A dfa in prolog that will check if a given number is divisible by 6 and accept it if it is divisible will be:
div6(0,6).
div6(1,6).
div6(2,6).
div6(3,6).
div6(4,6).
div6(5,6).
div6(6,6).
What is DFA?
A deterministic finite automaton (DFA), also known as a deterministic finite acceptor (DFA), deterministic finite-state machine (DFSM), as well as deterministic finite-state automaton (DFSA), is a finite-state machine that accepts or rejects a given string of symbols by running through a state sequence that is uniquely determined by the string. The uniqueness of the calculation run is referred to be deterministic. Warren McCulloch as well as Walter Pitts were among the first researchers to suggest a concept comparable to finite automata in 1943, in quest of the simplest models to encapsulate finite-state machines.
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The water in a large lake is to be used to generate electricity by the installation of a hydraulic turbine–
generator at a location where the depth of the water is 50 m (Fig. below). Water is to be supplied at a rate of
5000 kg/s. If the electric power generated is measured to be 1862 kW and the generator efficiency is 95
percent, determine:
(a) the overall efficiency of the turbine–generator,
(b) the mechanical efficiency of the turbine, and
Energy, Energy Transfer, and General Energy Analysis
Example
c)the shaft power supplied by the turbine to
the generator.
From the prompt above, calculations show that:
the overall efficiency of the turbine–generator is 76%the mechanical efficiency of the turbine is 72%; The power of the shaft supplied by the turbine to the generator is 1, 768.9 kW.What is overall efficiency?The yearly total of electricity and mechanical energy generation and usable heat output divided by the fuel input required for heat produced in a cogeneration process and total electricity and mechanical energy production is referred to as overall efficiency.
To arrive at the above results:
Recall that:
Depth of water h = 50m
The Mass flow rate of water, m = 5000kg/s
Generated electric power, P = 1862
Generator efficiency n = 95%
i) To solve overall efficiency we have the expression:
Overall Efficient (Oe) = P/Power generated due to the potential energy of water that is stored (Pw)
Oe = P/Pw x 100% ...........................1
Recall that Potential Energy is given as:
PE = mgh
Hence, Pw - mgh
Plugging in values from the above expression
Pw = 5000 x 9.81 x 50
Pw = 2452500
Pw = 2452.5 kW
Plugging in the values into (1)
Overall Efficiency (Oe) = [1862/ 2452.5] * 100 %
Oe = 0.75922528032
Hence, Overall Efficiency (Oe) [tex]\approx[/tex] 76%
ii) To solve for mechanical Efficiency the formula is given by:
Mechanical Efficiency (Me) = [ Power of Shaft (Ps)/ Potential Energy of Water (Pw)] x 100% ..............................................(2)
In this case, the formula or expression for power generated (Pg) is:
n = Ps/Pg; Making Ps subject of the expression, we have,
Ps = Pg * n
Inputting the values, we have:
Ps = 1862 x 0.95
Ps = 1768.9 kW
Plugging the above into equation 2, we have:
Me = (1768 / 2452.5) x 100%
Me = 0.72089704383
Me [tex]\approx[/tex] 72%
iii) since the shaft power (Ps) is generated by the turbine to the generated, which is already computed in part ii above,
Power of the Shaft (Ps) = 1768.9kW
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usgs stream-gauging stations record water depth, , and channel in order to calculate the discharge of the stream.
USGS stream-gauging stations record water depth and velocity and channel width in order to calculate the discharge of the stream.
Water discharge is used as a support for people's lives in the form of liquid substances. Water has the most important role in human needs. Water discharge is very closely related to time & volume. Water discharge is the velocity of the flow of liquid through the cross-sectional distance per unit time. Water discharge uses volume units per time or ml/second, liters/second, m³/second, liters/hour, m³/hour, and various other units. Discharge units are often used in monitoring the capacity (capacity) of water in rivers or dams so that the existing water can be controlled.
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from the chart, estimate (roughly) the number of transistors per ic in 2018. using your estimate and moore's law, what would you predict the number of transistors per ic to be in 2040?
From the chart, it appears that the number of transistors per IC in 2018 is approximately 10 billion. Using Moore's Law, the number of transistors per IC in 2040 would be approximately 160 billion.
What is Moore's Law?
The observation known as Moore's law states that an integrated circuit's (IC) density doubles roughly every two years. Moore's law is a historical tendency that has been observed and projected. It is an empirical relationship connected to production experience gains rather than a physical law. The finding bears the name of Gordon Moore, a co-founder of Fairchild Semiconductor as well as Intel (and a former CEO of the latter), who predicted in 1965 that the number of components in an integrated circuit would double every year and that this rate of growth would last for at least another ten years. He updated his prediction in 1975, looking ahead to the following ten years, to doubling every two years, or a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 41%.
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How is the national saving in an open economy calculated?
The national savings in an open economy is calculated by adding private savings, public savings, and net capital inflows.
What is economy?
The creation, distribution, and exchange of goods and services, as well as their consumption, constitute the economy. It is broadly defined as a "social realm emphasising actions, discourses, and material expressions associated with the development, use, and management of finite resources." A given economy is a set of activities with primary variables such as culture, values, education, technological evolution, history, social organisation, political structure, legal systems, and natural resources. These factors provide context and content, as well as the conditions and parameters that govern an economy. Alternatively, the economic sphere is a social world of interconnected human activities and transactions that does not exist in isolation.
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. there are n people, each in possession of a different rumor. they want to share all the rumors with each other by sending electronic messages. assume that a sender includes all the rumors he or she knows at the time the message is sent and that a message may only have one addressee. design a greedy algorithm that always yields the minimum number of messages they need to send to guarantee that everyone of them gets all the rumors. (hint. the minimum number of messages for n
The Greedy Algorithm that always yields the minimum number of messages they (n number of people) need to send to guarantee that every one of them gets all the rumors is given as follows:
Func: (State, n) →
this · max = 1 if ! this · max || this · max > n
this · max_num = 1 if ! this · max _ num ||
this · max_num >n
messages = [ ]
if max_num = = n
for i in [ 1...n]
continue if i = = max_num
messages · push [max_num, i, max-state [i]]
else
messages · push [max_num, max_num + 1, max]
this · max + 1
this · max_num + =1
messages.
What is a Greedy Algorithm?A Greedy Algorithm is one that always selects the best instant, or local, option when searching for an answer.
Greedy algorithms discover the overall, or globally, the best solution to some optimization issues but may provide less-than-optimal solutions to specific cases of other problems.
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2. (a) a three-point transverse bending test is conducted on a cylindrical specimen of aluminum oxide having a reported flexural strength of 390 mpa (56,600 psi). if the specimen radius is 2.5 mm (0.10 in.) and the support point separation distance is 30 mm (1.2 in.), predict whether or not you would expect the specimen to fracture when a load of 620 n (140 lbf) is applied. justify your prediction. (b) would you be 100% certain of the prediction in part (a)? why or why not?
Since, Our calculated value of flexural length 373(Mpa) is less than 390(MPa) value therefore fracture is not predicted. Hence, Specimen will not fracture.
What is Flexural Length?
Flexural strength is a measure of concrete tensile strength. It is the ability of an unreinforced concrete beam and slab to withstand bending failure. Loading 6 x 6-inch (150mm x 150 mm) concrete beams with span length at least three times the depth is used to determine it. Flexural strength is measured using standard test methods which is ASTM C 78 (third-point loading) / ASTM C 293 and is expressed as Modulus of Rupture (MR) in psi (MPa) (center-point loading).
Depending on the type, size, and also volume of coarse aggregate used, flexural MR ranges from 10 to 20% of compressive strength. However, laboratory tests of given materials, mix design yield the best co - relation for specific materials. The MR calculated by third-point loading is lower, sometimes by as much as 15%, than the MR ascertained by center-point loading.
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Which of the following will assign a random number in the range of 1 through 50 to the variable number?
a. random(1,50) = number
b. number = random.randint(1, 50)
c. randint(1, 50) = number
d. number = random(range(1, 50))
Answer: B. number = random.randit (1, 50)
technician a says that instrument panel warning lamps can indicate faults with various systems on the vehicle. technician b says that instrument panel warning lamps can indicate proper operation of various vehicle systems. who is correct?
Both technicians are correct in saying that warning lamps on the instrument panel can both signal a problem with a vehicle's systems and show that those systems are functioning properly.
Your automobile uses the dashboard warning lights to let you know when something is wrong, whether it's a door that wasn't closed properly or the dreaded check-engine light. They shine briefly when your car or truck warms up each time you start it, checking that all systems are secure and ready to drive. A light appears on the dashboard of the car when one or more sensors detect a part of it that isn't operating according to plan, signaling a problem that needs to be fixed. Comparable to a home's electrical fuse panel. As soon as you can, stop and turn off the engine if these lights start to appear. The check engine light in some vehicles may be red.
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A day of the week is chosen and a month is chosen at random. What is the probability of choosing Saturday and a months that begins with the letter J?
The probability of choosing Saturday and a months that begins with the letter J is 1/28 (3.57%).
What is the probability?A day of the week is chosen and a month is chosen at random.the probability of choosing Saturday and a months that begins with the letter J is
3 months (January, June, July that start with J)
12 Months (number of possible outcomes)
Probability of choosing a J month is 3/12 = 1/4 (or 25%). Probabilities are denoted by fractions, decimals, or percentages.
one Saturday
seven days a week
Probability of choosing Saturday is 1/7 = (14.28%).
The likelihood of both events occurring simultaneously is 1/4 X 1/7 = 1/28 (3.57%).
The probability of choosing Saturday and a months that begins with the letter J is 1/28 (3.57%).
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experiment 8: dissociation constant of acetic acid by electrical conductivity measurements lab example
The dissociation constant as well as equivalent conductance at infinite dilution, Ao, of a weak electrolyte are computed using only two conductance measurements at different concentration levels. The iterative procedure used on acetic acid data produced the dissociation constant of 1.80 X 10-5 and, an average (n = 4) value of Ao of 389.5, compared to an expected value of 390.7.
What is Electrical conductivity?
Electrical conductivity is just a standard measure of how easily an electric current can flow through a material. Electrical resistivity, on the other hand, attempts to measure how firmly a material resists this same flow of electric current. Both properties are precise inverses of one another. The Greek letter σ denotes electrical conductivity, while the Greek letter ρ denotes electrical resistivity.
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Write a game_setup function that does the following: 1. Creates a numpy array representing the 3 doors 2. Creates a numpy array representing the prizes (0 for goat and 1 for car). You should randomly choose one of the elements of the prize array to be a car and the others should be goats. 3. Your function should return the arrays of doors and prizes
A game_setup function,
def game_setup():
doors = np.array([1, 2, 3])
prizes = np.array([0, 0, 1])
np.random.shuffle(prizes)
return doors, prizes
What is function?
The fundamentals of Python functions, including who they are, their syntax, their primary parts, return keywords, the major types, will be covered in this course. Additionally, we'll examine several examples of Python function definitions. A function is a group of connected claims that together carry out a mathematical, analytic, or evaluative activity. Python functions are easy to define and crucial for programming at the intermediate level. The same standards apply to variable names and function names. The objective is to define a function by grouping together a few often performed actions. We can call the function and reuse the code contained within it using different variables rather than repeatedly writing the same code block for different input variables.
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A steel which has been rapidly cooled from Austenite to room temperature and then is reheated for a few (2-3) hours at a moderate temperature (-400 C) will be undergoing which process? a. Annealing b. Spheroidizing c. Tempering d. Normalizing e. Carburizing
Tempering rapid cooling is used to make steel hard.
What is steel?
Iron, which has a hardness similar to copper in its pure form, is a key component of steel. With the exception of very rare instances, iron is polycrystalline, like all other metals, which means that its crystals are connected at their boundaries. A well-ordered arrangement of atoms, best represented as contacting spheres, makes up a crystal. They are arranged in planes, referred to as lattices, that pierce one another in particular ways. For iron, a unit cube containing eight iron atoms at its corners serves as the finest representation of the lattice structure. The allotropy of iron, or its existence as two crystalline forms, is significant for the distinctiveness of steel.
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a person that can use html, css, and javascript to create websites (as well as service the website and manage user accounts) is known as which of the following?
A person who can construct websites using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript (as well as maintain the website and handle user accounts) is referred to as a web developer.
What is website?
A website, often known as a web site, is a collection of web pages or related material that is published on for at least one web server and given a shared domain name. The World Wide Web is the collective name for all publicly accessible websites. A company's internal website because of its employees is an example of a private website that can only be accessed via a private network. Most websites focus on a single subject or objective, including news, education, business, entertainment, and social networking. The navigation of a website, which frequently begins with a home page, is aided by hyperlinks between web pages. On a variety of gadgets, including PCs, laptops, tablets, and smartphones, users can visit websites. A web browser is the name of the application used on these gadgets.
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procedure in this activity you will identify the centroid location of common and complex shapes using object symmetry, mathematics, and mdsolids software. calculate and label the centroid location calculate, label, and dimension the x and y components. indicate the location of the centroid using the symbol.
It is extremely simple to determine the centroid of a form like a circle or square.The intersection of a triangle's three medians is where the triangle's centroid is found.
Calculate the centroid location ?It is regarded as one of the triangle's three points of concurrency—the incenter, circumcenter, and centroid.Within a triangle is where the centroid is located. The geometric center, however, only serves to indicate the centroid for an object like a beam if the material is uniform or homogeneous.A separate substance is frequently used to strengthen beams and other structures.The centroid's distance from the geometric center is probably altered by this strengthening.Engineers must take this into consideration while creating their designs. Equipment: Card stock, poster board, or a corkboard.- Paper that weighs no more than 20 kg. - Clear tapeScissors, 18 inches of twine, one washer, a thumbtack, a ruler, and MDSolids.To learn more about centroid location refer
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discuss the factors that influence the compressive strength of concrete exposed to a fire of medium intensity (1200 f, short-duration exposure). compared to the compressive strength, how would the elastic modulus be affected?
The specimen size, shape, and friction at its ends are the three main variables that influence the results of concrete compression.
These elements have an impact on the phenomena that are witnessed and on one another. The goal of this work is to evaluate the current understanding of concrete compression and how size, shape, and friction affect it. The following factors affect how fire resistant concrete structures are: element size and shape, concrete type, type of reinforcement, provision of protective concrete cover for the reinforcement, load supported, and restraint circumstances. When exposed to fire, concrete degrades and suffers greatly from loss of mechanical qualities like strength, elastic modulus, and volume deformation. But when concrete is subjected to intense heat from a long-burning fire, it loses most of its structural strength properties. Concrete gets damaged more severely the longer it is left exposed.
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using examples, explain why configuration management is important when a team of people are developing a software product. a small company has developed a specialized product that it configures specially for each customer. new customers usually have specific requirements to be incorporated into their system, and they pay for these to be developed. the company has an opportunity to bid for a new contract, which would more than double its customer base. the new customer also wishes to have some involvement in the configuration of the system. explain why, in these circumstances, it might be a good idea for the company owning the software to make it open source
If numerous individuals are working on a project, configuration management is essential. Many people are working on a project, but each is developing a different module, and modules have dependencies.
What do you mean by configuration management?
Configuration management (CM) is the process of establishing and maintaining consistency between a product's performance, functional, and physical features and its requirements, design, and operational information across the course of its life. Military engineering groups commonly employ the CM process to handle changes across the system lifespan of complex systems such as weapon systems, military vehicles, and information systems.
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You are given an array A of N integers (N is even). Split array A into N/2 pairs in such a way that the largest sum of any pair will be as small as possible. Each element has to belong to exactly one pair.
For example, given array A = [4, 5, 3, 1], we can split it into pairs in three ways:
(4, 5) and (1, 3), where the sums of the pairs' elements are 9 and 4. The largest sum is 9.
(4, 1) and (5, 3), where the sums of the pairs' elements are 5 and 8. The largest sum is 8.
(4, 3) and (5, 1), where the sums of the pairs' elements are 7 and 6. The largest sum is 7.
In the above splits, pairs with the largest sums of elements are (4, 5), (5, 3) and (4, 3). Of these, the smallest is 4 + 3 = 7.
Write a function:
class Solution { public int solution(int[] A); }
that, given an array A of N integers, returns the largest sum of the pairs' elements in the optimal split.
Examples:
1. Given A = [4, 5, 3, 1], the function should return 7, as explained above.
2. Given A = [2, 3, 1, 1], the function should return 4. The optimal split is (1, 3) and (1, 2), where the sums of pairs are 1 + 3 = 4 and 1 + 2 = 3, and 4 is the larger.
3. Given A = [−5, −6], the function should return −11. We can make only one pair, (−5, −6), whose sum is −11.
4. Given A = [2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2], the function should return 4. The only possible split is (2, 2), (2, 2) and (2, 2), where the sums of all pairs are equal to 4.
Write an efficient algorithm for the following assumptions:
N is an even integer within the range [2..100,000];
each element of array A is an integer within the range [−1,000,000,000..1,000,000,000].
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int solution(vector A){
cerr << "Tip: Use cerr to write debug messages on the output tab.";
return 0;
You are given an array A of N integers (N is even). In order to make the largest sum of any pair as small as possible, divide array A into N/2 pairs.
}
int main()
{
vector A = {4, 5, 3, 1};
cout << solution(A);
return 0;
}
What is array?
An array is a type of data structure used in computer science that contains a set of elements (values and variables), each of which is identified by an array index or key. An array is stored in a way that allows a mathematical formula to determine each element's position given its index tuple. A linear array, sometimes referred to as a one-dimensional array, is the most basic sort of data structure. For instance, ten words with memory addresses 2000, 2004, 2008,..., 2036 (or 0x7D0, 0x7D4, 0x7D8,..., 0x7F4) may be used to store an array of ten 32-bit (4-byte) integer variables with indices 0 through 9. This would give the element with index I the address 2000 + I 4) in this case. The first address, foundation address, and base address is the memory location of the first element of an array.
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technician a says that ball joints must be unloaded when checking them for wear. technician b says that ball joints must be loaded when checking them for wear. who is correct?
Technician A is right that unloading ball joints is necessary before inspecting them for wear.
Ball joints are a crucial component of the suspension system that are included in almost every contemporary automobile's suspension. They are one of the key pivot points in the suspension system that join the vehicle's control arms to the steering knuckles or spindles. In addition to allowing the front wheels and suspension to move forward and backward when the driver turns the steering wheel and the vehicle travels over irregularly paved roads, the front ball joints also permit the front suspension to move up and down.
The majority of modern ball joints aren't repairable and last the lifetime of your automobile. However, because ball joints are so critical to your suspension system, it's necessary to know how to check them and how to spot any potential problems. It's advised to repair the damaged ball joint together with its pair if you do find a problem with one of the ball joints. This is due to the likelihood that the other side will shortly follow when one ball joint begins to fail.
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9.2 lab: modified student class we are going to modify the student class from lab 9.1 to take parameters for first name, last name, and gpa in the constructor. implement the following instance methods:
A constructor is a special method in Java that is employed to initialize objects. When a class with object is created, the constructor are called. It has the ability of initializing object attributes.
Step-by-step programming of constructor in Java:
public class Person {
// write your code here
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
private int age;
public String getFirstName(){
return firstName;
}
public String getLastName(){
return lastName;
}
public int getAge(){
return age;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName){
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public void setLastName (String lastName){
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
if (age > 0 && age <= 100) {
this.age = age;
}else {
this.age = 0;
}
}
public boolean isTeen (){
if (age > 12 && age < 20){
return true;
}
return false;
}
public String getFullName (){
if (firstName.isEmpty()) {
return lastName;
}
if (lastName.isEmpty()){
return firstName;
}
if (firstName.isEmpty() && lastName.isEmpty()){
return " ";
}
else {
return firstName + " " + lastName;
}
}
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suppose you are studying an unknown solution based on its precipitation reactions with other solutions, resulting in this data table. na2so4 nacl na2co3
Answer:
Ba ( [tex]No_{3}[/tex])2 and Sr ( NO3))2
one of the differences between high density polyethylene (hdpe) and low density polyethylene (ldpe) is the higher crystallinity of ldpe.
The answer of polythylene is true.
What is polythylene?
Polyethylene or polythene is the most commonly made plastic. It is a polymer that is mostly used for packaging. In 2017, approximately 100 million tonnes of polyethylene resins were manufactured annually, accounting for 34% of the overall plastics market. Eric Fawcett and Reginald Gibson at the Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) facilities in Northwich, England, unexpectedly found the first industrially feasible polyethylene synthesis (diazomethane is a very unstable compound that is normally avoided in industrial application). When a mixture of ethylene and benzaldehyde was subjected to extremely high pressure (several hundred atmospheres), a white, waxy substance was created.
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What are the relative amplitudes of the fourth pair of sidebands for an FM signal with a deviation ratio of 8?
The relative amplitude of the fourth pair of sidebands for an FM signal with a deviation ratio of 8 is -0.1.
What is relative amplitude?The above result is obtained by reading the (Look Up Table) LUT Indexing. LUT is an abbreviation for "Look-Up-Table," which is essentially an indexed collection of integers. LUTs are commonly used in Machine Vision to change pixel values in a specified manner.
The relative amplitudes /0 of all resistance peaks are shown as a function of pressure. Amplitude is defined as the half-distance between the envelope of oscillations at the impedance maximum (N) and minimum (N + 1/2).
In physics, the amplitude is the maximum displacement or distance moved by a point of a vibrating body or wave when measured from its steady state. It is half the length of the vibrational path.
LUTs allow you to route image data by transforming input pixel values into a series of output values. Instead of conducting mathematical operations on each pixel in the image, the grey value is mapped in a look-up table in a fraction of the time it would take to analyze each pixel individually.
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which of the following is a windows programming interface that allows computers to communicate across a local area network (lan)? a. Sever Message Block (SMB) b. Null session values. c. SMTP d. NetBIOS e. Stealth Session
NetBIOS , (Network Basic Input or Output System) is just a network service that allows different computers' applications to communicate with one another over a local area network (LAN).
What is NetBIOS?
On local networks, NetBIOS provides communication services. It employs NetBIOS Frames, a software protocol that enables applications and computer systems on a local area network to interact with network hardware and transfer data across the network.
NetBIOS is a networking industry standard that stands for Network Basic Input/Output System. Sytek invented it in 1983, and it is frequently used there NetBIOS over TCP/IP protocol. It is, however, used in Token Ring networks and by Microsoft Windows.
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Do you like my drawing??
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
That is a very nicely done drawing!
3. If the Boeing 747 above is cruising at 940 km/h, the density of the air is 1.20 g/L, and the lift coefficient is 1, what is the lift? answer= 20 900 000 newtons
need to show work
The density of the air will be 1.20 g/L, and the lift coefficient is 1, the lift will be 20,900,000 N.
What is density of the air?
The density of air, also known as atmospheric density, is the mass per unit volume of the Earth's atmosphere. Air density, like air pressure, decreases as height increases. It also fluctuates as air pressure, temperature, and humidity change. Aeronautics, gravimetric analysis, the air-conditioning business, atmospheric research and meteorology, agricultural engineering, and the engineering community which deals with compressed air all use air density.
= 1/2 × C × rho × v^2 × A
Lift = 1/2 × 1 × 1.20 × 940^2 × 5500
Lift = 20,900,000 N
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when a function finishes executing, it returns a value back to the part of the program that called it. True or False
It's true that when a function finishes executing, it returns a value back to the part of the program that called the function.
Returning control to the calling function terminates the execution of the function. Immediately after the call, the execution is raised back in the caller's function. The calling function can get a value from the return statement. See Return Type for more details.
The calling function receives the value of the expression if it exists. If the expression is omitted, the return value of the function is undefined. If an expression is given, it is evaluated before being converted to the type returned by the function. The compiler issues a warning and does not evaluate an expression when the return statement in a function with return type void contains an expression.
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A 5/16-24 unf 2b hole needs to be machined on a part. What drill size or letter should be selected to drill the pilot hole for the tap?
The correct answer is tap drill size calculator for thread size from 0.060 to 2 inch including 2-56, 4-40, 6-32, 8-32, 10-32, 1/4, 5/16, 3/8, 1/2, 5/8 and 3/4.
Typical drill bits have markings somewhere on the shank above the threads. It's small, but it usually has the drill-bit diameter stamped into the metal; the number is written in fractions. For example, the markings may read: 1/4-inch, 3/6-inch or 25/32.General-use drills have the most common chuck size of 3/8-inch to accommodate the majority of drill bits. The most powerful cordless drill would have a 1/2-inch chuck for heavy-duty applications while light-duty tools have fixed 1/4-inch size.
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the mail theft reporting system aims to identify patterns in mail theft across geographic regions as well as compile ____relating to mail theft victims and monetary losses.
The goal of the mail theft reporting process is to spot trends in mail theft across different geographical areas as well as compile data pertaining to victims of mail theft and financial losses.
What is mail?
A system for physically delivering postcards, letters, and packages is known as the mail or post. Public or private postal services are both available, albeit many governments have limits on the former. National postal services have often been formed as a government monopoly since the middle of the 19th century, with a fee just on article prepaid. A postage metre is also used for bulk mailing, but adhesive postage stamps are typically used as proof of payment. The term "snail mail" was first used when email first became popular. In addition to conveying mail, postal authorities frequently perform other duties. In some nations, a postal, telegraph, & telephone (PTT) service also manages the telephone and telegraph networks in addition to the postal system. Some nations' postal services process passport applications as well as savings account applications.
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the relative costs to find and repair an error or defect increase dramatically as we go from prevention to detection to internal failure to external failure costs.:
Prevention costs are the costs incurred to keep errors and defects from happening in the first place. These costs include things like design reviews, process audits, and training.
What is Prevention costs?
As part of the cost of quality, prevention expenditures are incurred in order to avoid product faults. Employee training & supplier certification are typically included in the cost of prevention. Generally speaking, preventing defects is what leads to the biggest increases in product quality. Even while such prevention entails additional expenses, these expenses are typically more than offset by savings linked to a decline in the frequency of defects. In the past, it was frequently thought that at some non-zero amount of defects, overall quality costs would be reduced. However, a belief that supports the objective of zero flaws has largely supplanted that one. This novel idea is supported by the observation that failure costs frequently reduce dramatically in response to tiny increases in prevention cost.
Detection costs are the costs incurred to find errors and defects once they have already occurred.
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A) Implement an algorithm to find the shortest path from the start node to the end node using an A* (A-star) heuristic search. Use the straight-line distance to the end node as a heuristic function. Show your pseudo code for this algorithm. Is this an admissible heuristic function? Why or why not?
Hint: Define the necessary functions to implement the search problem. This should include a function that takes a vertex as input and returns the set of vertices that can be reached in a straight line from the given vertex. You may need to implement a function that detects whether two-line segments intersect (the algorithm is attached). The problem can be solved using shortest path algorithms, but you are required to use A*.
B) Present the solutions for the following pair of starting point and ending point using the A* algorithm you implemented. Show the optimal path.
Start: (115, 655) End: (380, 560)
With the finding that g(n) = g*(n) for any expanded n, an A* uses a consistent heuristic to find the optimal routes to all extended nodes.
Is this a heuristic function that is acceptable? An algorithm is a process for executing a program step-by-step.An algorithm (/aelrm/ (listen)) is a finite series of precise instructions used in mathematics and computer science to solve a class of specific problems or perform a computation.Algorithms are used as specifications for carrying out calculations and processing data.Advanced algorithms can reroute the execution of the code along many paths by performing automated deductions (also known as automated reasoning) and using logical and mathematical tests (referred to as automated decision-making).Alan Turing was the first to refer to human characteristics as metaphorical representations of computers using terms like "memory," "search," and "stimulus."On the other hand, a heuristic is a problem-solving method that, particularly in problem domains, may not be completely defined or may not always result in the best or most accurate solutions.To learn more about heuristic function refer
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