = 1.3275 mol CH₃NH₃Cl
1.3275 mol CH₃NH₃Cl × 67.45 g/mol = 89.54 g CH₃NH₃Cl
After rounding off to 2 significant digits it becomes 90 g CH₃NH₃Cl
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the h for the dissolution of solid sodium hydroxide in water is -44.4 kj/mol. what is the final temperature of a solution when 13.9 g of naoh dissolves in 250.0 g of water in a coffee-cup calorimeter?
The heat of solution when solid sodium hydroxide dissolve in water is: eq Delta H =-44.4, 37.76 C is the final temperature of a solution.
Given data:
∆H = -44.4 kJ/mol
The heat released by 1 mol of NaOH is:
1 mol NaOH×(44.4 kJ)/(1 mol NaOH)×(1000 J)/(1 kJ)=44400 J
The heat released by 13.9 g of NaOH solution is:
13.9 g NaOH×(1 mol NaOH)/(40 g NaOH)×(44400 J)/(1 mol NaOH)=15429 J
The temperature is:
Q=mC(T_2-23)
15429=250×4.18×(T-23)
Solving for T final temperature
T final temperature = 37.76°C
The amount of heat released or absorbed during a reaction in solution that takes place under constant pressure is referred to as the enthalpy change. It has the sign H, which may be interpreted as "delta H."
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