The tangent of the angle at which the items slide equals the coefficient of static friction. The measurement of k can be done in a similar way. To accomplish it, push the upper object while angling it upward. The tangent of that angle equals k when the upper object slides along at a constant speed.
Why is the coefficient of static friction determined using an incline?
By calculating the angle at which the force of gravity overcomes the static friction, you can utilize an item that is inclined to calculate the static coefficient of friction.
How can you tell which way static friction is prevailing?
Static friction pushes in the direction you're trying to travel when you walk (see Figure 2 below). In the absence of friction, the foot would slip backwards as it presses on the ground (like walking on ice).
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a spaceship moving toward earth with a speed of 0.85c launches a probe in the forward direction with a speed of 0.15c relative to the ship. find the speed of the probe relative to earth.
The speed of the probe relative to the earth is 0.80c.
Given that,
Speed of the spaceship towards the earth v₁₂ = 0.85c
Speed of the probe relative to the ship v₃₁ = - 0.15c
Speed of the probe relative to the earth v₃₂ = ?
The expression to find out the speed of the probe relative to the earth is given as
v₃₂ = (v₁₂ + v₃₁)/[1 + (v₁₂* v₃₁)/c²] = (0.85c - 0.15c)/[ 1 - (0.85c* 0.15c)/c²]
⇒ 0.7c / [ 1 - 0.1275] = 0.7/0.8725 = 0.80c
Thus, the speed of the probe relative to the earth is 0.80c.
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a system that emits sound waves underwater and analyzes the echoes reflected from submerged objects is called ? .
Sonar is a technology that uses sound waves to detect items beneath the water and then analyzes the echoes that they reflect.
To "see" in the water, sonar uses sound waves. Sonar is largely used by NOAA scientists to create nautical charts, find underwater navigational hazards, find and map things on the bottom like shipwrecks, and map the actual seafloor. Sonar comes in active and passive varieties. Sonar, which stands for "sound navigation ranging," is a method for using acoustics to find and measure the location and distance of underwater objects. The active detection, localization, identification, and avoidance or capture of targets through the use of echoes of transmitted sounds is known as echolocation. The tools that produce and receive sound are also referred to as sonar. The examination of subaquatic sound is known as underwater acoustics.
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suppose that the uncertainty in the measurement of an electron's position is zero. part a if measured simultaneously, what is the uncertainty in the electron's momentum?
The uncertainty in the electron's momentum is infinity.
What is Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?
According to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, it is impossible to precisely measure or quantify an object's location or momentum. The wave-particle duality of matter serves as the foundation for this idea. The uncertainty in the location and velocity of objects with relatively high masses is insignificant in the macroscopic world, therefore Heisenberg's uncertainty principle may be disregarded; nevertheless, in the quantum world, it has important implications. Due to the extremely tiny masses of atoms and subatomic particles, any improvement in positional precision will be followed by a corresponding rise in velocity uncertainty.
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is a fundamental idea in quantum mechanics that explains why it is impossible to measure more than one quantum variable at once.
From Heisenberg uncertainity principle
Dx. Dp >h/2pi
Dx =0,
Dp = infinite
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what is the voltage drop across a 5.0-ω resistor if the current through it is 5.0 a?
Answer:
voltage = 25V
Explanation:
In Ohm's law R = V/I then 5ohm = V/5A => V = 5 * 5 = 25V
Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects.
Response:
The evidence is clear: gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of the objects involved. This can be seen in the way that objects with mass are attracted to each other and in the way that planets orbit around the sun.
First, consider the fact that objects with mass are attracted to each other. This is the fundamental concept of gravity, and it is what causes objects to fall to the ground when dropped. If two objects with mass are placed near each other, they will experience a gravitational force of attraction that pulls them together. This force is proportional to the masses of the two objects - the more massive an object is, the stronger the gravitational force it will experience.
This dependency of gravitational force on mass is also evident in the orbits of planets around the sun. The sun is much more massive than any of the planets, and this causes the planets to experience a strong gravitational force of attraction that keeps them in orbit around the sun. The strength of this force depends on the masses of the sun and the planets - the more massive the planet, the stronger the gravitational force it experiences and the more tightly it is held in its orbit.
These examples demonstrate that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of the objects involved. This is a fundamental property of gravity, and it is supported in many studies.
23) When an earthquake occurs,________ is the amour of energy released
A.) intensity
B.) magnitude
C.) seismogram
D.) force
Answer:
b. magnitude is the correct option
Answer:
B.) magnitude
Explanation:
The magnitude of an earthquake is a measure of the amount of energy released by the earthquake. The magnitude is typically expressed on the Richter scale, which is a logarithmic scale that quantifies the size of an earthquake based on the amplitude of the seismic waves it generates. The magnitude of an earthquake is a measure of the earthquake's size and power, and is not the same as its intensity, which is a measure of the earthquake's effects on a specific location. A seismogram is a record of the ground motion during an earthquake, as recorded by a seismograph. Force is not directly related to an earthquake.
shows the light intensity on a screen behind a double slit. the slit spacing is 0.20 mm and the screen is 1.7 m behind the slits. what is the wavelength (in nm ) of the light?
The wavelength of light is 619.04 nm.
Solution:
From the figure, the distance between four maxima Y = 2.0 cm
Distance between successive bright fringes Ay Y/4=0.5 cm = 0.005m
We know Ay - 2D d (1)
d = 0.20mm = 1.7 x 10m
D= 17m
From equation (1)
∧ =Δyd/D
∧ = 0.005×0.20×10⁻³/17 = 619.04 nm
Wavelength is the distance between identical points in adjacent cycles of a waveform signal propagating in space or along a wire. In wireless systems, this length is usually expressed in meters, centimeters, or millimeters. Wavelength is the distance between two wave crests and the same for wave troughs.
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The velocity of a particles moving along a straight path increase from 10m/s to 15m/s in 4 second.what is the displacement covered by the particle in the given time?
The displacement covered by the particle in the given time is 50 meter.
What is velocity?The rate at which a body's displacement changes in relation to time is known as its velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity with both magnitude and direction. SI unit of velocity is meter/second.
Initial velocity of the particle: u = 10 m/s.
Final velocity of the particle: v = 15 m/s.
Time interval: t = 4 second.
Hence, the average velocity of the particle = (10+15)2 m/s = 12.5 m/s.
The displacement covered by the particle in the given time:
s = average velocity × time interval
= 12.5 m/s × 4 second.
= 50 meter.
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A thin 2.00kg box rests on a a 6.50kg board that hangs over the end of a table, as shown in the figure. How far can the center of the box from the end of the table before the board begins to tilt?
answer: x=________m
0.163 m far can the centre of the box from the end of the table before the board begins to tilt
The unique location where the weighted relative position of the scattered mass adds to zero is known as the centre of mass in physics. Here is where a force may be applied to produce a linear acceleration without also producing an angular acceleration.
It represents the system's average location as weighted by each component's mass. The centre of mass for straightforward stiff objects with homogeneous density is found at the centroid.
The position of the centre of mass of the system will be [tex]x^1 & =\frac{30 \mathrm{~cm}+20 \mathrm{~cm}}{2}[/tex] =25 cm
The below-attached figure shows the position of the centre of mass of the system.
The value of the net torque about point P will be
m g x-M g(25 cm-20 cm) =0
m g x-M g(5 cm) =0
m g x =M g(5 cm)
x =(5 cm/m)
[tex]$$\begin{aligned}& =\frac{(6.50)(5 \mathrm{~cm})}{2.00} =16.3 \mathrm{~cm}\left(\frac{10^{-2} \mathrm{~m}}{1 \mathrm{~cm}}\right) \\\end{aligned}$$[/tex] =0.163 m
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a gold ingot weighs 5.50 lbs. if the density of gold is 19.31 g/cm3, and the length and width of the ingot are 12.0 cm and 3.00 cm respectively, what is the height of the ingot? (1 lb
Given that a gold ingot has a mass of 5.50 lbs, a density of 19.31 g/cm3, and dimensions of 12.0 cm in length and 3.00 cm in width, the ingot's height is 3.59 cm.
Given that The density of the gold ingot (d) = 19.31 g/cm3
Mass of gold ingot (m) = 5.50 lbs
Converting lbs to g we have 1 lb = 453.592 g then
5.5lbs = 5.5 x 453.592 = 2494.756 g
Length of gold ingot (l) = 12cm
Width of gold ingot (w) = 3cm
Let height of gold ingot be hcm
Volume of gold ingot (v) = length x width x height
Generally, Density (d) = Mass(m)/Volume(v)
19.31 = 2494.756/12x3xh
h = 2494.756/12x3x19.31 = 3.59cm
Hence the height of gold ingot is 3.59cm
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assuming a constant dew point temperature, how do temperature and relative humidity typically vary over a 24-hour period?
Changes in relative humidity are more common than changes in dew point. Assuming dew point to be relatively constant over a 24-hour period, relative humidity values change regularly throughout the day as temperatures rise and fall.
When the temperature and dew point are close, the relative humidity is higher than when the temperature and dew point are far apart. At the same temperature and dew point, the air is "saturated" and the relative humidity is 100%.
Clouds form when the temperature drops below the dew point. On the ground, temperatures often drop below the dew point, such as during heavy rains or foggy mornings.
The "relative humidity" of air describes the relationship between temperature and dew point.
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a 575 kg satellite is in a circular orbit at an altitude of 525 km above the earth's surface. because of air friction, the satellite eventually falls to the earth's surface, where it hits the ground with a speed of 2.20 km/s. how much energy was transformed into internal energy due to air friction?
Energy transformed into internal energy due to air friction is found to be 1.799 ×10¹⁰ J.
This question can be solved by the use of work energy theorem.
According to work energy theorem the work done by all the forces is equal to the change in kinetic energy of the system.
Given, mass of satellite m= 575 kg
distance of satellite from earth's surface (h)= 525 km
final velocity of the satellite [tex]v_{f}[/tex]= 2.20 km/s= 2.20×10³ m/s
We know that mass of sun M =6ˣ10²⁴ kg
Radius of earth R= 64ˣ10⁵ m
The total energy of satellite when in orbit is given by [tex]E= -G\frac{Mm}{2r}[/tex]
Here G is the gravitational constant= 6.67430×10⁻¹¹ m³kg⁻¹s⁻²
r= R+h= 6925000m
On putting all the values and solving we get
E= -1.661ˣ10¹⁰ J (This is the initial energy when the satellite was orbiting sun)
According to question the satellite hits the earth surface with [tex]v_{f}[/tex]= 2.20 km/s= 2.20×10³ m/s.
So, the gravitational potential energy is given by [tex]U= -G\frac{Mm}{R}[/tex]
On putting the values and solving we get U= -3.59×10¹⁰ J
The satellite will also have kinetic energy when it hits the surface given by K.E= [tex]\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}[/tex]
On putting the values and solving we get K.E= 0.13×10¹⁰ J
Total energy (T.E) of the satellite when it hits the ground is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy
T.E= K.E+U= -3.46×10¹⁰ J
The energy which was transferred into internal energy due to the air friction is the difference of the total initial energy (E) and total final energy (T.E)
Internal energy= E- T.E
= (-1.661+3.46)×10¹⁰ J
=1.799 ×10¹⁰ J
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you are designing a spacecraft (no people) to send to venus. what kind of spacecraft would it be and what would it be trying to learn about venus?
This will be an autonomous, unmanned spacecraft. That will feature a strong heat protection and landing gear that can resist the venusian surface's tremendous pressure and extreme heat.
What makes the planet Venus unique?Venus is distinctive because it spins counterclockwise to Earth and the majority of planets, in adding to being incredibly hot. Additionally, due to its extremely slow rotation, its day is larger than its year.
Why is Venus so hot?Venus not the planet that is closest to our sun, but its thick atmosphere retain heat in an extreme instance of the warming of the planet that we can observe here on Earth due to global warming. As a result, Venus reaches 880 degrees Fahrenheit.
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Angelina jumps off a stool. as she is falling, the earth’s gravitational force on her is larger in magnitude than the gravitational force she is exerting on the earth.a. Trueb. False
Answer:
False
Explanation:
By Newtons 3rd law, “To every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction", the answer is false because there is an equal weight and force upwards and downwards.
False.
Check Newton's 3rd law of motion: For every action, there is an EQUAL opposite reaction.
Check the formula for the strength of the grvitational force between two objects. The formula doesn't say anything about which object is m1 and which object is m2. The gravitational force is the same in both directions.
Angelina's weight on the Earth is the SAME as the Earth's weight on Angelina.
Also, the weight of a mosquito on Earth is the same as the Earth's weight on the mosquito.
if a is a matrix with columns that span rn, then ax = b has a solution for all b in rn.
The statement "If a is a matrix with columns that span rn, then ax = b has a solution for all b in rn" is true.
If a matrix has columns that span rn, it means that the columns of the matrix are linearly independent and can be used to form a basis for rn. This means that any vector b in rn can be written as a linear combination of the columns of the matrix.
Since ax = b has a solution for all b in rn, this means that for any given b, there exists a unique solution x such that ax = b. This is because the columns of the matrix are linearly independent and can be used to form a basis for rn, so any vector in rn can be written as a linear combination of the columns of the matrix.
Therefore, the statement is true.
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researchers are studying europa, one of the moons of jupiter. they are using a technique similar to sonar used by bats. sound waves directed at the surface would
Mechanical waves can be classified as either transverse or longitudinal waves depending on the sort of motion they undergo. It should be noted that longitudinal and transverse waves can both be periodic.
The disruption of a transverse wave propagates perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Similar to sound waves, ocean waves also transport energy from one location to another. Through a medium, such as water or air, this energy moves. Additionally, this energy travels in a transverse wave, which is a repeating up-and-down motion. Echolocation is the process of using sound waves and their echoes to locate things in space. In the dark, bats use echolocation to navigate and locate food.
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During laboratory investigation, students determined a large block of iron to have a density of 7.75 g/mL. If the block were to be cut in half, what would be the density of the smaller block?
a. 7.75 g/mL
b. 15.5 g/mL
c. 3.88 g/mL
d. 5.58 g/mL
Answer: (a) 7.75 g/mL
Explanation: Density is calculated as mass/volume. When you cut the block in half, you cut the mass in half and the volume in half, meaning that the density is the same.
EX: 2/2 = 1; also 1/1 = 1
four railroad cars, each of mass 2.50 3 104 kg, are coupled together and coasting along horizontal tracks at speed vi toward the south. a very strong but fool- ish movie actor, riding on the second car, uncouples the front car and gives it a big push, increasing its speed to 4.00 m/s southward. the remaining three cars continue moving south, now at 2.00 m/s. (a) find the initial speed of the four cars. (b) by how much did the potential energy within the body of the actor change? (c) state the relationship between the process described here and the process in problem 25.
The final three vehicles continue to travel south at a speed of 2.00 m/s. The four automobiles' initial speed is u=2.5 m/s.
What does a scientific energy mean?The definition of energy is the "capacity to accomplish work, which is the ability to apply a force producing the displacement of an item." Despite this unclear description, energy simply refers to the power that propels motion. Potential and kinetic energy are the two categories.
How is energy produced?The majority of electricity is produced by steam turbines using fossil fuels, nuclear energy, biomass, geothermal, & solar thermal energy. Steam turbines, hydro generators, wind turbines, & solar photovoltaics are some further prominent electricity generation systems.
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This Is The Light Intensity On A Viewing Screen Behind A Slit Of Width A. The Light's Wavelength Is λ. is λa, or is it not possible to tell?
_____ refers to how reactive a substance is with oxygen
A Reduction
B Combustibility
Answer:
B is the correct one
Explanation:
Answer: Combustibility refers to how reactive a substance is with oxygen.
Explanation:
Combustibility is a measure of a substance's ability to burn or ignite when exposed to oxygen. Substances that are highly combustible are more reactive with oxygen and are more prone to catching fire or burning. Some common examples of combustible substances include wood, paper, and gasoline.
Reduction, on the other hand, refers to a chemical reaction in which a substance gains electrons or hydrogen atoms, or loses oxygen atoms. Reduction reactions are the opposite of oxidation reactions, in which a substance loses electrons or hydrogen atoms, or gains oxygen atoms. Reduction and combustibility are not directly related to each other.
an object has a relativistic momentum that is 8.50 times greater than its classical momentum. what is its speed?
An object has a relativistic momentum that is 8.50 times greater than its classical momentum, then its speed is 8.5 × 10^8 m/s.
The relationship between an object's mass and velocity is known as its momentum. De Broglie wavelengths and kinetic energy can be derived from it. The classical momentum formula, p = mv, is no longer valid for objects moving at speeds close to the speed of light. Instead, in the case of relativity, p0 = mv where γ = 1/√1−(v/c)^2 is the Lorentz factor, The object's mass is m, and its speed is v.
p0 = mv/√1−(v/c)^2
We can define as: given that an object's relativistic momentum is 8.5 times larger than its classical momentum
p0 = 8.5p
p0 = mv/√1−(v/c)^2 = p/√1−(v/c)^2
8.5p = p/√1−(v/c)^2
1−(v/c)^2 = (1/8.5)^2
0.993 = v/3x10^8 = 8.5x10^8m/s
Hence the object's speed is 8.5 × 10^8 m/s.
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calculate the force of gravity in newtons, between the earth and a 70 kg huma standing on the surfac
The force of gravity, between the earth and a 70 kg human standing on the surface is 688N.
What is the plain meaning of gravity?The force that pulls items toward the center of a planet or even other body is known as gravity. Each of the planet are kept in orbit about the sun by gravity. But in a wider sense, gravity is a force because it represents the interaction that happens when two masses are in close proximity to one another. Fundamentally, the stretching of space and the movement of items through the stretched spacetime are what produce gravitational effects. However, the outcome appears to be the result of applying force.
Briefing:the force of gravity ⇒ Fg = G Mm/ R²
Fg=gravitational force
G=gravitational constant
M=mass of Earth
m=mass of object
R=distance from earth's centre to object's centre
Fg = (6.67 × [tex]10^{-11}[/tex]× 5.98[tex]10^{24}[/tex]×70)/ (6.37×[tex]10^{6}[/tex])×(6.37×[tex]10^{6}[/tex])
⇒ Fg ≅ 688N.
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a solid ball of inertia m rolls without slipping down a ramp that makes an angle θ with the horizontal. What frictional force is exerted on the ball? As a function of theta, what coefficient of friction is required to prevent slipping?
The frictional force on the ball is equal to 5/7 mg sin, and the necessary coefficient of friction to keep it from slipping is equal to 5/7 tan. For a solid ball of inertia m to roll down an angled ramp without slipping.
The frictional force only ever produces a negative amount of work. This is because the opposing force of friction.
ma = m g sin - f. [translation]
f r [rotation] = I a / r
In that case, f = m g sin / (1 + m r2 / I).
I = 2/5 m r2 implies that f = 5/7 m g sin must be f = m g cos, where 5/7 m g sin = m g cos.
μ > = 5/7 tanθ
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suppose you looked up in the sky from the southern hemisphere and observed the moon illuminated as it appears above. at which lettered position in its orbit is the moon located at this moment?
The moon is currently placed in the Waning Gibbous position in its orbit, as seen when we gazed up at the sky in the southern hemisphere and saw the moon illuminated as it appears.
In the Southern Hemisphere, unlike the Northern Hemisphere, the moon light increases in coverage from left to right in the waxing phase and the dark portion increases in coverage from left to right in the waning phase. One half of the moon is illuminated by the sun while the other is under shade. Anyone can see that the moon has a brilliant side facing the Sun and a dark side facing away from it. These lit and dark areas of the surface change in proportion as the moon orbits the Earth.
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how might the motion of the cart change when two people push the cart rather than when the boy pushes the cart by himself?
When two people push the cart, then it will move with a faster speed.
According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
When we push the cart, our action of pushing causes the reaction of the cart moving with the same force as that of our push in the opposite direction.
If only the boy pushes the cart, then there will be a smaller force of push and hence the cart will move slowly. When two people will push the cart, the force will be larger and as a result the cart will move at a faster speed.
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a coal-fired generating station with a thermodynamic efficiency of 35% produces an average output of 600 mwe. assume that coal is pure carbon and that cao is used to sequester all of the co2 that is produced. what is the mass of cao (in kg) required each year?
The mass of CAO required each year to sequester the CO2 produced by the coal-fired generating station is 1232 kg.
To determine the mass of CAO required each year to sequester the CO2 produced by a coal-fired generating station, we need to know the amount of CO2 produced by the station and the mass of CAO needed to sequester a given amount of CO2.
The amount of CO2 produced by the station can be calculated using the equation:
CO2_produced = (1 / efficiency) × energy_output
where CO2_produced is the amount of CO2 produced, efficiency is the thermodynamic efficiency of the generating station (35% in this case), and energy_output is the average output of the station (600 MWe in this case).
Plugging these values into the equation gives us:
CO2_produced = (1 / 0.35) × 600 MWe = 1714 MWe
To convert the energy output from megawatt-hours (MWh) to kilograms of CO2, we can use the conversion factor of 0.00053 kg CO2/MWh:
CO2_produced = 1714 MWe × 0.00053 kg CO2/MWh = 916 kg CO2
To determine the mass of CAO required to sequester this amount of CO2, we need to know the mass of CAO needed to sequester a given amount of CO2. The mass of CAO needed to sequester a given amount of CO2 can be calculated using the equation:
CAO_mass = CO2_mass / (CAO_molecular_weight / CO2_molecular_weight)
where CAO_mass is the mass of CAO needed to sequester the CO2, CO2_mass is the mass of CO2 to be sequestered, CAO_molecular_weight is the molecular weight of CAO, and CO2_molecular_weight is the molecular weight of CO2.
The molecular weights of CAO and CO2 are 56 g/mol and 44 g/mol, respectively. Plugging these values into the equation gives us:
CAO_mass = CO2_mass / (CAO_molecular_weight / CO2_molecular_weight) = 916 kg CO2 / (56 g/mol / 44 g/mol) = 1232 kg CAO
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a 3.2-kg bucket of water is raised from a well by a rope. if the upward acceleration of the bucket is 2.5 m/s2, find the force exerted by the rope on the bucket.
The rope's force is equal to 64.N. The word "force" has a specific meaning in science. At this level, calling a force a push or a pull is entirely appropriate.
A force is not something an object "has in it" or that it "contains." One thing experiences a force from another. There are both living things and non-living objects in the concept of a force. As we discovered in a previous session, forces are significant because they induce modifications to motion. In his first law, Isaac Newton really mentions this. According to this law of inertia, an object stays in its condition of rest or motion unless it is affected by an external, unbalanced force.
resolution with a vertical component
↑ \s⏐ \s⏐ \s+
Let de = T N be the rope's tension.
Then,
T \s− \sm \sg \s= \sm \sa
T \s= \sm \sa \s+ \sm \sg \s= \sm \s( \sa \s+ \sg \s)
= \s5 \s( \s3 \s+ \s9.8 \s)
= \s64 \sN
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assume that all of the potential energy went into kinetic right as it is about to hit the bottom. what would be the value for the kinetic energy?
The potential energy of an object diminishes while its kinetic energy rises. The increase in kinetic energy perfectly offsets the reduction in potential energy. The idea of work is another crucial one.
Before it touches the ground, where can you obtain kinetic energy?The mass of the object and the square of its velocity are directly related to its kinetic energy: K.E. = 1/2 m v2. When a mass is measured in kilograms and a speed is measured in meters per second, the kinetic energy is measured in kilogram-meters squared per second squared.
When a body is moving downward, what will happen to its kinetic and potential energy?due to the rule of conservation of energy, which states that total energy is always constant. Kinetic energy will therefore rise, whereas potential energy will fall.
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two objects are thrown from the top of a tall building. one is thrown up, and the other is thrown down, both with the same initial speed. what are their speeds when they hit the street? neglect air resistance.
The speed when they hit the street will be equal to each other.
A force applied to all bodies on Earth is Weight ( W ), which is caused by Earth's gravity. If a body is free falling, its only acceleration is g , gravity. So gravity increases velocity.
Both objects will show a change in their velocities because of gravity.
The velocity for both objects if one is thrown up and other is thrown down is same which is given by this formula:
= V = - √ (v² + 2gh)
Where,
Final velocity = V
Initial velocity = v
Acceleration due to gravity = g
Distance = h
Now, assuming the upward speed is measured as positive, the speed when the two objects hit the street will be equal to each other.
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White light separates into all the colors of the visible spectrum when it is passed through a?
White light separates into all the colors of the visible spectrum when it is passed through a prism.
A prism is an optical device made from transparent material, typically glass, that refracts light and separates it into its constituent wavelengths. This separation of light into its component colors is called dispersion. White light is composed of all the colors of the visible spectrum and when it is passed through a prism, the prism refracts the light and splits it into its individual colors.
When white light passes through a prism, the light is bent, or refracted, at different angles depending on its wavelength. The different wavelengths of light correspond to different colors in the visible spectrum, so when the white light is refracted, it separates into various colors.
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