Sunk expenses and inescapable costs are examples of irrelevant costs. Sunk costs are historical expenses that the company has already incurred or paid for and which won't be impacted by actions made in the future. Costs that the business will bear regardless of its choice are those that cannot be avoided.
Sunk expenses are among the useless costs. future expenses that are consistent across all options. Expenses that have been incurred but cannot be recovered are known as sunken costs. It shouldn't be taken into account when choosing future actions. It is a pointless expense.
Relevant costs include future expenses that don't change depending on the choice. Sunk costs are not important when making decisions because they were already incurred. However, not all unnecessary expenses are sunk costs.
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when patey pontoons issued 10% bonds on january 1, 2024, with a face amount of $720,000, the market yield for bonds of similar risk and maturity was 11%. the bonds mature december 31, 2027 (4 years). interest is paid semiannually on june 30 and december 31. required: determine the price of the bonds at january 1, 2024. prepare the journal entry to record their issuance by patey on january 1, 2024. prepare an amortization schedule that determines interest at the effective rate each period. prepare the journal entry to record interest on june 30, 2024. what is the amount related to the bonds that patey will report in its balance sheet at december 31, 2024? what is the amount related to the bonds that patey will report in its income statement for the year ended december 31, 2024? (ignore income taxes.) prepare the appropriate journal entries at maturity on december 31, 2027.
1) The cost of the bonds is 697197 as of January 1, 2024.
2) the journal entry to reflect Patey issuing them on January 1st, 2024
Dr. Cash A/c 697197
To Bond Payable Account 22803 Discount
Bonds payable at Account Number 720000
3) In the amortization schedule, interest costs are computed using the carrying value of the bond and the semi-annual market rate of interest.
4) the entry to be made in the journal on June 30, 2024, for interest:
Dr. 38346: Interest Expense
To Discount on Bond Payable A/c 2346 To Cash 36000
5) According to Patey's financial sheet as of December 31, 2024, the amount associated with the bonds is 702017.
6) Patey will report $76,821 in bond-related expenses on its income statement for the fiscal year that ends on December 31, 2024.
7) the required journal entries on December 31, 2027, maturity:
31-Dec-27 Interest Cost Account Number 39411
To Cash Account 36000 From Discount on Bond Payable A/C 3411
31-Dec-27
Bond Payable A/c Dr 720000 To Cash A/c 720000
1) Bond prices as of January 1, 2024, are as follows:
Values in the chart are based on:
n= (4 * 2) = 8 years Half years
i= (11% / 2) = 5.50% Semi-annual
Cash Flow Table Value * Amount = Present Value
Principal 0.65160 * 720000 = 469152
Interest (Annuity)
[$720,000*10%*6/12] 6.33457 * 36000 = 228045
Price of Bonds 697197
Bond prices are determined by the present values of the principal and interest.
2) The following is the journal entry to reflect the bond issuance:
01-Jan-24 Cash A/c Dr 697197
To Discount on Bond Payable A/c 22803
To bonds payable A/c 720000
(Being a discount-priced bond)
3) Bond Amortization Schedule
Date Cash Interest Discount Unamortized Carrying
Interest Expense Amortization Discount Value
01-Jan-24 22803 697197
30-Jun-24 36000 38346 2346 20458 699542
31-Dec-24 36000 38475 2475 17983 702017
30-Jun-25 36000 38611 2611 15372 704628
31-Dec-25 36000 38755 2755 12617 707383
30-Jun-26 36000 38906 2906 9711 710289
31-Dec-26 36000 39066 3066 6645 713355
30-Jun-27 36000 39235 3235 3411 716589
31-Dec-27 36000 39411 3411 0 720000
Interest costs are calculated using the bond's carrying value and the semi-annual market rate of interest.
4) 30-Jun-24 Interest Expense Dr 38346
To Discount on bond payable A/c 2346
To Cash 36000
(To register Interest as of June 30, 2024)
5) As per the Bond Amortization Schedule, Bonds reported on December 31, 2024, are equal to 702017.
6) The total of the year's recognized semi-annual interest expenses is the amount of interest expense to be shown on the income statement.
amount pertaining to the bonds that Patey will disclose on its income statement for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 = 38346 + 38475
Therefore, the Interest Expense to be reported in the Income Statement will amount to $76,821
7) At maturity, appropriate journal entries are prepared as follows:
31-Dec-27 Interest Expense A/c Dr 39411
To Discount on bond payable A/c 3411
To Cash A/c 36000
31-Dec-27 Bond Payable A/c Dr 720000
To Cash A/c 720000
(Both interest costs and principal payments are made at maturity.)
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a consumer is aware of the brand but does not have a preference for it over other brands. this level of brand loyalty is known as:
A consumer is aware of the brand but does not have a preference for it over other brands. this level of brand loyalty is known as brand Recognition
What is brand recognition?A consumer's ability to accurately identify a certain good or service based solely on its logo, tagline, packaging, or marketing campaign is known as brand recognition. Audio cues like jingles or theme songs connected to a brand can also cause people to recognize a product.The accuracy with which a consumer can recognize your brand based on visual cues like your logo and colors is referred to as brand recognition. For instance, even if you can't make out the words, you'll instantly know it as Dunkin Donuts if you see the pink and orange initials of the company up ahead.To learn more about brand recognition refer to:
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a plant asset cost $128,000 and is estimated to have a $16,000 salvage value at the end of its 8-year useful life. the annual depreciation expense recorded for the third year using the straight line method would be
The annual depreciation expense recorded for the third year using the straight line method would be $18000.
Annual straight line depreciation = (128000 - 16000) / 8 =14000
Double declining depreciation rate = 14000/(128000-16000)*2= 25%
Depreciation expense for third year = $18000
The accounting technique of spreading out the cost of a tangible item over its useful life is known as depreciation. The amount of depreciation shows how much of an asset's worth has been utilised. By purchasing assets over a predetermined length of time, it enables businesses to generate income from the assets they own.
The initial cost of ownership is substantially lower because businesses don't have to account for them totally in the year that assets are bought. A company's profitability might be significantly impacted if depreciation is not taken into consideration. Long-term assets may also be depreciated by businesses for accounting and tax purposes.
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stagflation may result from: group of answer choices a decrease in the supply of money. a decrease in the price of imported oil. an increase in personal income taxes. an increase in the price of imported oil. an increase in the supply of money.
Stagflation may result from an increase in the price of imported oil. The correct answer would be option D.
An economic cycle known as stagflation is characterized by weak growth, a high unemployment rate and inflation. This confluence is particularly challenging for economists to manage because trying to address one of the issues can make another worse. Stagflation, which economists formerly believed to be impossible, has repeatedly happened in the industrialized world since the oil crises of the 1970s.
According to some, stagflation happens when an economy's capacity for production is decreased by a sharp spike in the price of oil. The best illustration is the oil crisis in the 1970s. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries imposed an embargo on Western nations in October 1973. Due to this, the price of oil increased dramatically on a global scale, driving up the cost of goods and fueling a rise in prices.
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a type of implicit understanding used by oligopolists to coordinate prices without engaging in outright collusion is known as .
A type of implicit understanding used by oligopolists to coordinate prices without engaging in outright collusion is known as price leadership.
In order to effectively set the price of goods or services for the whole market, a dominant company in a given industry must be able to exercise sufficient influence within the sector. This is known as price leadership. The price leader is another name for this kind of business.
A major benefit of price leadership is that it allows businesses to achieve very high profit margins by setting high price points that rivals are prepared to match.
The tactic of establishing prices much lower than those of the competition is known as price leadership. When there is little or no competition, or an oligopoly, it happens most frequently. Each company can set prices relatively independently when there is intense competition with a wide range of product qualities and value propositions.
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Which of the following provides an answer to these questions: What is our business? Who are our customers? What do our customers value? What should our business be?
A) objectives and goals
B) a mission statement
C) a business portfolio
D) marketing and functional strategies
E) operational strategies
What is our business? Who are our customers? What do our customers value? What should our business be? The answer to these questions is provided by a mission statement. Thus, option (B) is correct.
What is business?Business refers to the activity of producing, buying, selling, and exchanging goods or services for profit. The ultimate goal of business is to create value for customers and generate profits for its owners or shareholders
It involves a range of processes such as identifying customer needs, developing products and services, setting prices, marketing and advertising, managing finances, and providing customer service.
What is our business? Who are our customers? What do our customers value? What should our business be? A mission statement gives answer to these questions. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
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all products that an organization sells constitute its ____________.
All products that an organization sells constitute its Product Mix.
A product mix is the totality of product lines and individual products or services offered by a company. Also known as product range or product portfolio. Product combinations vary by company.
Product mix, another name for product assortment, refers to the multiple products that a company offers to its customers. For example, consider a company that sells multiple product lines that are very similar to each other, such as: B. Toothpaste, toothbrush, mouthwash, and other toiletries.
The main function of the product mix is to introduce the company to a particular product and how to promote it to as many customers as possible. A good product mix can provide detailed information about individual products and target customers.
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g value co (value) has 15 million shares outstanding, which trade at $20 per share. value is in a liquidity crisis and issues 2 million shares at $12 per share to a group of hedge funds. what is the total loss incurred by pre-existing shareholders as a result of this share issue?
All of a company's common shareholders may receive preemptive rights from a U.S. company. but federal law does not require this. The company charter will specify whether such rights are recognized.
A subscription warrant that entitles the shareholder to purchase a certain number of shares in a new issue, typically in proportion to their current ownership percentage, may also be issued to the shareholder.
Which Rights Are Preemptive?
Shareholders with preemptive rights can acquire additional shares of a company's common stock before they are made available to the general public in any subsequent issue. This right is a clause in a contract that is usually only available in the United States to early investors in a company that just went public or to majority owners who want to keep their stake in the company when and if more shares are issued.
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the days to collect ratio provides what kind of information? (check all that apply.) multiple select question. that a higher number of days means a longer (worse) time for collection the average number of days from sale on account to collection that a higher number of days means a shorter (better) time for collection that a higher number of days means more customers are defaulting
The days-to-collect ratio provides
that a higher number of days means a longer (worse) time for collectionthe average number of days from sale on account to a collectionWhat is the days-to-collect ratio?Generally, First, you need to multiply the typical amount of accounts receivable by the total number of days in the quarter. Divide the total by the number of sales made on credit.
The number that you get as a result represents the typical number of days required to collect on an account.
In conclusion, The days-to-collect ratio gives the following information:
that a greater number of days indicates a longer (worse) time for a collection that the average number of days from a sale on account to a collection is that a collection will take place
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suppose the equilibrium price of good x is $25 and the equilibrium quantity is 124 units. if the price of good x is $2: question 28 options: a) there will be an excess supply of good x. b) the quantity demanded of good x will be less than 124 units. c) the market is at equilibrium. d) there will be excess demand for good x.
The equilibrium price of good x is $25 and the equilibrium quantity is 124 units. if the price of good x is $2: d) there will be excess demand for good x.
It is possible to utilize a mathematical formula to determine the equilibrium price. The equilibrium pricing formula is based on amounts of supply and demand; to find the price, put quantity desired (Q d) equal to quantity supplied (Qs) (P).
The price at which the quantity of good X demanded and X supplied equals exactly one unit, or the price at which the market "clears," is the equilibrium price for good X. In each market, the equilibrium price is the one where supply and demand are equal.
Thus, $6 a pound is the market's equilibrium price for coffee. The quantity that is required and provided at equilibrium pricing is known as the equilibrium quantity.
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What are three topics you should avoid in all interviews? Why are these topics problematic?
The three topics that should be avoided at interviews are, bad relations with past employers, too much personal information, past failures.
What is an interview?An interview is a verbal communication that occurs between a potential employee and the employers, the interview is a short conversation and should be carried perfectly by the potential employee as there are three topics that should be avoided or discussed at minimal at interview.
Bad relations with past employers is a major turn down for an interview candidate. Expressing too much of personal information can be over information for the employers as they are more interested in candidate's qualification and past experience rather than the personal information. Discussing past failures in a interview can become negative and would reflect a wrong personality.
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If product demand is relatively elastic, what will be the effect on the total revenue if the price is increased?.
If product demand is relatively elastic, an increase in price will lead to a decrease in total revenue.
What will be the effect on the total revenue if the price is increased?If demand for a product is relatively elastic, that means that consumers are price-sensitive and will respond to changes in price by altering their quantity demanded. An increase in price will lead to a decrease in quantity demanded, and therefore a decrease in total revenue.
Elasticity is a measure of how much one variable responds to changes in another variable. In the case of economics, elasticity is often used to measure how demand for a good or service changes in response to changes in price.
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many business decisions are made in hopes of improving a firm's bottom line. which of the following financial statements will reveal a firm's bottom line?
A. income statement
B. trial balance
C. statement of cash flows
D. balance sheet
Answer:
A. income statement
Explanation:
income is the correct answer
on october 1, george jones entered into a contract with johnson motor company, a dealer in automobiles, to buy a car for $10,600. he paid $1,100 down and agreed to make monthly payments thereafter of $325 each. although he made the first payment on november 1, he failed to make any more payments. jones was seventeen years old at the time he made the contract, but he represented to the company that he was twenty-one years old because he was afraid the company would not sell the car to him if it knew his real age. his appearance was that of a man of twenty-one years of age. on december 15, the company repossessed the car under the terms provided in the contract. at that time, the car had been damaged and was in need of repairs. on december 20, george jones became of age and at once disaffirmed the contract and demanded the return of the $1,425 paid on the contract. when the company refused to do so, jones brought an action to recover the $1,425, and the company set up a counterclaim of $1,500 for expenses it incurred in repairing the car. who will prevail? why?
The liability for misrepresentation of age will prevail.
What is misrepresentation of age?In order to get a benefit or rights that might otherwise be denied to them, a person may misrepresent their age by lying to them or misleading them in another way. The charges for these kinds of offenses frequently read "Misrepresentation of Age by a Minor," as they are typically committed by juveniles. However, age fraud can happen in a variety of other contexts and can be carried out by a wide range of individuals or groups of individuals. Up to a year in jail and/or monetary penalties are possible for misdemeanor offenses. Due to the prevalence of minors as parties in these cases, the defendant may frequently be subject to juvenile-specific penalties, such as community service projects or time spent in juvenile detention.
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select all that apply a corporate charter: multiple select question. is required only for publicly-traded corporations. describes the business activities. specifies the shares of stock to be issued. specifies the number of shares outstanding. names the board of directors.
The statements that apply to a corporate charter are:
names the board of directors.describes the business activities. specifies the shares of stock to be issued.What is a corporate charter?A corporate charter refers to a legal document that licenses a company to operate in a certain area. This charter includes a number of things to make the company's operations legitimate.
One is that it includes the name of the board of directors and also includes what exactly the business activities will be. The number of stock to be issued for ownership is also specified.
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. which of the following best describes a set of detailed practices for it service and asset management? a. information technology infrastructure library (itil) b. project management body of knowledge (pmbok) c. agile methodology d. iso 9000
Option a, information technology infrastructure library describes a set of detailed practices for its service and asset management.
An information technology infrastructure library is used in a business to improve the overall lifecycle of production. It includes selection, modification, delivery, and maintenance in production.
It enabled the information technology administrators to be partners with the business instead of being in the backend. The actions and expenses of the information technology departments are following the needs and changes of the business.
Information technology infrastructure library creates documentation and certifications based on the present infrastructure and the services provided by the business. The origin of the technology infrastructure library can be traced to the decade of the 1980s.
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interest rates on floating-rate mortgages have typically been tied to the london interbank offer rate (libor). all else being equal, compared to fixed-payment mortgages and from the perspective of the lender, floating-rate mortgages typically have:
Floating-charge mortgages generally have: Lower hobby charge risk, better default risk.
The required details for floating-rate mortgages in given paragraph
A floating hobby charge is one which modifications periodically: the charge of hobby actions up and down, or "floats," reflecting monetary or monetary marketplace conditions. Often, it actions in tandem with a particular index or benchmark, or with wellknown marketplace conditions. It also can be known as an adjustable or variable hobby charge due to the fact it could range over the length of the debt obligation. A floating hobby charge rises or falls with the relaxation of the marketplace or at the side of every other benchmark hobby charge. The underlying benchmark hobby charge or index relies upon at the sort of loan or security, however it's miles frequently related to both the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the federal budget charge, or thetop charge (the hobby charge monetary establishments fee their maximum creditworthy company customers).
When it involves purchaser loans and debt (like for mortgages, vehicle loans, or credit score cards), banks and monetary establishments fee a unfold over this benchmark charge, with the unfold relying on numerous factors, which includes the sort of asset and the purchaser’s credit score rating. Thus, a floating charge might outline itself as “the LIBOR plus three hundred foundation points" or "plus 3%."
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(last word) in response to the great recession, the federal government engaged in significant deficit-funded spending. while it kept the recession from getting worse, and did result in some positive economic growth, it did not fully achieve the desired result. which of the following best explains why the fiscal policy actions fell short of their objective?
Neither economic growth nor unemployment responded as well as many economists had predicted.
What should be done by the federal government in terms of fiscal policy to combat a recession?
The government may reduce tax rates or boost spending during a recession to boost demand and the economy. On the other hand, it can increase rates or reduce spending to slow down the economy in order to battle inflation.
To lower interest rates, it made open market purchases. In response, governments tried to stimulate the economy through two channels: automatic stabilizers and fiscal stimulus, which entails increased discretionary expenditure or tax reductions. Stabilizers don't depend on specific government acts; instead, they take effect as tax income and expenditure levels vary.
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what is the price of a zero coupon bond that has a par value of $1,000 and 5 years to maturity if the yield on similar bonds is 6%?
The price of a zero coupon bond is $747.27.
M = the date of maturity = $1,000
r = Interest Rate = 6%= 0.06
n= number of years =5 year
zero coupon bond: Price = [tex]M / (1 + r)^n[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{1000}{(1+0.06)^5}[/tex]
=$ 747.27
What is zero coupon bond?A zero-coupon bond also known as a cumulative bond, is a debt security that pays no interest but trades at a deep discount and produces a profit at maturity when the bond is redeemed at full value.
Some bonds are issued as zero-coupon instruments from the outset, while other bonds become zero-coupon instruments after the financial institution de-coupons them and repackages them as zero-coupon bonds. Because zero-coupon bonds offer full payment at maturity, they vary in price much more than coupon bonds.
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level of service is one method of classifying retail outlets; the highest level is known as service, and the lowest level is called service. (enter one word in each blank.)
Level of service is one method of classifying retail outlets; the highest level is known as full service, and the lowest level is called self-service.
The level of provider is a qualitative measure used to relate the best of motor car traffic providers. LOS is used to analyze roadways and intersections by way of categorizing traffic waft and assigning first-class stages of site visitors primarily based on overall performance degrees like vehicle velocity, density, congestion, and so forth.
Stage of service (LOS) is a time period used to qualitatively describe the running situations of a roadway based totally on factors along with pace, journey time, maneuverability, put-off, and safety.
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The crowding‑out effect describes a scenario in which federal deficit spending causes:.
The crowding‑out effect describes a scenario in which federal deficit spending causes:. increased interest rates, which reduces private spending.
What is the crowding out effect?According to the crowding out effect, declining private sector spending is caused by growing public sector spending.
Infrastructure, social welfare, and economics are the three main causes of the crowding out effect.
Contrarily, crowding in shows that borrowing from the government may actually boost demand.
This type of borrowing's sheer size can cause real interest rates to rise significantly, which has the effect of saturating the economy's lending capacity and deterring companies from making capital investments.
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performance appraisals are conducted in order to group of answer choices document employee performance for pay and reward decisions. provide employees with feedback for developmental purposes. distribute bonuses, pay increases and promotions. all of the above
Performance appraisals are conducted in order to document employee performance for pay and reward decisions, provide employees with feedback for developmental purposes, distribute bonuses, pay increases and promotions. Thus all of the above is the answer.
What purposes do performance evaluations serve?A performance assessment, frequently abbreviated as "PA," is a periodic and systematic procedure whereby an employee's job performance is documented and assessed. It is also known as a performance appraisal, performance evaluation, development talk, or employee appraisal. These evaluations are intended to identify both strengths and deficiencies in order to improve performance moving forward.
Performance reviews have significant financial benefits when done well. They can, among other things, increase worker morale and engagement, make expectations clear, assist in getting the most out of employees, and reward effort and dedication. Not just businesses profit from this, though. Clear channels of communication help to easier for employees to raise concerns, express themselves, find their right path, feel appreciated, and be rewarded when they do a good job.
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manuel has been hired by a clothing distributor based in ireland. it is his job to travel to u.s. clothing manufacturers and try to purchase denim products at the lowest price possible. he then receives a commission based on his results. which type of export service provider does manuel work for?
Manuel works as a Confirming house export service provider.
What do you understand by service provider?An organization that offers services to other organisations, such as consulting, legal, real estate, communications, storage, and processing, is referred to as a service provider. A service provider is typically a third-party or outsourced supplier, while it is possible for it to be a division of the company it serves. Service providers are people or businesses that offer services to businesses and other parties. They offer network, processing, and storage services. The service providers provide real estate, communication, educational, legal, and consulting services to organisations. a business that trades on behalf of international customers. Typically, confirmation houses make domestic orders in the countries of the suppliers, arrange for export processing and delivery to the customer, and locally pay the suppliers on behalf of their foreign principals.
Hence, Manuel works as a Confirming house export service provider.
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a. how much will gdp change after a $545 billion increase in government purchases, if the multiplier is 1.5?
The GDP of a country will change by $817.5 billion after a $545 billion increase in government purchases if the multiplier is 1.5.
Gains in total output are greater than the shift in spending that created them in terms of the gross domestic product (GDP), thanks to the multiplier effect. The correlation between government spending and the gross domestic product is commonly referred to as a multiplier.
The deposit multiplier, a term used to describe fractional reserve banking, is another example of a multiplier in operation. There are several instances where multipliers are used, such as when trading on margin or when money is multiplied in fractional reserve banking.
The different categories of multipliers include:
fiscal multiplierinvestment multiplierearnings multiplierequity multiplierLearn more about GDPs and multipliers here:
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What are Black Friday Sales?
Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving in the United States, which has traditionally been a holiday for many workers. Considered to mark the beginning of the holiday shopping season, it typically features significant discounts and special deals.
Why is it referred to as Black Friday?
It is accepted by numerous that the term the biggest shopping day of the year gets from the idea that organizations work at a monetary misfortune, or are "losing money," until the day subsequent to Thanksgiving, when enormous deals at last permit them to make money or put them "operating at a profit."
Are there actually lower prices?
The response yes. During the week leading up to Thanksgiving, in-store discounts typically hover around 20% off and rise to approximately 37% off during Black Friday and Thanksgiving.
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marketers use copy testing to assess the potential effectiveness of their marketing communications message. which of the following measures comprises copy testing?
the following criteria include copy testing, pre-post-viewing interest, and purchasing intent.
A corporation or organization uses the purchasing process to buy products or services in order to achieve its objectives. Although many businesses make an effort to establish standards for the purchasing process, procedures can differ significantly between firms.
The expediting, supplier quality, transportation, and logistics are often also included in the larger procurement process, which includes purchasing.
The organization's acquisition criteria and procedures are directed by purchasing managers/directors and procurement managers/directors. The majority of businesses base their purchasing systems on a three-way check. As a result, three organizational departments complete various phases of the purchase process. For the purpose of discouraging unethical behavior and enhancing the process' credibility, the three departments do not all report to the same senior manager.
Correct question
marketers use copy testing to assess the potential effectiveness of their marketing communications message. which of the following measures comprises copy testing?
Pre- and Postviewing purchasing interest
copy testing
purchasing intent.
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in order to analyze the change in the overall cost of living, economists multiple choice question. use a complex evaluation technique that considers the prices of all goods and service. rely heavily on the expenditure approach to measuring gdp. use a single number that summarizes price changes of all goods.
Economists use many exceptional methods to measure how speedy the economic system is growing.
The most frequent way to measure the economic system is real gross home product, or actual GDP. GDP is the whole price of the whole thing - items and offerings - produced in our economy
What are the foremost challenges of macroeconomic policy?Policymakers have to take numerous elements into account when tackling broad troubles such as unemployment, inflation, and a country's modern gross home product (GDP). Philosophies on how to accomplish boom and a healthy financial system vary
How does macroeconomics affect the economy?Macroeconomics focuses on the performance of economies – changes in monetary output, inflation, pastime and foreign trade rates, and the stability of payments. Poverty reduction, social equity, and sustainable growth are only viable with sound financial and fiscal policies
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https://brainly.com/question/17399691#SPJ4brand loyalty refers to group of answer choices c. a formalized agreement of a vendor to carry one brand over another because it views the quality of that brand to be superior to all others. e. the faith that other products manufactured by the same company with the same brand name will be of the same quality. b. a favorable attitude toward and consistent purchase of a single brand over time. a. the group of brands that a consumer would consider acceptable from among all the brands in the product class of which he or she is aware. d. the willingness of consumers to try a new product in a product line based upon their satisfaction with other products in the line.
Brand loyalty refers to a favourable attitude toward and consistent purchase of a single brand over time. Hence, option B is the correct answer.
In spite of flaws, a competitor's actions, or environmental changes, brand loyalty refers to a customer's good feelings about a brand and their commitment to regularly using its products and/or services. It can also be demonstrated by other means, such as effective word-of-mouth advertising. A customer demonstrates corporate brand loyalty when they pick a specific manufacturer's products over those from other suppliers. It's critical to distinguish between habit, which requires less emotional commitment and attention, and loyalty, which requires dedication. If a company's capacity to keep customers loyal is essential to achieving both its financial and moral objectives, then it is said to adopt the loyalty business model (for instance, ESG responsibilities).
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true or false: from 1900 to 2010, the average stock market risk premium of the united states was the highest of all countries.
It is untrue that from 1900 to 2010, the United States' average stock market risk premium was the greatest of any nation.
What does the US market risk premium look like?This means that, in exchange for the risk they assume, investors in that nation seek a slightly lower return on their investments. This premium has been largely within the range of 5.3% and 5.7%.The term "historical market risk premium" describes the discrepancy between the return an investor anticipates from an equity portfolio and the return on risk-free investments. A theoretical figure used to describe the rate of return on an investment with no risk is known as the risk-free rate of return.The risk premium calculation is relatively easy: Simply take the risk-free rate, which is basically the current interest rate paid on risk-free investments like government bonds and Treasuries, and subtract the predicted return on the given asset.To learn more about Market risk premium refer to:
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which of the following is omitted in a barter transaction?a) tradeb) medium of exchangec) store of valued) money
Money is omitted in a barter transaction.In a barter transaction, two parties trade one basket of goods and services for another basket containing additional goods and services.
What is barter transaction?A barter transaction entails two parties and involves the exchange of one basket of products and services for another basket including other commodities and services. without a related monetary payment.In the alternative trading system of barter, products and services are traded directly for one another without the use of money as a middleman. For instance, a farmer may trade a pair of shoes from a shoemaker for a bushel of wheat.Several different kinds of barter exchanges are briefly described and explained here.Direct bartering is the direct exchange of goods or services between two or more parties.retail barter is exchanged between small enterprises through a trade exchange that is locally arranged.To learn more about barter transaction refer to:
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